US3076267A - Handpieces for dental purposes - Google Patents

Handpieces for dental purposes Download PDF

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Publication number
US3076267A
US3076267A US784650A US78465059A US3076267A US 3076267 A US3076267 A US 3076267A US 784650 A US784650 A US 784650A US 78465059 A US78465059 A US 78465059A US 3076267 A US3076267 A US 3076267A
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United States
Prior art keywords
turbine
air
handpiece
rotor
casing
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Expired - Lifetime
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US784650A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hoffmeister Erich
Rohm Kurt
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Individual
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Individual
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C1/00—Dental machines for boring or cutting ; General features of dental machines or apparatus, e.g. hand-piece design
    • A61C1/08—Machine parts specially adapted for dentistry
    • A61C1/18—Flexible shafts; Clutches or the like; Bearings or lubricating arrangements; Drives or transmissions
    • A61C1/181—Bearings or lubricating arrangements, e.g. air-cushion bearings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C1/00—Dental machines for boring or cutting ; General features of dental machines or apparatus, e.g. hand-piece design
    • A61C1/02—Dental machines for boring or cutting ; General features of dental machines or apparatus, e.g. hand-piece design characterised by the drive of the dental tools
    • A61C1/05—Dental machines for boring or cutting ; General features of dental machines or apparatus, e.g. hand-piece design characterised by the drive of the dental tools with turbine drive
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T279/00—Chucks or sockets
    • Y10T279/17—Socket type
    • Y10T279/17957—Friction grip

