US3136652A - Method and apparatus for coating paper - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for coating paper Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3136652A
US3136652A US796842A US79684259A US3136652A US 3136652 A US3136652 A US 3136652A US 796842 A US796842 A US 796842A US 79684259 A US79684259 A US 79684259A US 3136652 A US3136652 A US 3136652A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
paper
coating
blade
body stock
coating materials
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US796842A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Bicknell John Alfred
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Warren SD Co
Original Assignee
Warren SD Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL248960D priority Critical patent/NL248960A/xx
Application filed by Warren SD Co filed Critical Warren SD Co
Priority to US796842A priority patent/US3136652A/en
Priority to GB7057/60A priority patent/GB908447A/en
Priority to DEW27370A priority patent/DE1179100B/de
Priority to FR820329A priority patent/FR1250202A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3136652A publication Critical patent/US3136652A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/36—Coatings with pigments
    • D21H19/44—Coatings with pigments characterised by the other ingredients, e.g. the binder or dispersing agent
    • D21H19/56—Macromolecular organic compounds or oligomers thereof obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D21H19/58—Polymers or oligomers of diolefins, aromatic vinyl monomers or unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/36—Coatings with pigments
    • D21H19/44—Coatings with pigments characterised by the other ingredients, e.g. the binder or dispersing agent
    • D21H19/50—Proteins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/36—Coatings with pigments
    • D21H19/44—Coatings with pigments characterised by the other ingredients, e.g. the binder or dispersing agent
    • D21H19/54—Starch
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/36—Coatings with pigments
    • D21H19/44—Coatings with pigments characterised by the other ingredients, e.g. the binder or dispersing agent
    • D21H19/62—Macromolecular organic compounds or oligomers thereof obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H25/00—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00
    • D21H25/08—Rearranging applied substances, e.g. metering, smoothing; Removing excess material
    • D21H25/10—Rearranging applied substances, e.g. metering, smoothing; Removing excess material with blades

