US3073932A - Pneumatic controls for high-voltage air blast circuit breakers - Google Patents

Pneumatic controls for high-voltage air blast circuit breakers Download PDF

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Publication number
US3073932A
US3073932A US84237459A US3073932A US 3073932 A US3073932 A US 3073932A US 84237459 A US84237459 A US 84237459A US 3073932 A US3073932 A US 3073932A
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Prior art keywords
valve
column
valve element
passageway
under pressure
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Expired - Lifetime
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English (en)
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Schulz Richard
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Voigt and Haeffner AG
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Voigt and Haeffner AG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/53—Cases; Reservoirs, tanks, piping or valves, for arc-extinguishing fluid; Accessories therefor, e.g. safety arrangements, pressure relief devices
    • H01H33/56—Gas reservoirs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/87169—Supply and exhaust
    • Y10T137/87233—Biased exhaust valve

Definitions

  • rlhis invention has reference to high-voltage circuit breakers, and more particularly to pneumatically operated high-voltage air bla-st circuit breakers.
  • Circuit breakers of the aforementioned character may be designed for circuit voltages of say 220 kv., and generally comprise a hollow insulating column which supports adjacent to its upper end pairs of cooperating separable contacts, fluid motor means for operating these contacts and means for producing arc-extinguishing blasts of gas across the gaps formed between the contacts upon separation thereof.
  • circuit breakers of the aforementioned character it is desirable to provide a supply of air under pressure adjacent the top end of the hollow insulating column from which air under pressure may be derived to control the operation of the movable parts of the circuit breaker, to operate its contact-operating fluid motors and blast valves and to establish the arc-extinguishing air blasts.
  • This location of the supply of air under pressure for control purposes makes it possible to minimize circuit breaker times because it minimizes the distance between the valves which admit air under pressure to the pneumatic control system of the circuit breaker and which vent said control system to atmosphere.
  • valve means for admitting air under pressure from the supply to the pneumatic control system of the circuit breaker and for venting the latter.
  • positive means having a minimum of inertia or weight.
  • valve means at the aforementioned location for the aforementioned purpose which valve means require but small forces for their operation and, therefore, lend themselves to be operated by linkages whose mechanical strength and weight is relatively small, and which can, therefore, readily be moved at relatively high initial speeds.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide valve Patented dan. l5, i953 means at the aforementioned location for the aforementioned purpose which are coupled in such a way with an operating or push and pull rod as to preclude changes in ambient temperature resulting in changes in the length'of the rod to affect the valve means and the operation thereof.
  • FIG. l is a section along 2 2 of FlG. 2 and shows diagrammatically some of the parts of a high-voltage circuit breaker which are at an elevated potential and supported by, and arranged adjacent the top end of a hollow insulating col-umn;
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan View of the structure shown in FIG. l;
  • FIG. 3 shows the whole insulating column and some of the parts associated with it partly in side elevation and partly in vertical section;
  • FlG. 4 is a vertical section on a larger scale than FG. 3 ot" the top end of the insulating column and the parts contained therein or associated with it.
  • FIGS. l and 2 The structure shown in FIGS. l and 2 is substantially prior art, and the invention proper has been illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • FIGS. l and 2 the two circuit ⁇ breaker heads 6, 7 are supported by a hollow insulating column 1 fully shown in FIG. 3. Both circuit breaker heads or casings 6, '7 are made of metal, and are at an elevated potential. Studs 2c in bushings 2a are used for serially connecting the separable cooperating contacts in casings 6, 7 to contacts situated in adjacent casings of the same kind, as more fully shown in my copending patent application Ser. No. 610,868, tiled September 19, 1956 for Fluid Pressure Operated Circuit Breaker Pole Units, now U.S. Patent 2,964,605 issued December 13, 1960. Reference numeral 4 has been applied to generally indicate a control mechanism arranged adjacent the upper end of column l.
  • the control mechanism 4 has been shown on larger scales in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the inside of column 1 accommodates a rod 8 of insulating material adapted to operate the control mechanism 4 from the lower end of column l which is at ground potential.
  • Air under pressure is admitted from a tank 2 situated at the bottom end of col-umn i (see FG. 3) into column 1 and is further admitted from the upper end of column l into circuit breaker heads or arcing chambers d, 7 wherein xed plug contacts 16 and cooperating nozzle contacts t7 are accommodated.
  • the right end or" .nozzle contact .1.7 forms a piston l and is acted upon by a closing spring 19.
  • Blast valve 2@ adapted to open venting port 23 is operated by a fluid motor, or pneumatic motor, which includes piston 21. The latter is biased by spring 22 and may be operated by air under pressure admitted through control pipe line 24 forming part of a pneumatic control system.
  • This invention is concerned with valve means for venting the pneumatic' system formed by pipe lines 24 and for admitting air under pressure into that pneumatic system.
  • the upper end of column 1 supports a casing 3 of metal which forms a supply of air under pressure.
