US2065046A

US2065046A - Internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number: US2065046A
Application number: US567354A
Authority: US
Inventors: Wilhelm B Bronander
Original assignee: Safety Car Heating and Lighting Co
Current assignee: Safety Car Heating and Lighting Co
Priority date: 1931-10-07
Filing date: 1931-10-07
Publication date: 1936-12-22
Anticipated expiration: 1953-12-22

Description

Dec. 22, 1936. w. B. BRONANDER 2,055,046

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Oct. 7, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 q Fla INVE'NTOR YV/Yfie/M 5 Brolmflder ATTORNEYS Patented Dec. 22, 1936 UNITE STATES PATENT OFFWE to The Safety Car Heating & Lighting Company, New Haven, Conn, a corporation of New Jersey Application October 7, 1931, Serial No. 567,354

41 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in internal combustion engines of the opposed piston Diesel type and its object is to provide an engine of simple construction and great efificiency.

More specifically, its object is to provide a novel arrangement for compressing air for scavenging and charging the working cylinder, in which the air is kept out of the crank case, where in former constructions it was subject to contamination from oil and vapors.

These and other objects of the invention will appear in the following specification in which I will describe the invention fully, the novel features of which will be set forth in appended claims.

Referring to the drawings,

Figs. 1 and 2 are sectional elevations at right angles to each other of an engine which is made according to and embodies this invention;

Fig. 3 is a sectional plan view, the section being taken on the line 33 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a sectional plan view, the section being taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation on a larger scale of some of the parts shown in Fig. 1.

B designates the frame of the engine in which is mounted the crank shaft M. This has one crank connected by a rod l2 with a working piston i3 and two cranks opposed to the first mentioned crank connected by rods l4, l4 with a yoke I5 which supports the other working piston IS. The pistons l3 and I6 are in a cylinder I! which, as may be seen from Fig. 2, is integral with the frame IE2. is is its water jacket, IS the exhaust ports and 23 a fuel inlet port.

2| designates the head of the engine. It is constructed to form an oblong rectangular compression chamber 22 having flat walls parallel with the axis of the cylinder 57 in which the yoke |5 reciprocates and two

air storage chambers

23, 23. The chambers 23 are in open communication with the cylinder i1 through alined ports 24 in the head 2| and the frame i and ports 25 in the cylinder. 26 is a part of the frame It forming a wall which keeps the entrapped air above it and out of the crank case and the part of the frame H) and between the crank case and the head 2|.

The sides 2'? of the yoke l which contact with the longer walls of the compression chamber 22 are flat, as may be seen from Figs. 2 and 3, and form a sliding fit therewith. The ends 28 of the yoke may be curved, as shown in Figs. 1 and 5. These form a sliding fit with the shorter walls of the chamber 22 and prevent the yoke from jamming by getting out of alinemen The piston is is preferably afiixed to the yoke I5 in the manner shown somewhat in detail in Fig. 5. This shows that the central part of the yoke is constructed with

spherical surfaces

30, 3|. The upper end of the piston abuts against the lower spherical surface 3|. It is internally threaded to receive external threads on the shank of a hollow cap 32 which has a flange 33 abutting against the upper spherical surface 39. Thus both the yoke l5 and the piston 6 are readily alined with the stationary parts within which they reciprocate.

A check valve 34 seating against the end of the shank of cap 32 may be provided. 35 is a spider for supporting the stem of this check valve and 36 is a spring biasing it to close.

Piston I6 is hollow except at its lower end and is provided with ports 37 which during the upper part of the piston stroke register with the ports 25 in the cylinder wall, as shown in Fig. 1. By referring to Fig. 4 it may be seen that the ports and 31 are cut obliquely through the cylinder 1 and the piston 6 respectively.

40 is a cap on the upper end of the head 2|. This forms a chamber 4| in open communica- 25 tion with the surrounding air. It is provided with check valves 42 which permit air to pass freely into the chamber 22 but prevent it from passing upwardly therefrom.

