US3042589A

US3042589A - Coke oven construction

Info

Publication number: US3042589A
Application number: US80261A
Authority: US
Inventors: Otto Carl
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1961-01-03
Filing date: 1961-01-03
Publication date: 1962-07-03
Anticipated expiration: 1979-07-03

Description

July 3, 1962 c. OTTO 3,

COKE OVEN CONSTRUCTION Filed Jan. 3, 1961 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG. I.

INVENTOR CARL OTTO MXAM ATTORNEYS.

3,042,589 Patented July 3, 1962 3,042,589 COKE OVEN CONSTRUCTION Carl Otto, 8 The Beaehway, Manhasset, N.Y. Filed Jan. 3, 1961, Ser. No. 80,261 7 Claims. (Cl. 202139) This invention relates to an improved coke oven construction. More particularly, this invention relates to a coke oven structure comprising coking chambers alternating with heating walls, wherein the coking chambers are each variably tapered, with the taper at the pusher side of the chamber greater than the taper at the coke side of the chamber.

Modern regenerative coke oven chambers are typically about 40 to 43 feet in length, with the coking chamber running the full width of the battery of which they are part. Traditionally, the coking chamber is about 12 to 14 feet high and 18 inches wide, with a constant taper horn one end of chamber to the other. This taper is generally from about 1.5 to 4 inches over the length of the chamber, with the narrowest width at the pusher side and the widest width at the coke side. Accordingly, after the coking is completed and the oven is pushed, the taper facilitates the pushing of the coke from the chamber through the wider coke side.

The pushing of the coke is generally carried out by a powerful pusher machine equipped with a large ram. The ram, which actually pushes the coke out of the oven, has a head with a cross-sectional area just slightly less than that of the pusher side (narrow side) of the oven. The center line of the ram head is brought approximately in line with the center line of the oven chamber, and the ram head is gradually brought to bear upon the coke face, and pressure is applied. The coke is thus under greatest compression at the pusher side, and therefore exerts a higher compressive force at the side walls of the coking chamber at the pusher side than on the side walls of the coking chamber at the coke side. The design of coke ovens heretofore, wherein the taper is constant throughout the length of the coking chamber, has failed to take account of this differential in pressure transmission, so that frequently considerable power requirements from the pusher are needed in order to assure satisfactory removal of the coke from the chamber.

. It is therefore an object of this invention to provide an improved coke oven construction whereby the coke may be more easily removed from the oven chamber than was heretofore possible.

Another object is to provide an improved coke oven construction whereby the overall volume for a given coking chamber is increased, thereby resulting in an increased coking capacity.

Additional objects, characteristics and features of this invention will become apparent from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying illustrative drawings.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a broken transverse sectional view of a horizontal regnerative by-product coke oven battery;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line 2-2 in FIG. 1; and

FIGS. 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, and 3E, when placed bottom to top with FIG. 3A at the top illustrate together a horizontal sectional view of a coking chamber in enlarged scale.

Referring now to the drawings in detail, FIG. 1 shows a byproduct coke oven generally designated by the numeral 10. The oven comprises horizontally disposed coking chambers 1'2 alternating with heating walls 14. These heating walls may be designed to conform to any of the usual constructions and generally will comprise a pair of spaced apart refractory brick liners 16 with flues 18 therebetween, the flues being separated and partially defined by binders 20.

The lines may be arranged in any standard fashion so as to provide a two-divided oven, a four-divided oven, a.

hairpin fiue oven or a cross over oven, the particular arrangement having no direct bearing on the invention herein. Moreover, a waste heat oven would also benefit from this invention as does the regenerative oven illustrated herein. The regenerative oven shown includes a plurality of spaced apart regenerators 22 disposed below the deck 24- for preheating combustion air supplied thereto from sole channels 26 when air moves upwardly through the regenerator and for absorbing waste heat from the combustion gases when said gases move downwardly through the regenerators. It should also be understood that the present invention is adapted to operate with lean gas ovens and underjet ovens as Well as with the gun flue oven illustrated. In this connection gun flues 27 which are connected to nozzles 28 in the bottoms of flues 18 by means of passages 29 supply rich gas to said fines when the fines serve as up fines, that is when gas and air move upwardly therethrough and, during alternate periods, when products of combustion move downwardly through said flue 18 to render said flue a down flue, the gas supply from the gun flue 27 is turned ofi.

My invention resides in the design of the coking chamber 12, and is best understood by reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. In accordance with one aspect of my invention, a coking chamber 12 is provided that is capable of holding a greater volume of charged coal than was heretofore possible, and at the same time this chamber facilitates easier removal of the finished coke from the chamber. I have found that if, instead of constructing a coking chamber of constant taper of say four inches over the length of the chamber, a chamber having a steeper taper at the pusher side than at the coking side is constructed, the finished coke charge may be pushed from the chamber much more easily and with less power requirements than would be needed for a comparable constant-tapered chamber.

