US3120459A - Composite incendiary powder containing metal coated oxidizing salts - Google Patents

Composite incendiary powder containing metal coated oxidizing salts Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3120459A
US3120459A US854520A US85452059A US3120459A US 3120459 A US3120459 A US 3120459A US 854520 A US854520 A US 854520A US 85452059 A US85452059 A US 85452059A US 3120459 A US3120459 A US 3120459A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
aluminum
containing metal
powder containing
metal coated
oxygen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US854520A
Inventor
Arthur D Coates
Edward O Baicy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US854520A priority Critical patent/US3120459A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3120459A publication Critical patent/US3120459A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06CDETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
    • C06C15/00Pyrophoric compositions; Flints
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06BEXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B45/00Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
    • C06B45/18Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising a coated component
    • C06B45/30Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising a coated component the component base containing an inorganic explosive or an inorganic thermic component

Definitions

  • This invention relates. to a composite type of incendiary powder and the process of preparing same.
  • the object of this invention is the production of an incendiary powder by treating a powdered compound containing an excess of oxygen with an exothermic metal to coat the powder with the metallic vapor of the exothermic met-a1.
  • potassium perchlorate is chosen for treatment but any of the following also could be used such as sodium perchlomate, barium perchlorate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, barium nitnate, and sodium chlorate.
  • Aluminum is the metal chosen as the exothermic metal to coat the powdered oxygen bearing material but it should be noted that magnesium titanium, and alloys of aluminum 'and magnesium can also be used. Such alloys should contain from 3070% aluminum and the bflance magnesium in order to be efiective.
  • the deposition of aluminum on potassium perchlorate is accomplished by treating the powdered potassium perchlorate at an ambient pressure of 5x10 of mercury with aluminum vapor obtained by heating aluminum Wire or ribbon with tungsten wire filaments sufiicient to obtain evaporation of the metal.
  • the aluminum vapor is deposited on the perchlorate powder in this treatment without decomposing the potassium perchlorate or the compound deprived of any of the excess oxygen which it contains.
  • the appearance of the aluminum coated potasium perchlorate is similar to that of aluminum powder.
  • the thickness of the aluminum coating is dependent on the time of the exposure of the potassium perchlorate, to the evaporating metal.
  • the desirable thickness of aluminum, on 4080 mesh potassium perchlorate, is equivalent to 2 that which results in a product containing from thirty to eighty percent of aluminum by weight. Storage of this coated powder in sealed containers has resulted in negligible variations in the physical properties of the composite incendiary.
  • this coated powder may be as an incendiary component, as a solid rocket fuel additive, or as a metal heating powder.
  • the liberation of the oxygen in the coated potassium perchlorate can be ac complished by thermal decomposition. If the coated product is introduced to an initiating agent, such as a flame or an electrical impulse, the initiating source causes decomposition of the potassium perchlorate and subsequent reaction or the evolved oxygen and the aluminum metal coating. This reaction becomes self-sustaining after the initiation has been accomplished.
  • An incendiary powder consisting essentially of powdered potassium perchlorate having a coating of 30 to 80% by weight of aluminum without loss ot the excess oxygen of the perchlorate.
  • An incendiary powder consisting essentially of a powdered potassium perchlorate having a coating of 30 to 80% by weight of magnesium without loss of the excess oxygen of the perchlorate.
  • An incendiary powder consisting essentially of a powdered potassium perchlorate having a coating of 30 to 80% by weight of titanium without loss of the excess oxygen or the perchlorate.
  • An incendiary powder consisting essentially of a powdered oxygen-containing compound selected from the group consisting of potassium, sodium and barium salts of chlorates, perchlorates and nitrates having a coating of 30 to 80% by weight of an exothenmic metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, magnesium, titanium and a magnesium aluminum alloy containing 30 to percent aluminum.
  • An incendiary powder consisting essentially of 40 to mesh powdered potassium perchlorate having a coating of aluminum without loss of the excess oxygen content of the perchlorate and containing 30 to 80 percent by weight of aluminum.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)

