US3076754A - Electrolytic apparatus - Google Patents

Electrolytic apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3076754A
US3076754A US839737A US83973759A US3076754A US 3076754 A US3076754 A US 3076754A US 839737 A US839737 A US 839737A US 83973759 A US83973759 A US 83973759A US 3076754 A US3076754 A US 3076754A
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United States
Prior art keywords
inlet
tubes
mounting block
inner tube
inlet port
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Expired - Lifetime
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US839737A
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English (en)
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Evans David Johnson
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof

Definitions

  • the electrodes are usually made of graphite and are liable to erosion in normal use, eventually resulting in irregular action and even destruction of the electrodes.
  • the main object of the invention is to provide an improved electrolytic cell comprising coaxial tubes of relatively small thickness and diameter, made of titanium and having on at least one of said tubes a very thin coating of platinum in contact with the electrolyte passing between said tubes, so that erosion of the tube surfaces may be reduced to a minimum.
  • Another object is to provide an improved electrolytic cell of relatively small size, comprising coaxial tubes made of titanium, in which the inner tube forms a passage tor cooling fluid so that the cell may be operated at high amperage without undue heating.
  • a specific object of the invention is to provide an improved cell particularly adapted for use in tne chlorination of a water supply, water being fed to the cell from the delivery pipe-line of the water to be treated, a portion of this feed being by-passed for the purpose of making up the brine to be electrolysed in the cell, and the remainder of this feed being employed for cooling the cell by passage through the inner tube.
  • a portion of this feed being by-passed for the purpose of making up the brine to be electrolysed in the cell, and the remainder of this feed being employed for cooling the cell by passage through the inner tube.
  • about ten gallons per hour could be fed to the cell, of which less than one gallon per hour would be by-passed forconversion into brine and then electrolysed into hypochlorite solution, the remainder of the ten gallons per hour being used for cooling the cell.
  • FIG. 1 represents in sectional elevation a preferred embodiment for use with a shunt feed from a water supply to be sterilized;
  • FIG. 2 is a section of the coaxial tubes on the line 22 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a similar section of a modification having three coaxial tubes.
  • the cell comprises two thin tubes 1t? and 11, made of titanium and mounted coaxially in a vertical position, with their ends fitted into two blocks 12 and 13, made of transparent plastic material, such as the polymethyl methacrylate resin known under the trademark Perspex, these blocks being fixed upon a supporting panel 14 by means of bolts 15.
  • the same panel may carry a solution-preparing apparatus (not shown) such as described in the British specification 820,275.
  • the inner tube forms the cathode of the cell, While the outer tube 11, which forms the anode, is coated internally with a very thin layer of porous platinum; the inner tube 16 may also 3,076,754 Patented Feb. 5, 1963 ice be coated with platinum, and if desired both tubes may be coated with platinum, both internally and externally.
  • the inner tube It may have an external diameter of about /2 inch, being of a thickness of 22 S.W.G. (0.028 inch) and not coated with platinum; the outer tube 11, forming the anode, may have an external diameter of inch, being of a thickness of 18 S.W.G. (0.048 inch) and coated internally with platinum, this platinum coating being of a thickness of 0.0001 inch.
  • Water or the shunt feed from the main delivery line enters'the lower block 12 through an inlet nipple 16, its fiow being controlled by means of a needle valve 17 at the bottom of the block.
  • the greater part of the water passes up the inner tube 10, from the top of which it flows out from the block 13 by way of an outlet nipple 18.
  • the inner tube 10 is seated upon a gasket 21 in the lower block 12, its upper end being jointed to a metal bush 22 secured to a bolt 23 engaged by clamping means 24 connected by screws 25 to the upper block 13.
  • the bolt 23 forms the cathode connection of the cell, being in conductive connection with the inner tube 16 at the joint 26 and having an external connector 27 fixed to its head.
  • the bush 22 is fitted with rubber or like packing rings 28 sealing against the bore of the block 13, while the lower end of the tube 19 is sealed by its gasket 21 upon which it is held firmly by the clamping means 24 at the top.
  • the outer tube 11 has its ends engaged in shouldered recesses 29 in the respective blocks, in which they are sealed by rubber or like rings 30; this tube is fitted externally with a clamp 31, to which an anode connector 32 is attached.
