US3104396A - Explosively actuated fastener driving tool - Google Patents

Explosively actuated fastener driving tool Download PDF

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Publication number
US3104396A
US3104396A US120374A US12037461A US3104396A US 3104396 A US3104396 A US 3104396A US 120374 A US120374 A US 120374A US 12037461 A US12037461 A US 12037461A US 3104396 A US3104396 A US 3104396A
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United States
Prior art keywords
barrel
piston
end portion
driving tool
tool
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Expired - Lifetime
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US120374A
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English (en)
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Termet Pierre
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Individual
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25C—HAND-HELD NAILING OR STAPLING TOOLS; MANUALLY OPERATED PORTABLE STAPLING TOOLS
    • B25C1/00—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices
    • B25C1/08—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by combustion pressure
    • B25C1/10—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by combustion pressure generated by detonation of a cartridge
    • B25C1/18—Details and accessories, e.g. splinter guards, spall minimisers
    • B25C1/188—Arrangements at the forward end of the barrel, e.g. splinter guards, spall minimisers, safety arrangements, silencers, bolt retainers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25C—HAND-HELD NAILING OR STAPLING TOOLS; MANUALLY OPERATED PORTABLE STAPLING TOOLS
    • B25C1/00—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices
    • B25C1/08—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by combustion pressure
    • B25C1/10—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by combustion pressure generated by detonation of a cartridge
    • B25C1/14—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by combustion pressure generated by detonation of a cartridge acting on an intermediate plunger or anvil

