US3083407A - Powder cladding - Google Patents

Powder cladding Download PDF

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Publication number
US3083407A
US3083407A US818808A US81880859A US3083407A US 3083407 A US3083407 A US 3083407A US 818808 A US818808 A US 818808A US 81880859 A US81880859 A US 81880859A US 3083407 A US3083407 A US 3083407A
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United States
Prior art keywords
cladding
powder
core
metal
rolls
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US818808A
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English (en)
Inventor
Francis E Leib
John F Freeman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Copperweld Steel Co
Original Assignee
Copperweld Steel Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Copperweld Steel Co filed Critical Copperweld Steel Co
Priority to US818808A priority Critical patent/US3083407A/en
Priority to DEC21247A priority patent/DE1193775B/de
Priority to FR825784A priority patent/FR1255767A/fr
Priority to BE590662A priority patent/BE590662A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3083407A publication Critical patent/US3083407A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
    • B22F7/08—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools with one or more parts not made from powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/16—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling wire rods, bars, merchant bars, rounds wire or material of like small cross-section
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B15/00—Arrangements for performing additional metal-working operations specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B15/0007—Cutting or shearing the product
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/38—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling sheets of limited length, e.g. folded sheets, superimposed sheets, pack rolling
    • B21B2001/383—Cladded or coated products

