US3135102A - Forced and natural draft cooling arrangement for refrigerator - Google Patents

Forced and natural draft cooling arrangement for refrigerator Download PDF

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US3135102A
US3135102A US176959A US17695962A US3135102A US 3135102 A US3135102 A US 3135102A US 176959 A US176959 A US 176959A US 17695962 A US17695962 A US 17695962A US 3135102 A US3135102 A US 3135102A
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air
passageway
cabinet
interior
cooling element
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US176959A
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Ullstrand Hugo Malcolm
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Electrolux AB
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Electrolux AB
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
    • F25D17/04—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
    • F25D17/06—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation
    • F25D17/062—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation in household refrigerators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
    • F25D21/14—Collecting or removing condensed and defrost water; Drip trays
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
    • F25D17/04—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2317/00—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2317/06—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation
    • F25D2317/068—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by the fans
    • F25D2317/0682—Two or more fans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2317/00—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2317/06—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation
    • F25D2317/068—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by the fans
    • F25D2317/0683—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by the fans the fans not of the axial type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2400/00—General features of, or devices for refrigerators, cold rooms, ice-boxes, or for cooling or freezing apparatus not covered by any other subclass
    • F25D2400/04—Refrigerators with a horizontal mullion

Definitions

  • the cooling element may form a part of refrigeration apparatus operated by a source of heat like a fluid fuel burner, for example, and the fan arranged to be driven by an electric motor. If the source of electrical supply should become unavailable for driving a ⁇ fan motor in refrigeration apparatus of the heat-operated type, the apparatus still will operate normally to maintain the cooling element at its desired low temperature.
  • the fan for circulating air by forced draft often is located exteriorly of the storage compartment in a passageway through which air flows from and back to the compartment, and the cooling element is positioned in the passageway for cooling the air flowing in thermal relation therewith.
  • This positioning of the cooling element would be objectable in heat-operated refrigeration apparatus, because the cooling element would be removed from the compartment and could not be employed eiliciently for cooling the compartment if the fan motor should become inoperable.
  • the object of my invention is to provide an improvement for cooling a refrigerator compartment whereby air will be. circulated by forced draft over a cooling'eleinent by a motor-driven fan when the fan motor is operable, and, if the fan motor should become inoperable because of the failure of the source of electrical supply the cooling element is employed to induce natural circulation of air in thermal relation therewith.
  • FIG. l is a front elevation, partly broken away, of a refrigerator embodying my invention, the front doors being omitted to simplify the drawing;
  • FIG. 2 is a side view, partly in section, of the refrigerator shown in FIG. l;
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 are views similar to FIGS. 1 and 2, respectively, to illustrate the operation of the refrigerator moreV clearly; i
  • FIG. 5 is a front elevation of an evaporator or cooling element of the form illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4, inclusive; Y
  • FIG. 6 is a top plan view of the evaporator or cooling element shown in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a fragmentary perspective View of details shown in FIGS. l and 2;
  • FIG. 8 is a fragmentary sectional view taken at line 8--3 of FIG. 1.V
  • FIGS. l and 2 I have shown my invention embodied in a household refrigerator comprising a cabi- ICC net 1t) having inner shells 11 and 12 supported one above the other within an outer shell 14 and insulated therefrom and from one another with any suitable insulating material 15.
  • the insulation between the inner shells 11 and 12 and the shell walls against which it bears defines a horizontal partition 16 which thermally segregates top and bottom compartments 17 and 18 dened by the inner shells 11 and 12, respectively.
  • the top compartment 17 serves as a thermally insulated freezer space and the bottom compartment 18 as a space for storing foods at a higher temperature than that inthe top compartment 17 and preferably at a temperature above 32 F. Access to the top and bottom compartments 17 and 18 is afforded at front openings which are adapted to be closed by insulated doors 19 and 20 hinged in any suitable manner (not shown) at the front of the cabinet 10.
  • the top freezer space 17 is arranged to be cooled by a cooling element or evaporator 21 and the bottom food storage space 1S is arranged to be cooled byV a cooling element or evaporator 22.
  • the cooling elements 21 and 22 desirably form low and higher temperature sections of a cooling unit of refrigeration apparatus of any suitable type.
  • the refrigeration apparatus may be of a uniform pressure absorption type, generally as described in my United States Letters Patent No. 2,635,437, granted April 21, 1953.
  • the cooling elements 21 and 22 are connected by conduits (not shown) to other parts of the refrigeration apparatus 23 at the rear of the cabinet 10.
  • Parts of the refrigeration apparatus have been ommitted and other parts, like the generator 24 and condenser 2S, have been shown only diagrammatically, a complete illustration of the apparatus not being necessary for an understanding of my invention.
  • Parts of refrigeration apparatus of the absorption type usually are formed of iron or steel when ammonia and water are employed as the refrigerant and liquid absorbent, respectively.
  • the piping for the cooling elements 21 and 22, which form a unitary part of the refrigeration apparatus 23 may be formed ofV ferrous metal also.
  • the rear wall of the cabinet 10 is formed with an opening through which the cooling elements 21 and 22 are inserted into the interior of the cabinet 10, such opening being closed by an insulated closure member 26 removably secured to the cabinet in any suitable manner and through which extend the conduits (not shown) connecting the cooling elements 21 and 22 and other parts of the refrigeration apparatus 23.
  • a frame (not shown) may be provided at the rear of cabinet 10 upon which the refrigeration apparatus 23 is mounted.
  • the refrigeration apparatus is adapted to be operated by a suitable source of heat, such as a fluid fuel burner 27, which is arranged to project its ame into the lower end of a liue 28 extending through the generator 24.
