US3041489A - Single-beam color television picture tube - Google Patents

Single-beam color television picture tube Download PDF

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Publication number
US3041489A
US3041489A US840706A US84070659A US3041489A US 3041489 A US3041489 A US 3041489A US 840706 A US840706 A US 840706A US 84070659 A US84070659 A US 84070659A US 3041489 A US3041489 A US 3041489A
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Prior art keywords
color
grid
picture
screen
electron beam
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US840706A
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English (en)
Inventor
Veith Werner
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Siemens and Halske AG
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Siemens and Halske AG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/16—Picture reproducers using cathode ray tubes
    • H04N9/22—Picture reproducers using cathode ray tubes using the same beam for more than one primary colour information
    • H04N9/26—Picture reproducers using cathode ray tubes using the same beam for more than one primary colour information using electron-optical colour selection means, e.g. line grid, deflection means in or near the gun or near the phosphor screen
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
    • H01J31/08—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted, or stored
    • H01J31/10—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes
    • H01J31/20—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes for displaying images or patterns in two or more colours
    • H01J31/201—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes for displaying images or patterns in two or more colours using a colour-selection electrode

Definitions

  • a tube of this type exhibiting great striking certanty is, for example, the shadow m-ask tube Operating with three separate electron beams, each of which can be modulated with respect to its intensity.
  • the so-called masking electrode of such a tube contains a great number of holes-which have respectively allocated thereto, upon the picture screen, a group of very small and usually circular surfaces, such surfaces corresponding to the basic colors and being respectively struck at difierent angles of incidence by the electron beams projected through the respective holes.
  • a grid system-ahead of the picture screen through which the electron beam is at difierent instances directed upon difierent color surfaces, especial1y color strips.
  • the color selection grid consists of two parts, such that each one of a plurality of wires extending in parallel in one plane is connected to each side always with the second next wire and that correspondingly modulated color selection voltage is connected between directly adjacent wires.
  • the luminescent screen In connection with another known color picture tube, the luminescent screen consists of regularly disposed color strips which are combined in groups in accordance with the three basic colors, a secondary emission strip being inserted between each two of such color strips.
  • the deflection velocty of the beam is by means of an auxiliary pilot beam, based upon released secondary electrons, so adjusted, by a very complicated procedure and by way of a correspondingly involved amplifier requiring ice about forty tubes, that the correct color is in -any instant struck by the beam.
  • the problem underlying the invention is to provide a color picture tube of simple -construction, Operating with only one electron beam, wherein the desired colors for each individual picture point are struck with absolute certainty over the entire picture by producing, within the range of a particular control device serving the color selection, at the beginning of -a strong acceleration field, electrons which are easily controlled for the purpose in view, that is, relatively slow electrons, while the requirements placed on the deflection elements correspond substantially to those which are posed in the case of simple picture tubes (monochrome tubes) or in the case of oscillograph tubes.
  • the color picture tube shall inter alia also satisfy the requirements of the so-called National Television System Committee, hereinafter referred to as--the NTSC method, and shall also be directly applicable, that is, without changing the modulation voltage on the color selection grid, for the reproduction of monochrome pictures.
  • This object is in accordanoe with the invention achieved by providing a color television picture tube having focusing and deflection means customary in the case of monochrorne picture tubes and, among others, having disposed in the evacuated tube stern a system for producing an electron beam which is controllable (which can be modulated) with respect to its intensity, and having a picture screen to which is 'applied a high voltage and provided with at least two regularly discretely distributed surfaces (strips) of luminescent substances which become luminous in -difierent colors responsive to electron impact and form an elementary group, and having moreover at least one grid disposed ahead of the picture screen spaced there'om and extending practically parallel thereto, by making the grid, in the manner of a Venetian blini-of narrow metallic slats', the width and doubled mutual spacing amounting at the most to one and one-half of the picture point width, mutually corresponding positions of neighboring individual elements being mutually spaced from one another approximately corresponding to the single picture point width or less, by