  • Supporting column 1 is lmounted on a tank 2 containing air under pressure, and air under pressure contained in tank 2 may iiow through column 1 into casing 3 on the top of column l.
  • Tank 2 is at ground potential,v whereas metal casing 3 is at an elevated potential.
  • Both circuit breaker heads 6 and 7 ⁇ and the pneumatic control system 24 may be supplied with air under pressure derived from casing 3.
  • Valve means 4 are also adapted to vent control system 24 to atmosphere.
  • Valve means 4 include means defining a substantially straight passageway 9 having an upstreamend 9 and a downstream end 9".
  • Valve element 10 is arranged adjacent the upstream end ⁇ 9 of passageway 9 and adapted to cooperate with a valve seat coextensive with the upstream end 9 of passageway 9.
  • Valve element 10 has two limit positions, namely a closed position wherein it engages the valve seat, and an open position wherein it is moved downwardly, or in upstream direction, into casing 3.
  • Valve means 4 further include a second valve element 12 arranged adjacent the downstream end 9" of passageway 9 and adapted to control the venting orifices 13 provided in a casting mounted on casing 3 and defining passageway 9 as well as venting orifices 13'.
  • valve element 12 Another casting mounted on the aforementioned casting defines an orifice S for admitting air under pressure from casing or housing 3 to conduits 24.
  • the valve element 12 has a seal-off position wherein it closes the venting orifices 13, and a venting position wherein it opens the orifices 13.
  • Valve elements 10 and 12 are mounted on a common stem 14. When valve element r10 is in the open position thereof valve element 12 is in the seal-olf position thereof. When valve element 10 is in its closed position valve element 12 is in the venting position thereof.
  • Valve element 12 has an upstream surface cooperating with the orifices 13 tov close the same and a downstream surface.
  • a duct 11 extends transversely to said upstream surface and said downstream surface.
  • This duct allows air under pressure to iiow from the supply of air under pressure formed by easing 3 to control system 24 when valve element 12 is in the seal-off position thereof.
  • FIG. 4 the flow of air under pressure through duct 11 has been indicated by a pair of arrows extending in the direction of the flow of air through duct 11 formed by valve element 12.
  • Stem 14 is guided in a fixed frame structure 16.
  • One end of helical stem-biasing spring 15' rests against the valve element 10, while the opposite end of spring l15' rests against the aforementioned fixed frame structure 16.
  • spring 15 biases valve element 60 10 to the closed position thereof, and biases valve element 12 to the venting position thereof.
  • Both valve elements 10 and 12 are arranged in coaxial relation.
  • the insulating rod S inside column 1 is in coaxial relation to column 1, to valve elements 10 and 12 and to stem 65 vertical arm supporting roller means 26.
  • Reference numeral 19 has been applied to indicate the point of cooperative engagement of levers 1'7, 18 and stem 14.
  • the upper end of rod 8 supports a cam 23 engaged by roller means 2o and controlling the movement of levers 17', 1S.
  • Cam 23 comprises a first pair of oblique surfaces 22' converging in upward direction, a second pair of oblique surfaces 22 converging in downward direction, and a third pair of vertical surfaces parallel to the aforementioned plane extending vertically through rod 8.
  • the third pair of surfaces of cam 23' is arranged intermediate the first pair of surfaces 22 and the second pair of surfaces 22". No reference numeral has been applied to the third pair of surfaces of cam 23.
  • ⁇ the third pair of surfaces of cam 23 is engaged by roller means 26.
  • a pair of bolts or studs 24' and 25' is secured to the upper end of rod 8, i.e. to cam'23'.
  • Bolts or studs 24, 25' are adapted to slidably engage coaxial bores 24, 25 defined by fixed frame structure 16.
  • roller means 26 engage the'lower converging sur ⁇ faces 22 of cam 23 and rod 8 is pulled indownward direction, the spacing between roller lmeans 26 is progressively increased, ⁇ resulting in a pivotal movement of levers 17 and 18 and concomitant lowering of point 19" where levers 17' and 18 are operatively secured to stem' ⁇ 14. C0nsequently stem 14'is lowered, and spring 15I compressed, when rod 8 is pulled in downward direction..
  • Valve element 10 stresses rod 8 which has in inherently high tensile strength.
  • Valve element 10 is in its fully open position and valve element 12 is in its full seal-olf position when rollers 26 move from. the lower slanting surfaces 22 of cam 23 to its parallel vertical surfaces.
  • rollers 26 On upward movement of rod 8 rollers 26 are caused t-o engage again the two surfaces 22 on cam 23' which converge in downward direction.
  • spring 15 is allowed to expand, moving valve element 10 toward its higher or closed position, and moving valve element 12 toward its higher or venting position.
  • rod 3 is mainly subjected to tensile stress, and has an inherently high tensile strength, its weight may be light and its speed of operation high.
  • the path of compressed air from the supply 3 through passage 9 and the orifice 5 by which the upper end of valve assembly 4 is connected to the control system 24- is substantially a straight line. This tends to establish a rapid fiow of air toward and in control system 24, and' consequently a rapid operation 0f the blast valve and a rapid separation of the cooperating contacts of the circuit breaker.
  • a vertical hollow insulating column in a high-voltage circuit breaker the combination of a vertical hollow insulating column; relatively movable contact means arranged adjacent the upper end of said column; a blast valve arranged adjacent the upper end of said column for producing an arc-extinguishing blast across the gap formed between said Contact means upon separation thereof; means for filling said column with air under pressure; a pneumatic system for said contact means and blast valve arranged adjacent the upper end of said column and including tluid motor means for operating said contact means and said blast valve; said pneumatic system further comprising valve means for selectively admitting air under pressure to said fluid motor means and for venting said fluid motor means to atmosphere; said valve means including a valve housing aligned with said column, supported by the upper end thereof and permanently communicating with said upper end, said valve housing defining a substantially straight passageway in coaxial relation to said column; a first valve element arranged Iadjacent the upstream end of said passageway and having a first limit position causing opening of said passageway and a second limit position