  • the electrolyte entering through the nipple 20 passes up the annular space between the tubes 10 and 11, which form the cathode and the anode of the cell respectively, being supplied with current from a suitable source of direct current, such as a rectifier; the hypochlorite solution produced finally emerges together with the cooling water through the outlet nipple 18, which will be connected to the point at which the injection into the main delivery is to take place.
  • a suitable source of direct current such as a rectifier
  • the cell Due to the cooling water being passed through the inner tube 10, the cell may be operated with a high amperage relative to its size, resulting in a large electrolytic production.
  • the diameters and lengths of the tubes 10 and 11 may be as desired; apparatus of different amperage may be constructed by assembling tubes of greater or less length, whi e using standard diameters and fittings, the blocks 12 and 13 being spaced apart to suit the selected length of the tubes.
  • more than two coaxial tubes made of titanium may be provided, as shown in FIG. 3, the innermost tube still affording a continuous passage for the cooling fiuid, while the outer tubes 11 and 110, which are coated internally with platinum, provide annular spaces for electrolyte to fiow in parallel streams around the innermost tube, forming a multipolar assembly between the outermost tube or anode and the innermost tube or cathode.
  • the current flowing through the electrolyte may be reversed periodically by any conventional means, such as a time-controlled reversal mechanism operating for about one minute in every hour and then restoring the normal polarity; this change of polarity will cause the detachment of any adhesions of hydrates forming on the cathode,
  • the cell may be arranged for operation with a direct feed of brine to the annular space between the tubes10 and 11, by way of the lower block 12, through an inlet nipple such as shown at 20, and with a separate supply of cooling water or other medium to the inner tube 10,also by way of the lower block, through an inlet nipple such as shown at 16, the outlets from the top of the two tubes being maintained separate or combined, according to requirements.
  • a closed electrolytic cell comprising two tubes of titanium mounted vertically between an upper and a lower insulating mounting block and arranged co-axially one within the other, the outer surface of the inner tube and the inner surface of the outer tube defining a narrow annular passage, a surface coating of platinum on that surface of at lease one of said tubes which defines said narrow passage, a first inlet defined by said lower mounting block and connected to the bottom of said narrow passage, a second inlet defined by said lower mounting block and connected to the bottom of said inner tube, an inlet port defined by said lower mounting block and connected both to said second inlet and to a conduit, which conduit is connected to an electrolyte forming device, which electrolyte forming device is connected to said first inlet, said inlet port including an adjustable valve so located as to be capable of regulating the flow of a 4 liquid from said inlet port to said second inlet relative to the flow of liquid from said inlet port to said conduit, an outlet defined by said upper mounting block connected to the top of said inner tube and to the top of said narrow passage,
  • a closed electrolytic cell according to claim 1 wherein said adjustable valve is aneedle valve positioned with its needle entering an annular collar at the bottom of said inner tube.
  • a closed electrolytic cell comprising three tubes of titanium mounted vertically-between an upper and a lower insulating mounting block and arranged co-axially one within another, the outer surface-of the inner tube the inner surface of the outer tube, and the outer and inner surfaces of the intermediate tube defining two narrow annular passages, a surface coating of platinum on that surface of at least one of the tubes which defines one of the narrow passages, a first inlet defined by said lower mounting block and connected to the bottom of said two narrow passages, a second inlet defined by said lower mounting block and connected to the bottomof the inner tube, an inlet port defined by said lower mounting block and connected both to said second inlet and to a conduit, which conduit is connected to an electrolyte forming device, which electrolyte forming device is connected to said first inlet, said inlet port including an adjustable valve so located as to be capable of regulating the flow of a liquid from said inlet port to said second inlet relative to the flow of liquid from said inlet port to said conduit, an outlet defined by said upper mounting block connected to
  • a closed electrolytic cell according to claim 4, wherein said adjustable valve is a needle valve positioned with its needle entering an annular collar at the bottom of said inner tube.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
US839737A 1958-09-15 1959-09-14 Electrolytic apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3076754A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB29458/58A GB867443A (en) 1958-09-15 1958-09-15 Improvements in electrolytic apparatus