  • the electrons emerging from the grid arrangement under the influence of the strong pulling field of the screen are defiected and thereby particularly ⁇ aceurately focused upon the screen, and, moreover, that all electrons have substantially identical velocity, so as to ⁇ obtain good conu'ast action in addition to good striking certainty.
  • FIG. l shows a color picture tube according to the invention, also indicating the course of the electron beam
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 show the grid arrangement and respectively indicate the beam course at different breke or suppression conditions; FIG. 3 however showing, as contrasted with the other figures, an example of an arraigement without auxiliary color selection grid, namely, an arrangement in which the color selection voltage is placed on the screen electrode.
  • FIG. illustrates circuit features and indicates typical voltage conditions to give an example
  • FIG. 6 shows a grid arrangement similar to the one represented in FIG. 3 but employing a particular screen electrode.
  • numeral 1 indicates the tube envelope and numeral 2 the course of the electron beam.
  • the electron beam is in usual manner produced in a generating system 3, comprising a cathode, a control electrode (Wehnelt cylinder) and an acceleration electrode, the beam being accelerated and focused by suitable means.
  • a generating system 3 comprising a cathode, a control electrode (Wehnelt cylinder) and an acceleration electrode, the beam being accelerated and focused by suitable means.
  • the electron beam is, for example, 'by means of a magnetic deflecton device disposed as shown at the transition from the stern to the cone part of the tube, initially deflected so that it describes a rectangular raster in a plane approximately in parallel to the tube base;
  • the electron beam is, by means of a cylindrical electrode 4, cooperatin'g with the acceleration anode of the beam generating system, decelerated or slowed down, focused and defiected in a direction parallel to the tube axis, so that it enters approximately perpendicularly into the plane of the grid 5, disposed in back of the cylindrical electrode 4 and fashioned in the manner of a Venetian blind.
  • a color selection grid 6 consisting of tensioned wires disposed in Parallel in a common plane, and spaced therefrom is the luminescent screen 7 backed by a conductive support 8.
  • a high voltage is applied to the support 8 and thus, in efi'ect, to the screen 7, so as to accelerate the electrons leaving the Venetian blind grid with slow initial Velocity, to the required terminal energy.
  • a suitable color selection which is in the described embodiment ettected, inter alia, by the grid 6, shall be explained more in detail with the aid of the part of the grid arrangement illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • the voltage, produced by the potential of the Venetian blind grid 5 is selected with reference to the cathode, so that the electrons of the beam 2 strike With a velocity corresponding to a voltage of 500-1000 v., for the purpose of effecting on the Venetian blind grid 5, serving in this case as a target, a maximum secondary emission.
  • the metal slats of the Venetian blind grid serving as impact elements, which are inclined at about 45 to the tube axs, are of a width and are mutually spaced so that they prevent passage of direct electrons.
  • This requirement is, for example, at a 45 inclination satisfied with a width of the metal slats arnounting to approximately one and one half of the distance of corresponding points, for example, the edges of two adjacent slats.
  • this dimension is equal to the spacing between the two marginal rays indicated by numeral 2, that is, equal to the width of the picture points.
  • An upper limit for the width of the impact or target slats, which is technically still easily attained is, for example, on the order of 0.8
  • the impact slats shall be made of a rnaten'al suitable for secondary emission or shall be correspondingly activated in known manner.
  • the secondary electrons released at the impact slats are by the electr-ical field between the Venetian blind grid and the screen electrode 7 or the associated support 8, which is as indicated in FIG. 5 at high voltage, along their paths 9 strongly deflected toward the screen, and thereby focused, and are by the auxiliary influence of the color selection grid 6, pictured, for example, in the color red, upon a color strip of the screen 7, which extends perpendicularly to the plane of the drawing.
  • Thedeflection ettect of the permeating electrical field is changed and the secondary electrons are focused upon the desired color strip according to this voltage, by changing the color selection voltage on the color selection grid 6, the respective wires of which are spaced from the edges of the Venetian blind grid elements facing toward the screen.
  • the so-called color selection grid disposed between the Venetian blind grid and the screen electrode controls the number of electrons passing through, analogous to the control grid of a triode, it is possible to improve the economy of the tube by advantageously arranging the color strips in their sequence, for example, so that the one with the least illumination yield is struck by the strongest electron beam, and eitecting for the color selection voltage a corresponding phase Shift.
  • FIG. 3 shows parts of the electrode an'angement and the beam course for a corresponding embodiment.
  • a color selection can be obtained by superimposing, for example, upon a basic high voltage for the screen electrode, a high frequency color selection voltage (MS in FIG. 5, connected to the color selection grid 6) which is periodically varied in three stages.
  • the tube is otherwise operated so that the intensity modulation of the electron beam is connected to the Wehnelt cylinder (signal voltage S in FIG. 5) 'while the modulation of the color selection grid or screen electrode, respectively, effects the correct color allocation directly successively for the individual picture points.
