US3092345A - Braking mechanisms - Google Patents

Braking mechanisms Download PDF

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Publication number
US3092345A
US3092345A US68894A US6889460A US3092345A US 3092345 A US3092345 A US 3092345A US 68894 A US68894 A US 68894A US 6889460 A US6889460 A US 6889460A US 3092345 A US3092345 A US 3092345A
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United States
Prior art keywords
brake
braking
bands
tape
reeling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US68894A
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English (en)
Inventor
Richard W Clayton
Arnel E Jackson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RCA Corp
Original Assignee
RCA Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL271320D priority Critical patent/NL271320A/xx
Application filed by RCA Corp filed Critical RCA Corp
Priority to US68894A priority patent/US3092345A/en
Priority to GB37083/61A priority patent/GB964035A/en
Priority to FR877884A priority patent/FR1308828A/fr
Priority to DE19611424444 priority patent/DE1424444A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3092345A publication Critical patent/US3092345A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D49/00—Brakes with a braking member co-operating with the periphery of a drum, wheel-rim, or the like
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B15/00—Driving, starting or stopping record carriers of filamentary or web form; Driving both such record carriers and heads; Guiding such record carriers or containers therefor; Control thereof; Control of operating function
    • G11B15/18—Driving; Starting; Stopping; Arrangements for control or regulation thereof
    • G11B15/22—Stopping means