Description

United States Patent ()iiicc 3,120,459 Fatented Feb. 4, 1964 3,120,459 COMPUSHTE ENCENDKARY PlDWBER CONTAINiNG METAL COATED (DXHDHZHNG SALTS Arthur D. Coates and Edward 0. Baicy, Aberdeen, Md, assignors to the United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Army No Drawing. Filed Nov. 28, 1959, tier. No. 854,520 5 Claims. (Cl. 149-5) (Granted under Title 35, US. (lode (1952), sec. 266) The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or for the government for governmental purposes without payment to me of any royalty thereon.
This invention relates. to a composite type of incendiary powder and the process of preparing same.
The object of this invention is the production of an incendiary powder by treating a powdered compound containing an excess of oxygen with an exothermic metal to coat the powder with the metallic vapor of the exothermic met-a1.
It is a further object to employ only solid oxygen bearing materials that contain an excess of oxygen or one that liberates free oxygen when heated.
It is a still further object to coat the solid oxygen hearing material with an exothermic metal, Without decomposition of the powdered material, or the loss of any of the excess oxygen.
From the supply of solid oxygen bearing materials, potassium perchlorate is chosen for treatment but any of the following also could be used such as sodium perchlomate, barium perchlorate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, barium nitnate, and sodium chlorate.
Aluminum is the metal chosen as the exothermic metal to coat the powdered oxygen bearing material but it should be noted that magnesium titanium, and alloys of aluminum 'and magnesium can also be used. Such alloys should contain from 3070% aluminum and the bflance magnesium in order to be efiective.
The deposition of aluminum on potassium perchlorate is accomplished by treating the powdered potassium perchlorate at an ambient pressure of 5x10 of mercury with aluminum vapor obtained by heating aluminum Wire or ribbon with tungsten wire filaments sufiicient to obtain evaporation of the metal. The aluminum vapor is deposited on the perchlorate powder in this treatment without decomposing the potassium perchlorate or the compound deprived of any of the excess oxygen which it contains.
The appearance of the aluminum coated potasium perchlorate is similar to that of aluminum powder. The thickness of the aluminum coating is dependent on the time of the exposure of the potassium perchlorate, to the evaporating metal. The desirable thickness of aluminum, on 4080 mesh potassium perchlorate, is equivalent to 2 that which results in a product containing from thirty to eighty percent of aluminum by weight. Storage of this coated powder in sealed containers has resulted in negligible variations in the physical properties of the composite incendiary.
Some of the specific uses for this coated powder may be as an incendiary component, as a solid rocket fuel additive, or as a metal heating powder. The liberation of the oxygen in the coated potassium perchlorate can be ac complished by thermal decomposition. If the coated product is introduced to an initiating agent, such as a flame or an electrical impulse, the initiating source causes decomposition of the potassium perchlorate and subsequent reaction or the evolved oxygen and the aluminum metal coating. This reaction becomes self-sustaining after the initiation has been accomplished.
Having more particularly described this invention, what is claimed is:
1. An incendiary powder consisting essentially of powdered potassium perchlorate having a coating of 30 to 80% by weight of aluminum without loss ot the excess oxygen of the perchlorate.
2. An incendiary powder consisting essentially of a powdered potassium perchlorate having a coating of 30 to 80% by weight of magnesium without loss of the excess oxygen of the perchlorate.
3. An incendiary powder consisting essentially of a powdered potassium perchlorate having a coating of 30 to 80% by weight of titanium without loss of the excess oxygen or the perchlorate.
4. An incendiary powder consisting essentially of a powdered oxygen-containing compound selected from the group consisting of potassium, sodium and barium salts of chlorates, perchlorates and nitrates having a coating of 30 to 80% by weight of an exothenmic metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, magnesium, titanium and a magnesium aluminum alloy containing 30 to percent aluminum.
5. An incendiary powder consisting essentially of 40 to mesh powdered potassium perchlorate having a coating of aluminum without loss of the excess oxygen content of the perchlorate and containing 30 to 80 percent by weight of aluminum.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,450,850 Colbert et a1 Oct. 5, 1948 2,477,549 Van Loenen July 26, 1949 2,970,900 Wood-ring et a1. Feb. 7, 1961 2,982,642 Rolle May 2, 1961 FOREIGN PATENTS 665,831 Great Britain Ian. 30, 1952

Claims (1)

  1. 4. AN INCENDIARY POWDER CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF A POWDERED OXYGEN-CONTAINING COMPOUND SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF POTASSIUM, SODIUM AND BARIUM SALTS OF CHLORATES, PERCHLORATES AND NITRATES HAVING A COATING OF 30 TO 80% BY WEIGHT OF AN EXOTHERMIC METAL SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ALUMINUM, MAGNESIUM, TITANIUM AND A MAGNESIUM-ALUMINUM ALLOY CONTAININ 30 TO 70 PERCENT ALUMINUM.
US854520A 1959-11-20 1959-11-20 Composite incendiary powder containing metal coated oxidizing salts Expired - Lifetime US3120459A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US854520A US3120459A (en) 1959-11-20 1959-11-20 Composite incendiary powder containing metal coated oxidizing salts

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US854520A US3120459A (en) 1959-11-20 1959-11-20 Composite incendiary powder containing metal coated oxidizing salts

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3120459A true US3120459A (en) 1964-02-04

Family

ID=25318917

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US854520A Expired - Lifetime US3120459A (en) 1959-11-20 1959-11-20 Composite incendiary powder containing metal coated oxidizing salts