The operation is as follows: When the cranks are in the positions shown in Fig. 1 the pistons 13 and 6 are at the outer ends of the working stroke and the yoke I5 is at the upper end of its stroke in compression chamber 22. Air which has been compressed in a manner which will be described, passes down through the ports 25 into the cylinder I"! with a swirling motion, down through the cylinder and out through the exhaust ports l9. Thus the cylinder is thoroughly scavenged.

When the pistons move towards each other the exhaust ports |9 are closed by the piston l3 and shortly thereafter the bottom of piston It covers the lower edges of ports 25. The air thus entrapped becomes compressed during the remainder of the inward stroke of the pistons and 45 at a proper period of the cycle fuel is injected into the cylinder I! through port 20 and. is ignited by the heat of compression, in the usual manner.

When the yoke l5 moves downwardly from the position in which it is shown in Fig. 1, it causes air to be drawn from chamber 4| into chamber 22. If the check valve 34 is provided this action will start immediately. When the yoke has reached the lower limit of its stroke the chamber 22 will be filled with air at approximately atmospheric pressure. The upward movement of the yoke l5 and piston l6 compresses the air in chamber 22 and inside of the piston until the piston ports 3'! reach the cylinder ports 25. Further upward movement forces the air through ports 24 into the storage chambers 23 until the bottom of piston l6 uncovers the ports 25. Then the compressed air will pass from

chambers

22 and 23 and piston l6 through ports 31 and 25 into cylinder H with a swirling motion imparted by the oblique disposition of the ports, and from chambers 23 through ports 24 and 25 into the cylinder.

While it is desirable to prevent the compression of air in the crank case, for the reason which has v been set forth, a by-pass 21A in one of the walls of the head 2| from the crank case to the chamber 22 may be provided which is uncovered by the yoke l5 at the end of its suction stroke which may admit air from the crank case to the compression chamber 22, but which will be closed by the yoke as it begins to rise to prevent the passage of air from the crank case into the compression chamber or into the engine cylinder.

With the arrangement herein disclosed, the inside of piston l6 together with the storage chambers 23 provide ample capacity for the compressed air to insure a complete and thorough scavenging operation. Moreover the separation of the crank case from the parts of the engine from which the compressed air is delivered to. the working cylinder effectively prevents the escape of lubricating oil from the crank case. The specific embodiment shown and described is for illustrative purposes only and I intend no limitations other than those imposed by the appended claims.

What I claim is: I V v 1. An internal combustion engine comprising a working cylinder, an air compression chamber of greater cross sectional area than that of said cylinder, an inlet port thereto, a yoke forming a piston in said compression chamber, a hollow piston connected with the yoke andextending therefrom into said cylinder, elongated ports in the cylinder adapted to be uncovered by the end of said hollow piston as it nears the end of its stroke, and ports in said hollow piston which register with said cylinder ports throughout the length thereof.

2. An internal combustion engine comprising a working cylinder, an aircompression chamber of greater cross sectional area than that of said cylinder, an inlet port thereto, a yoke forming a piston in said compression chamber, a hollow piston connected with the yoke and extending therefrom into said cylinder, elongated ports in the cylinder adapted to be uncovered by the end of said hollow piston as it nears the end of its stroke, an annular chamber surrounding said elongated ports, and ports in the said hollow piston which register with said cylinder ports throughout the length thereof.

3. An internal combustion engine comprising a Working cylinder, an air compression chamber of greater cross-sectional area than that of said cylinder, an inlet port thereto, a yoke forming a piston in said compression chamber, a hollow piston connected with the yoke and extending therefrom into said cylinder, elongated ports in the cylinder adapted to be uncovered by the end of said hollow piston as it nears the end of its stroke, an annular chamber surrounding said elongated ports, and a storage chamber communicating therewith and ports in said hollow piston which register with said cylinder ports throughout the length thereof.