  • the arrangement would of course operate in particularly simple manner, if the direction of the lines would extend in the longitudinal direction o-f the impact strips.
  • the color selection could then be etfected in particularly simple man ner line-wise or partial-picture-wise in the. manner of the so-called line-skip method; however, in view of the NTSC- method decided upon in the United States, an approximately similar television standard can be expected, and the color selection can -be efiected picture-point-wise, that is, simultaneously.
  • the primary electron beam there is merely posed the requirement that it has a diameter, tor example, upon striking the Venetian blind grid, which is not ⁇ greater than a picture point, that is, that it has that value which results from the line number and the picture size. If the division of the Venetian blind grid is selected corresponding to the line and picture point width, so that the beam approximately just fills the gap opening (gap width), it would be possible, as already mentioned, that the electron beam records the line in simplest manner in parallel to the metal slat.
  • the beam would simultaneously strike two Venetian blind or impact slats and thereby produce ⁇ a double point, merely in the case of some raster discrepancies, that is, for example, in case the individual line does not extend exactly linearly if the line and impact slat form a finite angle, which however would with correct color selection become noticeable upon the screen picture as a regularly occurring structure.
  • This phenomenon is according to the invention eliminated by a kind of synchronization, provided for utilizing for always strikes two impact strips.
  • the opposing field utilized between the electrodes and 4 for the paralleling of the primary beam deflects these secondary electrons, always present in certain numbers, to' the electrode 4, so that they may be used for synchronization even with fluctuating intensity of the primary beam.
  • This measure can be ⁇ avoided and a better resolution can at the same time be obtained, by making the division of the Venetian blind screen and, of course, correspondingly the elementary groups of the picture screen, finer, so that the primary beam appears simultaneously, for example, in at least three gaps, or upon three impact slats.
  • the greater resolution is efiected due to the fact that the intensity assumes, during the. advance of the primary beam by one picture point width, a clock-wise course with pronounced maximum, for each partial picture point formed through a gapior an-impact slat, respectively.
  • the color is thereby always correctly reproduced; only the separation line between two adjacent colors will be somewhat blurred in a width correspondingly smaller than the width of the picture point. This can be remedied by a simple synchronization of the color selection voltage in a time spacing of about one line.
  • FIG. 4 shows part of the grid arrangement with the corresponding beam course, for the case that the Venetian blind grid 5 is not struck in its Capacity as an impact electrode, by electrons with a certain terminal velocity, for initiating the production of secondary electrons, but that the primary beam or better, briefiy, the electron beam, is in the opposing field slowed down or decelerated to a greater extent than hereinbefore described, by the potentials placed on the Venetian blind grid and on the cylinder electrode.
  • the electrons of nearly zero volt energy, which 'are in this manner strongly slowed down are pulled directly through the permeating field of the screen electrode, from the picture space between the metal slats of the Venetian-blind grid 5, which are arranged in the same manner as in FIGS.
  • FIG. 4 shows the beam course whereby the electron beam Z is by the opposing field of the cylinder electrode 4 and the Venetian blind grid 5 ⁇ strongly slowed down and deflected.
  • the slow electron beam is In the case of a sine Voltage, the result or" such &041,489
  • FIG. 5 shows by way of example the circuit conditions provided for the -above described am'angement illustrated in FIG. 4, in which the electrons are slowed down in the range of the Venetian blind grid to about 0 volt, that is, without utilizing secondary electrons, the Venetian blind grid 5 being as shown on 0 Voltage.
  • the signal from the source S is connected to the Wehnelt cylinder, the low voltage oircuit of S extending from the battery to one terminal of the Wehnelt cyl inder having its other terminal connected to 0 voltage.
  • the color selection voltage MS is connected to the color selection grid in a circuit biased at volts.
  • the cylindrical electrode 4 is at +200 volt potential
  • the beam generator 3 at +1000 volt potential
  • the luminescent screen 7, 8 is at +10000 volt potential.
  • the embodimentaccording to FIG. 6 difiers-from the one shown in FIG. 3 merely in the structure of the luminescent electrode 7 and support 8 therefor, both forming the screen electrode ofthe arrangement.
  • the support 8 is' generally slightly sawtooth shaped and carries upon the respective inclined flanks the elementary groups of color strips described before.
  • 'Ihe invention is not inherently limited to the illustrated examples and especially not to picture tubes with the kind of deection shown in FIGS. 1 and 5 but is particularly advantageously suited for use in connection with fiat-type picture tubes.
  • the color picture tube according to the invention has the known advantages of a single beam tube and the advantages of full intensity utilization of the electron beam due to'the use of the color strips; it is, moreover, technically easily produced and has, as ⁇
