US3033184A - Opposed piston diesel engines - Google Patents

Opposed piston diesel engines Download PDF

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Publication number
US3033184A
US3033184A US808120A US80812059A US3033184A US 3033184 A US3033184 A US 3033184A US 808120 A US808120 A US 808120A US 80812059 A US80812059 A US 80812059A US 3033184 A US3033184 A US 3033184A
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cylinder
piston
engine
pump
diesel engines
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Expired - Lifetime
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US808120A
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Jackson Percy
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William Doxford and Sons Engineers Ltd
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William Doxford and Sons Engineers Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/28—Engines with two or more pistons reciprocating within same cylinder or within essentially coaxial cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/025—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle two
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition

Definitions

  • the invention relates to two-stroke cycle opposed piston diesel engines of the kind having an upright cylinder (or several such cylinders) in which both pistons work and in which both pistons are connected to a single crankshaft below the engine cylinder, the upper piston being attached to a cross-beam above the cylinder which is connected to the crankshaft by rods attached to the ends of the beam.
  • the well known Doxford engine is one example of this kind of engine.
  • Engines of the above kind are commonly provided with reciprocating pumps, driven by the engine, for supplying air for scavenging. It is an object of the present invention to provide such an engine with an improved construction and arrangement of engine-driven air pump.
  • the invention provides an engine of the above kind having a. reciprocatory scavenge-air pump mounted on top of the engine cylinder, and preferably a piunp on each of them when there are more than one, the pump having a piston which is attached directly or indirectly (e.g. through the beam) to the upper engine piston for movement therewith and a cylinder aligned with the engine cylinder and arranged to receive within its compass the beam during at least a part of the stroke thereof.
  • the pump, or pumps may be single-acting.
  • the pump cylinder and piston are of rectangular form whereby the cylinder may be arranged to accommodate the beam without being of larger volume than is required to provide the necessary volume of air.
  • one pair of sides of the cylinder may be slightly longer than the beam and parallel thereto and the other pair of sides may have a length less than that of the first pair but greater than the width of the beam.
  • the pump has an inlet valve in the top cover for the pump cylinder.
  • the engine has conduits at opposite sides of the pump cylinder leading downwardly from the pump outlet to a receiver embodied in the main engine casing around the lower part of the engine cylinder.
  • the conduits may be cast or welded integral with the frame structure and they may lead from a pump outlet valve in the top cover for the pump cylinder.
  • FIGURE 1 is a diagram showing the arrangement of one cylinder of the engine and the operating parts
  • FIGURE 2 is a vertical section through one cylinder
  • FIGURE 3 is a section on the line 3-3 in FIGWE 2.
  • the several cylinders of the engine forming the subject of this example are of like construction and arrangement and only one cylinder with its associated parts will be described in detail.
  • the cylinder, 10, is upright and has a set of inlet ports 11 near the bottom and a set of exhaust ports 12 near the top, the two sets of ports being covered and uncovered by the two pistons 14, 15 respectively, in well known manner.
  • the lower piston 14, has a piston rod 16, cross-head 17 and connecting rod 18 connecting the piston to one throw 19 of the crankshaft.
  • the upper piston, 15, is secured at its upper end to a cross-beam 20 of which the ends lie outside the compass of the engine cylinder 10.
  • Vertical coupling rods 21 are attached to the ends of the beam 20 and at their lower ends have cross-head 22 and connecting rod connections 23 to two further throws 24 of the crankshaft.
  • a thin, platelike horizontal pump piston 28 Secured to the top ofthe beam 20 there is a thin, platelike horizontal pump piston 28 of rectangular form.
  • the longer sides 28a of the piston are parallel to the length of the beam 20 and slightly longer than the beam.
  • the shorter sides 2811 are somewhat longer than the width of the main body of the beam.
  • the piston works in a pump cylinder 30 of corresponding shape and aligned with the engine cylinder. In operation the beam 20 enters into the pump cylinder 30 during the upper part of the stroke.
  • Vertical guideways 31 are formed centrally in the longer sides of the pump cylinder for the reception of guide slippers 32 attached to the beam 20.
  • the upper ends of the slippers are in this example, level with the top face of the pump piston 28 and so, in effect, act as small lateral extensions from the piston to seal the guideways 31.
  • the pump cylinder cover On top of the pump cylinder cover there is a chamber which is divided into two parts 34, 35 by a central vertical partition 36 which, in this example, is parallel to the beam 20.
  • the part 34 has an opening 37 to atmosphere forming an air inlet and this part also has an inlet opening into the cylinder controlled by automatic inlet valves 38.
  • the part 35 has outlet openings 39 from the cylinder controlled by automatic discharge valves 40.
  • the ends of the part 35 extend over two upright ducts or trunks 41 cast in the cylinder walls and leading downwardly through further ducts 42 integral with the main engine framework into a receiving chamber 43 formed in the entablature whence the air can pass into the engine cylinder through the inlet ports 11 when uncovered by the lower piston.
  • the upper ends of the slippers 32 may be beneath the piston 28 and the latter have ears or extensions into the guideways 31 to close the latter.
  • the partition 36 may extend transversely of the beam instead of parallel thereto.
  • a two-stroke cycle opposed-piston diesel engine of the kind having an upright working cylinder, an upper piston working vertically in the cylinder, a cross-beam rigidly attached to the upper piston above the working cylinder and extending radially beyond the Working cylinder on opposite sides, two connecting rods rigidly attached one to each extremity of the cross-beam and extending vertically downwards outside the working cylinder, two cross-heads attached respectively to the lower ends of the connecting rods and guide means therefor and an air pump cylinder mounted over the top of the working cylinder, coaxial therewith; the provision of a vertical guideway in the wall of the pump cylinder, guide means rigidly attached to the cross-beam and engaging in the guideway and a pump piston in the form of a substantially fiat plate rigidly mounted directly on top of the cross-beam to work in the pump cylinder.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Description