Definitions

  • BRAKING MECHANISMS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Nov. 14, 1960 INVENTORI ,fimm'a m (Z/rrrm/ 5 BY4AM6L E E a 50M United States Patent 3,092,345 BRAKING MECHANISMS Richard W. Clayton, Toms River, and Arnel E. Jackson, Audubon, NJ., assignors to Radio Corporation of America, a corporation of Delaware Filed Nov. 14, 1960, Ser. No. 68,894 13 Claims. (Cl. 242-5542 The present invention relates to braking mechanisms, and more particularly to a braking mechanism for use in a reeling system.
  • the invention is especially suitable for use in apparatus for handling a reelable medium, such as a record tape.
  • Apparatus for handling magnetic record tapes is known as a tape transport.
  • the invention includes a pair of brake bands which are associated, separately, with a pair of reeling devices between which a medium, such as a record tape, is adapted to be reeled.
  • the brake bands are constructed to expand or contract under braking stresses.
  • a rigid member is connected between one end of each of the brake bands.
  • the other ends of the brake bands are each anchored.
  • the brake band associated with the take-up reeling device is self-relieving since, in its displaced position, less braking is applied, while the Patented June 4, 1963 ice brake band associated with the supply reeling device is self-energizing in its displaced position since more braking is applied. Differential braking action is therefore produced. Since greater braking torque is applied to the supply reeling device than to the take-up reeling device, proper tension is maintained in the tape to prevent the throwing of tape loops.
  • FIGURE 1 is a plan view showing a braking mechanism in accordance with the invention, the brakes being disposed in released position;
  • FIGURE 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1, but showing the braking mechanism with the brakes applied;
  • FIGURE 3 is a fragmentary view of another form of brake mechanism according to the present invention.
  • reeling devices 10 and 11 These reeling devices include reel drive shafts 12 and 13 which may be driven by separate electric motors (not shown). Brake hubs 14 and 15 are secured, respectively, to the shafts 12 and 13. Turntables 16 (shown in phantom) are also attached to the shafts 12 and 13. Reels 17 and 18 (shown in phantom) are adapted to be carried by the respective turntables.
  • These reels carry a magnetic record tape 20. The tape is reeled between the reels along a path which extends past a tape guide 19, a magnetic erase head 21, and a magnetic record-reproduce head 22, and also between a capstan 23 and a pressure roller 24.
  • the heads 21 and 22, the capstan 23 and the pressure roller 24 may be of the type well known in the magnetic recording and reproducing art.
  • the capstan may be driven by a separate drive motor (not shown), and the pressure roller may be associated with a linkage (not shown) for the purpose of moving the pressure roller towards the capstan to pinch the tape therebetween.
  • This linkage may be designed in accordance with techniques known in the magnetic recording and reproducing art.
  • the motors which drive the shafts l2 and 13 are adapted to rotate in opposite directions and at different speeds.
  • the motor which drives the shaft 13 normally rotates the shaft in a counterclockwise direction, as indicated by the arrow around it in FIG. I, at relatively slow speed to take up the tape 20 as it is fed by the capstan and pressure roller arrangement from the reel 17 to the reel 18.
  • the reel 17 therefore is normally the supply reel and the reel 18 is normally the take-up reel.
  • the shaft 13, which drives the take-up reel 18, may also be driven at relatively high speed in the counter-clockwise direction to rapidly wind the tape thereon. The latter operation is known in the art as fast forward feed.”
  • the shaft 12, which drives the supply reel 17 may be driven at high speed in a clockwise direction, as indicated by the arrow around shaft 12 in FIG. 2, for the purpose of rewinding the tape.
  • the brake mechanism according to the invention includes a brake band 25 which cooperates with the brake hub 15 and another brake band 26 which cooperates with the brake hub 14, the brake bands being disposed around at least part of their respective brake hubs.
  • Each of these brake bands is a spring member and may be constructed of annealed spring steel which has been hardened.
  • the brake bands 25 and 26 have angular bends 27 and 28 formed therein, respectively. These bends partake in providing self-energizing and self-relieving braking action and also smooth the braking action to prevent breakage of the tape when the tape is stopped as it is reeled at high speed during fast-forward or fastrewind operations.
  • the ends of the brake bands 25 and 26 near the bends 27 and 28 therein are respectively anchored in blocks '29 and 30.
  • a rigid bar 31 interconnects the opposite ends of the brake bands 25 and 26. This bar acts as a floating support between the opposite ends of the brake bands and rests on stops 32 and 33 when the brakes are released, as shown in FIG. 1.
  • a brake lining 34 is secured to the brake band 25, and a similar brake lining 35 is secured to the brake band 26.
  • a pair of brake band stops 36 engages the back surface of the brake band 25 when the brakes are in release position, as shown in FIG. 1.
  • Another pair of brake band stops 37 serves a similar purpose in connection with the brake band 26.
  • Two springs 40 and 41 are connected, respectively, between the bar 31 and brake pressure adjusting mechanisms 42 and 43.
  • the bias of these springs 40 and 41 causes the brakes to be applied.
  • the brakes are maintained in released position by a rotary solenoid 44 having an arm 45 secured thereto. This arm is pivotally secured to a brake rod 46 which is fastened to the bar 31.
  • a rotary solenoid 44 having an arm 45 secured thereto. This arm is pivotally secured to a brake rod 46 which is fastened to the bar 31.
  • Another spring 47 is connected between the arm 45 and the bar 31 to eliminate play in the linkage including the arm 45 and the rod 46. Elimination of play results in quiet operation of the braking mechanism.
  • Each of the brake pressure adjusting mechanisms 42 and 43 includes a separate L-shaped bracket 48 which is mounted on the tape deck, and a screw 49 which is threaded into the associated bracket.
  • the screws 49 are respectively connected to the springs 40 and 41.
  • the tension in the springs 40 and 41 may be adjusted by locking the screws 49 in difierent positions by means of nuts 50.
  • the solenoid is de-energized to apply the brakes.