Definitions

  • said shank permits the driving of the stud when one strikes its head with a hammer.
  • It is the object of the invention to provide an explosively actuated fastener driving tool comprising a number of interchangeable barrels which are adapted to drive studs of different types or gauges and to be driven by an explosive charge.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide an explosively actuated fastener driving tool comprising essentially: a body for receiving an explosive cartridge and a means for firing said cartridge; barrels of different sizes adapted to be screwed on said body; a piston freely movable inside the barrel for propelling the stud, the forward movement of said piston being stopped with its forward end projecting from the barrel when a shoulder thereon encounters a mobile section of the front portion of the barrel, said mobile section preferably uncovering a side opening provided for the direct expulsion of the propulsion gases as soon as the forward end of the piston passes out of the barrel, providing therefore a braking action on the movement of said piston.
  • the mobile part located at the end of the barrel comprises several parts which are each movable with respect to the other and among those parts, one which bears against the shoulder of the piston compresses a part made of an elastic (such as a plastic substance known under the trademark Rilsan) which, through the deformation caused by its compression stronglybrakes the movement of said free piston.
  • an elastic such as a plastic substance known under the trademark Rilsan
  • the aforesaid different barrels may be mounted on the body of a manually operated apparatus for driving studs of different sizes by means of repeated percussions.
  • Still another object of the invention is a safety device for an explosively actuated fastener driving tool, preferably of the aforesaid type, said safety device comprising essentially a spring loaded actuator having for striking the head of the firing pin, said actuator acting on the firing pin only if the front end of the'barrel is pressed with sufficient strength against the material in which the stud is to be driven and if the operator maintains pressure on a knob or button located near the rear part of the barrel.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of one embodiment of the fastener driving tool according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1a is a partial section of the fastener driving tool of the FIG. 1, with the end part of the barrel projecting out;
  • FIG. 2 is an end view of the barrel of the fastener driving tool shown in the FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-section showing the safety device as seen along the line III-III of the FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the front head of the fastener driving tool on which is mounted one barrel; 5
  • FIG. 5 represents a sectional view of the front head of the fastener driving tool on which is mounted a barrel of a different type than the one shown in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is an end view of the barrel illustrated in FIG. 5;
  • FIGS. 7 and '8 show how the barrels represented on FIGS. 4 and 5 are mounted on the body of a manually actuated apparatus
  • FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of the head of barrel in which the mobile part contains a means for braking the movement of the freely movable piston;
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 illustrate two other embodiments of the brake shown in the FIG. 9.
  • the body 1 of the fastener driving tool comprises inside a bore 2 a percussion bushing 3 adapted to slide coaxially in said bore.
  • a loaded spring 4 biasses the percussion bushing 3 forwardly the movement of said bushing being limited by the screw 5 having its end 5a engaged in a longitudinal groove 6 cut in the percussion bushing.
  • the percussion bushing plays a part in the functioning of the whole system designed for insuring safety in the use of the fastener driving tool and avoiding the possibility that said driving tool could be used as a weapon.
  • the percussion bushing contains a firing pin 7 kept prisoner inside its tbone by the hollow nut 8.
  • One end 7a of the firing pin 7 is positioned near the percussion zone of thecartridge 9 whereas its other end -.7 b protrudes towards the actuator 10, which is constantly biased towards the firing pin by a coaxial percussion spring.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the body 1 of the apparatus and the actuator 10 provided with a circular groove Illa.
  • a stop 11 may be moved in a radial bore 12 cut in the body 1 under the action of .a lever 13 swinging at 14, said lever being constantly pushed back by the spring 15 soas to bring back in the groove 10a the end 11a of the stop 11.
  • the device When the percussion spring is sufiiciently compressed the device is fired by simply releasing the actuator.
  • the lever 13 is located near the rear part of the body of the fastener driving tool to avoid the possibility that the user may, with one hand, act on this lever 13 and keep the front part of the driving tool in the position where the spring 4 is totally compressed, such condition :being dangerous since it makes firing possible and would allow the operator to use the apparatus :as a weapon.
  • accident-a1 dropping of the loaded tool does not give raise to the risk of an accidental firing.
  • the groove liia is connected to the percussion or firing section of the actuator by a conical slope which makes it easier for the stop 11 to come into the groove when permanent pressure is not applied on the lever 13.
  • the barrel 16 is screwed on the percussion bushing 3 by means of the threads 1611, sufiicient room being left between those two parts to permit the positioning of the head of the cartridge 9.
  • the barrel 16 comprises three essential parts 17, 18 and 19 assembled by screwing, a lock 20 locking the part 1'7 into the part 18.
  • Such a barrel structure makes possible the introduction into the barrel of the piston 21 which remains as a prisoner in the barrel but may still axially slide in said barrel.
  • This piston 21, the central part of which has the same diameter as the internal bore of the barrel, is provided with a first cylindrical end 21a having a reduced cross section which enters into the explosion chamber in order to reduce the capacity of said chamber so as to increase the explosive power and facilitate the firing, and with a second end 21b having a diameter slightly inferior to that of the central part, said second end, as hereinafter explained, being capable of being projected from the barrel with the shoulder which connects the end section 21b with the central section of the piston bearing against the shoulder 22 provided in the end part or muzzle 23 of the barrel.
  • An annular magnet 24 located in a cup 25-26 keeps the stud 27 in position before firing.
  • the end part 23 which is provided with the shoulder 22 is slidably locked on the section 19 of the barrel by the screw 28 the head of which slides in an elongated slot 29 running in a parallel direction to the barrel axis.
  • the muzzle 23 (the forward movement of which is limited by the screw 28 striking against the section 19 of the barrel) is enabled to stop the movement of the piston which comes to rest against the shoulder 22 at the junction point between its central part and forward end 21b.