  • a drain pan 29 is provided in the bottom of the inner liner 11 below the cooling element 21 for collecting water dripping therefrom, as during defrosting, for example.
  • the water drains from pan 29 through a tube 30 having a attended lower end 31 disposed above asecond drain pan 32 mounted in any suitable manner below the cooling element 22.
  • 'Water in pan 32 iiows therefrom by gravity through a conduit 33 extending through the rear wall of the cabinet 10 and is discharged into a pan or collecting vessel 34 in good heat conductive relation with a heated conduit 35 of the refrigeration apparatus. With this arrangement, water collected in vessel 34, as during defrosting, is effectively evaporated.
  • the flattened lower end 31 of tube 30, which is normally closed to seal the top and bottom compartments 17 and 18 from one another, may be. formed of soft resilient material like rubber, for example.
  • the soft resilient material yields to the force developed by the liquid columnand .
  • the lower end 31 of the drain tube opens to allow water to pass therethrough during periods when defrosting is being effected, for example, and the temperature at the immediate vicinity of the drain tube is above 32 F.
  • Each of the cooling elements 21 and 22 is in the form of a looped coil into which a refrigerant fluid, such as ammonia, is introduced for downward flow therethrough.
  • the refrigerant evaporates in the cooling elements into an inert gas, such as hydrogen, to produce a refrigerating effect.
  • the cooling elements are similar, cooling element 21 including two parallel banks 21a and 2lb of essentially straight tubes disposed one above the other, the tubes in the banks 21a and 2lb dipping downward slightly in opposite directions from the horizontal.
  • the tube banks 21a and 2lb which are spaced from one another, form a vertical passage 36 therebetween.
  • the ends of the tubes in the tube banks are connected by U-bends, the lower end of each tube in one tube bank being connected to the upper end of a tube in the other tube bank to provide a continuously elongated path of flow for the refrigerant uid.
  • the bottoms of the tubes in each tube bank are indented at spaced intervals at 37 whereby shallow pools of refrigerant can form in its downward path of flow through the coil.
  • the cooling elements 21 and 22 are disposed in the rear of the compartments 17 and 18 and are employed to cool air flowing in thermal transfer relation therewith.
  • the straight tubes of the tube banks of the cooling elements are fnless, the looped coil of each cooling element is of adequate length and of sufficient size to provide a relatively extensive heat transfer surface that is sufficient to cool air in thecompartments 21 and 22 in a manner which will be described presently.
  • the cooling elements 21 and 22 are concealed from View by the front imperforate walls 38a, 39a and spaced end walls 38h, 39b and 38C, 39e of three-sided casings 38, 39.
  • the front casing Walls 38a, 39a may either be spaced from or heat conductively connected to the tube banks of the cooling elements 21, 22 which are closely adjacent thereto.
  • Suitable fans 40, 41 having air inlets 40a, 41a and air outlets 4011. 41b are provided for circulating air in the compartments 17 and 18 by forced draft.
  • the fans 40, 41 are disposed outside the passageways 38d, 39d at the rear of the compartments 17, 18 and are arranged to be driven by electric' motors which may be located either in the insulated closure member 26 or at the rear of the cabinet 10.
  • an electric motor 42 connected by a shaft 43 to drive the fan 40 is mounted in any suitable manner within the closure member 26, and an electric motor 44 connected by a shaft 45 to drive the fan 41 is mounted in any suitable manner to the rear wall of the closure member 26 outside the cabinet 10.
  • the motors 42 and 44 may both be located within the closure member 26 or outside the cabinet 10.
  • the electrical motors 42 and 44 are respectively connected to c onductors 60 by conductors 42a and 44a, the conductors 60 in turn being connected to a suitable source of electrical supply.
  • cooling elements 21, 22 form the cooling unit of refrigeration apparatus which may be operated by a source of heat like the fluid fuel burner 27, and that the fans 40, 41, which circulate air by forced draft in the compartments 17, 18, are driven bythe electric motors 42, 44. If the source of electrical supply should become unavailable for driving the fan motors 42, 44, normal operation of the refrigeration apparatus still can be effected by the iluid fuel burner 27 to maintain the cooling elements 21, 22 at their desired low temperatures.
  • the cooling elements 21, 22 and casings 38, 39 and fans 40, 41 are related to one another in such manner that the air will be circulated by forced draft over the cooling elements 21, 22 by the fans 40, 41 when the fan motors 42, 44 are operable to promote cooling of the compartments 17, 18; and, if the fan motors 42, 44 should become inoperable because of the failure of the source of electrical supply, the cooling elements 21, 22 can be employed ito induce natural circulation of the air in thermal relation therewith to promote cooling of the compartments 17, 18.
  • the air outlets 40b, 41b of the fans 40, 41 are connected to the casing end walls 38b, 39b in communication with openings therein, one of which is shown in FIG. 7 at 38e.
  • the end walls 38]?, 39b are imperforate except for the openings to which the fan air outlets 4011, 4111 are connected, such openings being closely adjacent to the top edges of the end walls.
  • the front walls 38a, 39a are imperforate whereas the end walls 38C, 39C removed from the fans 40, 41 are provided with elongated slots 46.
  • the casing 38 is also provided with a top wall 38f having elongated slots 47.
  • the casing 38 is open at the bottom at 48, and the casing 39 is open at both the top and bottom at 49 and 50, respectively.
  • successive turns of the looped cooling element coils 21 and 22 lare longitudinally displaced or offset with respect to one another, as indicated at 51, 52, 53 and 54 in FIG. 5.
  • openings are formed between adjacent turns at the ends of the coils, as indicated at 55 and 56 in FIG. 6.