4. An internal combustion engine comprising a working cylinder, an air compression chamber of greater cross-sectional area than that of said cylinder, an inlet port thereto, a yoke forming a piston in said compression chamber, a hollow piston extending therefrom into said cylinder, a self alining connection between said hollow piston and the yoke, elongated ports in the cylinder adapted to be uncovered by the end of said hollow piston as it nears the end of its stroke, and ports in said hollow piston which register with said cylinder ports throughout the length thereof.

5. An internal combustion engine comprising a working cylinder, an air compression chamber of greater cross-sectional area than that of said cylinder, an inlet port thereto, a yoke forming a piston in said compression chamber, a hollow piston connected with the yoke and extending therefrom into said cylinder, a check valve in said hollow piston, elongated ports in the cylinder adapted to be uncovered by the end of said hollow piston as it nears the end of its stroke, an annular chamber surrounding said elongated ports, and ports in said hollow piston which register with said cylinder ports throughout the length thereof.

6. An internal combustion engine comprising a working cylinder, an air compression chamber of greater cross-sectional area than that of said cylinder, an inlet port thereto, a yoke forming a piston in said compression chamber, a hollow piston connected with the yoke and extending therefrom into said cylinder, elongated ports in the cylinder adapted to be uncovered by the end of said hollow piston as it nears the end of its stroke, ports in said hollow piston which register with said cylinder ports throughout the length thereof, a second piston in the working cylinder,

a crank shaft, a connection between the crank shaft and said yoke and a connection between the crank shaft and said second piston.

7. An internal combustion engine comprising a working cylinder, a rectangular air compression chamber of greater cross-sectional area than that of said cylinder, an inlet port thereto, a yoke forming a piston in said compression chamber, a hollow piston connected with the yoke and extending therefrom into said cylinder, elongated ports in the cylinder adapted to be uncovered by the end of said hollow piston as it nears the end of its stroke, an annular chamber surrounding said elongated ports, and ports in said hollow piston which register with said cylinder ports throughout the length thereof. 7

8. An internal combustion engine comprising a working cylinder, an oblong rectangular compression chamber of greater cross-sectional area than that of said cylinder, an inlet port thereto, a yoke forming a piston in said compression chamber, a hollow piston connected with the yoke and extending therefrom into said cylinder, elongated ports in the cylinder adapted to be uncovered by the end of said hollow piston as it nears the end of its stroke, an annular chamber surrounding said elongated ports, and ports in said'hollow piston which register with cylinder ports throughout the length thereof.

9. An internal combustion engine comprising a working cylinder, an oblong rectangular air compression chamber of greater cross-sectional area than that of said cylinder, an inlet port abut against the shorter walls of the compression chamber being curved, a hollow piston connected with the yoke and extending therefrom into said cylinder, elongated ports in the cylinder adapted to be uncovered by the end of the said hollow piston as it nears the end of its stroke, an annular chamber surrounding said elongated ports, and ports in said hollow piston which register with said cylinder ports throughout the length thereof.

10. An internal combustion engine comprising a working cylinder, an oblong rectangular air compression chamber of greater cross-sectional area than that of said cylinder, an inlet port thereto, a yoke forming a piston in said compression chamber, a hollow piston extending therefrom into the cylinder, a self alining connection between the hollow piston and the yoke, elongated ports in the cylinder adapted to be uncovered by the end of said hollow piston as it nears the end of its stroke, an annular chamber surrounding said elongated ports, and ports in said hollow piston which register with said cylinder ports throughout the length thereof.

11. An internal combustion engine comprising a working cylinder, an oblong rectangular air compression chamber of greater cross-sectional area than that of said cylinder, an inlet port thereto, a yoke forming a piston in said compression chamber, a hollow-piston connected with the yoke and extending therefrom into said cylinder, elongated ports in the cylinder adapted to be uncovered by the end of said hollow piston as it nears the end of the stroke, an annular chamber surrounding said elongated ports, storage chambers at the longer sides of the compression chamber, communicating with said annular chamber and ports in said hollow piston which register with said cylinder ports throughout the length thereof.