  • the magnet30 fixed on the muzzle 23 by a screw 31 is useful for holding in position the'fastening washers, the stop washers or clamps put, before firing, in the shallow recess 32 made at the end of the barrel for that purpose.
  • a second circular recess 33 is made in the muzzle 23; said recess 33 serves to receive at the front end of the barrel fastening washers having a smaller diameter which are also kept in position by the magnet 30.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the right end member of a fastener driving tool of the type shown in FIG. 1, on which is mounted a barrel end of a difierent type.
  • FIG. 4 is shown again the part 17 of FIG. 1 and the lock-nut 20, but the parts 18 and 19 of the barrel illustrated in FIG. 1 are replaced by a cylindrical tube 34 screwed into the part 17 of the barrel.
  • the piston 36 has an extension 36a projecting into.
  • the said piston is also provided with a lateral groove 3% for limiting the power and allowing the escape of the propellant gases as-soon as the piston projects a fixed distance out of the tube 34.
  • the piston and the stud are located in the position shown in FIG. 4 and, when the car tridge is fired the piston 36 is pushed forwardly and drives the stud 35 equipped with its stop washer 35a into the material.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a portion of the driving tool shown in FIG. 1; on that portion is mounted a barrel end 39- which makes it possible to drive studs having smaller diameters the ends of which are adapted to fasten halfclamps.
  • FIG. 5 are illustrated the portion 17 of the driving tool and the clamping ring 20 shown in FIG. 1. Between the portion 39 of the barrel and the portion 17 is located an intermediate ring 40 provided with a shoulder.
  • the cylindrical magnet 24 is replaced by a ball 42 which is loaded by a spring 43 and serves to keep the stud 27 in position before firing.
  • the piston which is used as anintermediate means between the propellan-t charge and the stud may or may not have a fiat part dependent upon;
  • the tastener driving tool according to the invention gives the advantage of permitting an easy ejection of the cartridge cases after the firing without needing to use any mechanical device specially designed for that purpose.
  • the ejection is done automatically when, after un screwing the body 1 of the apparatus, the piston is pushed back by a pushing-rod in order to return it to its firing position.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 illustrate the barrel ends shown in FIGS. 1 and mounted on the body of a manually operated apparatus.
  • FIG. 7 One can see in FIG. 7 the parts 18 and 19 of the end of barrels secured on the body 44 of a manually operated apparatus, and held in place by a lock-nut 26.
  • the body 44- of the apparatus carries a push rod 45 held in place by the screw 46, the end of which moves in the groove 45a in the push rod.
  • the body 44- In order to prevent the push-rod 45 from coming back under the action of gravity or in reaction to blows thereagainst the body 44- is provided with a ball device 44a which brakes the push-rod.
  • FIG. 8 are seen the same elements except that the end 450 of the push-rod 45 itself drives the stud 27 without the intermediary means consisting of a piston 21-.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates a device assuring a progressive braking of the freely movable piston 21 and also a progressive driving of the end part or muzzle 23.
  • this muzzle 23 is provided with a recess having a generally cylindrical form inside which is located a ring 46 made of an elastic material such as the material known under the trademark Rilsan.
  • This ring has a conical shape and its smaller base is directed towards the tool muzzle.
  • Its internal diameter is equal to the diameter of the part 2112 of the piston.
  • a second metallic ring which bears directly against the elastic ring 46; the internal recess of said ring 47 mates with the portion of the freely movable piston between its central zone and the end 21b of said piston.
  • the ring 47 performs the function of the shoulder 22 seen in FIG. 1.
  • the shoulder is preferably made in a frusto-conical shape with a small opening angle.
  • the end part 23 encloses a movable sleeve 48 which guides the ring 47 and which may slide inside the muzzle 23 owing to a slot 49 which receives the end of the screw 28.
  • the sleeve 48 and the ring 47 may move axially and independently with respect to the muzzle 23 which itself may move axially with respect to the driving tool.
  • the freely movable piston 21 shows a tendency to protrude towards the outside of the apparatus; said piston 21 bears first against the ring 47 which it drives easily forward due to the relatively weak inertia of said ring. The latter then axial-1y compresses the elastic ring 46 which, by reason of the conical shape of its seat reacts immediately to bring radial pressure strongly braking the section 2112 of the piston and simultaneously driving forward the muzzle 23 which in its turn drives the sleeve 48 when the screw 28 comes at the end of the cut 49 made in said sleeve.
  • the freely movable piston is stopped first because it is progressively locked with a number of parts having more weight than itself and braking it by inertia and secondly because it is held back by the friction developed on its walls by the elastic ring 46 when compressed.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 illustrate different possible shapes for the ring 46 each of course requiring appropriate modification of the ring seat in the muzzle 23.
  • An explosively actuated tool for driving studs, fasteners, and the like comprising a barrel for receiving an article to be driven, means located rearwardly of the barrel for exploding a propellant charge, a piston carried in said barrel with one end positioned to receive an impact when said charge is exploded and its other end positioned to transmit said impact to said article, said barrel comprising an end portion at its forward end which is axially slidable relative to the remainder of said barrel, cooperating fixed stop means on said end portion and on the remainder of said barrel which limit said relative sliding thereby defining forward and rearward positions for said end portion relative to the remainder of said barrel, said end portion being provided with an inwardly projecting shoulder and said piston with a radially projecting shoulder which overlaps said inwardly projecting shoulder to prevent said piston from passing completely out of said barrel when said piston is projected forwardly therein, and said barrel being provided with a vent for permitting the escape of explosive gases therefrom to the ambient atmosphere, said vent being p ositioned to be open
  • An explosively actuated tool as claimed in claim 1 in which the effective transverse cross-section of a portion of said piston is peripherally reduced over an axial distance less than the length of the piston and beginning at its rear end, thereby pnoviding a space between that portion of said piston and said barrel which comes into radial alignment with said vent as said piston moves forward and forms with said vent a passage through which gas may escape from said barrel to reduce the force applied to said piston.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
US120374A 1960-06-29 1961-06-28 Explosively actuated fastener driving tool Expired - Lifetime US3104396A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR831691A FR1269307A (fr) 1960-06-29 1960-06-29 Appareil de scellement perfectionné