  • ⁇ Compared with heretofore known single beam :color picture tubes, further very decisive advantages. It is, inter alia particularly important and advantageous that no requirements, having to do with color selection, are at all placed on the primary deflection system, that is, on the deflecton system for the electron beam leaving the beam generating system, but that the deflection system can be constructed as in the case of normal monochrome picture'tubes, and that no raster discrepancies can result in wrong color selection.
  • the color picture tube according to the invention is also suitable for television impulse Conversion according to the NTSC-mcthod and therewith automatically applicable for the reproducton of monochrome pictures.
  • the tube according to the invention has the considerable advantage that the high frequency television impulses or signals (S in FIG. 5) can be connected directly to the Wehnelt cylinder without requiring subdivision into two or three color impulses.
  • a higher illumination yield 'With respect to the individual colors can be etfected in simple manner by phase shifting the color selection Voltage and by arranging the colors in corresponding sequence.
  • a single-beam electron beam tube for the reproduction of color television pictures having focusing and deflection means customary in connection with monochrome pictures tubes, and having a picture screen connected to high voltage and carrying luminescent substances disposed thereon in ⁇ at least two discrete regularly distributed strips, such substances represent ing elementary groups and becoming responsive to electron impact luminous in different colors, comprising at least one grid disposed spaced from the picture screen substantially parallel thereto, electrode means disposed to bend said beam whereby the beam path entering said grid is always substantially perpendicular to the plane of such grid, the latter consisting of narrow metal slats arranged in the manner of a Venetian blind said metal slats being inclined to the tube axis so as to extend across substantially the entire area t raversed by the electron beam, in the mannerof a partially opened Venetian blind, decelerated, and slow readily deflected electrons appearing in the region of the Venetian blind grid, said last mentoned electrons being by the acceleration field of the screen electrode deected from
  • Venetian blind grid carries approximately cathode potential, whereby the electrons are slowed down to about volt without striking the slats of such grid.
  • An electron beam tube according to claim 1, wherein the number of the slats of said Venetian blind grid and therewith the number of elementary groups of the screen electrode are at least equal to the number of lines.
  • An electron beam tube wherein a second grid, serving for the color selection, is arranged between the Venetian blind grid and the screen, spaced from the screen electrode, such second grid being made of parallel tensioned' mutually interconnected wireeX- tending in a .plane disposed parallel to the screen, the grid spacing of said wires corresponding approximately to the width of an elementary group, 'said wires being thereby disposed in planes which extend through the edges of the metal slats of the Venetian blind grid facing the screen and standing perpendicularly with respect to the screen electrode, said wires receiving periodically varying deflection voltage corresponding to a modulaton so as' to elfect a positive bias therefor with respect to the Venetian blind grid, said defiection voltage constituting the color selection voltage.
  • said screen is a substantially plane screen provided with a transparent and conductive support and carries a high potential with respect to said cathode and neighboring electrodes.
  • An electron beam tube according to claim 1, wherein said screen is a substantially plane screen with strip-like subdivisions exhibiting a slight sawtooth structure, and carrying upon inclincd flanks thereof elementary groups of color strips. 7
  • An electron beam tube comprising an approximately cylindrical electrode disposed between said beam generating system and said Venetian blind grid, said cylindrical electrode being dimensioned and provided with a potential so as to slow down the electron beam which describes a rectangular raster and to focus said beam and to deflect it for entry thereof parallel to the tube axis, approximately into the plane of said Venetan blind grid.
  • An electron beam tube according to claim 10 comprisng means for effecting line synchronization, said means being controlled by secondary electrons derived from said cylindrical electrode.
  • An electron beam tube according to claim 1, wherein the width of the narrow metal slats and twice the mutual spacing therebetween are approximately equal to one and one-half of the width of an elementary group, the pitch of said slats being approximately equal to the width of the elementary group.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Cathode-Ray Tubes And Fluorescent Screens For Display (AREA)
  • Electrodes For Cathode-Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Video Image Reproduction Devices For Color Tv Systems (AREA)
US840706A 1958-09-26 1959-09-17 Single-beam color television picture tube Expired - Lifetime US3041489A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DES60037A DE1098030B (de) 1958-09-26 1958-09-26 Farbfernseh-Bildroehre
DES65126A DE1175728B (de) 1958-09-26 1959-09-25 Farbfernseh-Bildroehre
DES66565A DE1181271B (de) 1958-09-26 1960-01-08 Farbfernseh-Bildroehre
DES77511A DE1153058B (de) 1958-09-26 1962-01-12 Farbfernseh-Bildroehre und Verfahren zum Betrieb dieser Roehre