  • a high-voltage circuit breaker the combination of a vertical hollow insulating column; relatively movable contact means arranged adiacent the upper end of said column; a blast valve arranged adjacent the upper end of said column for producing an arc-extinguishing blast across the gap formed between said Contact means upon separation thereof; a taule at the lower end of said column for filling said column with gas under pressure; a pneumatic system for said ⁇ Contact means and blast valve arranged adjacent the upper end of said column and including fluid motor means for operating said contact means and said blast valve; said pneumatic system further comprising valve means for selectively admitting gas under pressure to said fluid motor means and for venting said fluid motor means; said valve means includa valve housing aligned with said column, supported by the upper end thereof and permanently communicating with said upper end, said valve housing defining a substantially straight passageway for gas under pressure; a valve seat formed by the intake end of said passagewaydelining means; a first valve element movable in a direction longitudinally of said passageway between limit positions situated at
  • a high-voltage circuit breaker the combination of a vertical insulating column; relatively movable contact means arranged adjacent the upper end of said column; a blast valve arranged adjacent the upper end of said column for producing an arc-extinguishing blast across the gap formed between said contact means upon separation thereof; means for filling said column with gas under pressure; a pneumatic system for said contact means and blast valve arranged adjacent the upper end of said column and including fluid motor means for operating said Contact means and said blast valve; said pneumatic system further comprising valve means for selectively admitting under pressure to said ⁇ fluid motor means and for venting said fluid motor means to atmosphere; said valve means including a valve housing aligned with said column, supported by the upper end thereof and permanently communicating with said upper end, said valve housing defining a substantially straight passageway for gas under pressure; a first valve element arranged tadjacent the upstream end of said passageway and having a first limit position causing opening of said passageway and a second limit position causing closing of said passageway;
  • each of said pair of levers is provided witi one of a pair of rollers in engagement with said cani, and wherein envases said cam has a pair of converging surfaces and a pair of parallel surfaces.
  • a high-voltage circuit breaker the combination of a vertical hollow insulating column; relatively movable contact means arranged ladjacent the upper end of said column for producing an arc-extinguishing blast across the gap formed between said contact means upon separation thereof; a tank at the lower end of said column for filling said column with gas under pressure; a pneumatic system for said contact means and blast valve arranged adjacent theI upper end of said column and including duid motor means for operating said contact means and said blast valve; said pneumatic system further comprising valve means for selectively admitting gas under pressure to said fluid motor means and for venting said fluid motor means to atmosphere; said valve means comprising a valve housing aligned with said column, supported by the upper end thereof and permanently communicating ⁇ with said upper end, said valve housing deiining a substantially straight passageway for gas under pressure; a tirst valve element arranged adjacent the upstream end of said passageway and having a iirst limit position causing opening of said passageway and a second limit position causing closing of said
  • a high-voltage circuit breaker the combination of a vertical hollow insulating column; relatively movable contact means arranged adjacent the upper end of said column for producing an arc-extengiushing blast across the gap formed between said contact means upon separation thereof; a pneumatic system for said contact means and said blast valve arranged adjacent the upper end of said column and including fluid motor means for operating said contact means and said blast valve; a supply of air under pressure lfor filling said column with iair under pressure; valve means adjacent the upper end of said column for admitting air under pressure from said column to said tluid motor means and for venting said fluid motor means to atmosphere, said valve means having a valve housing aligned with said column, supported by the upper end thereof and permanently communicating with said upper end, said Valve housing accommodating a pair of valve elements having a pair of limit positions; a compression spring biasing said valve elements to one of said pair of limit positions; an insulating rod arranged inside said column extending in a direction longitudinally of said solumn for operating said vaive elements from the lower end
  • a high-voltage circuit breaker the combination of a vertical hollow insulating column; relatively movable contact means arranged adjacent the upper end of said column; a blast valve arranged adjacent the upper end of said column for producing an arc-extinguishing blast across the gap formed between said contact means upon separation thereof; a pneumatic control system for said contact means and said blast valves arranged adjacent the upper end of said column and including fluid motor means for operating said contact means and said blast valve; a supply of air under pressure for filling said column with air under pressure; valve means adjacent the upper end of said column for admitting air under pressure from said column to said fluid motor means and for venting said uid motor means to atmosphere; said valve means including a valve housing aligned with said column, supported by the upper end thereof and permanently communicating with said upper end, said valve housing defining a passageway connecting said fluid motor means with said upper end of said column; said valve Vmeans further including a first valve element arranged ⁇ adjacent the upstream end of said passageway and having an open position and