  • the brake linings 34 and 35 will then be forced under the bias of the springs 40 and 41 into engagement with the brake hubs 14 and 15. Due to the rotational energy of the reeling device 11, including the reel 18, the tape wound thereon, the hub 15, and the rotor of the motor coupled to the shaft 13, a large inertia is developed. A torque due to this inertia will be applied to the brake band 25 through the lining 34. This torque effectively expands or lengthens the band 25, since the bend 27 in the band 25 yields and tends to straighten.
  • the brake band 25 thus becomes wrapped more tightly around the brake hub 15 and the braking torque on the hub 15 is increased.
  • a force is applied due to the rotational energy of the reeling device 11 which aids the bias of the springs 40 and 41 against the hub 15.
  • greater braking torque is applied by the brake band 25 to the brake hub 15 of the reeling device 10, which is paying out the tape 20, than due to the bias of the springs 40 and 41 alone.
  • the force due to the rotational energy of the reeling device 11 is also transmitted through the bar 31 to the brake band 26.
  • This force is in a direction to oppose the bias of the springs 40 and 41 so that the braking torque developed due to the springs 40 and 41 against the hub 14 is somewhat relieved.
  • the bar 31 is displaced from right to left as seen in FIG. 2.
  • the force ⁇ applied to the band 26 by the bar 31 effectively contracts or shortens the band 26 by increasing the angle of bend 28.
  • the angle of the bend 28 is thereby decreased and the brake band '26 recedes from the brake hub 14, whereby the lining 35 recedes somewhat from the brake hub.
  • the action of the braking mechanism is therefore self-relieving in the case of the reeling device which is taking up the tape and self-energizing in the case of the reeling device which is paying out the tape.
  • the braking mechanism provided by the invention therefore accomplishes regenerative and degenerative braking in a simple manner which requires relatively few parts as compared with known regenerativedegenerative braking mechanisms.
  • Another feature of the braking mechanism provided by the invention is that, as the reeling device which is paying out the tape is emptied, the braking force thereon decreases while the braking force on the reeling device which is taking up or winding the tape increases. Moreover, when the reeling device which is paying out the tape stops, the full braking force due to the bias of the springs 40 and 41 is applied to the reeling device on which the tape is wound. The reeling device from which the tape is emptied will stop first, since it has less inertia than the reeling device on which the tape is completely wound. Accordingly, the brake mechanism provided by the invention will apply full braking torque to the reeling device on which the tape is entirely wound and will bring that reeling device to a rapid halt. This counteracts whipping and tearing of the end of the tape as it dangles from the reeling device on which it is being wound.
  • the inertia of the reeling device 11 which is paying out the tape decreases as tape is unwound therefrom. Since the rotational force which is applied to the brake band 25 when brakes are applied and which is transmitted through the bar 31 to the brake band 26 depends upon the rotational energy (inertia) in the reeling device 11, this force will decrease as the tape is unwound from the reel 18. Accordingly, the braking force on the reeling device 11 will gradually decrease while the braking force 10 gradually increases.
  • the reeling device 10 is stopped before the end of the tape can move and tear excessively, as by being Whipped against the heads, guides or other parts of the tape trans-
  • the bends 27 and 28 provide smooth braking action since they absorb transients when the brakes are applied or released.
  • the initial forces developed due to the rotational energy of the reeling device 10 or 11 causes the angles formed by one of the bends 27 or 28 to increase while the angle formed by the other of the bends 27 or 28 decreases.
  • the transient motion of the bands 25 and 26 is therefore absorbed by the compression or expansion of the bends and the bands provide for smooth braking action.
  • fast forward winding operating i.e., from the reeling device to the reeling device 11
  • the same action as described above takes place, but, of course, in the reverse direction.
  • FIG. 3 a modified form of braking mechanism adapted to be associated with the brake hub 14 of the reeling device 10 is shown.
  • This mechanism is the same as shown in FIG. 1, except that a helical spring 50 is secured at one end to the anchor block 30 and at its opposite end to the brake band 26 and the bend 28 is omitted.
  • the spring 50 is a tight spring and has spring characteristics similar to the bend 28.
  • the end of the brake band is therefore effectively anchored and fixed to the block 30 as though the spring 50 were an integral part of the band 26. Expansion and contraction of this spring 50 will occur during braking, as explained in case of the bend 28.
  • the bend construction may be preferred, since the band 26 may be conveniently formed with the bend 28 as an integral part thereof.
  • a spring similar to the spring 50 may be associated with the band 25, and the bend 27 therein may be omitted.
  • a brake mechanism for cooperation with a pair of rotatable reeling devices comprising a pair of brake members disposed for braking engagement with respective ones of said reeling devices, and a freely floating bar interconnecting said brake members and arranged for simultaneously expanding one of said brake members and contracting the other of said brake members for providing differential braking when said brake members are applied in said braking engagement.
  • a brake mechanism for cooperation with a pair of reeling devices comprising a pair of brake bands dis posed for braking engagement with respective ones of said reeling devices, each having a braking portion disposed around the periphery of a different one of said reeling devices, one end of each of said braking portions being yieldably anchored, and a freely floating bar interconnecting the other ends of each of said braking portions for simultaneously expanding one of said brake bands and contracting the other of said brake bands for providing differential braking when said brake bands are applied in said braking engagement.