  • the end openings 55 and 56 of the coils provide a multiplicity of paths of ow for circulating air so that air will flow in intimate physical contact with all surface regions of the cooling elements or coils 21 and 22.
  • the fact that the coils 21 and 22 are finless does not impair their ability to effect efficient cooling of air, because the openings 55 and 56 at the ends of the coils serve as inlet and outlet openings to allow the high velocity air discharged from the fans 40 and 41 to enter and leave the vertical passages within the coils, one of which is shown at 36 in FIG. 6.
  • Cool air is discharged from the casing 38 through the openings 46 in end wall 38e, openings 47 in top wall 381, and from the bottom opening 48, as indicated by the arrows in FIGS. l, 2 and 7.
  • Cool air is discharged from the casing 39 through openings in the end wall 39C and from the top and bottom openings 49 and 50, respectively, as indicated by the arrows in FIGS. l and 2.
  • the cooling elements 21, 22 can be employed to induce natural circulation of air in the compartments 17, 18. Air cooled by thermal transfer with the cooling elements 21, 22 flows downward in the compartments 17, 18 from the bottom openings 48, 50 to replace warmer air which flows upward and enters the casing 38 through the openings 47 in its top wall 38], and enters the casing 39 through its top opening 49.
  • This natural circulation of air which is indicated by the arrows in FIGS. 3 and 4, is due to the difference in specific weights of air at different temperatures. It will be observed that under this operating condition the fans 40, 41 are out of the path of flow of the air in the passages 38d, 39d in the casings 38, 39.
  • the cooling elements Z1, 22 can be employed to effect cooling of compartments 17, 18 by inducing natural draft circulation of air therein. While natural draft circulation is not as effective as the forced draft circulation of air provided by the fan motors 42, 44, adequate cooling of the compartments is promoted to prevent food spoilage even if the fan motors 42, 44 should remain inoperable for relatively long periods of time.
  • the front walls 38a, 39a of the casiugs 38, 39 may be formed with openings if desired.
  • the closure member 26 at the rear insulated wall of the cabinet may be formed with recesses at its inner wall surface in which the cooling elements 21, 22 may be positioned. With such arangement, the cooling elements Z1, 22 will occupy less space in the compartment 17, 18. It will be observed in the preferred embodiment that the overall depth of the refrigeration apparatus is not unduly great.
  • heatoperated refrigeration apparatus comprising a cooling element disposed in the passageway, means including a motor-driven fan outside of the passageway having an air inlet in communication with the interior of the cabinet at a region removed from the first opening for withdrawing air from the cabinet interior and an air outlet in communication with the passageway for discharging the air over the cooling element in contact therewith and inducing forced circulation of cooled air in the interior of the cabinet, means for connecting the motor-driven fan to a source of electrical supply, the heat-operated refrigeration apparatus being operable when the motordriven fan is inoperable due to failure of the source of electrical supply, and the passageway structure and cooling element therein functioning to induce natural circulation of air in the interior of the cabinet responsive to cessation of operation
  • a refrigerator as set forth in ⁇ claim l in which the air outlet of the fan is in communication with the passageway by a connection whereby all of the air discharged from the fan is introduced into the passageway at a region above the first opening.
  • a refrigerator as set forth in claim 1 in which the outlet of the fan is constructed and arranged to discharge air therefrom in an essentially horizontally extending direction across the passageway at a level above the first opening thereof.
  • a refrigerator as set forth in claim 1 which includes thermally insulated walls defining a compartment forming the thermally insulated interior, the thermally insulated walls including a rear wall and lateral side walls,
  • the cooling element extending horizontally between the lateral side walls adjacent to the rear wall, the outlet of the fan being constructed and arranged to discharge air therefrom in an essentially horizontal direction across the passageway in contact with the cooling element, and the structure defining the passageway being apertured at the region toward which air is horizontally discharged across the passageway whereby circulation of air is induced by forced draft in the cabinet interior with air flowing through the apertured region and both the first and second openings of the passageway.
  • a refrigerator as set forth in claim 4 in which the cooling element comprises a plurality of banks of tubes spaced from one another, said tubes extending horizontally across the passageway, the tubes of adjacent banks being inclined downward in opposite directions from the horizontal whereby air flowing over the tubes is divided into a multiplicity of paths of ow in intimate contact with the tubes.
  • cooling element comprises a looped coil having essentially straight portions and connecting bends defining a vertically extending passage, the straight portions extending across the passageway, and successive turns of the coil being staggered or offset with respect to one another lengthwise of the straight portions to form openings between adjacent turns at the connecting bends to promote movement of air into and from the passage within the looped coil during its fiow across the passageway from the fan outlet.
  • a refrigerator as set forth in claim 1 which includes thermally insulated walls having an inner liner defining a compartment forming the thermally insulated interior, the cooling element comprising a looped coil disposed adjacent to the liner, the passageway being formed by a casing mounted on the liner about the cooling element, the casing having a front wall and end walls, the fan outlet being connected to one Vend wall at an opening therein, the opposite end wall of the casing being apertured, and the casing having openings at the top and bottom serving as the first and second openings of the passageway.
  • heatoperated absorption refrigeration apparatus comprising a plurality of parts including a heat receiving part and a cooling element in which refrigerant fluid evaporates in the presence of an inert gas, means including a fluid fuel burner for heating the heat receiving part, the cooling element being disposed in the passageway, means including a fan outside the passageway having an air inlet in Colnmunication with the interior of the cabinet at a region removed from the first opening for withdrawing air from the cabinet interior and an air outlet in communication with the passageway for discharging the air over the cooling element in contact therewith and inducing forced circulation of cooled air in the interior of the cabinet, an electric motor for driving the fan, means for connecting the fan motor to a source of electrical supply, the
  • a refrigerator as set forth in claim 8 in which the parts of the refrigeration apparatus are essentially irnmovable with respect to one another and one of the thermally insulated walls is formed with an opening through which the cooling element is insertable into and removable from the compartment, a thermally insulated closure member for closing the opening, the closure member forming a unitary part of the refrigeration apparatus,
  • the passageway structure including a casing mounted on the inner surface of the closure member about the cooling element, and the top and bottom of the casing having openings serving as the rst and second openings of the passageway.