  • a high-voltage circuit breaker the combination of a vertical hollow insulating column; relatively movable contact means arranged adjacent the upper end of said column; a blast valve arranged adjacent the upper end of said column for producing an arc-extinguishing blast across the gap formed between said contact means upon separation thereof; a pneumatic system for said contact means and blast valve arranged adjacent the upper end of said column and including iiuid motor means for operating said contact means and said blast valve; a supply of air under pressure for filling said column with air under pressure; valve means adjacent the upper end of said column for admitting air under pressure from said column to said fiuid motor means ⁇ and for venting said uid motor means to atmosphere; said valve means including a valve housing aligned with said column, supported by the upper end thereof and permanently communicating with said upper end, said valve housing defining a passageway connecting said upper end of said column to said liuid motor means; said valve means further including a first valve element arranged adjacent the upstream end of said passageway and having
  • a high-voltage circuit breaker the combination of a vertical hollow insulating column; a pneumatic system adjacent the upper end of said column and including fluid motor means for operating said contact means and said blast valve; a supply of air under pressure for filling said column with air under pressure; Valve means adjacent the upper end o t said column for admitting of air under pressure from said column to said fluid motor means and for venting said fiuid motor lmeans to atmosphere; said valve means including a valve housing aligned with said column, supported by the upper end thereof and permanently communicating with said upper end, said valve housing defining a passage vay connecting said upper end of said column to said fluid motor means; said valve means further including a first valve element arranged adjacent the upstream end of said passageway and having a relatively low open position and a relatively elevated closed position; said valve means further including a second valve element arranged adjacent the downstream end of said passageway and having a relatively low seal-od position and a relatively elevated venting position, said second valve element defining a duct allowing air under
  • each of said pair of tanks housing relatively movable contact means, a blast valve and fiuid motor means for operating said contact means and said blast valve and responsive to the admission of air under pressure and to dumping of air under pressure;
  • valve means comprising a metallic casing structure arranged in coaxial relation to said column between said pair of tanks ⁇ and supported by said top end of said column and communicating with said column, ⁇ said casing structure defining a passageway extending substantially in a direction longitudinally of said column and having an orifice connected by pipe lines to said fluid motor means for selectively admitting air under pressure to and dumping air under pressure from said fluid motor means;
  • Valve stem arranged within said casing structure in coaxial relation to said column and adapted to be moved selectively in a direction longitudinally thereof to two limit positions;
  • a first valve eiement mounted on said stem and having a surface adapted to be acted upon by the pressure of air under pressure within said casing structure and within said column when said stem is in one 0f said two limit positions thereof;
  • a first valve seat adjacent the upstream end of said passageway adapted to be cooperatively engaged by a portion of said surface of said first valve element to close said passageway when said stern is in the other of said two limit positions thereof;
  • a second valve element mounted on said stem defining an aperture extending substantially in said direction longitudinally of said column and forming a portion lof said passageway, said second valve element having a surface adapted to be acted upon by the pressure of air under pressure within said casing structure and within said column when said stem is in said other of said two limit positions thereof;
  • a second valve seat intermediate said upstream end of said passageway and said orifice of said casing structure adapted to be cooperatively engaged by a portion of the surface of said second valve element situated on the side thereof remote from said orifice;
  • a valve for the control of a iiow of gas under pressure comprising a casing structure having a longitudinal axis and deining a passageway extending substantially along said longitudinal axis, said casing structure further defining an Arthur allowing gas under pressure contained within said casing structure to escape therefrom along said longitudinal axis;
  • valve stem housed within and arranged along said longitudinal axis of said casing structure and adapted to be moved selectively in a direction longitudinally thereof to two limit positions;
  • a first valve element mounted on said stem and having a surface adapted to be acted upon by the pressure of gas under pressure within said casing structure when said stem is in one of said two limit positions thereof;
  • a first valve seat adjacent the upstream end of said passageway adapted to be cooperatively engaged by a portion of said surface of said rst valve element to close said passageway when said ste-m is in the other of said two limit positions thereof;
  • a second valve element mounted on said stern defining an aperture extending substantially in the direction of said longitudinal axis of said casing structure and forming a portion of said passageway;