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improvements in the cladding of a core rod or wire by the application of powder to the core surface. More particularly, this invention pertains to compacting of powder cladding material against a core surface in graduated thickness for the controllable elimination of air or gas that might otherwise be trapped in the cladding material.
  • air may sometimes be entrained or entrapped in the compacting stage of the manufacturing operation to an extent which upon heating in the heating stage may cause some local blistering, or a bursting in some cases, to the detriment of the quality at that particular locality of the end product.
  • This invention remedies the foregoing difficulty and inhibits such entrainment or entrapment by a transverse graduation of the thickness, reflecting pressure graduation, during roll compacting of the cladding powder against the core surface to achieve what appears to be a relatively very dense and a somewhat less dense area transversely, with enough porosity in the latter portion that air or gas may readily escape in the course of heating without localized blistering or bursting.
  • a transverse graduation of the thickness, reflecting pressure graduation during roll compacting of the cladding powder against the core surface to achieve what appears to be a relatively very dense and a somewhat less dense area transversely, with enough porosity in the latter portion that air or gas may readily escape in the course of heating without localized blistering or bursting.
  • FIGURE 1 is a view in side elevation of a portion of a powder applying compacting roll stand embodying this invention
  • FIGURE 2 is an end view of a portion of the apparatus shown in FIGURE 1 to illustrate, schematically, a roll pass for practicing this invention in the illustrated embodiment;
  • FIGURE 3 is a cross section of a compacted and definned green clad rod taken along line IIIIII of FIG- URE 1, and
  • FIGURE 4 is a cross section of an end product clad rod following heating, hot reduction and finish operations on a green clad rod, as shown in FIGURE 3, of a nature described in the aforesaid United States patent application.
  • the axis of the work rod portions 11, 11a and 11b is the axis of the pass line through the respective equipment items comprising the plant and at the conclusion of such stages, the composite clad rod or wire end product 19 having a ferrous core 20 and a continuous coherent cladding 21, the original powder particles of which are bonded to each other and the cladding of which is bonded to the core without, in the case of aluminum cladding on a ferrous core, any continuous layer or detrimental quantity of brittle aluminum-iron compound at the interface.
  • the invention is applicable to powder cladding whether or not the core material is rod or wire or of other shape and of the same or dissimilar composition to the cladding material.
  • the powder cladding material is densified as core and cladding go through compacting pass 14 to produce a cladding layer of graduated thickness as shown by the contour of pass 1-4 and the shape of the green cladding on the illustrative clad rod shown in FIGURE 3.
  • the radial thickness at crown point 22 of each are pressed by a particular groove 15 of the four mating Turks head rolls 1-6 is radially nearer to surface 23 of core 11 than are the portions 24 of the cladding segment produced by the sides near the edges of the respective groove 15, irrespective of whether or not the rolls are contoured with corner Vs 25 at the inner ends of mating parting surfaces 26, to produce triangular overfills integral with the fins.
  • FIGURE 3 The remainder 27 of such overfills are shown in FIGURE 3 following defiuning by a shaver 17, one embodiment of which is more fully described in United States patent application Serial No. 818,715 filed June 8, 1959, for Shaver, which application is owned by the assignee of the present application.
  • any air or other gas or vapor in the powder tends to migrate to areas 28 where porosity is suflicient for that air or gas or vapor to escape readily from the cladding.
  • entrapment is inhibited along with blistering and bursting upon heating and hot working, with consequent benefit to the quality of end product, such as that illustratively shown for example, in FIGURE 4.
  • the respective areas 28 are densified and the cladding bonded for the production of the relatively uniform end product clad rod or wire.
  • apparatus comprising, in combination, a plurality of mating Turks head rolls the axes of which lie in a plane perpendicular to the axis of said pass line, each roll having a circumferential groove therein to provide a closed circular pass in the nip of said rolls, each of said grooves presenting a smooth continuous arc in cross section the edges of which are substantially equidistant from the respective axis of rotation thereof, the radius of curvature of the center of said are being slightly greater than the radius of curvature at the ends of said are to provide a substantially circular but slightly flattened arc, whereby powder cladding compacted by said rolls will be somewhat more dense in portions thereof opposite to the centers of the groove arcs in said rolls, respectively.
  • the steps comprising, in combination, moving a rod or wire core along a pass line, concentrically feeding a substantially uniform layer of powder cladding material in the direction of movement of and into engagement with the surface of said core, compacting and densifying said layer so that the radial thickness thereof is graduated transversely around successive portions of said core to vary the density of said layer with sulficient porosity in a thicker area in said portions for escape of gas.
  • apparatus for compacting a substantially uniform layer of metal powder material as cladding against an elongated harder metal core
  • apparatus comprising, in combination, means for relatively moving said core axially through said device, means for feeding a layer of said material of substantially uniform thickness against said core, means for rolling said material into relatively dense compaction against said core substantially in the direction of said moving
  • said last-- named means having a continuous roll surface extending in the direction of movement of said core and symmetrical to each side of a plane normal to the axis of rotation of said roll surface and passing through the axis of said core, said roll surface being in graduated spatial relation to the surface of said core in a transverse direction to each side of said plane relative to the direction of said movement, said compaction approaching the density of solid metal in denser portions of said cladding material nearer said plane whereby powder cladding of said material compacted by said roll surface will be transversely graduated in thickness for readier movement of any gas toward and escape thereof from a relatively thicker portion of said compacted
  • apparatus for compacting relatively continuous particulate material, which is relatively nonextrudable at ambient temperature, as cladding against an elongated core member having a cladding surface beneath a layer of said particulate material in relatively uncompacted form
  • apparatus comprising, in combination, means for longitudinally moving said elongated core member and a substantial peripherally continuous layer of particulate material against said cladding surface through said device, a pressure member having a pressing surface for said layer of particulate material movable to a predetermined close distance from said cladding surface to cause said particulate material to be relatively densely compacted thereagainst by said pressing surface of said pressure member, means for so moving said pressing surface of said pressure member, said pressing surface in operative position being spaced nearer to said cladding surface at at least one place on said pressing surface and progressively farther from said cladding surface to the side of said one place transversely of the direction of said longitudinally moving of said elongated core member to compact said particulate material against said cladding surface with
  • Rolling process to densely compact powder metal cladding, relatively non-extrudable at ambient temperature, against solid metal work comprising, in combination, moving said work in a selected direction with a layer of said powder metal of appreciable predetermined thickness thereon, rolling in said direction said layer against said work with a selectively and transversely varied rolling pressure to compact said layer of powder metal against said work with correspondingly transversely varied densitication, said rolling pressure being varied progressively and transversely of said direction of rolling to force air or gas transversely from a portion of said cladding of greater compaction toward a portion of said cladding of lesser compaction, said portion of said cladding of lesser compaction having sufiicient porosity for readier escape of said air or gas.
  • apparatus comprising, in combination, a plurality of rolls each having a peripheral groove therein to provide a closed pass for said pass line in the nip of said rolls, each of said grooves presenting a transversely continuous concave surface corresponding generally to the shape of a transverse peripheral portion of said core member radially spaced from said concave surface toward the axis of said pass line, each of said peripheral grooves having a generally central element lying in a plane passing through the axis of said pass line, said central element being spaced a predetermined distance from the axis of said pass line, parallel elements in each groove to each side of said central element being spaced progressively farther from the axis of said pass line as the distance from said central element increases, and means for feeding powder metal positioned against said core member to said nip of said rolls for relatively dense compaction of said metal powder by