y 8, 1962 P. JACKSON 3,033,184
OPPOSED PISTON DIESEL ENGINES Filed April 22, 1959 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 May 8, 1962 P. JACKSON OPPOSED PISTON DIESEL ENGINES 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 E'iled April 22, 1959 Illlnlllllllll G s fllltllllllill'ffll 5 May 8, 1962 P. JACKSON OPPOSED PISTON DIESEL ENGINES Filed April 22, 1959 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 40 37 5 34 H I 35 6 35 3/ 25 L250 32 E $1 j 20 l6 43 W DE 55 United States Patent 3,033,184 OPPOSED PISTON DIESEL ENGINES Percy Jackson, Sunderland, England, assignor to William Doxford & Sons (Engineers) Limited, Sunderland, England, a British company Filed Apr. 22, 1959, Ser. No. 808,120 Claims. (Cl. 123-65) The invention relates to two-stroke cycle opposed piston diesel engines of the kind having an upright cylinder (or several such cylinders) in which both pistons work and in which both pistons are connected to a single crankshaft below the engine cylinder, the upper piston being attached to a cross-beam above the cylinder which is connected to the crankshaft by rods attached to the ends of the beam. The well known Doxford engine is one example of this kind of engine.
Engines of the above kind are commonly provided with reciprocating pumps, driven by the engine, for supplying air for scavenging. It is an object of the present invention to provide such an engine with an improved construction and arrangement of engine-driven air pump.
The invention provides an engine of the above kind having a. reciprocatory scavenge-air pump mounted on top of the engine cylinder, and preferably a piunp on each of them when there are more than one, the pump having a piston which is attached directly or indirectly (e.g. through the beam) to the upper engine piston for movement therewith and a cylinder aligned with the engine cylinder and arranged to receive within its compass the beam during at least a part of the stroke thereof.
The pump, or pumps may be single-acting.
In one construction according to the invention the pump cylinder and piston are of rectangular form whereby the cylinder may be arranged to accommodate the beam without being of larger volume than is required to provide the necessary volume of air. For example one pair of sides of the cylinder may be slightly longer than the beam and parallel thereto and the other pair of sides may have a length less than that of the first pair but greater than the width of the beam.
Preferably the pump has an inlet valve in the top cover for the pump cylinder. It is also preferred that the engine has conduits at opposite sides of the pump cylinder leading downwardly from the pump outlet to a receiver embodied in the main engine casing around the lower part of the engine cylinder. The conduits may be cast or welded integral with the frame structure and they may lead from a pump outlet valve in the top cover for the pump cylinder.
One specific construction of an opposed piston multicylinder engine according to the the invention will now be described, by way of example, and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIGURE 1 is a diagram showing the arrangement of one cylinder of the engine and the operating parts,
FIGURE 2 is a vertical section through one cylinder, and
FIGURE 3 is a section on the line 3-3 in FIGWE 2.
The several cylinders of the engine forming the subject of this example are of like construction and arrangement and only one cylinder with its associated parts will be described in detail. The cylinder, 10, is upright and has a set of inlet ports 11 near the bottom and a set of exhaust ports 12 near the top, the two sets of ports being covered and uncovered by the two pistons 14, 15 respectively, in well known manner. The lower piston 14, has a piston rod 16, cross-head 17 and connecting rod 18 connecting the piston to one throw 19 of the crankshaft. The upper piston, 15, is secured at its upper end to a cross-beam 20 of which the ends lie outside the compass of the engine cylinder 10. Vertical coupling rods 21 are attached to the ends of the beam 20 and at their lower ends have cross-head 22 and connecting rod connections 23 to two further throws 24 of the crankshaft.
Secured to the top ofthe beam 20 there is a thin, platelike horizontal pump piston 28 of rectangular form. The longer sides 28a of the piston are parallel to the length of the beam 20 and slightly longer than the beam. The shorter sides 2811 are somewhat longer than the width of the main body of the beam. The piston works in a pump cylinder 30 of corresponding shape and aligned with the engine cylinder. In operation the beam 20 enters into the pump cylinder 30 during the upper part of the stroke.
Vertical guideways 31 are formed centrally in the longer sides of the pump cylinder for the reception of guide slippers 32 attached to the beam 20. The upper ends of the slippers, are in this example, level with the top face of the pump piston 28 and so, in effect, act as small lateral extensions from the piston to seal the guideways 31.
On top of the pump cylinder cover there is a chamber which is divided into two parts 34, 35 by a central vertical partition 36 which, in this example, is parallel to the beam 20. The part 34 has an opening 37 to atmosphere forming an air inlet and this part also has an inlet opening into the cylinder controlled by automatic inlet valves 38. The part 35 has outlet openings 39 from the cylinder controlled by automatic discharge valves 40. The ends of the part 35 extend over two upright ducts or trunks 41 cast in the cylinder walls and leading downwardly through further ducts 42 integral with the main engine framework into a receiving chamber 43 formed in the entablature whence the air can pass into the engine cylinder through the inlet ports 11 when uncovered by the lower piston.
Various modifications may be made in the construction described above. For instance the upper ends of the slippers 32 may be beneath the piston 28 and the latter have ears or extensions into the guideways 31 to close the latter. The partition 36 may extend transversely of the beam instead of parallel thereto.
I claim:
1. In a two-stroke cycle opposed-piston diesel engine of the kind having an upright working cylinder, an upper piston working vertically in the cylinder, a cross-beam rigidly attached to the upper piston above the working cylinder and extending radially beyond the Working cylinder on opposite sides, two connecting rods rigidly attached one to each extremity of the cross-beam and extending vertically downwards outside the working cylinder, two cross-heads attached respectively to the lower ends of the connecting rods and guide means therefor and an air pump cylinder mounted over the top of the working cylinder, coaxial therewith; the provision of a vertical guideway in the wall of the pump cylinder, guide means rigidly attached to the cross-beam and engaging in the guideway and a pump piston in the form of a substantially fiat plate rigidly mounted directly on top of the cross-beam to work in the pump cylinder.
2.. In a two-stroke cycle opposed-piston diesel engine as claimed in claim 1 wherein the pump cylinder and pump piston are substantially rectangular.
3. In a two-stroke cycle opposed-piston diesel engine as claimed in claim 1 wherein the pump cylinder has a dimension in the lengthwise direction of the cross-beam which is greater than the length of the cross-beam and the cross-beam enters the pump cylinder during at least part of the piston stroke.
4. In a two-stroke cycle opposed-piston diesel engine as claimed in claim 1 wherein there are strengthening ribs extending across the working face of the pump piston.
5. In a two-stroke cycle opposed-piston diesel engine as claimed in claim 1 wherein there is a top cover over 3 the pump cylinder an inlet valve and an outlet valve in the top cover, a chamber above the top cover communicating with the outlet valve, conduits at opposite sides of the pump cylinder leading downward from the chamber and a receiver around the lower part of the working cylinder connected to the lower ends of the conduits.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Mader May 24, 1927 Junkers Aug. 7, 1928 Bronander Dec. 22, 1936 Schrom June 29, 1937 Frauenfelder June 14, 1938 Maxwell Jan. 14, 1941 McLintock Nov. 28, 1944 FOREIGN PATENTS Great Britain Oct. 24, 1929 Great Britain Oct. 22, 1958 France Mar. 29, 1950
US808120A 1959-04-22 1959-04-22 Opposed piston diesel engines Expired - Lifetime US3033184A (en)