  • heat-'operated absorption refrigeration apparatus comprising a heat receiving part and rst and second cooling elements in which refrigerant fluid evaporates in the presence of an inert gas, means including a fluid fuel burner for heatingthe heat receiving part, each cooling element being disposed in a different one of the passageways, meansincluding fans outside thev passageways each having an air inlet in communication with a different one of the compantments for withdrawing air therefrom and an'air outlet incommunication with a different one of the passageways for discharging air over the cooling element therein and independently inducing forced circulation of cooled air in the compartments, the air inlet of the fan in each compartment being at a region

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cold Air Circulating Systems And Constructional Details In Refrigerators (AREA)

Description

June 2, 1964 H. M. ULLSTRAND 3,135,102
FORCED AND NATURAL DRAFT COOLING ARRANGEMENT FOR REFRIGERATOR Filed March 2, 1962 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 F/GJ I NVEN TOR.
@ATTORNEY Juney 2, 1964 H. M. ULLSTRAND FORCED AND NATURAL DRAFT COOLING ARRANGEMEJNT FOR RFRIGERATOR 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 2, 1962 INVENTOR. @ma
@ATTORNEY June 2, 1964 H. M. ULLSTRAND 3,135,102
FORCED AND NATURAL. DRAFT COOLING ARRANGEMENT FOR REFRIGERATOR Filed March 2, 1962 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR.
,wfmfw ff@ June 2, 1964 H, M, ULLSTRAND 3,135,102
FORCED AND NATURAL DRAFT COOLING ARRANGEMENT FOR REFRIGERATOR Filed March '2, 1962 4 sheets-shed 4 INVENTOR.
A; ATTORNEY l United States Patent 3,135,102 FRCED AND NATURAL DRAFT COOLING AGEMENT FR REFRIGERATOR Hugo Malcolm Ullstrand, Stockholm, Sweden, assignor to Alrtiebolaget Electrolux, Stockholm, Sweden, a corporation of Sweden Filed Mar. 2, 1962, Ser. No. 176,959 Claims priority, application Sweden Mar. 3, 1961 10 Claims. (Cl. 62-419) My invention relates to refrigeration, and more particularly concerns cooling of the thermally insulated interior of a refrigerator by forced and natural draft circulation of air.
It has been the practice heretofore to effect cooling of a thermally insulated compartment of a refrigerator by circulating air in thermal relation with a cooling element by forced draft with the aid of a fan, so that the temperature developed in the storage compartment will approach the temperature of the cooling element. The cooling element may form a part of refrigeration apparatus operated by a source of heat like a fluid fuel burner, for example, and the fan arranged to be driven by an electric motor. If the source of electrical supply should become unavailable for driving a` fan motor in refrigeration apparatus of the heat-operated type, the apparatus still will operate normally to maintain the cooling element at its desired low temperature.
The fan for circulating air by forced draft often is located exteriorly of the storage compartment in a passageway through which air flows from and back to the compartment, and the cooling element is positioned in the passageway for cooling the air flowing in thermal relation therewith. This positioning of the cooling element would be objectable in heat-operated refrigeration apparatus, because the cooling element would be removed from the compartment and could not be employed eiliciently for cooling the compartment if the fan motor should become inoperable.
The object of my invention is to provide an improvement for cooling a refrigerator compartment whereby air will be. circulated by forced draft over a cooling'eleinent by a motor-driven fan when the fan motor is operable, and, if the fan motor should become inoperable because of the failure of the source of electrical supply the cooling element is employed to induce natural circulation of air in thermal relation therewith.
The invention, together with the above and other 0bjects and advantages thereof, will be more fully understood from the following description and accompanying drawings forming a partA of this specification, and in which:
FIG. l is a front elevation, partly broken away, of a refrigerator embodying my invention, the front doors being omitted to simplify the drawing;
FIG. 2 is a side view, partly in section, of the refrigerator shown in FIG. l;
. FIGS. 3 and 4 are views similar to FIGS. 1 and 2, respectively, to illustrate the operation of the refrigerator moreV clearly; i
FIG. 5 is a front elevation of an evaporator or cooling element of the form illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4, inclusive; Y
FIG. 6 is a top plan view of the evaporator or cooling element shown in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a fragmentary perspective View of details shown in FIGS. l and 2; and
FIG. 8 is a fragmentary sectional view taken at line 8--3 of FIG. 1.V
Referring to FIGS. l and 2, I have shown my invention embodied in a household refrigerator comprising a cabi- ICC net 1t) having inner shells 11 and 12 supported one above the other within an outer shell 14 and insulated therefrom and from one another with any suitable insulating material 15. The insulation between the inner shells 11 and 12 and the shell walls against which it bears defines a horizontal partition 16 which thermally segregates top and bottom compartments 17 and 18 dened by the inner shells 11 and 12, respectively.
The top compartment 17 serves as a thermally insulated freezer space and the bottom compartment 18 as a space for storing foods at a higher temperature than that inthe top compartment 17 and preferably at a temperature above 32 F. Access to the top and bottom compartments 17 and 18 is afforded at front openings which are adapted to be closed by insulated doors 19 and 20 hinged in any suitable manner (not shown) at the front of the cabinet 10.
