US3075242A - Spinnerette for the production of hollow filaments - Google Patents

Spinnerette for the production of hollow filaments Download PDF

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Publication number
US3075242A
US3075242A US30998A US3099860A US3075242A US 3075242 A US3075242 A US 3075242A US 30998 A US30998 A US 30998A US 3099860 A US3099860 A US 3099860A US 3075242 A US3075242 A US 3075242A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
bore
insert
spinnerette
bottom plate
filament
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US30998A
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English (en)
Inventor
Grafried Emil
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
WC Heraus GmbH and Co KG
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WC Heraus GmbH and Co KG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by WC Heraus GmbH and Co KG filed Critical WC Heraus GmbH and Co KG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3075242A publication Critical patent/US3075242A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/24—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a hollow structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S425/00—Plastic article or earthenware shaping or treating: apparatus
    • Y10S425/217—Spinnerette forming conjugate, composite or hollow filaments

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to spinnerettes for the production of hollow filaments, particularly from synthetic, organic materials of high molecular weight by extrusion of the molten material.
  • spinnercttes In the production of hollow filaments from rayon and cellulosic materials by extrusion into a solidifying bath, spinnercttes have been used in which the spinning orifices are provided with axially arranged wire cores in order to produce the hollow space within the filaments. It has been suggested that this type of spinnerettes with wires mounted in the orifices be used in the production of hollow filaments from synthetic material by extrusion of the molten mass. However, numerous attempts in this direction have demonstrated that spinnerettes provided with wire cores similar to that mentioned above can not be used for producing hollow filaments of thermoplastic materials.
  • a further object of the invention is the provision of a spinncret'te which meets the requirements for successfully producing hollow filaments from a molten mass by extrusion.
  • Other objects of the invention include the production of hollow threads having non-circular cross sections.
  • a spinncrette is provided with an insert or core having a continuing cylindrical portion.
  • the insert is fitted into a bore in the spinnerette plate, so that the continuing cylindrical portion and the wall of the bore form an endless slot defining a closed, generally circular, area in the outlet surface of the spinner-cite.
  • a hollow filament is produced.
  • a lateral bore ex- 3,075,242 Patented Jan. 29, 1953 "ice tends through the spinnerette and continues into the insert where it communicates with an axial bore in the insort and in the cylindrical continuing portion of the insert, the axial bore terminating in the closed area in the outlet surface defined by the slot.
  • these bores provide a channel connecting the interior of the hollow filament with the outer atmosphere during the extrusion and stretching step. Compression of the extruded filament is thereby prevented, since, when the filaments are stretched and pulled away from the spinnerette, the resulting low pressure operates to introduce air into the filament by suction. This results in the pro duction of a flawlessly shaped hollow filament.
  • the channel form-ed by the bores provides a connection with the outer atmosphere, so that air is drawn into the hollow filament during the extrusion step. It will be apparent that any fluid introduced into the filament by suction will operate to equalize the pressure in the vicinity of the area defined by the closed slot, and therefore within the filament, with that at other points on the outlet surface of the spinnerette, which is the exterior pressure exerted upon the filament.
  • the bores provide a channel which communicates in any suitable manner with the volume or space into which the filaments are extruded. Any fluid present in this space will be drawn into the filament, as described above.
  • the bores may, of course, cornrnunicate with atmospheric pressure in any desired manner, and need not open directly into this space.
  • suitable opposing pressure may be supplied through the bores in any known manner.
  • the spinnerette according to the invention leads to the production of hollow filaments having circular or noncircular cross section from synthetic, organic materials of high molecular weight and, in fact, has been found suitable for industrial purposes.
  • the filament is not compressed during the stretching step; the inside diameter, as well as the outside diameter of the hollow filament remain substantially constant over the entire length thereof. Consequently, hollow threads produced by means of the spinnerette according to the invention particularly meet the requirements for heat insulalon and softness.
  • a spinnerette is shown with only one spinning orifice, for the sake of simplification.
  • a spinnerctte of the type contemplated herein includes a plurality, generally, a great number, of identical spinning orifices.
  • FlGURE 1 is a sectional view through a spinnerette according to the invention.
  • FlGURE 2 is a section view through the insert of FIG- URE 1;
  • FIGURE 3 is a bottom view of the insert of FIG- URE 2;
  • FIGURE 4 is a perspective view of the insert of FIG- URE 2 assembled with a spinnerette plate shown in section;
  • FIGURE 5 is a fragmentary sectional view of a spinnerctte for producing non-circular filaments.
  • FIGURE 6 is a bottom view of FIGURE 5.
  • FIGURE 1 illustrates a spinnerette plate which is intended to be mounted in a conventional cup-shaped holder of any known type.
  • the spinnerette plate designated by reference numeral 8 throughout all the figures, is provided with a bore including a first portion 10 having a comparatively large cross section and continuing over a conical portion 12 into a second short portion 14 of reduced diameter, which may be from about 1.50 mm. to about 0.20 mm.