Definitions

  • the air turbine is arranged at the rear end of the handpiece. This means that the driving shaft, which rotates at a high speed, extends through the entire handpicce as far as the nose of the handpiece,
  • the air turbine can also lbe arranged in the vicinity of the nose part in the case of a handpiece which is not divided in the longitudinal and transverse senses.
  • the turbine is interchangeably inserted into the handpiece from the rear end thereof.
  • the turbine in la handpiece with a removable nose part, can be so inserted in ⁇ the front end of the handle that it can -be removed in the forward direction once the nose part of the handpiece has been removed.
  • the arrangement of the air turbine in the vicinity of the nose part of the handpiece necessitates a driving shaft of only short lengt-h; therefore, vibration can be almost ⁇ completely eliminated at this shaft.
  • the handpieces constructed according to the invention can run substantially more quietly and can ⁇ also be provided with more satisfactory bearings despite the high rotational speeds involved.
  • the air turbine prefferably constructed as ⁇ an axial-admission turbine since, if the turbine is conin which:
  • FIGURE l is :a longitudinal sectional view of a handpiece wherein the turbine is interchangeably inserted in Vthe rear end of a removable nose part,
  • FIGURE 2 is a diagrammatic side view of the turbine rotor with front and rear annular discs
  • FIGURE 3 is a rear view of the front annular disc or "a front View of the rear rannular disc,
  • FIGURE 4 is across-sectional view of the handpiece taken on the line IV-IV of FIGURE l,
  • lFIGURE 5 is a cross-sectional view of the handpiece f taken on the line V-V of FIGURE 1,
  • FIGURE 6 is a longitudinal sectional viewof a modiiied form ⁇ of embodiment of a handpiece which is not divided either in the longitudinal or transverse senses, but is provided with a turbine inserted interchangeably from the rear end of the handpiece up to the vicinity of the nose part thereof, the cross-sections on lines IV- IV and V-V of FIGURE 6 corresponding to FIGURES 4 and 5, respectively,
  • FIGURE 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of a further form of embodiment of a handpiece wherein the turbine is so arranged in the front end of the handle tube that the turbine can be removed in the forward direction after the nose part of the handpiece has been removed,
  • FIGURE 8 is a cross-sectional view of the handpiece taken on the line VIII--VIII of FIGURE 7, and
  • FIGURE 9 is a cross-sectional view of a handpiece taken on the line IX-IX of FIGURE 7.
  • FIGURES l to 5 The form of embodiment according to FIGURES l to 5, comprises a handpiece having a handle tube 1 into the front end of which a nose part 2 of the handpiece is screwed at 3.
  • Two ball bearings 5, 6 are arranged in the front portion of the nose part at a speciiic distance from one another which is determined by a spacer sleeve d.
  • the inner races of these ball bearings are fitted onto the turbine shaft 7.
  • the turbine shaft has a thickened or enlarged diameter rear end portion which carries a turbine rotor 8 the outer periphery of which is provided, as shown in FIGURE 2, with curved blades 9 extending in the axial direction.
  • the turbine rotor 3 is surrounded by a turbine casing I0.
  • a front closure cap I1 is inserted in the front end of the turbine casing l@ and a rear closure cap l2 is inserted in the rear end of the casing.
  • an annular disc I3 which is provided at its outer periphery with a plurality of air ducts I4 which extend obliquely to the axis of the turbine.
  • a rear annular disc 15 Arranged within the rear closure cap I2 and centred thereby is a rear annular disc 15 which in its turn is also provided at its outer periphery with a plurality of ducts I6 arranged obliquely to the axis of the turbine.
  • the front closure cap I1 of the turbine casing extends as far as the rear end of the outer race of the ball bearing 6.
  • a free annular space I@ which is used for returning the turbine discharge air, as will be described hereinafter.
  • A. sleeve I9 is screwed into the rear annular disc 15. Situated between a collar 2d at the rear end of the sleeve I9 andthe free rear end of the rear closure cap I2 there is arranged a ring 21 which is provided with a plurality of axial holes 22 distributed about its periphery. The ring 21 is used for centering the sleeve 19 with respect to the inner wall of the handpiece nose part 2.
  • an air supply pipe 23 Bearing in Huid-tight manner against an internal cone at the rear end of the sleeve I9, is an air supply pipe 23 which is arranged centrally within the handle tube l of the handpiece.
  • the air supply pipe has a thickened or enlarged diameter rear end portion 24 provided with a lateral stub pipe 2d to which an air supply hose can be connected.
  • the air supplied through this stub pipe 26 passes through the air supply pipe 23 into the cavity 27 in the sleeve 19 and through radial holes 28 in the wall of the sleeve, through the oblique ducts I6 in the rear annular disc I5, into the turbine rotor 3.
  • the air discharged from the turbine flows out through the oblique ducts 14 in the front annular disc I3 and then through the radial holes Z9 in the front closure cap Il, through the annular space 18 between the handpiece nose part and the turbine casl
  • This chuck 33 is formed o elastic material.
  • a self-locking chuck 33 for the tool shank (not shown) is inserted in the front hollow end of the turbine shaft 7.
  • the rear end of the chuck is provided with slots 34. ri'he tongues situated between the slots 3d are curve; slightly7 inwards. When the tool shank is inserted in the collet, the elastic tongues are pressed outwardly, and the tool shank is held fast by the elastic elfect produced thereby.
  • a push rod 35 whose rear thickened end 3o, projecting from the rear end of the haudpiece, is held in a rear or retracted position by means of a spring 37 which surrounds the rear end of the push rod 35.
  • the front end of the spring 37 bears against the end 3S of a sleeve 39 whose thiclzened rear end 4d is screwed at il into the rear thickened end 24 of the air supply pipe 23.
  • the rear or retracted position of the push rod S5 is defined by an abutment disc 42 which bears on the end 33 of the sleeve 39.
  • the front end of the push rod 35 is centered in a bore of the sleeve i, and, when the push rod is not being operated, terminates approximately' at the forward end face of the sleeve l?.
  • a further push rod 43 is mounted for axial movement elastically in front of the push rod 55 within the hollow turbine shaft 7.
  • the rear thickened end of this further push rod is urged by a spring 45 against a d6 which is inserted lixedly in the rear hollow end of the turbine shaft 7.