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Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110271932A1 (en) * 2010-04-27 2011-11-10 Achates Power, Inc. Combustion chamber constructions for opposed-piston engines
US20120073541A1 (en) * 2010-08-16 2012-03-29 Achates Power, Inc. Fuel injection spray patterns for opposed-piston engines
US9211797B2 (en) 2013-11-07 2015-12-15 Achates Power, Inc. Combustion chamber construction with dual mixing regions for opposed-piston engines
US9309807B2 (en) 2011-05-18 2016-04-12 Achates Power, Inc. Combustion chamber constructions for opposed-piston engines
US9512779B2 (en) 2010-04-27 2016-12-06 Achates Power, Inc. Swirl-conserving combustion chamber construction for opposed-piston engines
US10180115B2 (en) 2010-04-27 2019-01-15 Achates Power, Inc. Piston crown bowls defining combustion chamber constructions in opposed-piston engines
US10465629B2 (en) 2017-03-30 2019-11-05 Quest Engines, LLC Internal combustion engine having piston with deflector channels and complementary cylinder head
US10526953B2 (en) 2017-03-30 2020-01-07 Quest Engines, LLC Internal combustion engine
US10590834B2 (en) 2017-03-30 2020-03-17 Quest Engines, LLC Internal combustion engine
US10590813B2 (en) 2017-03-30 2020-03-17 Quest Engines, LLC Internal combustion engine
US10598285B2 (en) 2017-03-30 2020-03-24 Quest Engines, LLC Piston sealing system
US10724428B2 (en) 2017-04-28 2020-07-28 Quest Engines, LLC Variable volume chamber device
US10753308B2 (en) 2017-03-30 2020-08-25 Quest Engines, LLC Internal combustion engine
US10753267B2 (en) 2018-01-26 2020-08-25 Quest Engines, LLC Method and apparatus for producing stratified streams
US10808866B2 (en) 2017-09-29 2020-10-20 Quest Engines, LLC Apparatus and methods for controlling the movement of matter
US10883498B2 (en) 2017-05-04 2021-01-05 Quest Engines, LLC Variable volume chamber for interaction with a fluid
US10989138B2 (en) 2017-03-30 2021-04-27 Quest Engines, LLC Internal combustion engine
US11041456B2 (en) 2017-03-30 2021-06-22 Quest Engines, LLC Internal combustion engine
US11134335B2 (en) 2018-01-26 2021-09-28 Quest Engines, LLC Audio source waveguide