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US3120459A (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3195302A (en) * 1962-01-22 1965-07-20 Atlantic Res Corp Solid propellant grain of variable electron-emissive composition
US3309250A (en) * 1965-03-24 1967-03-14 Charles W Falterman Temperature resistant explosive containing titanium and alkali metal perchlorate
US3390026A (en) * 1960-11-25 1968-06-25 Nat Res Corp Process of forming a protective coating on particulate material, and coated article obtained thereby
US3706608A (en) * 1970-03-24 1972-12-19 Us Air Force Combustion tailoring of solid propellants by oxidizer encasement
US3953256A (en) * 1973-08-22 1976-04-27 Thiokol Corporation Propellants and pyrotechnic compositions containing aluminum-coated ammonium perchlorate
USRE29142E (en) * 1968-11-21 1977-02-22 Consiglio Nazionale Delle Richerche Combustible compositions for generating aerosols, particularly suitable for cloud modification and weather control and aerosolization process

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2450850A (en) * 1946-12-03 1948-10-05 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Method of coating by evaporating metals
US2477549A (en) * 1947-01-22 1949-07-26 Permanente Metals Corp Explosive composition
GB665831A (en) * 1941-11-04 1952-01-30 Werner Hermann Kreidl Apparatus for plating finely-divided material
US2970900A (en) * 1949-06-24 1961-02-07 Olin Mathieson Priming composition
US2982642A (en) * 1959-09-10 1961-05-02 Sylvan D Rolle High auto-ignition temperature explosive

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB665831A (en) * 1941-11-04 1952-01-30 Werner Hermann Kreidl Apparatus for plating finely-divided material
US2450850A (en) * 1946-12-03 1948-10-05 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Method of coating by evaporating metals
US2477549A (en) * 1947-01-22 1949-07-26 Permanente Metals Corp Explosive composition
US2970900A (en) * 1949-06-24 1961-02-07 Olin Mathieson Priming composition
US2982642A (en) * 1959-09-10 1961-05-02 Sylvan D Rolle High auto-ignition temperature explosive

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3390026A (en) * 1960-11-25 1968-06-25 Nat Res Corp Process of forming a protective coating on particulate material, and coated article obtained thereby
US3195302A (en) * 1962-01-22 1965-07-20 Atlantic Res Corp Solid propellant grain of variable electron-emissive composition
US3309250A (en) * 1965-03-24 1967-03-14 Charles W Falterman Temperature resistant explosive containing titanium and alkali metal perchlorate
USRE29142E (en) * 1968-11-21 1977-02-22 Consiglio Nazionale Delle Richerche Combustible compositions for generating aerosols, particularly suitable for cloud modification and weather control and aerosolization process
US3706608A (en) * 1970-03-24 1972-12-19 Us Air Force Combustion tailoring of solid propellants by oxidizer encasement
US3953256A (en) * 1973-08-22 1976-04-27 Thiokol Corporation Propellants and pyrotechnic compositions containing aluminum-coated ammonium perchlorate

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
GB147104A (en) Improvements in or relating to projectiles
US3120459A (en) Composite incendiary powder containing metal coated oxidizing salts
US4339288A (en) Gas generating composition
US4824482A (en) Pyrophoric iron product and process of making
US2457860A (en) Delay fuse compositions
Brusnahan et al. Periodates as potential replacements for perchlorates in pyrotechnic compositions
Malik Investigation of the thermal decomposition of magnesium–sodium nitrate pyrotechnic composition (SR-524) and the effect of accelerated aging
US3320104A (en) Method of making lead styphnate primer compositions
Sun et al. Ignition and combustion behavior of sintered‐B/MgB2 combined with KNO3
US1971502A (en) Fuse powder for metal delays
Koch Special materials in pyrotechnics: III. Application of lithium and its compounds in energetic systems
Yao et al. Effects of MgH2/Mg (BH4) 2 Powders on the Thermal Decomposition Behaviors of 2, 4, 6‐Trinitrotoluene (TNT)
RU2490244C1 (en) Powder charge for light-gas gun or fire-arms (versions)
US3953259A (en) Pressure exponent suppressants
Lee et al. The shelf-life prediction of single-base propellants by applying the Kinetic model of n-th order
US4089716A (en) Ignition enhancing propellant coatings
US3953256A (en) Propellants and pyrotechnic compositions containing aluminum-coated ammonium perchlorate
US3147710A (en) Ignition system for solid propellants
US2131352A (en) Propellant explosive
Htwe et al. Combustion of double-base propellants of various compositions containing ammonium nitrate
KR20070115204A (en) Water Reactive Propellant for Underwater Propulsion
US1206456A (en) Process of making a detonating explosive.
US3667231A (en) Hydrazine decomposition process using metal promoters
Eom et al. Equilibrium Analysis on the Aging of a BKNO3 Igniter
US2885277A (en) Hydrogen gas generating propellent compositions