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
US818808A 1959-06-08 1959-06-08 Powder cladding Expired - Lifetime US3083407A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US818808A US3083407A (en) 1959-06-08 1959-06-08 Powder cladding
DEC21247A DE1193775B (de) 1959-06-08 1960-04-20 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufwalzen von Pulver auf einen laenglichen Kern
FR825784A FR1255767A (fr) 1959-06-08 1960-04-29 Appareil et procédé pour comprimer un matériau en poudre contre un noyau allongé
BE590662A BE590662A (fr) 1959-06-08 1960-05-09 Appareil et procédé pour comprimer un matériau en poudre contre un noyau allongé

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US818808A US3083407A (en) 1959-06-08 1959-06-08 Powder cladding

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US3083407A true US3083407A (en) 1963-04-02

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BE (1) BE590662A (de)
DE (1) DE1193775B (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3162708A (en) * 1961-06-21 1964-12-22 Sherritt Gordon Mines Ltd Method for compacting metal powder
US3277527A (en) * 1964-05-23 1966-10-11 Philips Corp Method and apparatus for manufacturing wire from powder material
US3389455A (en) * 1965-09-20 1968-06-25 Texas Instruments Inc Method of making clad rods and tubing
US6117383A (en) * 1997-07-25 2000-09-12 Kirschbaum Sportartikel Gmbh Process for producing strings for stringing rackets

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US936389A (en) * 1908-08-20 1909-10-12 Frank L O Wadsworth Method of treating metal.
US1510745A (en) * 1920-11-17 1924-10-07 Alonzo B Montgomery Briquette and method of making same
US1544305A (en) * 1922-02-03 1925-06-30 Morgan & Wright Manufacture of tire treads
US2134366A (en) * 1936-09-03 1938-10-25 Hardy Metallurg Company Production of metal sheets
US2184971A (en) * 1936-09-02 1939-12-26 Congoleum Nairn Inc Flexible smooth surface rug and method of making same
US2386604A (en) * 1943-10-30 1945-10-09 American Electro Metal Corp Method of molding under pressure metallic powders
US2603114A (en) * 1945-03-21 1952-07-15 Soudure Electr Autogene Sa Enclosed rolling mill
US2620513A (en) * 1950-03-08 1952-12-09 Union Asbestos & Rubber Co Method of and apparatus for forming pipe insulation
US2760229A (en) * 1952-09-20 1956-08-28 Lewis Eng Co Apparatus for applying plastic coating to wire

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US936389A (en) * 1908-08-20 1909-10-12 Frank L O Wadsworth Method of treating metal.
US1510745A (en) * 1920-11-17 1924-10-07 Alonzo B Montgomery Briquette and method of making same
US1544305A (en) * 1922-02-03 1925-06-30 Morgan & Wright Manufacture of tire treads
US2184971A (en) * 1936-09-02 1939-12-26 Congoleum Nairn Inc Flexible smooth surface rug and method of making same
US2134366A (en) * 1936-09-03 1938-10-25 Hardy Metallurg Company Production of metal sheets
US2386604A (en) * 1943-10-30 1945-10-09 American Electro Metal Corp Method of molding under pressure metallic powders
US2603114A (en) * 1945-03-21 1952-07-15 Soudure Electr Autogene Sa Enclosed rolling mill
US2620513A (en) * 1950-03-08 1952-12-09 Union Asbestos & Rubber Co Method of and apparatus for forming pipe insulation
US2760229A (en) * 1952-09-20 1956-08-28 Lewis Eng Co Apparatus for applying plastic coating to wire

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3162708A (en) * 1961-06-21 1964-12-22 Sherritt Gordon Mines Ltd Method for compacting metal powder
US3277527A (en) * 1964-05-23 1966-10-11 Philips Corp Method and apparatus for manufacturing wire from powder material
US3389455A (en) * 1965-09-20 1968-06-25 Texas Instruments Inc Method of making clad rods and tubing
US6117383A (en) * 1997-07-25 2000-09-12 Kirschbaum Sportartikel Gmbh Process for producing strings for stringing rackets

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1193775B (de) 1965-05-26
BE590662A (fr) 1960-11-09

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