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1149433A (en) * 1911-11-15 1915-08-10 Eugene A Ford Balanced internal-combustion motor.
US1423073A (en) * 1922-07-18 Adolph behn
US1423477A (en) * 1919-09-16 1922-07-18 Joseph H Fallin Internal-combustion engine
US1629878A (en) * 1920-11-08 1927-05-24 Hugo Junkers Scavenging pump of internal-combustion engine
US1679976A (en) * 1926-04-16 1928-08-07 Junkers Hugo Internal-combustion engine
GB320840A (en) * 1928-10-16 1929-10-24 Charles Henry Fowler Improvements in or relating to two-stroke cycle internal combustion engines
US2065046A (en) * 1931-10-07 1936-12-22 Safety Car Heating & Lighting Internal combustion engine
US2085547A (en) * 1935-04-30 1937-06-29 Oscar G Schrom Supercharger for internal combustion engines
US2120666A (en) * 1937-02-03 1938-06-14 Sun Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co Internal-combustion engine
US2228472A (en) * 1939-09-26 1941-01-14 Sun Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co Internal combustion engine
US2363605A (en) * 1942-07-27 1944-11-28 Mclintock John Piston and cylinder construction
FR967690A (en) * 1948-06-07 1950-11-09 Coupling device of the scavenging pump in an opposing piston engine
GB803209A (en) * 1955-07-30 1958-10-22 Goetaverken Ab Improvements in and relating to two stroke internal combustion engines