  • An insert 16 is fitted into this bore.
  • the insert includes a cylindrical portion having two flattened side faces 18 and 2t and terminates in a cone 22 pointing toward the inlet surface in order to insure a uniform inflow of molten mass.
  • the insert continues into a cylindrical portion 24 having a diameter smaller than that of the portion 14 of the bore in the spinnerette, to form an annular spinning orifice having the desired width of the wall of a hollow filament, as it is extruded and before stretching.
  • the insert 16 is provided with an axial bore 28 which communicates with a radial bore 30.
  • the outer diameter of the annular spinning orifice resulting from this arrangement is that of the bore 14, which may be about 1.25 mm., while the diameter of the axial bore 28 may be from about 1.00 mm. to about 0.19 mm.
  • the combined bores 32, 30 and 28 form a continuing channel for drawing air from outside into a hollow filament when such filament is formed by extruding a molten mass through the annular spinning orifice defined by the short, cylindrical portion 14 of the bore through the spinnerette and the continuing insert portion 24.
  • the molten material moves initially along the flattened sides 18 and of the upper portion of the insert 16. Then, it is passed through the mentioned annular space to form a hollow filament when it is extruded through the circular slot defined by the intersection of the annular space with the outlet surface.
  • the formed filament is stretched until it reaches the desired length and the diminished cross section.
  • air is drawn by suction through the bores 32, 30 and 28, so that no low pressure is developed inside the filament; consequently, the filament is not compressed and the final product has the desired shape.
  • hollow filaments with noncircular cross section may be achieved by providing grooves in the walls of the bore 14 which grooves extend longitudinally and inwardly from the edge with the outlet surface. At least one groove, preferably two or more, for example three grooves may be provided. Thereby, hollow filaments of synthetic, organic material of high molecular weight having a non-circular cross section are obtained. When more than four grooves are provided, a star-like configuration of the filament is obtained.
  • the number of grooves is not limited but should not be excessive, in order to avoid cancellation of the desired result which is obtained by departure from the circular form.
  • the grooves may have any desired shape and good results have been obtained with rectangular or semicircular grooves.
  • FIGURES 5 and 6 An example of a spinnerette for producing non-circular hollow filaments is illustrated in FIGURES 5 and 6, in which identical parts are designated by the same reference numerals as in FIGURES 1 through 4.
  • the cylindrical bore portion 14 is provided with grooves 34, which fact results in the formation of non-circular cross sections of the hollow filaments.
  • the grooves 34 are shown to have rectangular shape.
  • the shape of the insert 16 as Well as that of the bores, may be modified within the scope of the invention.
  • the insert may be provided with more than the two illustrated flattened sides 18 and 20, or with ribs as well,
  • a conical bore may be provided for improving the convection of air.
  • the bores need not be arranged in a right angle to the direction of flow of the molten mass but they may be arranged in an angle which is different from a right angle, for example in an obtuse angle.
  • the spinnerette according to the invention may be made from metals and alloys known in the art, such as precious metals and alloys thereof; suitably, stainless steel or platinum group metals may be used.
  • the insert may be formed from a material which is different from that of the spinnerette; however, in most instances it is advantageous to use the same metal, in order to prevent loosening of the insert, which may result from a difference in thermal expansion coefficients.
  • a spinnerette comprising a heavy bottom plate having inlet and outlet surfaces and at least one bore connecting one with the other, said bore forming an opening in said outlet surface, an insert fitted axially in said bore, said insert having a cylindrical end portion of smaller diameter coaxially maintained within said opening to form a spinning orifice in the outlet surface having the shape of an endless slot defining a closed area, the remainder of said insert having at least one longitudinal portion removed to form a connecting channel from said inlet surface to said endless slot, and a sequence of bores for admitting air through said bottom plate and into said closed area, said sequence of bores including an axial bore through said insert having a first end terminating in said closed area, the second end terminating within said insert, a laterally extending bore through said insert communicating with said second end, and a continuing bore through said bottom plate for connecting said laterally extending bore with a location on the surface of the bottom plate outside said closed area.
  • a spinnerette comprising a heavy bottom plate having inlet and outlet surfaces and at least one bore connecting one with the other, said bore including an essentially cylindrical main portion and a short cylindrical outlet portion of restricted diameter, an insert having a cylindrical main portion fitted into the main portion of said bore having at least one longitudinal flattened area to form a passageway between itself and the bore wall and terminating in a cone pointing toward and terminating adjacent said inlet surface, the insert having a cylindrieal continuing end portion of restricted diameter protruding into said cylindrical outlet portion of said bore, the diameter of said outlet portion of said bore exceeding that of the cylindrical insert end portion to form a spinning orifice in the outlet surface having the shape of a circular slot enclosing a circular area, and a sequence of bores for admitting air through said bottom plate and through said insert into said circular area, said sequence of bores including a first axial bore throuph said cylindrical insert end portion having a first end terminating in said enclosed circular area, the second end terminating within said main portion of said insert, a