The top freezer space 17 is arranged to be cooled by a cooling element or evaporator 21 and the bottom food storage space 1S is arranged to be cooled byV a cooling element or evaporator 22. The cooling elements 21 and 22 desirably form low and higher temperature sections of a cooling unit of refrigeration apparatus of any suitable type. As shown, the refrigeration apparatus may be of a uniform pressure absorption type, generally as described in my United States Letters Patent No. 2,635,437, granted April 21, 1953. In apparatus of this type, the cooling elements 21 and 22 are connected by conduits (not shown) to other parts of the refrigeration apparatus 23 at the rear of the cabinet 10. Parts of the refrigeration apparatus have been ommitted and other parts, like the generator 24 and condenser 2S, have been shown only diagrammatically, a complete illustration of the apparatus not being necessary for an understanding of my invention.
Parts of refrigeration apparatus of the absorption type, whose relative positions are substantially fixed, usually are formed of iron or steel when ammonia and water are employed as the refrigerant and liquid absorbent, respectively. Accordingly, the piping for the cooling elements 21 and 22, which form a unitary part of the refrigeration apparatus 23, may be formed ofV ferrous metal also. The rear wall of the cabinet 10 is formed with an opening through which the cooling elements 21 and 22 are inserted into the interior of the cabinet 10, such opening being closed by an insulated closure member 26 removably secured to the cabinet in any suitable manner and through which extend the conduits (not shown) connecting the cooling elements 21 and 22 and other parts of the refrigeration apparatus 23. A frame (not shown) may be provided at the rear of cabinet 10 upon which the refrigeration apparatus 23 is mounted. The refrigeration apparatus is adapted to be operated by a suitable source of heat, such as a fluid fuel burner 27, which is arranged to project its ame into the lower end of a liue 28 extending through the generator 24.
A drain pan 29 is provided in the bottom of the inner liner 11 below the cooling element 21 for collecting water dripping therefrom, as during defrosting, for example. The water drains from pan 29 through a tube 30 having a attended lower end 31 disposed above asecond drain pan 32 mounted in any suitable manner below the cooling element 22. 'Water in pan 32 iiows therefrom by gravity through a conduit 33 extending through the rear wall of the cabinet 10 and is discharged into a pan or collecting vessel 34 in good heat conductive relation with a heated conduit 35 of the refrigeration apparatus. With this arrangement, water collected in vessel 34, as during defrosting, is effectively evaporated.
The flattened lower end 31 of tube 30, which is normally closed to seal the top and bottom compartments 17 and 18 from one another, may be. formed of soft resilient material like rubber, for example. When the liquid head in the tube 30 becomes sufficiently great, the soft resilient material yields to the force developed by the liquid columnand .the lower end 31 of the drain tube opens to allow water to pass therethrough during periods when defrosting is being effected, for example, and the temperature at the immediate vicinity of the drain tube is above 32 F.
Each of the cooling elements 21 and 22 is in the form of a looped coil into which a refrigerant fluid, such as ammonia, is introduced for downward flow therethrough. The refrigerant evaporates in the cooling elements into an inert gas, such as hydrogen, to produce a refrigerating effect. The cooling elements are similar, cooling element 21 including two parallel banks 21a and 2lb of essentially straight tubes disposed one above the other, the tubes in the banks 21a and 2lb dipping downward slightly in opposite directions from the horizontal. The tube banks 21a and 2lb, which are spaced from one another, form a vertical passage 36 therebetween. The ends of the tubes in the tube banks are connected by U-bends, the lower end of each tube in one tube bank being connected to the upper end of a tube in the other tube bank to provide a continuously elongated path of flow for the refrigerant uid. As seen in FIG. 5, the bottoms of the tubes in each tube bank are indented at spaced intervals at 37 whereby shallow pools of refrigerant can form in its downward path of flow through the coil. It will be observed in FIG. that vertically extending planes perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of the straight tubes in the two tube banks 21a and 2lb are inclined at acute angles in opposite directions from the same given vertical plane.
The cooling elements 21 and 22 are disposed in the rear of the compartments 17 and 18 and are employed to cool air flowing in thermal transfer relation therewith. Although the straight tubes of the tube banks of the cooling elements are fnless, the looped coil of each cooling element is of adequate length and of sufficient size to provide a relatively extensive heat transfer surface that is sufficient to cool air in thecompartments 21 and 22 in a manner which will be described presently.
The cooling elements 21 and 22 are concealed from View by the front imperforate walls 38a, 39a and spaced end walls 38h, 39b and 38C, 39e of three- sided casings 38, 39. The three- sided casings 38 and 39, together with the rear walls of the inner shells 11 and 12, define vertically extending passages 38d, 39d in which the cooling elements 21 and 22 are disposed. The front casing Walls 38a, 39a may either be spaced from or heat conductively connected to the tube banks of the cooling elements 21, 22 which are closely adjacent thereto.
Suitable fans 40, 41 having air inlets 40a, 41a and air outlets 4011. 41b are provided for circulating air in the compartments 17 and 18 by forced draft. The fans 40, 41 are disposed outside the passageways 38d, 39d at the rear of the compartments 17, 18 and are arranged to be driven by electric' motors which may be located either in the insulated closure member 26 or at the rear of the cabinet 10. As seen in FIG. 8, an electric motor 42 connected by a shaft 43 to drive the fan 40 is mounted in any suitable manner within the closure member 26, and an electric motor 44 connected by a shaft 45 to drive the fan 41 is mounted in any suitable manner to the rear wall of the closure member 26 outside the cabinet 10. If desired, the motors 42 and 44 may both be located within the closure member 26 or outside the cabinet 10. As seen in FIG. 8, the electrical motors 42 and 44 are respectively connected to c onductors 60 by conductors 42a and 44a, the conductors 60 in turn being connected to a suitable source of electrical supply.