  • a brake mechanism for braking a pair of rotatable members between which a reelable medium is adapted to be reeled which comprises a first brake band around at least part of one of said rotatable members, a second brake band around at least part of the other of said rotatable members, said brake bands each having a resilient, yieldable portion, a freely floating bar connecting the free ends of said bands to each other and movable in op posite directions from one of said pair of rotatable members to the other, and means for moving said bar to engage said bands in and disengage said bands from braking relationship with their respective said rotatable members, said yieldable portions being free to yield upon engagement of said bands in and disengagement of said brake bands from said braking relationship.
  • a brake mechanism for braking a pair of rotatable members "between which a reelable medium is adapted to be reeled which comprises a first brake band around one of said rotatable members, a second brake band around the other of said rotatable members, a freely floating bar connected to and between free ends of said bands and movable in opposite directions from one of said pair of rotatable members to the other, and means for moving said bar without restraining its floating action to engage and disengage said bands from braking relationship with said rotatable members.
  • a brake mechanism for cooperation with reeling devices between which a tape is adapted to be reeled, said reeling devices having axes in a common plane, said mechanism comprising a pair of bands of spring material each having an angular, resilient bend therein, means for mounting said bands each around a different one of said reeling devices, said last-named means including means for fixedly mounting one end of each of said bands and a freely floating, rigid member connecting the free ends of said bands, said rigid member being movable in opposite directions from one of said devices to the other, and means for moving said rigid member in directions along a plane perpendicular to said common plane for applying and releasing said brake bands.
  • a brake mechanism for cooperation with a pair of rotatable reeling devices which comprises a pair of brake members which eliectively expand and contract separately disposed for lbralking engagement with respective ones of said reeling devices, and a freely floating bar interconnecting said brake members movable in opposite directions from one of said devices to the other for simultaneously expanding one of said brake members and contracting the other of said brake members or vice versa when said brake members are disposed in said braking engagement.
  • a braking mechanism for cooperation with a pair of reeling devices between which a reelable member is adapted to be reeled, which mechanism comprises a pair of brake members each separately disposed for braking a different one of said pair of reeling devices, a portion of each of said brake members being yieldable for expanding and contracting each of said brake members, and means comprising a freely floating member interconnecting said brake members and displaceable in opposite dircctions one for alternately expanding one of said members while contracting the other and vice versa.
  • a braking mechanism for cooperation with a pair of rotatable reeling devices which comprises a pair of brake bands separately disposed around peripheries of different ones of said reeling devices, one end of each of said bands being fixed, a freely floating bar connected to the free ends of said bands at opposite ends of said bar and movable in opposite directions from one of said devices to the other, and effectively expanding and contracting spring means constituting at least a portion of each of said bands.
  • a braking mechanism for cooperation with a pair of rotatable reeling devices which comprises a pair of brake bands separately disposed around peripheries of difierent ones of said reeling devices, one end of each of said bands being fixed, a bar connected to the free ends of said bands at opposite ends of said bar, and effectively expanding and contracting spring means constituting at least a portion of each of said bands, said spring means comprising angular bends integral with said bands.
  • a braking mechanism for a pair of rotatable, spaced reeling devices between which a reelable medium is adapted to be reeled which mechanism comprises a pair of brake bands separately disposed adjacent the peripheries of different ones of said reeling devices, one end of each of said brake bands being fixed, a rigid bar connecting the free ends of said bands, portions of said bands being made of yieldable material whereby said bands alternately contract and expand when said bar moves in opposite directions, springs means for biasing said bar in a direction to move said bands into braking engagement with said reeling devices, a rotary solenoid, and
  • a brake mechanism for cooperation with a pair of reeling devices comprising a pair of brake bands of resilient material associated separately with each of said reeling devices, means for securing one end of each of said bands in a fixed position, and means for applying a regenerative braking force to one of said reeling devices while simultaneously applying a degenerative braking force to the other of said reeling devices, said last named means including a freely floating, rigid mem ber interconnecting the opposite ends of each of said bands and movable in opposite directions from one of said devices to the other.
  • a brake mechanism for cooperation with a pair of reeling devices comprising a pair of brake bands associated respectively with each of said reeling devices, a different resilient coupling between one end of each band and a fixed point, a freely floating, rigid member interconnecting the other ends of each of said bands and movable in opposite directions from one of said devices to the other, and means for moving said rigid member thereby to apply said bands in, and release said bands from,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Unwinding Webs (AREA)
  • Controlling Rewinding, Feeding, Winding, Or Abnormalities Of Webs (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Registering, Tensioning, Guiding Webs, And Rollers Therefor (AREA)
US68894A 1960-11-14 1960-11-14 Braking mechanisms Expired - Lifetime US3092345A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL271320D NL271320A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1960-11-14
US68894A US3092345A (en) 1960-11-14 1960-11-14 Braking mechanisms
GB37083/61A GB964035A (en) 1960-11-14 1961-10-16 Braking mechanism for use in a reeling system
FR877884A FR1308828A (fr) 1960-11-14 1961-11-03 Dispositif de freinage notamment pour couples d'organes rotatifs dévideursrenvideurs
DE19611424444 DE1424444A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1960-11-14 1961-11-14