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
US30998A 1959-06-03 1960-05-23 Spinnerette for the production of hollow filaments Expired - Lifetime US3075242A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEH36543A DE1181366B (de) 1959-06-03 1959-06-03 Mehrlochspinnduese zur Herstellung von Hohlfaeden
DEH0038221 1959-12-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3075242A true US3075242A (en) 1963-01-29

Family

ID=25979569

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US30998A Expired - Lifetime US3075242A (en) 1959-06-03 1960-05-23 Spinnerette for the production of hollow filaments

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3075242A (de)
BE (1) BE591378A (de)
CH (1) CH386614A (de)
DE (1) DE1181366B (de)
GB (1) GB948073A (de)
NL (1) NL251828A (de)

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3296662A (en) * 1965-01-27 1967-01-10 Ethyl Corp Annular die
US3397427A (en) * 1966-09-27 1968-08-20 Du Pont Sealed vented insert spinneret
US3423491A (en) * 1964-09-02 1969-01-21 Dow Chemical Co Permselective hollow fibers and method of making
US3461197A (en) * 1963-03-22 1969-08-12 Jerome H Lemelson Method for producing composite articles
US3540080A (en) * 1966-09-21 1970-11-17 Inventa Ag Device for the spinning of multicomponent synthetic fibers
US3577935A (en) * 1967-02-01 1971-05-11 Gen Mills Inc Extrusion apparatus
US4229154A (en) * 1979-04-04 1980-10-21 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Spinneret for the production of hollow filaments
US4278415A (en) * 1979-02-21 1981-07-14 American Cyanamid Company Apparatus for melt spinning hollow fibers
US4316714A (en) * 1979-02-21 1982-02-23 American Cyanamid Company Apparatus for preparing open structure fibers
US4346053A (en) * 1979-02-21 1982-08-24 American Cyanamid Company Process for melt-spinning hollow fibers
US5046936A (en) * 1988-12-22 1991-09-10 Societe Lyonnaise Des Eaux, S.A. Draw plate for the production of membranes of an organic material
US5242644A (en) * 1990-02-20 1993-09-07 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for making capillary channel structures and extrusion die for use therein
US20090011182A1 (en) * 2003-12-12 2009-01-08 Cambridge University Technical Services Limited Extrudate Having Capillary Channels
CN103409834A (zh) * 2013-07-25 2013-11-27 安徽东锦化纤科技有限公司 一种差别化聚酯纤维的制备方法
US20190233972A1 (en) * 2018-01-31 2019-08-01 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Producing Fibers Using Spinnerets
US11253819B2 (en) 2020-05-14 2022-02-22 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Production of thin film composite hollow fiber membranes
US11406941B2 (en) 2020-02-14 2022-08-09 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Thin film composite hollow fiber membranes fabrication systems
US20230008772A1 (en) * 2021-07-08 2023-01-12 University Of Kentucky Research Foundation Spinneret, blowing system and method for producing hollow fibers

