US3011963A - Electrolytic electrocopying apparatus - Google Patents

Electrolytic electrocopying apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3011963A
US3011963A US686237A US68623757A US3011963A US 3011963 A US3011963 A US 3011963A US 686237 A US686237 A US 686237A US 68623757 A US68623757 A US 68623757A US 3011963 A US3011963 A US 3011963A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
container
copy
electrolytic
sheet
light
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US686237A
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English (en)
Inventor
Edgar G Johnson
Byron W Neher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
3M Co
Original Assignee
Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE571471D priority Critical patent/BE571471A/xx
Priority to NL231674D priority patent/NL231674A/xx
Priority to US686237A priority patent/US3011963A/en
Application filed by Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co filed Critical Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co
Priority to DK345558AA priority patent/DK104775C/da
Priority to CH6429858A priority patent/CH413598A/de
Priority to GB30519/58A priority patent/GB907575A/en
Priority to FR1212244D priority patent/FR1212244A/fr
Priority to DE19581497004 priority patent/DE1497004A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3011963A publication Critical patent/US3011963A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G9/00—Developers
    • G03G9/06—Developers the developer being electrolytic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/02—Electroplating of selected surface areas
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G17/00—Electrographic processes using patterns other than charge patterns, e.g. an electric conductivity pattern; Processes involving a migration, e.g. photoelectrophoresis, photoelectrosolography; Processes involving a selective transfer, e.g. electrophoto-adhesive processes; Apparatus essentially involving a single such process
    • G03G17/02—Electrographic processes using patterns other than charge patterns, e.g. an electric conductivity pattern; Processes involving a migration, e.g. photoelectrophoresis, photoelectrosolography; Processes involving a selective transfer, e.g. electrophoto-adhesive processes; Apparatus essentially involving a single such process with electrolytic development
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S101/00—Printing
    • Y10S101/29—Printing involving a color-forming phenomenon
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S101/00—Printing
    • Y10S101/37—Printing employing electrostatic force

Definitions

  • Microlrning of documents permits the storage of enormous amounts of information in relatively small space and the rapid scanning of such information. In many cases, however, it becomes desirable to provide a copy of the original page or document in printed form.
  • the present invention provides means for scanning microlilmed documents and for reproducing any desired frames in enlarged printed form for vconvenience in further study. Reproduction is completed within the time normally required for inspection of the next succeeding frame, and the printed copy is ready for immediate handling or tiling.
  • FIGURE 1 is a simplified representation in section of one modification of a microfilm reader and copier embodying the principles of the invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a front elevation of the apparatus of FIGURE l;
  • FIGURE 3 is a diagram of a typical circuit employed in the apparatus of FIGURE l;
  • FIGURES 4 and 5 represent modifications of the print developing and advancing means of the apparatus of FIGURES 1 and 2;
  • FIGURE 6 is a schematic illustration of an alternative type of apparatus useful in electrolytic electrocopying-of light-images.
  • the apparatus of FIGURES l and 2 consists of a case having an upper portion 10 and a lower portion 11.
  • the lower portion contains means for providing a series of light-images, which as illustrated include a lamp 12 within a housing 13, a condensing lens system 14, and an enlarging lens system 15.
  • the microfilm 16 is supported in position in the light beam by known guide means not shown, and is advanced from supply roll 17 to windup reel 18 by suitably turning the handle member 19.
  • the upper portion 10 is provided on the front panel with a ground-glass viewing screen 21, a milliarnmeter 22., and a rheostat 23.
  • a lever 24 controls the position of a reflective panel 25 which pivots around an axis 26 and between the internal panel members 27 and 28.
  • a supply roll 29 of photosensitive copy-paper 30 is supported on a spindle 31.
  • the copy-paper passes across the open area between a control roller 32 and an exit slot 33, being supported along both edges by flange members 34, and held in contact with a porous sponge-like applicator pad 35 by means of a spring member 36, the pad and spring extending across the full Width of the paper and acting as a barrier against light entering through the slot 33.
  • the applicator pad is supported in a reservoir 37.
  • a source of current such ⁇ as batteries 38 is connected in series with a switch Ztl and with rheostat 23, pad 35, ammeter 22 and sensitive paper 30, as shown in detail in FIGURE 3. Connection is made to the pad '35 through the reservoir 3'7 and to the sensitive paper St) through the spindle 31 to which the conductive backing of the copypaper is connected.