Publications (1)

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US3076754A true US3076754A (en) 1963-02-05

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US839737A Expired - Lifetime US3076754A (en) 1958-09-15 1959-09-14 Electrolytic apparatus

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US3076754A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE582620A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH375298A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1102709B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB867443A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (2) NL124911C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3282823A (en) * 1962-09-10 1966-11-01 Swimquip Inc Electrolysis cell for production of chlorine
US3410785A (en) * 1965-08-24 1968-11-12 Nat Res Corp Vacuum metallized electrode
US3853734A (en) * 1971-08-16 1974-12-10 Micromatic Ind Inc Fluid system for honing and plating apparatus
US3873438A (en) * 1971-09-08 1975-03-25 Engelhard Min & Chem Electrolytic cell assembly including bipolar concentric electrodes
US3935092A (en) * 1971-12-14 1976-01-27 Rhone-Poulenc-Textile Purification of a chloride solution
US3953314A (en) * 1974-12-23 1976-04-27 Eastman Kodak Company Electrolytic cell construction
US4031001A (en) * 1975-08-29 1977-06-21 Hooker Chemicals & Plastics Corporation Electrolytic cell for the production of alkali metal hydroxides having removable orifices for metering fluids to the anode and cathode compartments
US4384943A (en) * 1980-09-11 1983-05-24 The University Of Virginia Alumni Patents Foundation Fluid treatment
US5091152A (en) * 1988-05-19 1992-02-25 Thomas Sr Tim L Apparatus for electrically destroying targeted organisms in fluids
WO1992008232A3 (en) * 1990-11-02 1992-06-11 Laszlo A Heredy Electrostatically promoted cold fusion process
WO1996006959A1 (en) * 1994-08-26 1996-03-07 Medical Discoveries, Inc. System for electrolyzing fluids for in vivo administration to humans and other warm blooded mammals
US5753098A (en) * 1996-04-22 1998-05-19 Excel Technologies International Corp. Cylindrical electrolyzer assembly and method
US6117285A (en) * 1994-08-26 2000-09-12 Medical Discoveries, Inc. System for carrying out sterilization of equipment
US6409895B1 (en) 2000-04-19 2002-06-25 Alcavis International, Inc. Electrolytic cell and method for electrolysis
US6547950B1 (en) * 2000-02-02 2003-04-15 Therma Corporation, Inc. Cathode rinsing station and method
US20070272549A1 (en) * 2006-05-25 2007-11-29 Davis James E Electrolysis cell assembly
US20100283169A1 (en) * 2009-05-06 2010-11-11 Emmons Stuart A Electrolytic cell diaphragm/membrane
US20140138255A1 (en) * 2012-11-16 2014-05-22 Valeri Iltshenko Method for preparing a disinfectant and an electrolyzer for carrying out this method
US20150218715A1 (en) * 2014-02-04 2015-08-06 Valeri Iltshenko Method for the production of disinfectants with a concentration of active chlorine in the range from 0 and up to 6000 ppm from a flow through diaphragm electrolyser

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL174072C (nl) * 1971-09-08 1984-04-16 Engelhard Corp Elektrolysecel.
DE102018212128A1 (de) * 2018-07-20 2020-01-23 Audi Ag Deionisationsvorrichtung, Kühleinrichtung und Verfahren zur Deionisation einer Flüssigkeit

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US820113A (en) * 1905-05-31 1906-05-08 Electric Liquid Purifying And Filtering Company Water-purifier.
US1020001A (en) * 1911-08-09 1912-03-12 Ada Henry Van Pelt Electric water purifier and filter.
CH110284A (de) * 1924-05-22 1925-05-16 Kirschke Max Elektrolyseur für die Herstellung von Bleichlaugen.
US2243761A (en) * 1936-08-25 1941-05-27 Matzka Wincenty Sterilization of liquids
US2955999A (en) * 1957-09-04 1960-10-11 Ionics Self-rectifying electrodialysis unit