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method and apparatus for coating paper, and more particularly to coating paper at high speed as an integral step in the production of paper on a paper-making machine.
  • Theprincipalobject of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus for applying a coating to paper at high speeds and in series with a paper-making machine. Another object of this invention is the provision of a method and apparatus for eliminating streaks normally encountered in blade coating. A further object of this invention is the provision of a process and apparatus for applying coatings of relatively high solids to paper at high speeds and in series with a paper-making machine.
  • I employ a coating apparatus mounted in a break between drier sections of a paper-making machine. It consists essentially in a metal blade mounted to apply pressure across the paper web along a line of contact applied against a resilient backing roll. A coating material is introduced against the paper. in back of the blade and forms a pool adjacent to the paper as it passes beneath the blade.
  • a cooling roll which may be the last can of a drying series in the paper-making machine. This roll is internally cooled, and as the paper passes over it from the last drying stage of the paper machine, the cooling roll brings the temperature of the paper from 150 F. down to below 110 F., and preferably below 80 F.
  • a cooling roll of this sort readily condenses moisture from the air surrounding it, and unless care is taken it sweats and leaves moisture marks on the paper.
  • This propensity of the cooling rool is overcome in my invention by blowing hot dry air thereon and. wiping the same with a felt or doctor.
  • coating materials of unusually high solids content may be employed. Highly satisfactory results .have been obtained using coating materials having greater than 60% solids. When this has been tried previously as an integral part of the paper production process, coatings of such high solids cause drastic streaking under the blade and are objectionable for that reason.
  • Another feature of my invention is that a comparatively free body stock can be used Without impairing the performance of the coater or the high quality of the surface obtained. Ordinarily the relatively free paper stock required for. higher speed paper-making takes up the water so fast from the coating materials that caking and streaking under the blade invariably occurs. This happens less when the process and apparatus of my invention are employed.
  • .sequence is-as. follows to the pressure of the blade against the paper and the forces which hold it up. Apparently the smoothness of the coating and its uniformity result from using a resilient blade pressing against the coating materials and being held up from contact with the paper by the dynamic forces of the coating materials which have been drawn down and accelerated towards the blade edge by surface contact with the moving paper. Thus it is apparent that more coating material can be applied for a given blade pressure and paper throughput speed when more coating material is accelerated so as to hold the blade further from the paper base.
  • a third consideration relates to the speed of throughput and its relation to the consistency of the coating materials. In order to flow smoothly and flatly under the blade at high speeds, the coating materials must be relatively thin in consistency and have good dynamic flow characteristics.
  • a' major feature of my invention is that it provides a Way for resolving these apparently conflicting requirements.
  • a marked improvement in hold-up resistance to water transfer from coating materials to paper
  • the length of coatving-to-paper contact can be increased Without a dangerous filter cake buildup.
  • more coating material may be accelerated against the blade thereby holding it further away from the paper and permitting more coating material to pass thereunder.
  • a lighter and more fluid coating material may be employed thereby permitting higher speed operation, and of particular significance, for the first time permitting successful blade coating as-an integral part of the paper-makingprocess.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view in cross section of the final drying drums of a paper-making machine incorporating the cooling roll and blade coating mechanisms .of my invention
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view in cross section illustrating the flow conditions of coating material underneath .a blade with the horizontal dimension greatly increased in proportion for purposes of illustration;
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic view of the cooling roll and condensation drying air blast employed in the process
  • I employ a paper-making machine, the final stages of which are indicated generally in FIG. "1.
  • I employ a first blade. coater 10 for applying coating materials for one side of the paper issuing from a paper-making machine, and a second blade coater 12, for, applying coating materials to the other side of the "paper.
  • the paper indicated in dotted lines in FIG. l is formed on-the paper-making machine Q and dried on drying rolls.
  • a pair of drying rolls 14 of the paper-making machine appear at the left-hand side of FIG. 1.
  • the paper which may or may not at this stage include filling and sizing materialsQpasses to a cooling roll 16 which is maintained at a temperature below 110" R, and preferably below 80 F., by means of cold water pumped therethrough by pump 18 from a cold water source 2i) (see FIG. 3).
  • a cooling roll 16 which is maintained at a temperature below 110" R, and preferably below 80 F., by means of cold water pumped therethrough by pump 18 from a cold water source 2i) (see FIG. 3).
  • the roll 16 being substantially colder than the surrounding air causes condensation readily to form on the roll, and unless some provision were taken to counteract the water droplets thus formed would tend to spoil the paper.
  • This disadvantage is overcome in the apparatus of my invention by employing felt doctors 22 and'directing a blast of dry air at 24 against the roll 16. After leaving the roll 16, the
  • paper may be passed through a calender stack 26 and thence around rolls to the blade coater 10. From the blade coater 10 the paper is passed through another series of drying rolls indicated at 28, and if it is then desired to coat the; opposite side of the paper, the paper is then run over another cooling roll 17 (similar to roll 16) down to the second blade coater l2 and again through a set of drying rolls indicated at 30'. Finally the paper is optionally passed through a calender stack indicated EXAMPLE 1 A moderately beaten paper-making furnish of about equal parts of bleached pulp made from soft wood and bleached pulp made from hardwood, sized with rosinsize and alum, was formed into a web of paper weighing 28 pounds, dry weight, per ream of 500 sheets cut 25 x 38 inches.
  • the paper was dried by passing over a series of drying cylinders'in the paper machine.
  • the 'web was then passed through a size-press where a starch solution was applied to one side of the web in amount equivalent to one pound dry weight per ream.