  • the front end of the second push rod i3 is guided in a bore in the turbine shaft 7 and extends approximately as far as the rear end of the tool shank (not shown) which is inserted in the chuck 33.
  • the push rod 3S For ejecting the tool from the chuck 33, it is merely necessary for the push rod 3S to be pushed forwards by pressure on the rear end of its thickened end portion 35 in opposition to the action of the spring 37. Then the front end of the push rod 35 presses on the thickened rear end led of the push rod and the tool shank is pushed out of the chuck by the front end of the push rod y 43. The two push rods 35 and d3 return to their initial positions as a result of the action of the springs 37 and AS.
  • FIGURE 6 corresponds to a considerable extent to the form of ernbodiment according to FiGURES l to 5. Like parts are designated with refere ce nurr rals.
  • the air turbine with turbine shaft 7 and ball bearings 5 and 6 can be pulled out rearwardly from the handle tube together with the air supply pipe 2.3. and 6 can be removed in the forward direction from the turbine shaft 7 and it necessary replaced by new bearings.
  • 47 is the handle tube and 48 is the handpicce nose part which is screwed removably into the front end of the handle tube 47.
  • the air turbine is inserted in the front end of the handle tube 47.
  • the turbine rotor 50 which in accordance with FIGURE 2 is provided at its outer periphery with curved blades 5l (FIGURE 8) sits on the urbine shaft 52 which extends up to the front end of the nose part i8 of the handpiece.
  • the turbine casing 53 is centred by the inner wall of the front end of the handle tube 47.
  • annular disc 5ft Inserted in the front end of the turbine casing S3 is an annular disc 5ftwhich is provided at its outer periphery with ducts 55 extending obliquely relatively to the axis.
  • the annular disc 54 is held in the turbine casing by a front closure cap 56 having a tubular extension 57 which extends as far as the rear end of the front ball bearing 53.
  • the outer race of the front ball bearing 58 is held centred in the nose part 43 of the handpiece.
  • the front closure cap 56 is tixed to the turbine casing 53 by hanging-over the front end of the turbine casing at 59.
  • the rear annular disc 60 Inserted in the rear end of the turbine casing 53 is the rear annular disc 60 which is provided at its outer periphery with ducts 6l disposed obliquely to the axial direction of the turbine shaft.
  • the rear annular disc 60 is followed by the rear closure cap 62, which is connected to the turbine casing 53 by the hanging-over of the free rear end of the said casing at 63.
  • the rear ball bearing 64 whose inner race sits on the hollow turbine shaft 52.
  • the rear closure cap 62 also carries, in a recess of its rear end face, an annular rubber packing 65 whose rear end face bears with a sealing-type action against the front face of the spacer ring 66 which centres the front end of the centrally arranged air discharge pipe 67 with espect to the handle tube 47.
  • annular rubber packing 65 whose rear end face bears with a sealing-type action against the front face of the spacer ring 66 which centres the front end of the centrally arranged air discharge pipe 67 with espect to the handle tube 47.
  • the air discharge pipe 67 extends as far as the rear end of the handpece.
  • a closure cap 69 is screwed at 70 into the rear end of the handpiece.
  • a further threaded cap 7l the bore of which serves to centre the rear end of the air discharge pipe 67, is screwed into a hole in the bottom of the closure cap 69.
  • a rubber packing 72 is also provided between the closure cap 69 and the closure cap 7l.
  • the air supply stub pipe 74 is inserted at an inclination into the closure cap 69 through the side thereof to debouch into the chamber 73 in the said cap.
  • the air supplied through the stub pipe 74 passes through the annular chamber 73 and the annular chamber 75 between the air discharge pipe 67 and handle tube e7, through the axial slots 68 of the spacer ring 65, through radial holes 76 in the rear closure cap 62 and the inclined ducts 6l of the rear disc di), into the turbine rotor 59.
  • the discharged air is guided through the inclined ducts of the front annular disc 54 into the annular chamber 77 within the front closure cap and passes through radial apertures 7S in the hollow turbine shaft 52 through the hollow interior of the turbine shaft and the air discharge pipe 67 adjoining said turbine shaft at the rear thereof, and out into the atmosphere at the rear end of the handpiece.
  • a self-locking chuck 8l for the tool shank (not shown) is inserted in the front hollow end of the turbine shaft 52.
  • This chuck -81 which is made of elastic. material is provided at its rear end with slots 82.
  • the tongues situated between the slots 82 are slightly curved in the inward direction.
  • a push rod 83 is arranged within the front end of the hollow turbine shaft 52 to permit removal of the tool shank from the chuck 81.
  • the rear thickened end 84 of this push rod bears by means of the spring 85 on the ring 86 which is fixed in the hollow turbine shaft 52 somewhat in front of the apertures 78.
  • the front end of the spring-loaded push rod 83 is guided in a bore in the turbine ⁇ shaft 52 and extends approximately as far as the rear ⁇ end of the tool shank (not shown) ⁇ which is inserted in the chuck 81.
  • the push rod 83 is pressed forwardly in opposition to the action of the spring 85 by means of a hand rod which can be inserted through the hollow discharge pipe 67 from the -rear end of the handpiece.
  • an air driven dental drill including an elongated hollow handpiece provided at one end with a nose portion and having inlet and outlet means at the other end for -motive air, shaft means including concentric rotor means at one end thereof and being provided with means at the other end to removably secure a dental bur therein, casing means to enclose said rotor, said casing including inlet and outlet means for motive air and also including air deliecting means withinsaid casing at one end to direct air generally unidirectionally longitudinally into operative engagement with said rotor, anti-friction bearing means for said shaft, means to removably position said bearing means and said rotor casing within said handpiece adjacent said one end, said handpiece being comprised of at least two separable elements, one of said elements including conduit means for separable connection between the inlet and outlet means of said handpiece and the inlet v-and outlet means of said rotor casing, one of said elements being separable from the other to permit removal of said rotor