In the United States the conventional length of a coke oven chamber is about 40 feet, and the steepest taper used is generally about four inches over the 40 feet. I have found that an oven of 50 feet in length can be constructed and that the chamber can be easily pushed even through the total taper over the 50 foot length is only four inches. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, I have designed a special coking chamber 12, and this chamber can be thought of as divided into five 10 foot zones. The first zone 30 adjacent the door opening 31 through which the pusher enters the chamber is given a steep taper, for instance 1% inches; the second zone 32, is given a less steep taper of, for instance, 1 inch; the third zone 34, a slightly smaller taper of, for instance, inch; the fourth zone 36, only, for instance, a /2 inch taper; and the fifth zone 38, a /2 inch taper. Thus, for a coking chamber having a 15 inch width at the pusher side and a 19 inch width at the coke side, each 10 foot length would have dimensions as fol lows:

zone of the coking chamber, where the compressive forces (resulting from the pusher) are greatest, permits the development of a greater pressure component in the direction of the coke side than would be developed if a less steep taper (uni-form over the entire length) were used, so that there is a corresponding decrease in the amount of force required from the pusher in order to push the oven.

In addition, it will be noted that the average width of this coking chamber is about 17.4 inches, whereas the average width of a uniformly tapered coking chamber having a width of 15 inches at the pusher side and 19 inches at the coke side is only 17 inches. Accordingly, the capacity of the variably tapered chamber is about 2.5 percent greater than that of the usual constant-tapered chamber.

Another reason that a variable taper steeper at the pusher end than at the coke side of the chamber is so effective is that when a coke chamber with a width of less than about 16 inches is filled with coal, the coal (when pushed) seems to exert a greater pressure upon the side walls than the pressure that would be exerted where the width of the chamber is greater than 16 inches. That is, with a width of greater than 16 inches there is a cushioning effect at the center portion of the chamber, so that upon pressure by the pusher, this full pressure is not trans mitted against the side walls because part of it is absorbed by this central cushioning effect. Thus, the desirability of a steeper taper at the narrower width portion of the coking chamber, to thereby provide a greater pressure component in the direction of the coke side of the chamber.

Of course, my invention is applicable to coking chambers wherein the total taper over the length of the chamber is either less than or greater than four inches, the major requirement being that the taper at the pusher side of the chamber be greater than that at the coking side.

While the invention has been described with respect to a regenerative gun flue coke oven, it will be apparent that it is also applicable to other types of coke ovens as well.

It will be noted that the invention is not limited to coke oven chambers having a length of 50 feet, but would also be applicable to chambers of somewhat lesser or greater lengths although the range of lengths in which this invention is presently advantageous appears to be between about 40 feet and about 50 feet. Likewise, there is nothing critical about the use of five zones as described herein, and a larger or smaller number of zones, e.g. even a six zone or a two zone chamber would also be suitable, again provided that the zone (or zones) near the pusher end of the chamber have a steeper taper than the zone (or zones) near the end. It is preferred that the average taper throughout the length of the coking chamber be in the range of .7 to 1 inch per feet and the preferred degree of difference between the tapers at the pusher and coke sides of the coking chamber be about inch per 10 feet.

While I have herein shown and described the preferred form of this invention and have suggested various modifications therein, it will be understood that other changes and modifications may be made therein within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention.

What I claim is:

1. A coke oven battery comprising a plurality of spaced apart coking chambers and heating walls therebetween, each of said coking chambers being variably tapered over the length of the chamber and having a steeper taper at the pusher side of said chamber than at the coke side of said chamber.

2. The coke oven battery of claim 1 wherein the average taper throughout the overall length of said coking chamber is about one inch for every ten feet of length.

3. A coke oven battery comprising a plurality of spaced apart coking chambers with heating walls disposed therebetween, each of said coking chambers being between about 40 and 50 feet in length, 12 to 14 feet in height, and being about 19 inches wide at the coke side and 15 inches at the pusher side, each coking chamber being variably tapered with the taper at the pusher side being greater than the taper at the coke side.

4. The coke oven structure of claim 3 wherein the taper over the first ten feet of the pusher side is about 1 /4 inches and the taper over the first ten feet of the coke side is about /2 inch, with the taper of the intermediate portion of the chamber varying between about 1inch per ten feet of length of coking chamber and about /2 inch per ten feet of length of coking chamber and gradually decreasing over the length of the chamber as it extends from the pushing side to the coke side.

5. A coke oven battery comprising a plurality of spaced apart coking chambers with heating walls disposed therebetween, each of said coking chambers being between about 40 and 50 feet in length, and being of nominal 18 inch width, each coking chamber being variably tapered with the taper at the pusher side being about /4 inch per 10 feet greater than the taper at the coke side.

6. A coke oven battery comprising a plurality of spaced apart coking chambers and heating walls therebetween, at least one of said coking chambers being variably tapered over the length of the chamber and having a steeper taper at the pusher side of said chamber than at the coke side of said chamber.

7. A coke oven battery comprising a plurality of spaced apart coking chambers with heating walls disposed therebetween, each of said coking chambers being between about 40 and 50 feet in length, '12 to 14 feet in height, and being about 19 inches wide at the coke side and '15 inches at the pusher side, at least one of said coking chambers being variably tapered with the taper at the pusher side being greater than the taper at the coke side.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,599,075 Carpenter Mar. 30, 1956

Claims

1. A COKE OVEN BATTERY COMPRISING A PLURALITY OF SPACED APART COKING CHAMBERS AND HEATING WALLS THEREBETWEEN. EACH OF SAID COKING CHAMBERS BEING VARIABLY TAPERED OVER THE LENGTH OF THE CHAMBER AND HAVING A STEEPER TAPER AT THE PUSHER SIDE OF SAID CHAMBER THAN AT THE COKE SIDE OF SAID CHAMBER.