US3064438A

US3064438A - Pile and method of installing the same

Info

Publication number: US3064438A
Application number: US809505A
Authority: US
Inventors: Muller Ludwig
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1955-07-12
Filing date: 1959-04-28
Publication date: 1962-11-20
Anticipated expiration: 1979-11-20

Description

Nov. 20, 1962 L. MULLER PILE AND METHOD OF INSTALLING THE SAME Original Filed July 12, 1955 Imre/7: 0

L uows Mt LER Tognsys 3,064,438 Patented Nov. 20, 1962 3,064,438 HEE AND METHOD OF INSTALLING THE SAME Ludwig Mller, Wilhelmstrasse 45, Marhurg an der Lahn, Germany Original application July 12, 1955, Ser. No. 521,571, now

Patent No. 2,924,948, dated Feb. 16, 1960. Divided and this application Apr. 28, 1959, Ser. No. %9,505

2 Claims. (Cl. 61-53.58)

The present invention relates to pile making and more particularly to a method for producing a pile having a concrete casing. This application is a division of appl. Ser. No. 521,57l, now U.S. Patent No. 2,924,948.

The object of the invention is to provide a foundation method suitable for foundation purposes which can also be employed in a building ground interspersed with coarse Stones or other coarse obstructions.

The method according to the invention comprises ramring a pile to the desired depth, whereupon the edge of the hollow space produced by ramming is sealed and materials capable of being hardened, such as concrete or grout are pressed in through the pile interior for the purpose of coating the pile shaft and forming concrete bulges which indent with the surrounding soil.

According to the invention, a hollow pile shaft provided with a wedge-shaped pile foot larger than the shaft, is rammed to the desired depth, while simultaneously forming a hollow space between the shaft and the soil. This hollow space is sealed oli by a sealing means. Thereupon materials capable of being hardened are introduced into the lowest part of the pile shaft and into the hollow space surrounding the pile shaft through openings provided in the lowest part of the pile shaft, or the pile foot. Following this step, additional hardenable material is introduced into the central portion of the pile shaft through openings which are angularly displaced with respect *to the openings in the lowest part of the pile shaft, whereupon hardenable material is introduced through upper openings in the pile shaft, displaced at an angle with respect to the central openings, -for the purpose of filling the upper part of the hollow space. Due to such pressure feeding of hardenable material into the sealed hollow space and the resulting pressure built up, the sur# rounding soil is forced back and the finished jacket of hardened material occupies a considerably larger space than initially formed by the foot of the pile shaft.

The present invention attains a substantial increase of the loading Capacity of the pile with relatively small construction and labor expenditure, because the coating pro duced in the building ground and firrnly bonded to the pile shaft, supports the pile shaft in the building ground over its entire length.

The method according to the invention will -be further discussed, by way of an example, with reference to the accompanying drawing, but it should be understood that it is given by way of illustration and not of limitation and that many changes in the details thereof may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

In the drawing:

FIG. 1 is a view, partly in section, of a pile shaft driven into the ground and surrounded by a jacket of hardened material.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a mid portion of the pile shaft.

FIG. 3 is a sectional View of the foot portion of the shaft and FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the pile shaft according to FIG. 1.

A hollow pile, designated by 1, is provided with a wedge-shaped pile foot 3, having a chisel-shaped part 2. The pile has in its wall several longitudinally spaced ports Z and 2 The shaft of the pile is smaller in cross section than the pile foot 3, so that between the latter and the soil a hollow space 4 is formed, when the pile is rarnmed into the soil. A sealing means such as a collar 5 is arranged at the upper part of the pile shaft, which seals oti the hollow space when the pile has been rammed to the desired depth. A feed pipe 7 extends along the length of pipe 1 coaxally therewith and rotatable within pipe 1. Pipe 7 is guided in pipe 1 by spacer rings 8 and has in its wall several discharge ports 9 disposed level with ports Z and Z respectively and apertures 10' through spacers 8, but circumferentially staggered in reference to ports Z and Z After the pile 1 has been rammed, and the pipe 7 with the pile head 6 has been introduced and attached to the pile, hardenable liquid material is pressed in through the head 6 into the interier of the pile shaft, which at first penetrates through the openings in the pile foot Q into the hollow space 4 sealed by collar 5. When the lower part of the hollow space has been filled, the inlet pipe 7 lolacted in the interior of the pile shaft is turned in such a manner that the respective openings 9 in the inlet pipe 7, in the supporting element 8 and in the pile shaft 1 are aligned coaxially, so that the hardenable material may penetrate through these openings Z into the central part of the hollow space.

For the purpose of filling the upper part of the hollow space, the inlet pipe 7 is again turned by a certain angle for instance by means of a handle 12, whereby the upper outlet opening Z receives a direct connection with the respective opening 9 in the inlet pipe, while the inlet opening Z is closed. FIG. 1 shows the approximate out- 'line of the hardened material encasing the pile shaft upon completion of the pressure feeding causing a penetration of the initially fiowable hardening material into the surrounding soil strata even though the same may be quite firm.

What I claim is:

1. A method of making a pile structure wherein a pile shaft is encased in a cementitious material, said method comprising the steps of providing a hollow pile shaft mounting adjacent to its upper end a collar and at its lower end a foot having a wider peripheral outline than the peripheral outline of the pile shaft and including a discharge port at it's foot end and selectively closable discharge ports in its middle part and in its upper part, ramming said pile shaft With the middle and the upper ports closed until it reaches a depth at which said collar is approxirnately ush with the ground, said foot forming during the ramming operation of the pile shaft a clearance in the soil surrounding the pile shaft and closed at the upper end by said collar upon completion of the ramming operation, thereupon filling said clearance with cementitious material in several stages by first feeding cementitious material through the pile shaft and discharging the material through the discharge port at the foot end to fill the lower part of the clearance, then opening the middle port and then discharging additonally fed cementitious material through the said port to fill the middle part of the clearance and finally opening the upper port and discharging further cementitious material through said port to fill the upper part of the clearance.

2. A pile structure for ramming into the ground and anchoring it theren by encasing the pile structure with a jacket of hardened cementitious material, said pile structure comprising a hollow pile shaft member, a sealing collar having a maximum peripheral outline wider than that of the pile shaft member secured upon the pile shaft near the upper end thereof, an open hollow foot secured to the shaft member at the lower end thereof, the maximum transverse cross section of said foot being wider than that of the shaft member, said foot forming an annular space about the shaft member during the &064,438

rammng thereof and said foot closng said space at the upper end thereof upon completion of the ramming operton, and a feed ppe member for feeding cementitous material disposed within said ple shaft member substantally coaxially therewith and longtudinally rotatable in the shaft, said other pile shaft end opening into said foot and formng a lower discharge port between said shaft end and the foot for discharging cementitous material fed through said feed ppe member into the pile shaft, and said pile shaft member and feed pipe member each having in their walls several longltudnally spaced discharge ports disposed at equal levels of the two members, the longitudinaly spaced discharge ports in one of said members being circumerentiafly staggered in reference to the longtudinally spaced dscharge ports in the other member to move selected ports of the two members into registry for the dscharge OI" cementitious material by rotatrg said feed pipe member With-in the ple shaft member.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,339,955 Hardel May 11, 1920 2,403,643 Dresser July 4, 1946 2321133 Muller Feb. 2, 1960 2,924,948 Muller Feb. 16, 1960