  • said means to direct air into operative engagement with said,4 rotor includes longitudinally extending passage means axially adjacent one end of said rotor in communication with the inlet means of the casing, said outlet means of the casing being in communication with the other end of the rotor, whereby motive fluid travels axially of the rotor.
  • one of the separable elements of the handpiece comprises a nosepiece, and said means to removably position said bearing means and said rotor casing are both contained within said nosepiece, said rotor casing shaft means and bearing means being removable from said nosepiece as a unit.
  • said means to direct air within the rotor casing includes two discs, positioned one at each end of the rotor, said discs being provided with a plurality of angularly disposed pa-ssages to induce an axial twist to said motive air.
  • said separable elements of the handpiece comprise a tubular handle portion and hollow nosepiece, said rotor casing being received and positioned within said handle portion, said rotor casing shaft means and bearing means being removable from said handle portion as a unit.
  • said anti-friction bearing means includes two bearings, one disposed at the forward end of the shaft means, the other bearing being contained within the rotor casing means.
  • said means to position said casing includes an annular seat provided on the inner wall of the nose portion, the forward end of said rotor casing being adapted to engage with -said annular seat, the rear end of said casing being provided with an annularly projecting ring to engage with the inner surface of the nosepiece axially spaced from said seat, said casing having said inlet and outlet for motive air at opposite ends and being of less diameter than the interior of said nose portion to provide an annular passage for said air.
  • conduit means comprises one of the separable elements of the handpiece to permit removal of said rotor casing shaft means and bearing means as a unit.
  • conduit means includes an additional passage means in communication with the interior of the handpiece.
  • said l bearing means includes an anti-friction bearing at the forward end of the shaft means, and said nosepiece is provided with an annular seat to receive and removably position said anti-friction bearing.
  • a dental handpiece comprising an elongated handle tube having a nose portion coaxial therewith at the front end thereof, an air turbine unit removably positioned within at least the front end portion of said handle tube and comprising in combination: a shaft rotatable coaxially within said nose portion, bearings carried by and spaced longitudinally of said shaft, means on the end of said shaft nearest the front end of said handpiece to receive a dental tool, and a turbine rotor fixed to said shaft adjacent the opposite end thereof and having impeller blades on the exterior thereof and extending substantially longitudinally along said rotor; and air conducting means in said handle tube extending generally longitudinally thereof from the rear end of said handle tube to the rearward ends of said impeller blades to direct air engageably with said blades generally unidirectionally longitudinally along said blades, to the front ends thereof, thereby to rotate said rotor, said handle tube an-d nose portion thereof having connected portions separable to permit removal of said air turbine unit as an assembly longitudinally therefrom.
  • said air conducting means includes a disc-shaped member being positioned axially with respect to the rotor means, said member being provided with axially extending passages.
  • said air conducting means includes conduit means disposed within the rear of the handle tube, and a cylindrical housing is provided to enclose said rotor and disc-shaped member, said housing having an opening adapted to separably connect with said conduit means.
  • said leans to separably connect said conduit means with said housing includes a dat resilient gasket member adapted to be interposed between the abutting ends of ⁇ the conduit t means and the opening in the rotor housing, and a radially extending member is connected at the one end of said conduit means to position said conduit means for said abutting engagement.
  • an air driven dental handpieco including an elongated tubular member having a nose portion at one end and inlet and outlet connections for motive air at the other end, cylindrical rotor means including concentric hollow shaft means, bearing means for the shaft means to position said rotor means concentrically in said tubular member, said rotor means being provided with blade means positioned to be operative in response to motive air moving in an axial direction, conduit means disposed in said tubular member ⁇ for communication between the rearward end of the hollow shaft and one of the motive air connections at the other end of the tubular member, said hollow shaft means being provided with a radial passage adjacent one end o the rotor means, passage means disposed at the other end of the rotor means in communicatio-n with the interior of the tubular member and the other of said motive air connections at the other end of the tubular member.
  • An air operated dental handpiece comprising, a hollow handle containing an air supply pipe, a nose portion having a bur receiving end and connected to said ings rotatably supporting said shaft in said nose portion, said Vshaft having a bur receiving recess therein, a spring mounted rod axially supported in said pipe extending through said handle and into lsaid recess, said turbine casing being centered by means of a closure cap in the bore of the nose portion of the handpiece and the rear end thereof being centered by means of a closure cap on the front end of said pipe, said pipe being in turn centered by means of a ring on the rear end of the inner wall of the nose portion, said turbine casing and said lnose portion dening an annular space therebetween for return of air discharged by said turbine.
  • a fluid turbine driven dental drill including a tubular handpiece, a turbine rotor including a hollow shaft, one end of said shaft being provided with frictional coupling means to removably receive a dental bur, said handpiece being provided with aligned openings at either end thereof, means to rotatably mount said shaft to position said coupling means .adjacent one of the openings in the tubular handpiece, a 'rst push rod slidable in said hollow shaft and movable in one direction to eject a bur, biasing means to urge said rod in ⁇ the opposite direction, stop means to limit movement ofthe rod in said opposite direction, a second push rod slidablyV positioned within the handpiece in alignment with the lirst push rod, one end of the second push rod projecting outwardly from the other end of the handpiece, said second push rod being movable in one direction to actuate the iirst push rod, biasing means to urge the second push rod in the opposite direction, and stop means