  • the sized paper was again dried by passage over more drying cylinders. Then the dried paper was cooled at 80 F. by passing around a cylinder internally cooled by cold Water. The cool paper'was-passed through a trailing-blade coating device which applied to the starch-sized side of the.
  • V tional supercalender and developed a gloss of 55 as measured on a Bausch and Lomb glossmeter.
  • EXAMPLE 2 A rosin-sized paper was made weighing pounds per team. This contained 14% of clay filler and had a 40:60 ratio of bleached soft wood to bleached hardwood chemical fibers. The web was passed from a section of drying cylinders into aisqueeze-roll coating device where there was applied to one side of the web 9 pounds dry weight of a coating composition of 48% solids containing 40 pounds of oxidized starch adhesive to 100 parts of clay. The coated web was dried by passage over another series of heated drying cylinders. Then the paper was cooled to 80 F. by passage about an internally cooled cylinder.
  • the cooled web was passed through a trailing-blade coating device where there was applied to the primecoated side of the web a 12 pound dry weight per ream layer of coating of composition the same asthat of preceding Formula I except that it contained only suffi cient Water to make the solids content and had a viscosity of 7,000 centipoises.
  • the so-coated paper was dried, calendered, and reeled up at 1,000 feet per minute just as in the case'of 'Example 1.
  • Viscosity 4,500 centipoises 6 to 8 pounds dry weight put on at 700 feet per minute Temperature, about 90 F.
  • Formula IV 20 clay 80 calcium carbonate '4 soy protein solvated by ammonia 9 styrene-butadiene copolymer (as latex) anti-foam agent 7 Water to make solids, 60%
  • Viscosity 1,000 centipoises I 8' pounds put on at 700 feet per minute Temperature, 90-95 F.
  • Viscosity 5,300 centipoises 8 pounds put on at 700 feet perminute Temperature, 95 F.
  • the weight of the paper base can bevaried widely, for instance, from 40 pounds to pounds per ream.
  • the paper can be prime-coated on one or both sides at the same time by a squeeze roll (impregnation) coater.
  • the top or blade-coating can be applied to both sides, but in this case only one side can be blade coated at a time, and
  • the first coated side must be dried (and the sheet again cooled) before the other side is blade-coated.
  • each one will show streakiness if run at paper machine speeds of 900 f,p.m. and at a paper temperature of 150170 P.
  • a light-weight coating may be applied employing a prime-coated base paper cooled at 95 F. and coated with 3 pounds (per ream) dry weight of the composition of following Formula VI.
  • FIG. 2 I have shown a diagrammatic representation of a resilient backing roll 34, with a base paper 36 thereon, a resilient blade 38, and a pool of coating material 40.
  • the purpose of FIG. 2 is to facilitate an understanding of what happens during the coating process.
  • the dimension lettered A represents the distance between initial contact between coating material and the point at which water absorption into the paper base (or other forms of coating water loss) brings the filter cake to the distance of the blade 38 from the paper 36.
  • the latter distance is represented by the letter B.
  • the distance B depends on the thickness of coating deposited. Usually it is only about .0004".
  • the liquid coating material 40 must be accelerated by contact with the paper 36 to be projected against the blade 38 with sufiicient velocity to hold up the resilient pressure of the blade 38, and before the filter cake (indicated at 42) has built up.
  • This is done in my invention by cooling the paper which I find to be an extremely important step. With the cool paper the dimension A may be increased so that the coating 40 gains substantial velocity prior to reaching the blade 38.
  • the dimension C represents the distance through which the coating surface 40 remains in the fully liquid (and dynamically fluid) state after passing the blade 38. Streakiness cannot be avoided unless this dimension extends clearly beyond the last point of contact between the blade 38 and the coating material.
  • the viscosity of the coatingmaterial also increases as the temperature drops, and since the temperature of the paper is substantially more important than the temperature of the coating material pool above the blade, my invention permits regulation of the amount of coating applied to the paper by regulating the temperature of the paper. I I regard this as entirely novel and intend to claim the same herein broadly. In addition to and in combination with the foregoing, my invention permits the use of a heated coating material in the blade pool above room temperature while cooling the paper base below room temperature. This greatly expands the range of possible useful coating materials.
  • a process for manufacturing paper comprising the steps of: forming a paper web, drying said web at a temperature above about F., passing said web into a pressure nip formed between a backing roll and an essentially resilient pressure member pressing in the direction of said backing roll, accelerating a liquid coating material containing a mineral filler by applying said coating material to said web immediately prior to the entrance of said web into said nip, projecting said accelerated liquid coating material against said member with sufficient force to hold said member away from contact with said paper, and simultaneously retarding the formation of a filter cake of said coating material on the surface of said web by cooling said web prior to the application of said coating material thereto to a temperature of below about 110 F.
  • a process for coating paper comprising: preparing an aqueous coating material containing a mineral filler, cooling a paper base, thereafter passing said paper base through a blade coater wherein said material is applied to said paper base, and regulating the thickness of said coating material so applied by regulating the temperature of said paper base prior to the application of said material.
  • a process for coating paper comprising: preparing an aqueous coating material containing a mineral filler, reducing the viscosity of said material by heating the same above room temperature, cooling a paper base, thereafter passing said paper base through a blade coater wherein said material is applied to said'paper base, and regulating the thickness of said coating material so applied by regulating the temperature of said paper base prior to the application of said material.
  • Apparatus for manufacturing paper comprising a paper-making machine including a series of heated drying rolls, means in a break between two of said drying rolls for cooling and controlling the temperature of a paper.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
US796842A 1959-03-03 1959-03-03 Method and apparatus for coating paper Expired - Lifetime US3136652A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL248960D NL248960A (en, 2012) 1959-03-03
US796842A US3136652A (en) 1959-03-03 1959-03-03 Method and apparatus for coating paper
GB7057/60A GB908447A (en) 1959-03-03 1960-02-29 Improvements relating to the production of coated papers
DEW27370A DE1179100B (de) 1959-03-03 1960-03-02 Verfahren zum Herstellen von gestrichenem Papier
FR820329A FR1250202A (fr) 1959-03-03 1960-03-03 Perfectionnements à la fabrication des papiers couchés

