US3079915A - Resuscitator - Google Patents

Resuscitator Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3079915A
US3079915A US748422A US74842258A US3079915A US 3079915 A US3079915 A US 3079915A US 748422 A US748422 A US 748422A US 74842258 A US74842258 A US 74842258A US 3079915 A US3079915 A US 3079915A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
chamber
gas
resuscitator
lungs
patient
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US748422A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Philip L Stanton
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US748422A priority Critical patent/US3079915A/en
Priority to FR775311A priority patent/FR1246740A/fr
Priority to GB31854/58A priority patent/GB832474A/en
Priority to DEST14411A priority patent/DE1234934B/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3079915A publication Critical patent/US3079915A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
    • A61M16/0009—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with sub-atmospheric pressure, e.g. during expiration
    • A61M16/0012—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with sub-atmospheric pressure, e.g. during expiration by Venturi means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes

Definitions

  • FIG: 7. 4 (aw United States Patent 3,679,915 RESUSCETATGR Philip L. Stanton, 389 Flintridge Galas, Pasadena, Calif. Filed July 14, 1958, Ser. No. 748,422 2 Claims. (Ql. 123-29) This invention relates to resuscitators of the pulmometric type.
  • the resistance to the flow of gas caused by the small trachea results in a premature build up of pressure in the resuscitator that will cause reversal of the mechanism thereof and eifect the exhalation cycle before the gas has properly inflated the lungs.
  • the small trachea will cause reversal of the resusciator mechanism to the inhalation cycle before the lungs of the patient have been evacuated. Failure of proper artificial respiration may also take place where the patients trachea is obstructed to the extent precluding accommodation of a gas flow suificient to produce efficient resuscitation.
  • control unit such as described which makes it possible to administer artificial respiration to small infants and animals having small trachea, in that the volume of flow of gas to these patients may be reduced below that afforded by the control usually provided on the resuscitators, without interfering with proper cyclical operation of the resuscitator to produce the desired inhalation and exhalation phases.
  • the control afforded by the present invention makes it possible to operate a re suscitator at a slower respiration rate than heretofore whereby artificial respiration may be administered with safety to patients of the type above noted.
  • Another object is to provide a resuscitator such as described which may be used in a reliable manner to resuscitate or effect controlled breathing of very small infants and animals during surgery.
  • An additional object of this invention is to provide a resuscitator control unit such as described wherein means including an expansible chamber and passage means affording communication of this chamber with the gas flow circuit between the resuscitator and the patient, makes possible the objects and advantages herein noted.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a control unit such as described, of simple construction and arrangement which readily lends itself to embodiment in any suitable manner in various types of pulmometrically controlled resuscitators, provided it will afford communication of the expansible chamber thereof with the fiow circuit between patient and the resuscitator during the inhalation and exhalation phases of operation of the resuscitator.
  • a further object hereof is to provide a resuscitate: which makes possible efficient use of extremely small endo-tracheal tubes that may be required for intuba tion of tiny premature infants and newly born puppies, kittens and other small animals, it being possible to effect the desired artificial respiration through a tube having an internal diameter less than one millimeter.
  • a novel auxiliary expansion chamber is arranged to expand and contract in response to the inhalation and exhalation phases of the resuscitator in such a manner that cessation of the inhalation phase will not take place until the patients lungs and the auxiliary chamber are supplied with gas in the amount required for desired insufilation of the lungs, regardless of the small size of the trachea of the patent; and wherein during an exhalation phase, the cessation of this phase also will not take place until the auxiliary chamber and the patients lungs are evacuated as desired, thereby preventing the objectionable premature phase changing of the resuscitator which occurred in some uses of resuscitators as heretofore employed.
  • PEG. 1 is a side elevation of a resuscitator embodying the present invention, with portions broken away for clarity of illustration;
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken on the line 2-2 of FIG. 1;
  • PEG. 3 is a sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of FIG. 2;
  • F16. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional View corresponding to PEG. 3 showing parts of the resuscitator in a different position than in PEG. 3;
  • FIG. 6 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on the line 6--6 of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken on the line 7--7 of KG. 2;
  • FIG. 8 is an enlarged fragmentary longtiudinal sectional view of the auxiliary expansion chamber unit.
  • PEG. 9 is a side elevation of a modified form of this invention.
  • control unit 1 which includes an expansi'ble chamber 2 and conduit or passage means 3 whereby the chamber may be communicated with the resuscitator or parts thereofso as to be in the gas flow circuit'between the resuscitator and the means for communicating the resuscitator with the lungs of a patient.