12. An internal combustion engine comprising a working cylinder, an oblong rectangular air compression chamber of greater cross-sectional area than that of said cylinder, an inlet port thereto, a yoke forming a piston in said compression chamber, a hollow piston connected with the yoke and extending therefrom into said cylinder, elongated ports in the cylinder adapted to be uncovered by the end of said hollow piston as it nears the end of its stroke, an annular chamber surrounding said elongated ports, ports in said hollow piston which register with said cylinder ports throughout the length thereof, a crank shaft, and a connecting rod between the crank shaft and the yoke.

13. An internal combustion engine comprising a working cylinder, an oblong rectangular air compression chamber of greater cross-sectional area than that of said cylinder, an inlet port thereto, a yoke forming a piston in said compression chamber, the ends of said yoke which abut against the shorter walls of the compression chamber being curved, a hollow piston connected with the yoke and extending therefrom into said cylinder, elongated ports in the cylinder adapted to be uncovered by the end of said hollow piston as it nears the end of its stroke, an annular chamber surrounding said elongated ports, ports in said hollow piston which register with said cylinder ports throughout the length thereof, a crank shaft and connecting rods between the crank shaft and the yoke.

1 An internal combustion engine comprising a working cyiinder, an oblong rectangular air compression chamber of greater cross-sectional area than that of said cylinder, an inlet port thereto, a yoke forming a piston in said compression chamber, the ends of said yoke which abut against the shorter walls of the compression chamber being curved, a hollow piston extending from the yoke into the cylinder, a self a1ining connection between the hollow piston and the yoke, a check valve in the hollow piston, elongated ports in the cylinder adapted to be uncovered by the end of said hollow piston as it nears the end of its stroke, an annular chamber surrounding said elongated ports, ports in said hollow piston which register with said cylinder ports throughout the length thereof, a crank shaft and connecting rods between the crank shaft and the yoke.

15. An internal combustion engine comprising a working cylinder, an oblong rectangular air compression chamber of greater cross-sectional area than that of said cylinder, an inlet port thereto, a yoke forming a piston in said compression chamber, the ends of said yoke which abut against the shorter walls of the compression chamber being curved, a hollow piston extending from the yoke into the cylinder, a self alining connection between the hollow piston and the yoke, a check valve in the hollow piston, elongated ports in the cylinder adapted to be uncovered by the end of said hollow piston as it nears the end of its stroke, an annular chamber surrounding said elongated ports, storage chambers at the longer sides of the compression chamber communicating with said annular chamber, ports in said hollow piston which register with said cylinder ports throughout the length thereof, a crank case, a crank shaft therein, connecting rods between the crank shaft and the yoke and a by-pass between the crank case and the compression chamber arranged to be opened by the yoke at the end of its stroke.

16. An internal combustion engine comprising a working cylinder, an obiong rectangular air compression chamber of greater cross-sectional area than that of said cylinder, an inlet port thereto, a yoke forming a piston in said compression chamber, a hollow piston connected with the yoke and extending therefrom into said cylinder, elongated ports in the cylinder adapted to be uncovered by the end of said hollow piston as it nears the end of its stroke, an annular chamber surrounding said elongated ports, ports in said hollow piston which register with said cylinder ports throughout the length thereof, a second piston in the working cylinder, a crank shaft. a connecting rod between the crank shaft and the second piston and connecting rods between the crank shaft and the yoke.