Publications (1)

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US3104396A true US3104396A (en) 1963-09-24

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US120374A Expired - Lifetime US3104396A (en) 1960-06-29 1961-06-28 Explosively actuated fastener driving tool

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US (1) US3104396A (de)
BE (1) BE605541A (de)
DE (1) DE1503098A1 (de)
FR (1) FR1269307A (de)
GB (1) GB998896A (de)
NL (1) NL266447A (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3472440A (en) * 1965-12-06 1969-10-14 Hilti Ag Device for driving securing elements into foundations or walls
US3531037A (en) * 1966-10-03 1970-09-29 Impex Essen Vertrieb Bolt setting tool
US4051990A (en) * 1974-07-08 1977-10-04 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Device for securing an expansion anchor
US4637539A (en) * 1984-09-10 1987-01-20 Turcott James L Anchor bolt installation tool with depth stop
EP1574295A2 (de) * 2004-03-10 2005-09-14 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung zum temporären Fixieren von Befestigungshilfselementen an handgeführten Setzgeräten
US11298811B2 (en) * 2018-11-05 2022-04-12 Joe Lin Apparatus for installing fasteners and explosive loads for use therewith

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2221157A (en) * 1938-11-22 1940-11-12 Jr Robert Temple Rivet remover
US2660726A (en) * 1951-06-07 1953-12-01 Weingart Ben Means for positioning and holding fasteners in explosively actuated fastener drivingtools
US2724116A (en) * 1951-07-12 1955-11-22 Termet Pierre Explosively actuated fastener driving tool
FR1109600A (fr) * 1954-08-04 1956-01-31 Prospection & Inventions Perfectionnements aux appareils destinés à enfoucer des chevilles dans des matériaux durs et compacts
US3019440A (en) * 1955-01-12 1962-02-06 Olin Mathieson Fastener arresting device for a power actuated tool

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2221157A (en) * 1938-11-22 1940-11-12 Jr Robert Temple Rivet remover
US2660726A (en) * 1951-06-07 1953-12-01 Weingart Ben Means for positioning and holding fasteners in explosively actuated fastener drivingtools
US2724116A (en) * 1951-07-12 1955-11-22 Termet Pierre Explosively actuated fastener driving tool
FR1109600A (fr) * 1954-08-04 1956-01-31 Prospection & Inventions Perfectionnements aux appareils destinés à enfoucer des chevilles dans des matériaux durs et compacts
US3019440A (en) * 1955-01-12 1962-02-06 Olin Mathieson Fastener arresting device for a power actuated tool

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3472440A (en) * 1965-12-06 1969-10-14 Hilti Ag Device for driving securing elements into foundations or walls
US3531037A (en) * 1966-10-03 1970-09-29 Impex Essen Vertrieb Bolt setting tool
US4051990A (en) * 1974-07-08 1977-10-04 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Device for securing an expansion anchor
US4637539A (en) * 1984-09-10 1987-01-20 Turcott James L Anchor bolt installation tool with depth stop
EP1574295A2 (de) * 2004-03-10 2005-09-14 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung zum temporären Fixieren von Befestigungshilfselementen an handgeführten Setzgeräten
US20050211744A1 (en) * 2004-03-10 2005-09-29 Mariana Maglione Device for temporarily securing attachment auxiliary elements on a hand-held setting tool
EP1574295A3 (de) * 2004-03-10 2006-06-21 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung zum temporären Fixieren von Befestigungshilfselementen an handgeführten Setzgeräten
US11298811B2 (en) * 2018-11-05 2022-04-12 Joe Lin Apparatus for installing fasteners and explosive loads for use therewith

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB998896A (en) 1965-07-21
FR1269307A (fr) 1961-08-11
BE605541A (fr) 1961-10-16
DE1503098A1 (de) 1969-10-16
NL266447A (de)

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