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1016391B (de) * 1957-01-18 1957-09-26 Helmut Jedlicka Verfahren zur Verbindung beliebiger Materialien unter gleichzeitiger Verwendung von Klebstoffen und mechanischen Mitteln

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE328050C (de) * 1920-10-22 Anton Nagy Dr Verfahren zur Herstellung von Hohlfaeden
DE914304C (de) * 1940-08-30 1954-07-01 Degussa Spinnduese zur Herstellung feiner kuenstlicher Hohlfaeden
FR878935A (de) * 1940-08-30 1943-02-19
BE486409A (de) * 1947-12-16
DE948732C (de) * 1952-01-01 1956-09-06 Degussa Spinnduese zur Herstellung synthetischer Hohlfaeden

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3461197A (en) * 1963-03-22 1969-08-12 Jerome H Lemelson Method for producing composite articles
US3423491A (en) * 1964-09-02 1969-01-21 Dow Chemical Co Permselective hollow fibers and method of making
US3296662A (en) * 1965-01-27 1967-01-10 Ethyl Corp Annular die
US3540080A (en) * 1966-09-21 1970-11-17 Inventa Ag Device for the spinning of multicomponent synthetic fibers
US3397427A (en) * 1966-09-27 1968-08-20 Du Pont Sealed vented insert spinneret
US3577935A (en) * 1967-02-01 1971-05-11 Gen Mills Inc Extrusion apparatus
US4278415A (en) * 1979-02-21 1981-07-14 American Cyanamid Company Apparatus for melt spinning hollow fibers
US4316714A (en) * 1979-02-21 1982-02-23 American Cyanamid Company Apparatus for preparing open structure fibers
US4346053A (en) * 1979-02-21 1982-08-24 American Cyanamid Company Process for melt-spinning hollow fibers
US4229154A (en) * 1979-04-04 1980-10-21 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Spinneret for the production of hollow filaments
US5046936A (en) * 1988-12-22 1991-09-10 Societe Lyonnaise Des Eaux, S.A. Draw plate for the production of membranes of an organic material
US5242644A (en) * 1990-02-20 1993-09-07 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for making capillary channel structures and extrusion die for use therein
US20090011182A1 (en) * 2003-12-12 2009-01-08 Cambridge University Technical Services Limited Extrudate Having Capillary Channels
US8641946B2 (en) 2003-12-12 2014-02-04 Cambridge Enterprise Limited Extrudate having capillary channels
CN103409834A (zh) * 2013-07-25 2013-11-27 安徽东锦化纤科技有限公司 一种差别化聚酯纤维的制备方法
US20190233972A1 (en) * 2018-01-31 2019-08-01 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Producing Fibers Using Spinnerets
CN111727278A (zh) * 2018-01-31 2020-09-29 沙特阿拉伯石油公司 使用喷丝器生产纤维
US10889915B2 (en) 2018-01-31 2021-01-12 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Producing fibers using spinnerets
US11674241B2 (en) 2018-01-31 2023-06-13 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Producing fibers using spinnerets
US11406941B2 (en) 2020-02-14 2022-08-09 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Thin film composite hollow fiber membranes fabrication systems
US11253819B2 (en) 2020-05-14 2022-02-22 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Production of thin film composite hollow fiber membranes
US20230008772A1 (en) * 2021-07-08 2023-01-12 University Of Kentucky Research Foundation Spinneret, blowing system and method for producing hollow fibers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1181366B (de) 1964-11-12
CH386614A (de) 1965-01-15
NL251828A (de)
BE591378A (fr) 1960-09-16
GB948073A (en) 1964-01-29

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