17. An internal combustion engine comprising a working cylinder, an oblong rectangular air compression chamber of greater cross-sectional area than that of said cylinder, an inlet port thereto, a yoke forming a piston in said compression chamber, the ends of said yoke which abut against the shorter walls of the compression chamber being curved, a hollow piston extending from the yoke into the cylinder, a self alining connection between the hollow piston and the yoke, a check vaive in the hollow piston, elongated po-rts in the cylinder adapted to be uncov ered by the end of said hollow piston as it nears the end of its stroke, an annular chamber surrounding said elongated ports, storage chambers at the longer sides of the compression chamber communicating with said annular chamber, ports in said hollow piston which register with said cylinder ports throughout the length thereof, a

second piston in the working cylinder, a crank case, a crank shaft therein, a connecting rod between the crank shaft and said second piston, connecting rods between the crank case and the yoke and a by-pass between the crank case and the compression chamber arranged to be opened by the yoke at the end of its stroke.

18. An internal combustion engine comprising a working cylinder, an air compression chamber of greater cross-sectional area than that of said cylinder, an inlet port thereto, a yoke forming a piston in said compression chamber, a hollow piston connected with the yoke and extending therefrom into said cylinder, elongated transversely oblique ports in the cylinder adapted to be uncovered by the end of said hollow piston as it nears the end of its stroke, an annular chamber surrounding said elongated ports and transversely oblique ports in the said hollow piston which register with said cylinder ports throughout the length thereof.

19. An internal combustion engine comprising a working cylinder, an oblong rectangular air compression chamber of greater cross-sectional area than that of said cylinder, an inlet port thereto, a yoke forming a piston in said compression chamber, the ends of said yoke which abut against the shorter walls of the compression chamber being curved, a hollow piston extending from the yoke into the cylinder, 2. self alining connection between the hollow piston and the yoke, a check valve in the hollow piston, elongated transversely oblique ports in the cylinder adapted to be uncovered by the end of said hollow piston as it nears the end of its stroke, an annular chamber surrounding said elongated ports, storage chambers at the longer sides of the compression chamber communicating with said annular chamber, transversely oblique ports in said hollow piston which register with said cylinder ports throughout the length thereof, a second piston in the working cylinder, a crank case, a crank shaft therein, a connecting rod between the crank shaft and said second piston, connecting rods between the crank shaft and the yoke and a by-pass between the crank shaft and the compression chamber arranged to be opened by the yoke at the end of its stroke.

20. An internal combustion engine comprising a working cylinder, an oblong rectangular air compression chamber of greater cross-sectional area than that of said cylinder, an inlet port thereto, a yoke forming a piston in said compression chamber, the ends of said yoke which abut against the shorter walls of the compression chamber being curved, a hollow piston extending from the yoke into the cylinder, a self alining connection between the hollow piston and the yoke, elongated ports in the cylinder adapted to be uncovered by the end of said hollow piston as it nears the end of its stroke, an annular chamber surrounding said elongated ports, storage chambers at the longer sides of the compression chamber communicating with said annular chamber, ports in said hollow piston which register with said cylinder ports throughout the length thereof, a second piston in the working cylinder, a crank case, a crank shaft therein, a connecting rod between the crank shaft and said second piston, and connecting rods between the crank case and the yoke.

21. An internal combustion engine comprising a working cylinder, an oblong rectangular air compression chamber of greater cross-sectional area than that of said cylinder, an inlet port thereto, a yoke forming a piston in said compression chamber, the ends of said yoke which abut against the shorter walls of the compression chamber being curved, a hollow piston extending from the yoke into the cylinder, a self alining connection between the hollow piston and the yoke, elongated transversely oblique ports in the cylinder adapted to be uncovered by the end of said hollow piston as it nears the end of its stroke, an annular chamber surrounding said elongated ports, storage chambers at the longer sides of the compression chamber communicatingwith said annular chamber, transversely oblique ports in said hollow piston which register with said cylinder ports throughout the length thereof, a second piston in the working cylinder, a crank case, a crank shaft therein, a connecting rod between the crank shaft and said second piston, and connecting rods between the crank shaft and the yoke.

