US3120459A - Composite incendiary powder containing metal coated oxidizing salts - Google Patents
Composite incendiary powder containing metal coated oxidizing salts Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3120459A US3120459A US854520A US85452059A US3120459A US 3120459 A US3120459 A US 3120459A US 854520 A US854520 A US 854520A US 85452059 A US85452059 A US 85452059A US 3120459 A US3120459 A US 3120459A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- aluminum
- containing metal
- powder containing
- metal coated
- oxygen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 title 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical class [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 159000000009 barium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 16
- AXZAYXJCENRGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-J dipotassium;tetrabromoplatinum(2-) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Pt+2] AXZAYXJCENRGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 12
- 229910001487 potassium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXSVTGQIXJXKJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mg].[Ti] Chemical compound [Mg].[Ti] SXSVTGQIXJXKJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OOULUYZFLXDWDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium perchlorate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O OOULUYZFLXDWDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phencyclidine Chemical compound C1CCCCN1C1(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCCCC1 JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012254 powdered material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002760 rocket fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
- C06C15/00—Pyrophoric compositions; Flints
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
- C06B45/18—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising a coated component
- C06B45/30—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising a coated component the component base containing an inorganic explosive or an inorganic thermic component
Definitions
- This invention relates. to a composite type of incendiary powder and the process of preparing same.
- the object of this invention is the production of an incendiary powder by treating a powdered compound containing an excess of oxygen with an exothermic metal to coat the powder with the metallic vapor of the exothermic met-a1.
- potassium perchlorate is chosen for treatment but any of the following also could be used such as sodium perchlomate, barium perchlorate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, barium nitnate, and sodium chlorate.
- Aluminum is the metal chosen as the exothermic metal to coat the powdered oxygen bearing material but it should be noted that magnesium titanium, and alloys of aluminum 'and magnesium can also be used. Such alloys should contain from 3070% aluminum and the bflance magnesium in order to be efiective.
- the deposition of aluminum on potassium perchlorate is accomplished by treating the powdered potassium perchlorate at an ambient pressure of 5x10 of mercury with aluminum vapor obtained by heating aluminum Wire or ribbon with tungsten wire filaments sufiicient to obtain evaporation of the metal.
- the aluminum vapor is deposited on the perchlorate powder in this treatment without decomposing the potassium perchlorate or the compound deprived of any of the excess oxygen which it contains.
- the appearance of the aluminum coated potasium perchlorate is similar to that of aluminum powder.
- the thickness of the aluminum coating is dependent on the time of the exposure of the potassium perchlorate, to the evaporating metal.
- the desirable thickness of aluminum, on 4080 mesh potassium perchlorate, is equivalent to 2 that which results in a product containing from thirty to eighty percent of aluminum by weight. Storage of this coated powder in sealed containers has resulted in negligible variations in the physical properties of the composite incendiary.
- this coated powder may be as an incendiary component, as a solid rocket fuel additive, or as a metal heating powder.
- the liberation of the oxygen in the coated potassium perchlorate can be ac complished by thermal decomposition. If the coated product is introduced to an initiating agent, such as a flame or an electrical impulse, the initiating source causes decomposition of the potassium perchlorate and subsequent reaction or the evolved oxygen and the aluminum metal coating. This reaction becomes self-sustaining after the initiation has been accomplished.
- An incendiary powder consisting essentially of powdered potassium perchlorate having a coating of 30 to 80% by weight of aluminum without loss ot the excess oxygen of the perchlorate.
- An incendiary powder consisting essentially of a powdered potassium perchlorate having a coating of 30 to 80% by weight of magnesium without loss of the excess oxygen of the perchlorate.
- An incendiary powder consisting essentially of a powdered potassium perchlorate having a coating of 30 to 80% by weight of titanium without loss of the excess oxygen or the perchlorate.
- An incendiary powder consisting essentially of a powdered oxygen-containing compound selected from the group consisting of potassium, sodium and barium salts of chlorates, perchlorates and nitrates having a coating of 30 to 80% by weight of an exothenmic metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, magnesium, titanium and a magnesium aluminum alloy containing 30 to percent aluminum.