  • the reflective panel 25 is swung, by means of the handle 24, to the open position indicated by dotted lines 25a and the microiilm 16 is advanced frame by frame, by means of handle 19, until the desired frame is projected on the screen 21.
  • the panel 25 is then moved to the closed position shown, thus acting as a shutter and permitting the light-image to fall on the active surface of the sensitive copy-sheet 30.
  • the panel 25 is returned to position 25a, the switch 20 is turned on, and the image-bearing portion of the copy-sheet 3@ is drawn from the casing through the slot 33, the sensitive surface meanwhile uniformly ⁇ contacting the pad 35 which is continuously moistened with solution from the reservoir 37.
  • the image is developed on the copy-sheet by electrolytic action at the contact area. The fully developed print is detached near the slot opening, and the apparatus is in readiness for further use.
  • a fully developed enlarged copy of a microfilm frame may be produced by the abovedescribed procedure within a total time of not greater than about live seconds, which is normally less than the time required for visual scanning of the next succeeding frame of the film.
  • the print is pro-duced in substantially dry condition and may be handled, folded, or filed without dihculty.
  • FIGURES 4 and 5 illustrate typical mechanisms by which the copypaper may be mechanically advanced.
  • a lower roll 40 rotates freely in a reservoir 41 containing the electrolyte, and an upper roll 42, mechanically driven by means not shown, presses the exposed ycopy-paper 30 against the lower roll and advances the paper through the exit slot 43.
  • the roll 40 replaces the pad 35 in the circuit of FIGURE 3, and electrolysis is accomplished at the surface of the copypaper at the contact area.
  • the amount of solution remaining on the paper is limited by the wringer action of two rolls, which conveniently are provided with compressible rubber surfaces. Ceramic or other rolls will also effectively transfer the solution to the copy sheet, current being transmitted-through the layer of solution on the roll surface.
  • a metal roll, used with a suitable electrolyte may itself serve as a source of metal ions to be transferred to the copy-paper surface.
  • Rollsor belts surfaced with gelatin or the like, plasticized with glycerine or other humectant, and toughened slightly with formaldehyde or other curing agent if desired, are particularly useful.
  • Such rolls and sheets are well known in the form of inking rollers and hectograph pads.
  • Suitable dry salts may be included in the copy-sheet and the moisture present in the gelatin roll, together with such salts, provides the required electrolyte. Salts and other ionizable impurities in the roll ordinarily provide sutlcient conductivity to permit electrolysis at the surface of the copy-sheet, or such materials may be added if necessary. More particularly, the complete electrolyte may be incorporated in the roll.
  • the humectant serves to maintain a suicient content of moisture for electrolysis. In such cases the trough 41 of FIGURE 4 may be eliminated.
  • the roll carrying the electrolytic developer is directly connected into the electrical circuit through its conductive shaft, and is replaced when the electrolyte content is depleted.
  • the smooth-surfaced hydrophilic electrolyte-permeable roll or belt thus serves both as an electrode and as a reservoir for lthe electrolytic develop er material.
  • a brush 51 replaces the pad 35 of FIGURES l and 3 and also serves to hold the copy-sheet Si) against the 'guide 56, which replaces spring 36 of FIGURE 1.V
  • the copy-sheet 50 is in this case provided with edge sprocket-holes and is advanced through slot 53 and past guide member 52 by sprocket Wheels 54, mechanically driven by means not shown.
  • the sprocket wheels may be provided with sharp pins in place of ⁇ gear teeth, the pins penetrating the edge areas of copy-paper and making electrical contact with the conductive backing, inwhich case no contact is required between backing and shaft 31.
  • the print is cut from the supply sheet 30 by a shear blade 55 operating against an edge of guide 52 as illustrated.
  • FIG- URE 6 A simplied form of apparatus is illustrated in FIG- URE 6.
  • Light from a lamp 69 passes through a negative transparency 61 and a lens system 62 to produce a light-image which -is transmitted through the transparent Likewise, in place of continuous rolls wall 63 of the tank 64, through the eletcrolyte 65, and
  • Vconductive carrier or backing component 69 is connected in series with a switch 70, battery 71, rheostat 72, ammeter 7.3, andl thence to the electrode 66.
  • the edges and back surface of the copy-sheet 68 are protected from conductive contact with the electrolyte 65, and the assembly is protected from extraneous light, by means not shown. Closing the switch 70 causes the rapid formation of a visible reproduction rof the light-image on the surface of the sheet 68.