22. In internal combustion engine construction, in combination, a compression chamber, a storage compartment communicable with said chamber, a cylinder, a pair of oppositely disposed pistons in said cylinder, and a yoke associated with one of said pistons and slidably fitted in said compression chamber to create pressure in said chamber and said compartment. 7

23. In internal combustion engine constru tion, in combination, a compression chamber, a

storage chamber communicable with said compression chamber, a cylinder, a pair'of oppositely disposed pistons in said cylinder, and a yoke associated with one of said pistons and slidably fitted in said compression chamber to create pressure in said compression chamber, said storage chamber being connected to said cylinder during a portion of the stroke of said last-mentioned piston.

24. In internal combustion engine construction, in combination, a compression chamber, a storage chamber communicable with said compression chamber, a cylinder, a piston in said cylinder, a crank shaft, means connecting said crank shaft to said piston, and means for selfaligning said last-mentioned means.

25. In internal combustion engine construction, in combination, a compression chamber, a storage chamber, a cylinder, a piston disposed within said cylinder and having ports therein whereby air compressed in said compression chamber flows into said storage chamber, a crank shaft, means connecting said crank shaft to said iston, a second piston mounted in said cylinder, and means connecting said last-mentioned piston to said crank shaft, said last-mentioned means 7 being associated with said compression chamber and being self-aligning.

26. In internal combustion engine construction, in combination, a cylinder, a hollow piston disposed within said cylinder, a compression chamber, means connected to said piston and adapted to reciprocate in said compression chamber to create pressure, and means forming an enclosure, the interior of said piston being in communication with said chamber, and said piston and said enclosure having ports therein adapted to register during a portion of the stroke of said piston.

27. In internal combustion engine construction, in combination, a cylinder, a compression chamber, a part including a piston in said cylinder adapted to reciprocate in said compression chamber and said cylinder, means forming an enclosure, and'means in said piston forming a i said ports so that said communication between said chamber and said enclosure, said enclosure having ports in communication with said cylinder, said part adapted to reach a position in its stroke which uncovers enclosure is in communication with said cylinder.

28. In internal combustion engine construction, in combination, a crank case, a cylinder, a pair of opposed pistons, means in said crank case for driving said pistons, said cylinder having exhaust ports formed in its wall opened and closed by one of said pistons, a compression chamber including means adapted to prevent air compression in said crank case, and means associated with the other of said pistons for creating a pressure in said compression chamber, said cylinder having ports formed in its wall in com munication with said compression chamber and adapted to be opened and closed by said lastmentioned piston, said first-mentioned piston adapted to close said first-mentioned ports before said second-mentioned piston closes said second-mentioned ports.

29. In internal combustion engine construction, in combination, a cylinder having exhaust ports formed in its wall, a piston adapted to reciprocate in said cylinder to open and close said exhaust ports, a compression chamber, a hollow piston member adapted to reciprocate in said cylinder, a part connected to said hollow piston member and adapted to reciprocate in said compression chamber to compress air therein, and a secondary chamber adjacent said cylinder, said cylinder having ports formed therein in comrnunioation with said secondary chamber, said hollow piston member having ports in communication with said compression chamber and adapted to register with said last-mentioned ports during a portion of the stroke of said piston member whereby said compression chamber is in communication with said secondary chamber during a portion of the stroke of said hollow piston member, said hollow piston member adapted to open said second-mentioned ports during a portion of its stroke and said piston adapted to close said exhaust ports while said second-mentioned ports still remain open.

30. In internal combustion engine construction, in combination, an air compression chamber, a storage chamber communicable with said compression chamber, a cylinder communicable with said storage chamber, a hollow piston having ports therein, said piston being adapted to reciprocate within said cylinder, and means associated with said piston and adapted to force air into said storage chamber through said piston and said ports.

31. In internal combustion engine construction, in combination, a compression chamber, a cylinder, a pair of oppositely disposed pistons in said cylinder, and means associated with one of said pistons adapted to create pressure in said chamber, said means having rounded portions slidably associated with the walls of said com pression chamber and adapted to compensate angular displacement of said means to maintain an aligned relation between said means and the walls of said compression chamber.