- An incendiary powder consisting essentially of 40 to mesh powdered potassium perchlorate having a coating of aluminum without loss of the excess oxygen content of the perchlorate and containing 30 to 80 percent by weight of aluminum.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Description
United States Patent ()iiicc 3,120,459 Fatented Feb. 4, 1964 3,120,459 COMPUSHTE ENCENDKARY PlDWBER CONTAINiNG METAL COATED (DXHDHZHNG SALTS Arthur D. Coates and Edward 0. Baicy, Aberdeen, Md, assignors to the United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Army No Drawing. Filed Nov. 28, 1959, tier. No. 854,520 5 Claims. (Cl. 149-5) (Granted under Title 35, US. (lode (1952), sec. 266) The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or for the government for governmental purposes without payment to me of any royalty thereon.
This invention relates. to a composite type of incendiary powder and the process of preparing same.
The object of this invention is the production of an incendiary powder by treating a powdered compound containing an excess of oxygen with an exothermic metal to coat the powder with the metallic vapor of the exothermic met-a1.
It is a further object to employ only solid oxygen bearing materials that contain an excess of oxygen or one that liberates free oxygen when heated.
It is a still further object to coat the solid oxygen hearing material with an exothermic metal, Without decomposition of the powdered material, or the loss of any of the excess oxygen.
From the supply of solid oxygen bearing materials, potassium perchlorate is chosen for treatment but any of the following also could be used such as sodium perchlomate, barium perchlorate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, barium nitnate, and sodium chlorate.
Aluminum is the metal chosen as the exothermic metal to coat the powdered oxygen bearing material but it should be noted that magnesium titanium, and alloys of aluminum 'and magnesium can also be used. Such alloys should contain from 3070% aluminum and the bflance magnesium in order to be efiective.
The deposition of aluminum on potassium perchlorate is accomplished by treating the powdered potassium perchlorate at an ambient pressure of 5x10 of mercury with aluminum vapor obtained by heating aluminum Wire or ribbon with tungsten wire filaments sufiicient to obtain evaporation of the metal. The aluminum vapor is deposited on the perchlorate powder in this treatment without decomposing the potassium perchlorate or the compound deprived of any of the excess oxygen which it contains.
The appearance of the aluminum coated potasium perchlorate is similar to that of aluminum powder. The thickness of the aluminum coating is dependent on the time of the exposure of the potassium perchlorate, to the evaporating metal. The desirable thickness of aluminum, on 4080 mesh potassium perchlorate, is equivalent to 2 that which results in a product containing from thirty to eighty percent of aluminum by weight. Storage of this coated powder in sealed containers has resulted in negligible variations in the physical properties of the composite incendiary.
Some of the specific uses for this coated powder may be as an incendiary component, as a solid rocket fuel additive, or as a metal heating powder. The liberation of the oxygen in the coated potassium perchlorate can be ac complished by thermal decomposition. If the coated product is introduced to an initiating agent, such as a flame or an electrical impulse, the initiating source causes decomposition of the potassium perchlorate and subsequent reaction or the evolved oxygen and the aluminum metal coating. This reaction becomes self-sustaining after the initiation has been accomplished.
Having more particularly described this invention, what is claimed is:
1. An incendiary powder consisting essentially of powdered potassium perchlorate having a coating of 30 to 80% by weight of aluminum without loss ot the excess oxygen of the perchlorate.
2. An incendiary powder consisting essentially of a powdered potassium perchlorate having a coating of 30 to 80% by weight of magnesium without loss of the excess oxygen of the perchlorate.
3. An incendiary powder consisting essentially of a powdered potassium perchlorate having a coating of 30 to 80% by weight of titanium without loss of the excess oxygen or the perchlorate.
4. An incendiary powder consisting essentially of a powdered oxygen-containing compound selected from the group consisting of potassium, sodium and barium salts of chlorates, perchlorates and nitrates having a coating of 30 to 80% by weight of an exothenmic metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, magnesium, titanium and a magnesium aluminum alloy containing 30 to percent aluminum.