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US3041489A true US3041489A (en) 1962-06-26

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US840706A Expired - Lifetime US3041489A (en) 1958-09-26 1959-09-17 Single-beam color television picture tube
US41395A Expired - Lifetime US3090890A (en) 1958-09-26 1960-07-07 Color television tube having venetian blind-type grid
US73713A Expired - Lifetime US3148304A (en) 1958-09-26 1960-12-05 Single-beam color picture tube employing venetian blind deflection grid

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US41395A Expired - Lifetime US3090890A (en) 1958-09-26 1960-07-07 Color television tube having venetian blind-type grid
US73713A Expired - Lifetime US3148304A (en) 1958-09-26 1960-12-05 Single-beam color picture tube employing venetian blind deflection grid

Country Status (5)

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US (3) US3041489A (no)
DE (4) DE1098030B (no)
FR (4) FR1232812A (no)
GB (3) GB859873A (no)
NL (4) NL256221A (no)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3546517A (en) * 1967-06-27 1970-12-08 Siemens Ag Color tube having venetian blind-type color selection grid and integrally formed baffles on display screen
US3621319A (en) * 1967-06-27 1971-11-16 Printing Dev Inc Flat color television tube having plurality of mirror deflection systems
US3845241A (en) * 1973-02-02 1974-10-29 Zenith Radio Corp Television display panel having gas discharge cathodo-luminescent elements
US3944867A (en) * 1974-03-15 1976-03-16 Zenith Radio Corporation Shadow mask having ribs bounding rectangular apertures