  • the chamber 2 will expand and contract during the inhalation and exhalation phases of the resuscitator and becomes in efiect, an enlargement of the lungs of the patient.
  • the chamber 2 expands and this cycle continues until the chamber and the lungs are supplied with gas necessary to eflect desired inflation of the lungs.
  • the resuscitator mechanism then effects the exhalation cycle.
  • the chamber 2 must be evacuated as well as the patents lungs before the resuscitator reverses to the inhalation cycle.
  • the control unit 1 includes a cylindrical housing 4 made of a light metal or other suitable light material for enclosing an elongated elastic bag 5 which forms the expansion chamber 2.
  • the bag 5 is closed at one end and open at the other end, the open end being closed by a plug 6 which also closes one end of the housing and is secured thereto by means of fastenings 7.
  • Suitable sealing meansd is provided between the plug 6 and the bag 5.
  • the other end of the housing 4 is closed by a plug 9 held in place by fastenings 10.
  • a vent hole 9 is provided in the plug 9 to permit air'to escape from the interior of the housing.
  • the passage or conduit means 3 includes a nipple 11 on the plug 6, a port 12 leading from the nipple through the plug into the bag 5 and a hose line 14 for communicating the bag 5 with the flow circuit between the resuscitator and the lungs of a patient.
  • the bag 5 is formed of rubber or other elastic material and of a thickness and nature making the bag form-retaining whereby upon evacuation of gas therefrom the walls will not completely collapse so as to interfere with inflation of the bag.
  • the bag is di-t mensioned with respect to the housing 4 so that it has sufficient clearance to expand freely laterally and axially.
  • An adjusting means may be provided to vary the effective capacity of the bag 5 inasmuch as this adjustment makes it possible to vary the respiratory rate of the resuscitator.
  • the adjusting means for the bag 5 comprises a disk 16 bearing against the closed end of the bag and movable axially in the housing in response to an adjusting screw 17 mounted in the plug 9.
  • the position of the disk 16 with respect to the plug 9 determines the action of the bag and determines the effective capacity of the expansible chamber 2 formed by the bag.
  • control unit 1 may be embodied in a resuscitator in a resuscitator in FIG. 1 and consists in supporting the unit from the gas supply line 18 leading from the source of supply ofgas not shown, to the resuscitator.
  • suitable clamps 19 may be employed. to releasably mount the unit '1 on the line 18, with the hose line 14 extending to the resuscitator.
  • the resuscitator is illustrated in detail in FIGS. 2 through 7 inclusive in order that it may be understood how the control unit 1 provides for control and modification of the operation of the resuscitator.
  • 'valve means may be pro-.
  • the resuscitator comprises a sectional body in which the a plate like sections 21 and 22 are held in assembled relation by fastenings 23.
  • a domed cover 24 encompasses these sections and provides a compartment 25 above the upper section 21, there being an atmosphere vent hole 25' in the cover.
  • the gas supply line 18 is coupled to an intake fitting 26 on the body section 21 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 7.
  • Gas under pressure passes through the fitting 26 into an intake passage 27 which extends across the body section 21 to a needle valve 23 operated by a knurled handle 29 on the exterior of the resuscitator to control the how of gas thru the resuscitator.
  • valve unit comprising valve members 32 and33 on a:- common stem 34 is mounted in the chamber 3h; The stem 34 is slidable through section 2-1 and extends into the compartment 25 where his connected with a springloaded toggle unit 35. move the stem 34- with a snap action to seat and unseat the valve members 32 and 33, by means of fluid pressure responsive means here shown as a small piston 36 reciprocable in a bore 37 in the section 21.
  • gas under pressure may flow through a port 38 (FIG. 3) into a main chamber 397 in the section 22 or flow through a port 38 (FIGS. 3 and 4) to gas operated jet pump means which latter, as here shown, includes a venturi passage 40 extending across the section 21 and vented to the atmosphere through a port 41.
  • the lower body section 22 is provided with a port 42 which opens into the main chamber 39 and provides forcommunication of this main chamber with the patient through a mask, not shown, or through any other suitable gas administering means such as the endo-tracheal tube 43.
  • the main chamber 39 has a control. port 44 to which is connected a nipple 45 in il n connected thru the hose line 14 with the control unit 1..
  • This connection places the expansion chamber 2 of the; control unit 1 in the flow circuit between the resuscitaf-fi and the patient whereby the chamber 2 constitutes in effect an enlargement of the main chamber and the lungs of the patient.
  • the venturi passage 40 of the jet pump means here shown is provided with a jet nozzle 47 which directs a jet of gas past a combined suction and discharge port 48 (See FIGS. .6 and 2) into the venturi throat 40' of the passage 40.
  • a jet nozzle 47 which directs a jet of gas past a combined suction and discharge port 48 (See FIGS. .6 and 2) into the venturi throat 40' of the passage 40.
  • this resuscitator may be operated solely to produce a continuous inhalation or msufilat'ron operation and as here shown includes a platelike baflle member 50 fixed to the under side of the body section 21 so asto restrict flow of gas through the port 48 to the atmosphere.
  • the amount .of this restriction to be 'efiected is determined at the time of assembling and testing the resuscitator by the manufacturer, and themember 37 is fixed in a predetermined position, partlycovering the port 48.