5. An incendiary powder consisting essentially of 40 to mesh powdered potassium perchlorate having a coating of aluminum without loss of the excess oxygen content of the perchlorate and containing 30 to 80 percent by weight of aluminum.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,450,850 Colbert et a1 Oct. 5, 1948 2,477,549 Van Loenen July 26, 1949 2,970,900 Wood-ring et a1. Feb. 7, 1961 2,982,642 Rolle May 2, 1961 FOREIGN PATENTS 665,831 Great Britain Ian. 30, 1952
Claims (1)
- 4. AN INCENDIARY POWDER CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF A POWDERED OXYGEN-CONTAINING COMPOUND SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF POTASSIUM, SODIUM AND BARIUM SALTS OF CHLORATES, PERCHLORATES AND NITRATES HAVING A COATING OF 30 TO 80% BY WEIGHT OF AN EXOTHERMIC METAL SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ALUMINUM, MAGNESIUM, TITANIUM AND A MAGNESIUM-ALUMINUM ALLOY CONTAININ 30 TO 70 PERCENT ALUMINUM.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US854520A US3120459A (en) | 1959-11-20 | 1959-11-20 | Composite incendiary powder containing metal coated oxidizing salts |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US854520A US3120459A (en) | 1959-11-20 | 1959-11-20 | Composite incendiary powder containing metal coated oxidizing salts |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3120459A true US3120459A (en) | 1964-02-04 |
Family
ID=25318917
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US854520A Expired - Lifetime US3120459A (en) | 1959-11-20 | 1959-11-20 | Composite incendiary powder containing metal coated oxidizing salts |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3120459A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3195302A (en) * | 1962-01-22 | 1965-07-20 | Atlantic Res Corp | Solid propellant grain of variable electron-emissive composition |
| US3309250A (en) * | 1965-03-24 | 1967-03-14 | Charles W Falterman | Temperature resistant explosive containing titanium and alkali metal perchlorate |
| US3390026A (en) * | 1960-11-25 | 1968-06-25 | Nat Res Corp | Process of forming a protective coating on particulate material, and coated article obtained thereby |
| US3706608A (en) * | 1970-03-24 | 1972-12-19 | Us Air Force | Combustion tailoring of solid propellants by oxidizer encasement |
| US3953256A (en) * | 1973-08-22 | 1976-04-27 | Thiokol Corporation | Propellants and pyrotechnic compositions containing aluminum-coated ammonium perchlorate |
| USRE29142E (en) * | 1968-11-21 | 1977-02-22 | Consiglio Nazionale Delle Richerche | Combustible compositions for generating aerosols, particularly suitable for cloud modification and weather control and aerosolization process |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2450850A (en) * | 1946-12-03 | 1948-10-05 | Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co | Method of coating by evaporating metals |
| US2477549A (en) * | 1947-01-22 | 1949-07-26 | Permanente Metals Corp | Explosive composition |
| GB665831A (en) * | 1941-11-04 | 1952-01-30 | Werner Hermann Kreidl | Apparatus for plating finely-divided material |
| US2970900A (en) * | 1949-06-24 | 1961-02-07 | Olin Mathieson | Priming composition |
| US2982642A (en) * | 1959-09-10 | 1961-05-02 | Sylvan D Rolle | High auto-ignition temperature explosive |
-
1959
- 1959-11-20 US US854520A patent/US3120459A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB665831A (en) * | 1941-11-04 | 1952-01-30 | Werner Hermann Kreidl | Apparatus for plating finely-divided material |
| US2450850A (en) * | 1946-12-03 | 1948-10-05 | Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co | Method of coating by evaporating metals |
| US2477549A (en) * | 1947-01-22 | 1949-07-26 | Permanente Metals Corp | Explosive composition |
| US2970900A (en) * | 1949-06-24 | 1961-02-07 | Olin Mathieson | Priming composition |
| US2982642A (en) * | 1959-09-10 | 1961-05-02 | Sylvan D Rolle | High auto-ignition temperature explosive |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3390026A (en) * | 1960-11-25 | 1968-06-25 | Nat Res Corp | Process of forming a protective coating on particulate material, and coated article obtained thereby |
| US3195302A (en) * | 1962-01-22 | 1965-07-20 | Atlantic Res Corp | Solid propellant grain of variable electron-emissive composition |
| US3309250A (en) * | 1965-03-24 | 1967-03-14 | Charles W Falterman | Temperature resistant explosive containing titanium and alkali metal perchlorate |
| USRE29142E (en) * | 1968-11-21 | 1977-02-22 | Consiglio Nazionale Delle Richerche | Combustible compositions for generating aerosols, particularly suitable for cloud modification and weather control and aerosolization process |
| US3706608A (en) * | 1970-03-24 | 1972-12-19 | Us Air Force | Combustion tailoring of solid propellants by oxidizer encasement |
| US3953256A (en) * | 1973-08-22 | 1976-04-27 | Thiokol Corporation | Propellants and pyrotechnic compositions containing aluminum-coated ammonium perchlorate |
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