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
US784650A 1958-01-09 1959-01-02 Handpieces for dental purposes Expired - Lifetime US3076267A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEK0033789 1958-01-09

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US3076267A true US3076267A (en) 1963-02-05

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ID=7219838

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US784650A Expired - Lifetime US3076267A (en) 1958-01-09 1959-01-02 Handpieces for dental purposes

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US (1) US3076267A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH367592A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1069824B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1220928A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB844580A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3248792A (en) * 1962-08-27 1966-05-03 American Hospital Supply Corp Air driven dental handpieces
US5340312A (en) * 1992-06-09 1994-08-23 Masahiro Murase Anti-contamination type elongated hand piece of a dental instrument

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1279285B (de) * 1962-03-05 1968-10-03 Chirana Praha Np Zahnaerztliches Bohrhandstueck mit Luftturbinenantrieb
FR2489138B1 (fr) * 1980-08-29 1985-11-29 Micro Mega Sa Tete de contre-angle a cartouche interchangeable

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1419140A (en) * 1919-08-15 1922-06-13 Richard A Hutchinson Needle-pointing machine
DE357117C (de) * 1922-08-15 Karl Martens Handbohrmaschine mit Kraftantrieb
DE456128C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1926-07-08 1928-09-15
US2180993A (en) * 1937-07-30 1939-11-21 Emory J Monnier Pneumatic motor
US2793437A (en) * 1954-06-15 1957-05-28 Florence H Wilson Hydraulic dental spindle
US2799934A (en) * 1955-12-01 1957-07-23 Bowen & Company Inc Dental drill
US2945299A (en) * 1957-08-22 1960-07-19 Carroll S Fritz Dental handpiece

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE357117C (de) * 1922-08-15 Karl Martens Handbohrmaschine mit Kraftantrieb
US1419140A (en) * 1919-08-15 1922-06-13 Richard A Hutchinson Needle-pointing machine
DE456128C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1926-07-08 1928-09-15
US2180993A (en) * 1937-07-30 1939-11-21 Emory J Monnier Pneumatic motor
US2793437A (en) * 1954-06-15 1957-05-28 Florence H Wilson Hydraulic dental spindle
US2799934A (en) * 1955-12-01 1957-07-23 Bowen & Company Inc Dental drill
US2945299A (en) * 1957-08-22 1960-07-19 Carroll S Fritz Dental handpiece

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3248792A (en) * 1962-08-27 1966-05-03 American Hospital Supply Corp Air driven dental handpieces
US5340312A (en) * 1992-06-09 1994-08-23 Masahiro Murase Anti-contamination type elongated hand piece of a dental instrument

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH367592A (de) 1963-02-28
DE1069824B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1959-11-26
FR1220928A (fr) 1960-05-30
GB844580A (en) 1960-08-17

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