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US84237459 1958-09-24 1959-09-25 Pneumatic controls for high-voltage air blast circuit breakers Expired - Lifetime US3073932A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEV15100A DE1100763B (de) 1958-09-24 1958-09-24 Steuerventil fuer die Druckluft von Hochspannungsdruckluftschaltern

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US3073932A true US3073932A (en) 1963-01-15

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CH (1) CH373444A (de)
DE (1) DE1100763B (de)
FR (1) FR1235874A (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3170055A (en) * 1960-09-06 1965-02-16 Asea Ab Latching means for air-blast circuit breaker
US4215253A (en) * 1978-12-28 1980-07-29 Tilman Ted N High direct and alternating current switch

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2153400A (en) * 1936-12-14 1939-04-04 Gen Electric Electrical switch gear
US2221720A (en) * 1937-08-25 1940-11-12 Gen Electric Electric circuit interrupter
GB599970A (en) * 1945-09-25 1948-03-25 Reyrolle A & Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to electric circuit-breakers of the gas-blast type
US2724751A (en) * 1951-02-09 1955-11-22 Asea Ab Air blast circuit breaker
US2880754A (en) * 1955-12-19 1959-04-07 Power Brake Equipment Company Air relay valve operable by both input and exhaust control means
US2909193A (en) * 1955-02-23 1959-10-20 Clark Controller Co Valves and safety controls therefor
US2964605A (en) * 1955-09-22 1960-12-13 Voigt & Haeffner Ag Fluid pressure operated circuit breaker pole units
US2965735A (en) * 1956-06-07 1960-12-20 Westinghouse Electric Corp Compressed-gas circuit interrupter

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE505712A (de) *
DE698378C (de) * 1937-10-03 1940-11-08 Aeg Steuerventil fuer Druckluftantriebe elektrischer Hochspannungsschalter
DE733887C (de) * 1941-08-19 1943-04-05 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Absperrventil fuer Druckluftverteilungsanlagen

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2153400A (en) * 1936-12-14 1939-04-04 Gen Electric Electrical switch gear
US2221720A (en) * 1937-08-25 1940-11-12 Gen Electric Electric circuit interrupter
GB599970A (en) * 1945-09-25 1948-03-25 Reyrolle A & Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to electric circuit-breakers of the gas-blast type
US2724751A (en) * 1951-02-09 1955-11-22 Asea Ab Air blast circuit breaker
US2909193A (en) * 1955-02-23 1959-10-20 Clark Controller Co Valves and safety controls therefor
US2964605A (en) * 1955-09-22 1960-12-13 Voigt & Haeffner Ag Fluid pressure operated circuit breaker pole units
US2880754A (en) * 1955-12-19 1959-04-07 Power Brake Equipment Company Air relay valve operable by both input and exhaust control means
US2965735A (en) * 1956-06-07 1960-12-20 Westinghouse Electric Corp Compressed-gas circuit interrupter

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3170055A (en) * 1960-09-06 1965-02-16 Asea Ab Latching means for air-blast circuit breaker
US4215253A (en) * 1978-12-28 1980-07-29 Tilman Ted N High direct and alternating current switch

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FR1235874A (fr) 1960-07-08
DE1100763B (de) 1961-03-02
CH373444A (de) 1963-11-30

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