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US820113A (en) * 1905-05-31 1906-05-08 Electric Liquid Purifying And Filtering Company Water-purifier.
US1020001A (en) * 1911-08-09 1912-03-12 Ada Henry Van Pelt Electric water purifier and filter.
CH110284A (de) * 1924-05-22 1925-05-16 Kirschke Max Elektrolyseur für die Herstellung von Bleichlaugen.
US2243761A (en) * 1936-08-25 1941-05-27 Matzka Wincenty Sterilization of liquids
US2955999A (en) * 1957-09-04 1960-10-11 Ionics Self-rectifying electrodialysis unit

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3282823A (en) * 1962-09-10 1966-11-01 Swimquip Inc Electrolysis cell for production of chlorine
US3410785A (en) * 1965-08-24 1968-11-12 Nat Res Corp Vacuum metallized electrode
US3853734A (en) * 1971-08-16 1974-12-10 Micromatic Ind Inc Fluid system for honing and plating apparatus
US3873438A (en) * 1971-09-08 1975-03-25 Engelhard Min & Chem Electrolytic cell assembly including bipolar concentric electrodes
US3935092A (en) * 1971-12-14 1976-01-27 Rhone-Poulenc-Textile Purification of a chloride solution
US3953314A (en) * 1974-12-23 1976-04-27 Eastman Kodak Company Electrolytic cell construction
US4031001A (en) * 1975-08-29 1977-06-21 Hooker Chemicals & Plastics Corporation Electrolytic cell for the production of alkali metal hydroxides having removable orifices for metering fluids to the anode and cathode compartments
US4384943A (en) * 1980-09-11 1983-05-24 The University Of Virginia Alumni Patents Foundation Fluid treatment
US5091152A (en) * 1988-05-19 1992-02-25 Thomas Sr Tim L Apparatus for electrically destroying targeted organisms in fluids
WO1992008232A3 (en) * 1990-11-02 1992-06-11 Laszlo A Heredy Electrostatically promoted cold fusion process
WO1996006959A1 (en) * 1994-08-26 1996-03-07 Medical Discoveries, Inc. System for electrolyzing fluids for in vivo administration to humans and other warm blooded mammals
US5507932A (en) * 1994-08-26 1996-04-16 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Apparatus for electrolyzing fluids
JP3179111B2 (ja) 1994-08-26 2001-06-25 メディカル・ディスカバリーズ・インコーポレーテッド ヒト及び他の温血動物へのインビボ投与のための流体電気分解システム
US6007686A (en) * 1994-08-26 1999-12-28 Medical Discoveries, Inc. System for elctrolyzing fluids for use as antimicrobial agents
US6117285A (en) * 1994-08-26 2000-09-12 Medical Discoveries, Inc. System for carrying out sterilization of equipment
US5753098A (en) * 1996-04-22 1998-05-19 Excel Technologies International Corp. Cylindrical electrolyzer assembly and method
US6547950B1 (en) * 2000-02-02 2003-04-15 Therma Corporation, Inc. Cathode rinsing station and method
US6409895B1 (en) 2000-04-19 2002-06-25 Alcavis International, Inc. Electrolytic cell and method for electrolysis
US20070272549A1 (en) * 2006-05-25 2007-11-29 Davis James E Electrolysis cell assembly
US7374645B2 (en) 2006-05-25 2008-05-20 Clenox, L.L.C. Electrolysis cell assembly
US20100283169A1 (en) * 2009-05-06 2010-11-11 Emmons Stuart A Electrolytic cell diaphragm/membrane
US20140138255A1 (en) * 2012-11-16 2014-05-22 Valeri Iltshenko Method for preparing a disinfectant and an electrolyzer for carrying out this method
US20150218715A1 (en) * 2014-02-04 2015-08-06 Valeri Iltshenko Method for the production of disinfectants with a concentration of active chlorine in the range from 0 and up to 6000 ppm from a flow through diaphragm electrolyser
US9903026B2 (en) * 2014-02-04 2018-02-27 Valeri Iltshenko Method for the production of disinfectants with a concentration of active chlorine in the range from 2000 and up to 6000 ppm from a flow through diaphragm electrolyzer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL124911C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE1102709B (de) 1961-03-23
NL243366A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE582620A (fr) 1959-12-31
CH375298A (de) 1964-02-15
GB867443A (en) 1961-05-10

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