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US68894A US3092345A (en) 1960-11-14 1960-11-14 Braking mechanisms

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US3092345A true US3092345A (en) 1963-06-04

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US68894A Expired - Lifetime US3092345A (en) 1960-11-14 1960-11-14 Braking mechanisms

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US (1) US3092345A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1424444A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB964035A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL271320A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3182758A (en) * 1962-10-08 1965-05-11 Clayton Manufacturing Co Brake for chassis dynamometers
US3270935A (en) * 1963-11-29 1966-09-06 Hewlett Packard Co Tape recording and reproducing apparatus
US3415956A (en) * 1964-03-26 1968-12-10 Uchikoshi Goji Reversible magnetic tape recorder with independent head and drive means for selective use with one or two tapes
US3480358A (en) * 1966-02-01 1969-11-25 Dietzgen Co Eugene Film strip reeling apparatus
US3485459A (en) * 1967-01-26 1969-12-23 Vm Corp Braking apparatus
US3651899A (en) * 1969-10-07 1972-03-28 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Brake device in tape recorder

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2868470A (en) * 1955-05-26 1959-01-13 Ampex Magnetic tape apparatus
US2911162A (en) * 1954-11-08 1959-11-03 Ampex Magnetic tape apparatus

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2911162A (en) * 1954-11-08 1959-11-03 Ampex Magnetic tape apparatus
US2868470A (en) * 1955-05-26 1959-01-13 Ampex Magnetic tape apparatus

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3182758A (en) * 1962-10-08 1965-05-11 Clayton Manufacturing Co Brake for chassis dynamometers
US3270935A (en) * 1963-11-29 1966-09-06 Hewlett Packard Co Tape recording and reproducing apparatus
US3415956A (en) * 1964-03-26 1968-12-10 Uchikoshi Goji Reversible magnetic tape recorder with independent head and drive means for selective use with one or two tapes
US3480358A (en) * 1966-02-01 1969-11-25 Dietzgen Co Eugene Film strip reeling apparatus
US3485459A (en) * 1967-01-26 1969-12-23 Vm Corp Braking apparatus
US3651899A (en) * 1969-10-07 1972-03-28 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Brake device in tape recorder

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL271320A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE1424444A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1968-11-07
GB964035A (en) 1964-07-15

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