32. In internal combustion engine construction, in combination, a compression chamber, means forming achamber for storing compressed air compressed in said compression chamber, said means being communicable with said compression chamber, and means adapted to compress air in said chamber, said means including a working piston forming openings to accommodate the flow of compressed air from said compression chamber into said first-mentioned means.

33. In internal combustion engine construc tion, in combination, a cylinder, a piston disposed within said cylinder, a crank shaft, a compression chamber disposed about said cylinder, a yoke secured to the top of said piston and adapted to reciprocate in said chamber, and means connecting said yoke to said crank shaft, said yoke comprising a compressing piston and including portions adapted to compensate angular displacement of said yoke to maintain said yoke in selfaligning relation with said chamber.

34. In internal combustion engine construction, in combination, a compression chamber, a storage chamber communicable with said compression chamber, a cylinder communicable with said chambers, a hollow working piston reciprocable in said cylinder and having ports formed therein, and a compression piston associated with said working piston and adapted to reciprocate in said compression chamber, said chambers being in communication by way of said hollow piston and said piston ports when said piston is near the top of its stroke and before communication is established between said chambers and said cylinder.

35. In internal combustion engine construction, in combination, a compression chamber, a storage chamber communicable with said compression chamber, a cylinder, a hollow working piston reciprocable in said cylinder and having ports formed therein adapted to connect said chambers during a portion of the stroke of said piston, a compression piston associated with said working piston for compressing air in said compression chamber, and means for putting said compression chamber into communication with the interior of said hollow piston during a portion of its stroke whereby air compressed in said com pression chamber flows through said piston into said storage chamber.

36. In internal combustion engine construction, in combination, a compression chamber, a storage chamber communicable with said compression chamber, a cylinder communicable with both of said chambers, a hollow working piston in said cylinder and ports formed in said piston adapted to connect said chambers during a portion of the stroke of said piston, and said ports in said piston being openable during the up stroke of said piston to connect said chambers.

3'7. In internal combustion engine construction, in combination, a compression chamber, a storage chamber communicable with said compression chamber, a cylinder, means forming a hollow piston having ports and a one-way valve, said piston being reciprocable in said cylinder, and means to connect said chambers during a portion of its stroke.

38. In internal combustion engine construction, in combination, a compression chamber, a storage chamber communicable with said compression chamber, a cylinder communicable with said chambers, a hollow working piston reciprocable in said cylinder and having ports formed therein to connect said chambers during a portion of the stroke of said piston, a compressing member secured to said piston for reciprocation in said compression chamber, and one-way valve means associated with said hollow piston to connect said compression chamber and the interior of said hollow piston during a portion of the stroke thereof.

39. ,In internal combustion engine construction, in combination,- a compression chamber, a. storage chamber communicable with said compression chamber, a cylinder, a pair of oppositely disposed pistons in said cylinder, one of said pistons being hollow and having ports formed therein to connect said chambers during a portion of the stroke of said hollow piston, and valve means in said hollow piston adapted to connect said compression chamber and the interior of said hollow piston during a portion of its upward stroke.

40. In internal combustion engine construction, in combination, a compression chamber, a storage chamber, a cylinder, a pair of oppositely disposed pistons in said cylinder, one of said pistons being hollow and having ports formed therein adapted to connect said chambers and said cylinder during a portion of the stroke of said hollow piston, valve means in said hollow piston openable during the up stroke thereof to connect said compression chamber with the interior of said hollow piston, and means connected to said hollow piston for compressing air in said compression chamber.

41. In internal combustion engine construction, in combination, a compression chamber, a cylinder, a pair of oppositely disposed pistons in said cylinder, one of said pistons being hollow, means forming a port in said cylinder to connect said chamber and said cylinder by way of said hollow piston and said ports during a portion of the stroke of said hollow piston, and valve means connected to said hollow piston and openable during the up stroke thereof whereby air compressed in said compression chamber is admitted into said hollow piston.

W'ILHELM B. BRONANDER.