It will now be understood that the cooling elements 21, 22 form the cooling unit of refrigeration apparatus which may be operated by a source of heat like the fluid fuel burner 27, and that the fans 40, 41, which circulate air by forced draft in the compartments 17, 18, are driven bythe electric motors 42, 44. If the source of electrical supply should become unavailable for driving the fan motors 42, 44, normal operation of the refrigeration apparatus still can be effected by the iluid fuel burner 27 to maintain the cooling elements 21, 22 at their desired low temperatures.
In Vaccordance with my invention, the cooling elements 21, 22 and casings 38, 39 and fans 40, 41 are related to one another in such manner that the air will be circulated by forced draft over the cooling elements 21, 22 by the fans 40, 41 when the fan motors 42, 44 are operable to promote cooling of the compartments 17, 18; and, if the fan motors 42, 44 should become inoperable because of the failure of the source of electrical supply, the cooling elements 21, 22 can be employed ito induce natural circulation of the air in thermal relation therewith to promote cooling of the compartments 17, 18.
Referring to FIGS. 1 and 7, the air outlets 40b, 41b of the fans 40, 41 are connected to the casing end walls 38b, 39b in communication with openings therein, one of which is shown in FIG. 7 at 38e. The end walls 38]?, 39b are imperforate except for the openings to which the fan air outlets 4011, 4111 are connected, such openings being closely adjacent to the top edges of the end walls. The front walls 38a, 39a are imperforate whereas the end walls 38C, 39C removed from the fans 40, 41 are provided with elongated slots 46. The casing 38 is also provided with a top wall 38f having elongated slots 47. The casing 38 is open at the bottom at 48, and the casing 39 is open at both the top and bottom at 49 and 50, respectively.
When the fans 40 and 41 are being operated, air in the compartments 17, 18 is drawn into the fan inlets 40a, 41a at regions which are removed from the bottom openings 48, 5t) of the passageways 38d, 39d. The air is discharged at a higher pressure from the fan outlets 4Gb, 41b into the casings 38, 39 at regions above the bottom openings of the passageways 38d, 39d. The air introduced at a relatively high velocity into the casings 38, 39 flows horizontally across the compartments 17, 18 in thermal relation with the spaced tube banks 21a and 2lb, the inclination of the two tube banks at acute angles in opposite directions from the same given vertical plane functioning to stir and promote e'icient cooling of the air. Further, successive turns of the looped cooling element coils 21 and 22 lare longitudinally displaced or offset with respect to one another, as indicated at 51, 52, 53 and 54 in FIG. 5. With this coil construction, openings are formed between adjacent turns at the ends of the coils, as indicated at 55 and 56 in FIG. 6. The end openings 55 and 56 of the coils provide a multiplicity of paths of ow for circulating air so that air will flow in intimate physical contact with all surface regions of the cooling elements or coils 21 and 22.
With this construction, the fact that the coils 21 and 22 are finless does not impair their ability to effect efficient cooling of air, because the openings 55 and 56 at the ends of the coils serve as inlet and outlet openings to allow the high velocity air discharged from the fans 40 and 41 to enter and leave the vertical passages within the coils, one of which is shown at 36 in FIG. 6. Cool airis discharged from the casing 38 through the openings 46 in end wall 38e, openings 47 in top wall 381, and from the bottom opening 48, as indicated by the arrows in FIGS. l, 2 and 7. Cool air is discharged from the casing 39 through openings in the end wall 39C and from the top and bottom openings 49 and 50, respectively, as indicated by the arrows in FIGS. l and 2.
If the fan motors 42, 44 should become inoperable because of failure of the source of electrical supply, the cooling elements 21, 22 can be employed to induce natural circulation of air in the compartments 17, 18. Air cooled by thermal transfer with the cooling elements 21, 22 flows downward in the compartments 17, 18 from the bottom openings 48, 50 to replace warmer air which flows upward and enters the casing 38 through the openings 47 in its top wall 38], and enters the casing 39 through its top opening 49. This natural circulation of air, which is indicated by the arrows in FIGS. 3 and 4, is due to the difference in specific weights of air at different temperatures. It will be observed that under this operating condition the fans 40, 41 are out of the path of flow of the air in the passages 38d, 39d in the casings 38, 39.
In view of the foregoing, it will now be understood that if the fan motors 42, 44 should become inoperable, the cooling elements Z1, 22 nevertheless can be employed to effect cooling of compartments 17, 18 by inducing natural draft circulation of air therein. While natural draft circulation is not as effective as the forced draft circulation of air provided by the fan motors 42, 44, adequate cooling of the compartments is promoted to prevent food spoilage even if the fan motors 42, 44 should remain inoperable for relatively long periods of time.
Modifications of the embodiment of the invention I have illustrated and described will occur to those skilled in the art, so that I desire my invention not to be limited to the particular varrangement set forth. For example, the front walls 38a, 39a of the casiugs 38, 39 may be formed with openings if desired. Also, the closure member 26 at the rear insulated wall of the cabinet may be formed with recesses at its inner wall surface in which the cooling elements 21, 22 may be positioned. With such arangement, the cooling elements Z1, 22 will occupy less space in the compartment 17, 18. It will be observed in the preferred embodiment that the overall depth of the refrigeration apparatus is not unduly great. This is a distinct advantage in absorption refrigeration apparatus of the kind illustrated and described for the reason that when the cooling unit is relatively near the parts of the refrigeration apparatus outside the cabinet and not laterally offset to a marked degree, crating and shipping problems are simplified. Therefore, I intend in the claims to cover all those modifications which do not depart from the spirit and scope of my invention.