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1423073A (en) * 1922-07-18 Adolph behn
US1149433A (en) * 1911-11-15 1915-08-10 Eugene A Ford Balanced internal-combustion motor.
US1423477A (en) * 1919-09-16 1922-07-18 Joseph H Fallin Internal-combustion engine
US1629878A (en) * 1920-11-08 1927-05-24 Hugo Junkers Scavenging pump of internal-combustion engine
US1679976A (en) * 1926-04-16 1928-08-07 Junkers Hugo Internal-combustion engine
GB320840A (en) * 1928-10-16 1929-10-24 Charles Henry Fowler Improvements in or relating to two-stroke cycle internal combustion engines
US2065046A (en) * 1931-10-07 1936-12-22 Safety Car Heating & Lighting Internal combustion engine
US2085547A (en) * 1935-04-30 1937-06-29 Oscar G Schrom Supercharger for internal combustion engines
US2120666A (en) * 1937-02-03 1938-06-14 Sun Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co Internal-combustion engine
US2228472A (en) * 1939-09-26 1941-01-14 Sun Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co Internal combustion engine
US2363605A (en) * 1942-07-27 1944-11-28 Mclintock John Piston and cylinder construction
FR967690A (en) * 1948-06-07 1950-11-09 Coupling device of the scavenging pump in an opposing piston engine
GB803209A (en) * 1955-07-30 1958-10-22 Goetaverken Ab Improvements in and relating to two stroke internal combustion engines

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110271932A1 (en) * 2010-04-27 2011-11-10 Achates Power, Inc. Combustion chamber constructions for opposed-piston engines
US8800528B2 (en) * 2010-04-27 2014-08-12 Achates Power, Inc. Combustion chamber constructions for opposed-piston engines
US9512779B2 (en) 2010-04-27 2016-12-06 Achates Power, Inc. Swirl-conserving combustion chamber construction for opposed-piston engines
US9593627B2 (en) 2010-04-27 2017-03-14 Achates Power, Inc. Combustion chamber constructions for opposed-piston engines
US10180115B2 (en) 2010-04-27 2019-01-15 Achates Power, Inc. Piston crown bowls defining combustion chamber constructions in opposed-piston engines
US20120073541A1 (en) * 2010-08-16 2012-03-29 Achates Power, Inc. Fuel injection spray patterns for opposed-piston engines
US8820294B2 (en) * 2010-08-16 2014-09-02 Achates Power, Inc. Fuel injection spray patterns for opposed-piston engines
US9309807B2 (en) 2011-05-18 2016-04-12 Achates Power, Inc. Combustion chamber constructions for opposed-piston engines
US9211797B2 (en) 2013-11-07 2015-12-15 Achates Power, Inc. Combustion chamber construction with dual mixing regions for opposed-piston engines
US10526953B2 (en) 2017-03-30 2020-01-07 Quest Engines, LLC Internal combustion engine
US10989138B2 (en) 2017-03-30 2021-04-27 Quest Engines, LLC Internal combustion engine
US10590834B2 (en) 2017-03-30 2020-03-17 Quest Engines, LLC Internal combustion engine
US10590813B2 (en) 2017-03-30 2020-03-17 Quest Engines, LLC Internal combustion engine
US10598285B2 (en) 2017-03-30 2020-03-24 Quest Engines, LLC Piston sealing system
US11041456B2 (en) 2017-03-30 2021-06-22 Quest Engines, LLC Internal combustion engine
US10753308B2 (en) 2017-03-30 2020-08-25 Quest Engines, LLC Internal combustion engine
US10465629B2 (en) 2017-03-30 2019-11-05 Quest Engines, LLC Internal combustion engine having piston with deflector channels and complementary cylinder head
US10724428B2 (en) 2017-04-28 2020-07-28 Quest Engines, LLC Variable volume chamber device
US10883498B2 (en) 2017-05-04 2021-01-05 Quest Engines, LLC Variable volume chamber for interaction with a fluid
US10808866B2 (en) 2017-09-29 2020-10-20 Quest Engines, LLC Apparatus and methods for controlling the movement of matter
US11060636B2 (en) 2017-09-29 2021-07-13 Quest Engines, LLC Engines and pumps with motionless one-way valve
US10753267B2 (en) 2018-01-26 2020-08-25 Quest Engines, LLC Method and apparatus for producing stratified streams
US11134335B2 (en) 2018-01-26 2021-09-28 Quest Engines, LLC Audio source waveguide

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