  • This-toggle unit is operated When the control valve 28 is opened sufiiciently to permit the flow of gas required to cyclically operate the resuscitator for producing the inhalation and exhalation phases, the amount of gas escaping to the atmosphere through the restricted port 48 from the main chamber 39 does not efiect continuation of this cyclical operation. However, if the valve 28 is adjusted to appreciably reduce the gas flow into the resuscitator, this reduction and the rate of escape of gas through port 4-8 makes the pressure in the chamber 39 inefiective to cause the piston 36 and associated means to shift to the position for producing the exhalation cycle, thereby causing a continuous flow of gas to the patient.
  • valve 29 on the hose line 14 is closed to render the control unit 1 inoperable inasmuch as this control unit is not required except when the resuscitator is operated cyclically to administer artificial respiration to small infants and animals having trachea of the small size hereinbefore referred to.
  • the control valve 28 is adjusted to provide the desired respiration rate insofar as this is controllable through the setting of this valve.
  • Gas under pressure now entering the intake passage 27 flows through the port 3% into the valve chamber 31. Assuming that the piston 36 is in the down position shown in FIG.
  • valve member 32 is unseated and opens the main chamber port 38 whereas the valve member 33 is seated and closes the venturi passage port 38', gas under pressure will now flow through the passage 38 into the main chamber 39, thence through the port 42 and endo-tracheal tube 43 into the lungs of the patient.
  • gas from the main chamber also flows through the control port 44 and the hose line 14 into the expansible chamber 2 of the control unit ii.
  • the adjusting screw 17 may be operated to move the disk 16 so as to move the closed end of the elastic bag 5 inwardly or outwardly to vary the capacity of the chamber 2 formed by the body and thereby vary the respiratory rate of the resuscitator.
  • the time required to fill the expansible chamber 2 with gas and to evacuate it makes it possible for the resuscitator to be operated at a slow respiratory rate such that the tiny trachea of the patient will pass the gas to and from the lungs in a manner assuring the administering of efiective artificial respiration.
  • the resuscitator is provided with a conventional positive pressure relief valve 51 and a conventional negative pressure relief valve 52, communicated with the main chamber 39 and set to open and close respectively at pressures deemed safe for the patients.
  • a resuscitator for example, such as here shown, embodying an expansible chamber control unit in accordance with this invention, may be operated safely and ly for administering artificial respiration to small infants and animals, and when desired may be operated in the usual manner without depending upon the control afforded by the expansible chamber unit.
  • a somewhat modified form of this invention provides for connection of the control unit 1 with the resuscitator in a different manner than shown in FIG. 1.
  • the hose line 14 is connected to a T-fitting 53 to which may be connected a mask not shown, or the endotracheal tube 43.
  • the fitting 53 is provided with a valve 54 whereby the unit 1 may be connected in the flow circuit between the patient and the resuscitator or disconnected therefrom.
  • this form is operable in the same manner as the form shown in FIGS. 1-8.
  • a resuscitator comprising a body having a gas chamber, a first passageway communicating with said gas chamber for admitting gas thereto and a second passageway extending from said chamber for establishing a gas flow circuit between said chamber and the lungs of a patient; gas operated means for controlling the flow of gas through said chamber, said gas operated means including a cylinder communicating with said chamber at one end and with atmosphere at the other end, and a piston reciprocable in said cylinder incident to above atmospheric and subatmospheric gas pressures in said chamber, and a valve member operably connected to said piston and mounted in said first passageway to provide alternate communication from the gas supply and the chamber, a discharge port providing communication between the gas chamber and the atmosphere, and a gas receiving bellows in said circuit in parallel to the lungs of said patient.
  • a resuscitator comprising a body having a gas chamber, 21 first passageway communicating with said gas chamber for admitting gas thereto and a second passageway extending from said chamber for establishing a gas fiow circuit between said chamber and the lungs of a patient; gas operated means for controlling the flow of gas through said chamber, said gas operated means including a cylinder communicating with said chamber at one end and with atmosphere at the other end, and a piston reciprocable in said cylinder incident to above atmospheric and subatmospheric gas pressures in said chamber, and a valve member operably connected to said piston and mounted in said first passageway to provide alternate communication from the gas supply and the chamber, a discharge port providing communication between the gas chamber and the atmosphere, and a secondary expandable chamber opening into said circuit in parallel to the lungs of said patient.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
US748422A 1958-07-14 1958-07-14 Resuscitator Expired - Lifetime US3079915A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US748422A US3079915A (en) 1958-07-14 1958-07-14 Resuscitator
FR775311A FR1246740A (fr) 1958-07-14 1958-09-24 Appareil de réanimation perfectionné
GB31854/58A GB832474A (en) 1958-07-14 1958-10-06 Resusitator
DEST14411A DE1234934B (de) 1958-07-14 1958-11-03 Pulmometrisch gesteuertes Beatmungsgeraet