I claim:
l. In a refrigerator including a cabinet having a thermally insulated interior, structure defining a ventically extending passageway having a first opening at a first level and a second opening at a second-higher level, both the first and second openings of the passageway being in communication with the interior lof the cabinet, heatoperated refrigeration apparatus comprising a cooling element disposed in the passageway, means including a motor-driven fan outside of the passageway having an air inlet in communication with the interior of the cabinet at a region removed from the first opening for withdrawing air from the cabinet interior and an air outlet in communication with the passageway for discharging the air over the cooling element in contact therewith and inducing forced circulation of cooled air in the interior of the cabinet, means for connecting the motor-driven fan to a source of electrical supply, the heat-operated refrigeration apparatus being operable when the motordriven fan is inoperable due to failure of the source of electrical supply, and the passageway structure and cooling element therein functioning to induce natural circulation of air in the interior of the cabinet responsive to cessation of operation of the motor-driven fan.
2. A refrigerator as set forth in` claim l in which the air outlet of the fan is in communication with the passageway by a connection whereby all of the air discharged from the fan is introduced into the passageway at a region above the first opening.
3. A refrigerator as set forth in claim 1 in which the outlet of the fan is constructed and arranged to discharge air therefrom in an essentially horizontally extending direction across the passageway at a level above the first opening thereof.
4. A refrigerator as set forth in claim 1 which includes thermally insulated walls defining a compartment forming the thermally insulated interior, the thermally insulated walls including a rear wall and lateral side walls,
the cooling element extending horizontally between the lateral side walls adjacent to the rear wall, the outlet of the fan being constructed and arranged to discharge air therefrom in an essentially horizontal direction across the passageway in contact with the cooling element, and the structure defining the passageway being apertured at the region toward which air is horizontally discharged across the passageway whereby circulation of air is induced by forced draft in the cabinet interior with air flowing through the apertured region and both the first and second openings of the passageway.
5. A refrigerator as set forth in claim 4 in which the cooling element comprises a plurality of banks of tubes spaced from one another, said tubes extending horizontally across the passageway, the tubes of adjacent banks being inclined downward in opposite directions from the horizontal whereby air flowing over the tubes is divided into a multiplicity of paths of ow in intimate contact with the tubes.
6. A refrigerator as set forth in claim 4 in which the cooling element comprises a looped coil having essentially straight portions and connecting bends defining a vertically extending passage, the straight portions extending across the passageway, and successive turns of the coil being staggered or offset with respect to one another lengthwise of the straight portions to form openings between adjacent turns at the connecting bends to promote movement of air into and from the passage within the looped coil during its fiow across the passageway from the fan outlet.
7. A refrigerator as set forth in claim 1 which includes thermally insulated walls having an inner liner defining a compartment forming the thermally insulated interior, the cooling element comprising a looped coil disposed adjacent to the liner, the passageway being formed by a casing mounted on the liner about the cooling element, the casing having a front wall and end walls, the fan outlet being connected to one Vend wall at an opening therein, the opposite end wall of the casing being apertured, and the casing having openings at the top and bottom serving as the first and second openings of the passageway.
8. In a refrigerator including a cabinet having a therrnally insulated interior, structure defining a vertically extending passageway having a first opening at a first level and a second opening at a second higher level, both the rst and second openings of the passageway being in communication with the interior of the cabinet, heatoperated absorption refrigeration apparatus comprising a plurality of parts including a heat receiving part and a cooling element in which refrigerant fluid evaporates in the presence of an inert gas, means including a fluid fuel burner for heating the heat receiving part, the cooling element being disposed in the passageway, means including a fan outside the passageway having an air inlet in Colnmunication with the interior of the cabinet at a region removed from the first opening for withdrawing air from the cabinet interior and an air outlet in communication with the passageway for discharging the air over the cooling element in contact therewith and inducing forced circulation of cooled air in the interior of the cabinet, an electric motor for driving the fan, means for connecting the fan motor to a source of electrical supply, the heat operated absorption refrigeration apparatus being operable when the fan motor is inoperable due to failure of the source of electrical supply, and the passageway structure and cooling element therein functioning to induce natural circulation of air in the interior of the cabinet responsive to cessation of operation of the electric motor.
9. A refrigerator as set forth in claim 8 in which the parts of the refrigeration apparatus are essentially irnmovable with respect to one another and one of the thermally insulated walls is formed with an opening through which the cooling element is insertable into and removable from the compartment, a thermally insulated closure member for closing the opening, the closure member forming a unitary part of the refrigeration apparatus,
the passageway structure including a casing mounted on the inner surface of the closure member about the cooling element, and the top and bottom of the casing having openings serving as the rst and second openings of the passageway.
10. In a refrigerator including a cabinet having a plurality of thermally insulated compartments one above the other, structure in each compartment dening a vertically extending passageway having a first opening at a rst level and a second opening at a second higher level, both the rst and second openings of each passageway being in communication with the compartment in which it is located, heat-'operated absorption refrigeration apparatus comprising a heat receiving part and rst and second cooling elements in which refrigerant fluid evaporates in the presence of an inert gas, means including a fluid fuel burner for heatingthe heat receiving part, each cooling element being disposed in a different one of the passageways, meansincluding fans outside thev passageways each having an air inlet in communication with a different one of the compantments for withdrawing air therefrom and an'air outlet incommunication with a different one of the passageways for discharging air over the cooling element therein and independently inducing forced circulation of cooled air in the compartments, the air inlet of the fan in each compartment being at a region removed from the rst opening of the passageway therein,l an electric motor for driving each fan, means for connecting the fan motors fto a source of electrical supply, the heat-operated absorption refrigeration apparatus being operable when the fan motors are inoperable due to failure of the source of electrical supply, and the passageway structure and cooling element in each compartment functioning to induce natural circulation of air therein responsive to cessation of operation of the electric motors.