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1270077B (de) * 1966-11-10 1968-06-12 Werk Fernsehelektronik Veb Verfahren zur Vermeidung von Farbfehlern bei Farbfernsehbildroehren
US4028582A (en) * 1975-09-22 1977-06-07 Rca Corporation Guided beam flat display device
US4088920A (en) * 1976-03-29 1978-05-09 Rca Corporation Flat display device with beam guide
DE2926393C2 (de) * 1979-06-29 1982-10-07 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Gasentladungsanzeigevorrichtung
US4484103A (en) * 1982-09-23 1984-11-20 Rca Corporation Color selection electron beam guide assembly for flat panel display devices
GB2144902A (en) * 1983-07-08 1985-03-13 Philips Electronic Associated Cathode ray tube with electron multiplier
US4871949A (en) * 1987-01-23 1989-10-03 Albert Abramson Cathode ray tube

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2343825A (en) * 1941-09-06 1944-03-07 Hazeltine Corp Color-television signal-translating stage
US2745033A (en) * 1953-12-22 1956-05-08 Chromatic Television Lab Inc Display surface for color television tube
US2821637A (en) * 1953-11-30 1958-01-28 Westinghouse Electric Corp Light image reproduction devices
US2897388A (en) * 1955-07-18 1959-07-28 David M Goodman Directed ray tube and the like
US2943230A (en) * 1958-03-11 1960-06-28 Chromatic Television Lab Inc Storage-type color display tube

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US2617948A (en) * 1948-11-18 1952-11-11 Heinz E Kallmann Electron multiplying device
USRE23838E (en) * 1950-09-14 1954-06-08 Post-deflected color kinescope
GB713875A (en) * 1951-02-01 1954-08-18 Edison Swan Electric Co Ltd Cathode ray tubes and display systems including cathode ray tubes
US2728025A (en) * 1951-05-17 1955-12-20 Rca Corp Post-deflected cathode-ray tubes
NL183551B (nl) * 1953-12-12 Babcock & Wilcox Co Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een kernbrandstoftablet.
US3005127A (en) * 1955-04-27 1961-10-17 Kaiser Ind Corp Electronic device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2343825A (en) * 1941-09-06 1944-03-07 Hazeltine Corp Color-television signal-translating stage
US2821637A (en) * 1953-11-30 1958-01-28 Westinghouse Electric Corp Light image reproduction devices
US2745033A (en) * 1953-12-22 1956-05-08 Chromatic Television Lab Inc Display surface for color television tube
US2897388A (en) * 1955-07-18 1959-07-28 David M Goodman Directed ray tube and the like
US2943230A (en) * 1958-03-11 1960-06-28 Chromatic Television Lab Inc Storage-type color display tube

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3546517A (en) * 1967-06-27 1970-12-08 Siemens Ag Color tube having venetian blind-type color selection grid and integrally formed baffles on display screen
US3621319A (en) * 1967-06-27 1971-11-16 Printing Dev Inc Flat color television tube having plurality of mirror deflection systems
US3845241A (en) * 1973-02-02 1974-10-29 Zenith Radio Corp Television display panel having gas discharge cathodo-luminescent elements
US3944867A (en) * 1974-03-15 1976-03-16 Zenith Radio Corporation Shadow mask having ribs bounding rectangular apertures

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1153058B (de) 1963-08-22
DE1098030B (de) 1961-01-26
DE1181271B (de) 1964-11-12
GB859873A (en) 1961-01-25
US3090890A (en) 1963-05-21
US3148304A (en) 1964-09-08
NL243432A (no)
NL287364A (no) 1965-02-25
FR82929E (fr) 1964-05-08
FR1232812A (fr) 1960-10-12
FR77950E (fr) 1962-05-11
GB959292A (en) 1964-05-27
DE1175728B (de) 1964-08-13
NL259758A (no) 1964-04-27
GB894482A (en) 1962-04-26
FR1414709A (fr) 1965-10-22
NL256221A (no) 1964-03-25

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