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US796842A US3136652A (en) 1959-03-03 1959-03-03 Method and apparatus for coating paper

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3136652A true US3136652A (en) 1964-06-09

Family

ID=25169201

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US796842A Expired - Lifetime US3136652A (en) 1959-03-03 1959-03-03 Method and apparatus for coating paper

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3136652A (en, 2012)
DE (1) DE1179100B (en, 2012)
GB (1) GB908447A (en, 2012)
NL (1) NL248960A (en, 2012)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3264126A (en) * 1963-06-24 1966-08-02 American Cyanamid Co Pigmented paper coatings containing protein and a di (lower alkoxymethyl) uron
US3362845A (en) * 1967-06-22 1968-01-09 West Virginia Pulp & Paper Co Method and compositions for double coating a traveling web
US3468698A (en) * 1965-01-05 1969-09-23 Mead Corp Process of producing pigment coated paper
DE4037870A1 (de) * 1989-11-28 1991-05-29 Kanzaki Paper Mfg Co Ltd Verfahren zum herstellen von gestrichenem papier
US5342446A (en) * 1991-05-21 1994-08-30 Eastman Kodak Company Apparatus for coating a continuous web
US6245395B1 (en) * 1998-03-02 2001-06-12 Westvaco Corporation Packaging material having good moisture barrier properties from C1S paperboard
WO2004042146A1 (de) * 2002-11-06 2004-05-21 Metsä Tissue Oyj Verfahren zur lotionierung von tissue- und/oder tissueähnlichem material
US20110262745A1 (en) * 2008-11-07 2011-10-27 Sirkku Johanna Ronka Coated recyclable paper or paperboard and methods for their production
CN112832051A (zh) * 2021-02-05 2021-05-25 莱阳银通纸业有限公司 一种防伪纸高速机用可连续生产的涂布造纸机
US11718059B2 (en) 2017-11-30 2023-08-08 Dart Container Corporation Process for forming a paper container and related methods and materials