References Cited in the leof this patent i UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,285,945 Rundell June 9, 1942 2,310,875 Siedle Feb. 9, 1943 2,597,813 Piper May 20, 1952 2,982,115 Wurtz et al. May 2, 1961 3,004,400 Mann etal. Oct. 17, 1961

Claims (1)

1. IN A REFRIGERATOR INCLUDING A CABINET HAVING A THERMALLY INSULATED INTERIOR, STRUCTURE DEFINING A VERTICALLY EXTENDING PASSAGEWAY HAVING A FIRST OPENING AT A FIRST LEVEL AND A SECOND OPENING AT A SECOND HIGHER LEVEL, BOTH THE FIRST AND SECOND OPENINGS OF THE PASSAGEWAY BEING IN COMMUNICATION WITH THE INTERIOR OF THE CABINET, HEATOPERATED REFRIGERATION APPARATUS COMPRISING A COOLING ELEMENT DISPOSED IN THE PASSAGEWAY, MEANS INCLUDING A MOTOR-DRIVEN FAN OUTSIDE OF THE PASSAGEWAY HAVING AN AIR INLET IN COMMUNICATION WITH THE INTERIOR OF THE CABINET AT A REGION REMOVED FROM THE FIRST OPENING FOR WITHDRAWING AIR FROM THE CABINET INTERIOR AND AN AIR OUTLET IN COMMUNICATION WITH THE PASSAGEWAY FOR DISCHARGING THE AIR OVER THE COOLING ELEMENT IN CONTACT THEREWITH AND INDUCING FORCED CIRCULATION OF COOLED AIR IN THE INTERIOR OF THE CABINET, MEANS FOR CONNECTING THE MOTOR-DRIVEN FAN TO A SOURCE OF ELECTRICAL SUPPLY, THE HEAT-OPERATED REFRIGERATION APPARATUS BEING OPERABLE WHEN THE MOTORDRIVEN FAN IS INOPERABLE DUE TO FAILURE OF THE SOURCE OF ELECTRICAL SUPPLY, AND THE PASSAGEWAY STRUCTURE AND COOLING ELEMENT THEREIN FUNCTIONING TO INDUCE NATURAL CIRCULATION OF AIR IN THE INTERIOR OF THE CABINET RESPONSIVE TO CESSATION OF OPERATION OF THE MOTOR-DRIVEN FAN.
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4534410A (en) * 1982-07-12 1985-08-13 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Air cooling type heat exchanger for a refrigerating apparatus accommodated in a container
FR2594217A1 (en) * 1986-02-07 1987-08-14 Armel Louis Improvement of the structure and of the operation of domestic freezers and refrigerators
US4879881A (en) * 1988-09-19 1989-11-14 Madigan Stephen M Energy efficient frost-free refrigerator
FR2647193A1 (en) * 1989-05-17 1990-11-23 Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Refrigerator appliance, particularly upright freezer or the like
EP1243879A3 (en) * 2000-10-20 2003-01-02 "Refrigeracion Y Acondicionamiento Pasivo S.L." System for preservation and transportation of perishable goods and similar ones in thermally isolated chambers or containers
EP2522937A2 (en) * 2011-05-10 2012-11-14 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Evaporation device for a built in cooler, built-in cooler and method for installing a built-in cooler
US20180259239A1 (en) * 2017-03-10 2018-09-13 Lg Electronics Inc. Refrigerator

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US2310875A (en) * 1938-12-31 1943-02-09 Hoover Co Refrigeration
US2597813A (en) * 1948-12-24 1952-05-20 Hoover Co Absorption refrigerating apparatus
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US3004400A (en) * 1960-07-08 1961-10-17 Gen Motors Corp Two compartment frost-free refrigerator

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2310875A (en) * 1938-12-31 1943-02-09 Hoover Co Refrigeration
US2285945A (en) * 1939-09-20 1942-06-09 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Refrigeration apparatus
US2597813A (en) * 1948-12-24 1952-05-20 Hoover Co Absorption refrigerating apparatus
US2982115A (en) * 1958-09-23 1961-05-02 Gen Motors Corp Refrigerating apparatus
US3004400A (en) * 1960-07-08 1961-10-17 Gen Motors Corp Two compartment frost-free refrigerator

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4534410A (en) * 1982-07-12 1985-08-13 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Air cooling type heat exchanger for a refrigerating apparatus accommodated in a container
FR2594217A1 (en) * 1986-02-07 1987-08-14 Armel Louis Improvement of the structure and of the operation of domestic freezers and refrigerators
US4879881A (en) * 1988-09-19 1989-11-14 Madigan Stephen M Energy efficient frost-free refrigerator
WO1990003542A1 (en) * 1988-09-19 1990-04-05 Madigan Stephen M Energy efficient frost-free refrigerator
FR2647193A1 (en) * 1989-05-17 1990-11-23 Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Refrigerator appliance, particularly upright freezer or the like
EP1243879A3 (en) * 2000-10-20 2003-01-02 "Refrigeracion Y Acondicionamiento Pasivo S.L." System for preservation and transportation of perishable goods and similar ones in thermally isolated chambers or containers
EP2522937A2 (en) * 2011-05-10 2012-11-14 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Evaporation device for a built in cooler, built-in cooler and method for installing a built-in cooler
US20180259239A1 (en) * 2017-03-10 2018-09-13 Lg Electronics Inc. Refrigerator
US10955184B2 (en) * 2017-03-10 2021-03-23 Lg Electronics Inc. Refrigerator

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