US307551A - Stairs - Google Patents

Description

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PETER H. JACKSON, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

STAIRS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 307,551, dated November 41, 1884.

Application filed September 3, ISS4. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom, it may concern:

Beit known that I, PETER H. Jamison, of the eityand countyof San Francisco, and State of California, have invented an Improvement in Stairs; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

My invention relates to certain improvements in stairs which are `used in buildings, either plain or with openings for glass for il luminating.

It consists oli' risers constructed so as to form deep vertical beams, supported at the ends 0nly,with treads extending from the top'of one to the foot of the next, and an improved means for securing the two together, the formation of the nosing for the edge of each tread with a concave space at the rear, into which Iortland cement or other material may be pressed in the plastic state, so as to form a tight joint, a means for securing the nosing to the riser, and also uniting it with the foot of the next one, with means for securing the cement or other material of the tread, together Ywith certain Adetails ot' construction, all or' which will be more fully explained by reference to the ae companying drawings, in whieh Figure l is a view showing the steps with the recessed nosing, a means for uniting the riser and treads, and for applying the surface of the Portland cement or other material. Fig. 2 is a view of the step and riser, with a surface of Portland cement or other material with lights and a nosing of metal. Fig. 3 is a section ot'a stoop and steps. Fig. 4 shows a portion of a riser. Fig. is the cross-plate i'or bottom of steps,with countersunk holes for holding plaster lilling. Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of the bracketbearer. Fig. 7 is au enlarged view of the metallic bar with cyesat the ends. I

My present,invention provides for certain improvements in devices shown in patent issued to me .I uly 22, 1884. In the present caseI have shown thenosings A,which form the `front ofthe tread, cast with a recess, a, in the rear portion, which corresponds with the convex curve in the front. This recess serves adouble purpose: first, it may receive the edge of the material oi' which the tread is formed, especially if it is formed from Portland cement, asphaltum, or other plastic material, and it lits in this recess so as to prevent leakage and make tight joints; second, the advantage is that by being a much lighter casting it is not apt to be warped into a curved or crooked form when it cools, as was more apt to be the case wh en this portion was formed solid. The riser Bhasa-tlange, C, projecting outward from its front edge. Rods or bars I) extend from the inner lower part of the nosing back to this iiange C, and have eyes d made in their ends, through which bolts pass to secure the lower portion of each riser to the rear of the nosing which rests upon the top ol the next riser in front and below. Rods or bars E may also pass through or across bars I), so as to lie parallel with the nosing infront, and thema-terial of which thetread is to be formed, which may be made of Iortland cement, asphaltum, or other plastic substances, may be poured or spread into the intcrstices between these bars, a board or plate being first fixed beneath, so as t0 prevent the material from running through. rIhe rear edge of this material fills in the channel made by theupturned lip c, hefore described, while its front edge iills the recess in the nosing,thus formingatight joint, and at the same time serving as the band to hold the front lower portion oi'each riser to the top upper portion of thenext onein front. This nosing may either be cast entire with the riser, or they may be separate and. bolted to the riser. The surface oi' thetrcad may either be plain or it maybe perforated for the insertion of glass, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

By reason ci' the eyes Z in the bars, which extend from the front to rear, the rivets which are used to secure them in place pass through the eyes and thus prevent the cement from breaking out after it is in place, as would be the case ifit were not for this construction. In some cases it maybe desirable to iix an iron plate, j', across beneath the iilling of cement or plastic material, which shall remain permanently in place, being screwed to the back ofthe riser near the top, and to the Yl'ront of the one behind near the bottom. In this case the bars would not be necessary, but countersunk holes could be made in the plate tohold IOO the plastic material in place, a board being placed below, so that when the cement is pressed into and through these holes it would not run entirely through.

In my former patent I have shown brackets or bearers placed at one or more points between the ends'of the stairs, yso as to support the treads. These brackets are made of considerable depth, extending to the bottom of the riser. In the present case I have shown brackets Ii of shallow depth bolted to the rear near thetop of one riser, extending back beneath the tread, and resting upon projecting lip or flange from the front of' the lower portion of the next riser to the i'ear. By this construction these bearers occupy butlitt-le space, and when illuminating-tiles are used do not act to cut off any portion of the light which may pass through. In some cases I found it ad visable to extend the coating of Portland cement or plastic material so as to also cover the front of the risers. In this case the front of the riser and the tread will be entirely formed ofthe covering material, and the only iron part which remains in view will be the nosing before described. As this is subject to the greater portion of the wear where the stairs are being used, it will be seen that the material used in this portion ot' the step has a greater power to resist the wear, and I am thus enabled to employ the plastic material for the treads in front ofthe risers with much better effect.

In some cases I have found it desirable to form the whole surface of t-he stairs of artificial stone, and in such cases I employ metallie beams or risers, which are supported at t-heir ends as before, and have outwardly-projecting flanges at the bottom. Brackets are secured to the upper edges of these risers, cxtending backwardly, and being bolted to the flanges of those behind, so as to form supe ports at intervals in the length of the stairs, these brackets resting upon the top and flanges ofthe risers, as shown at ffl, but extending to a very little depth downward. The risers and treads are properly prepared to receive a coating of Portland cement, concrete, or other material which will set from a plastic condition, so as to form artificial stone, thus making the entire surface ot' the steps of stone without its being necessary-to make them of great thickness, as in the case of ordinary stone steps. rlhis enables me to employ the space beneath the stairs for desk-room or other purposes, as the whole depth of the iron and vconcrete formation will not be sufficient to greatly fill up the space.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-..

l. In stairs, the risers having concave-convex nosing at the top, and flange projecting from the lower front edge, together with the transverse uniting-bars, substantially as herein described.

2. The transverse uniting-bars having eyes gcther with a surface or tread formed of Portland cement or other material which sets from a plastic state, risers having an outwardlyprojecting flange formed upon the front lower edge, and the nosing with the concave recess at the rear, and to which the cement is fitted, as herein described.

3. In stairs, the risers having the recessed nosing at the upper edge, a channel formed by the flange and lip at the lower edge, trans verse uniting bars or eyebolts, and longitudinal rods, together with a coating or covering of Portland cement or other plastic material, fitting the recess and aron n d the rods and bars, as herein described.

Li. In stairs, the risers having the recessed nosing and the fianges at the lower front edge, together with treads extending from one to the other and united as shown, and the bearers resting upon the upper rear edges and lower front edges, respectively, of adjacent risers, so as to support the treads, substantially as herein described.

In stairs, the risers having nosings at the top and projecting flanges at the lower front edges, bars secured between the bottom of one riser and the nosing at the top of the next in front, said bars and risers having countersunk holes made through them, together with a filling ofplastic material covering the treads, and also covering the front of" the riser, as herein described.

6. In stairs,'metallic beams or risers, with outwardly -projecting flanges at the lower edges, and resting upon end supports, a frame resting on the tops of the risers in front, and the lower flanges of those behind at points between the ends ofthe beams, together with a covering of Portland cement, concrete, or other plasticmaterial, to form artificialfstone steps, substantially as herein described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

PETER H. Jackson.

Vitnesses: i S. H. NoURsn, l E. H. Timur.

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