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2237068A (en) * 1938-08-27 1941-04-01 Champion Paper & Fibre Co Method for making coated paper

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE138217C (en, 2012) *
GB486943A (en) * 1936-04-09 1938-06-08 Mead Corp Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of paper
GB545124A (en) * 1939-09-26 1942-05-12 K C M Company Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of paper

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2237068A (en) * 1938-08-27 1941-04-01 Champion Paper & Fibre Co Method for making coated paper

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3264126A (en) * 1963-06-24 1966-08-02 American Cyanamid Co Pigmented paper coatings containing protein and a di (lower alkoxymethyl) uron
US3468698A (en) * 1965-01-05 1969-09-23 Mead Corp Process of producing pigment coated paper
US3362845A (en) * 1967-06-22 1968-01-09 West Virginia Pulp & Paper Co Method and compositions for double coating a traveling web
DE4037870A1 (de) * 1989-11-28 1991-05-29 Kanzaki Paper Mfg Co Ltd Verfahren zum herstellen von gestrichenem papier
US5032225A (en) * 1989-11-28 1991-07-16 Kanzaki Paper Mfg. Co., Ltd. Temperature controlled method of coating a paper web
US5342446A (en) * 1991-05-21 1994-08-30 Eastman Kodak Company Apparatus for coating a continuous web
US6245395B1 (en) * 1998-03-02 2001-06-12 Westvaco Corporation Packaging material having good moisture barrier properties from C1S paperboard
WO2004042146A1 (de) * 2002-11-06 2004-05-21 Metsä Tissue Oyj Verfahren zur lotionierung von tissue- und/oder tissueähnlichem material
US20110262745A1 (en) * 2008-11-07 2011-10-27 Sirkku Johanna Ronka Coated recyclable paper or paperboard and methods for their production
EP2358942B1 (en) 2008-11-07 2016-05-18 Premium Board Finland Oy Coated recyclable paper or paperboard and methods for their production
CN108360290A (zh) * 2008-11-07 2018-08-03 芬兰优质纸板公司 涂布的可再生纸或纸板及其生产方法
US11718059B2 (en) 2017-11-30 2023-08-08 Dart Container Corporation Process for forming a paper container and related methods and materials
CN112832051A (zh) * 2021-02-05 2021-05-25 莱阳银通纸业有限公司 一种防伪纸高速机用可连续生产的涂布造纸机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1179100B (de) 1964-10-01
NL248960A (en, 2012)
GB908447A (en) 1962-10-17

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3873345A (en) Method of finishing coated paper
US4520048A (en) Method and apparatus for coating paper and the like
CA2444936C (en) A method of producing a coated substrate
US4012543A (en) Coated paper and method of making same
WO2004035929A1 (en) Method of producing a multilayer coated substrate having improved barrier properties
US3136652A (en) Method and apparatus for coating paper
US7504002B2 (en) Method of producing coated paper with reduced gloss mottle
US7473333B2 (en) Process for making coated paper or paperboard
US20040121080A1 (en) Method of producing a coated substrate
EP1416088B1 (en) Process for making coated paper or paperboard
US3268354A (en) Coating process and product
EP0853159B1 (en) Process and coating colour for coating of paper and board
EP0146964A2 (en) Method of producing cast coated paper
EP0430391A1 (en) Coated printing material and process for producing the same
US3963843A (en) Production of coated paper
US3298987A (en) Coated fibrous web and coating composition therefor
US3982056A (en) Method for improving the printability characteristics of gloss calendered paper
US20030194501A1 (en) Method of producing a coated substrate
US3413139A (en) Method of making coated paper of low gloss and improved ink holdout
US2678890A (en) Process of cast-coating paper
US5043190A (en) Process for producing cast-coated papers
US3442685A (en) Preparation of coated paper having high gloss and high wet rub resistance
US3293067A (en) Production of coated paper
US2293278A (en) Process for finishing paper and product
EP3951055B1 (en) Method for manufacturing paper-making barrier substrate