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US748422A US3079915A (en) 1958-07-14 1958-07-14 Resuscitator

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3079915A true US3079915A (en) 1963-03-05

Family

ID=25009376

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US748422A Expired - Lifetime US3079915A (en) 1958-07-14 1958-07-14 Resuscitator

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3079915A (de)
DE (1) DE1234934B (de)
FR (1) FR1246740A (de)
GB (1) GB832474A (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3557785A (en) * 1968-02-28 1971-01-26 Dow Chemical Co Gas administration apparatus
US4519388A (en) * 1981-05-19 1985-05-28 Dragerwerk A.G. Respirator apparatus and method of operation thereof
US5803074A (en) * 1996-11-25 1998-09-08 Smiths Industries Medical Systems, Inc. Valve for resuscitator apparatus

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2547458A (en) * 1947-06-25 1951-04-03 Stephenson Corp Resuscitator
US2766753A (en) * 1954-04-15 1956-10-16 Dragerwerk Fa Apparatus for artificial respiration, in particular for purposes of anesthesia

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2547458A (en) * 1947-06-25 1951-04-03 Stephenson Corp Resuscitator
US2766753A (en) * 1954-04-15 1956-10-16 Dragerwerk Fa Apparatus for artificial respiration, in particular for purposes of anesthesia

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3557785A (en) * 1968-02-28 1971-01-26 Dow Chemical Co Gas administration apparatus
US4519388A (en) * 1981-05-19 1985-05-28 Dragerwerk A.G. Respirator apparatus and method of operation thereof
US5803074A (en) * 1996-11-25 1998-09-08 Smiths Industries Medical Systems, Inc. Valve for resuscitator apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1234934B (de) 1967-02-23
GB832474A (en) 1960-04-13
FR1246740A (fr) 1960-11-25

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2893381A (en) Valve means
USRE25871E (en) Lung ventilators and control mechanism therefor
US3362404A (en) Respiration apparatus for administering intermittent positive pressure breathing therapy
US3124124A (en) cross
US4436090A (en) Piston actuated, pilot valve operated breathing regulator
US3242921A (en) Breatching control valve
US3726274A (en) Non-rebreathing valve assembly and compression bulb resuscitator using same
US2453475A (en) Resuscitation apparatus
US2766753A (en) Apparatus for artificial respiration, in particular for purposes of anesthesia
GB1212528A (en) Improvements in or relating to anesthesia apparatus and resuscitators
US3251359A (en) Automatic intermittent positive pressure ventilators
US3581742A (en) Intermittent positive pressure breathing device
US3385295A (en) Apparatus for use in administering intermittent positive pressure breathing therapy
US3307542A (en) Lung ventilating equipment
US5241955A (en) Breathing apparatus
US2841142A (en) Anesthetic administering apparatus
JPH0265862A (ja) 制御可能な呼吸弁
US4167184A (en) Lung-venting apparatus
GB649229A (en) Improvements in apparatus for the control of respiration, resuscitation and anaesthesia
US4340045A (en) Lung ventilator
US2391877A (en) Respiration apparatus
US3079915A (en) Resuscitator
US2907322A (en) Apparatus for producing artificial respiration during anesthesia
US3045668A (en) Intermittent positive pressure respirator
US4452242A (en) Respirator for use in pressure chambers