  • An effective copy-paper for use in apparatus as hereinbefore described and illustrated consists of a laminate Vof paper and thin aluminum foil coated on the clean rei'iective metal surface with a smooth, uniform, strongly photoconductive layer of powdered inorganic Water-insoluble photoconductor and ilexible water-resistant resinousinsulating binder.' A mixture of four parts by weight of USP-l2 ⁇ French process zinc oxide and one part of water-resistant insulative binder'suich as Pliolite S-7,.a copolymer of about 30 parts butadiene and measured thickness of the Ycoating Vunder an appliedY Y voltage both under equilibrium dark 'conditions and when illuminated.
  • a potential offlU'volts is convenientV of the coating is conveniently deterj but not critical. Values at several thicknesses may be determined and the value at a standard thickness obtained by interpolation. At 10 volts potential and 0.8 mil thickness of coating, a copy-paper prepared as just described was found to have a dark conductivity of the order of 5x10-9 mho/cm. When illuminated for 5 seconds with light from a SOO-watt incandescent-filament lamp, i.e. at an intensity of about 1300 foot-candles, its conductivity increased to about l.8-2.2 l0"-6 mho/cm.
  • the length of time for exposure and development is regulated to provide a low rate of decay ofk conductivity in the light-exposed portions while maintaining an adequately high level of conductivity for proper electrolytic action in the time available.
  • the time schedule is preferably automatically controlled by means of preset timing mechanisms in apparatus such as that of FIGURES 4 and 5, but effective results may consistently be obtained onrmanual operation of the apparatus of FIGURES land 2 by capable operators.
  • Electrolytic developmentV of light-struck areas is conveniently accomplished with an electrolytic developer material containing metal ions.
  • Solutions of copper sulfate and of silver nitrate have been found useful, as has a solution containing 10% nickelous chloride and 5% sodium thiosulfate.
  • a preferred developer solution for application with a pad or sponge as described in connection with FIGURE 1l contains 3 parts by weight of cadmium nitrate tetrahydrate, 0.5 part each of k'tartar emetic and silver nitrate, and parts of Water.
  • the electrolytic developer material may be applied in bulk form as in FIGURE 6, or as a thin coating as in FIG- URES 1, 4 or y5.
  • An electrolytic'ideveloper material may also be provided ⁇ by applying Water to a sensitive surface containing the desired developer salts or other materials in dry form, as hereinbefore described in connection with FIGURE 4.
  • electrolytic developer materials have Ibeen provided which produce useful visibleY images by oxidation of leuco dye, by electrodeposition of dispersed colloidal organic materials, or in various other ways, although best results have thus far been attained by'electrodeposition from electrolytic developer material in the form of aqueous solutions containing metal ions.
  • the copies are useful ofthemselves, and in addition are useful in making additional copies 'by other duplicating processes.
  • a copy produced by elect-rodeposition from a solution, at pH 6, of nickel ammonium sul-fate electrolytic developer material on light-exposedconductive areas of a Zinc oxide copy-paper has been shown to be eifective as a printing plate for lithographie oifset printing.
  • the image areas and the bare oxide background areas' have opposite wetting tendencies toward aqueous fountain solutions and non-aqueous ink compositions.
  • copy produced by electrolysis of an electrolytic developer material based Ona soluble dyestuA has been found to have dye-containing image areas from-which the dye-Y stuff .is *transfer-abile, in Vthe presence of small'amounts of a suitable volatile solvent, to paper.
  • Vofelectrolytically developed origina-ls produced ⁇ as hereinbefore described has important application in the photocopying and photographic art. ⁇
  • a photographic apparatus with which any desired number of printed positive copies may be ydirectly produced immediately after exposure to the desired light-image.
  • Apparatus ⁇ for electrolytically reproducing an image which comprises in combination an enclosed container having an elongated opening for removal of la reproduction sheet from within said container and having an aperture in one end of said container, an enlarging lens adjacent to said aperture, means for directing a beam of radiation through said enlarging lens and said aperture whereby said radiation is projected to the other end of said container to form a projection area, means positioned within said container for supporting a roll of photoconductive copy sheet, means positioned within said container for receiving and positioning a portion of said photoconductive copy sheet across the end of said container to which said light is projected and directing said copy sheet through said elongated opening, an electrode positioned within said enclosed container between the projection area of the container and said elongated opening and adapted to electrolytically contact the exposed portion of said photoconductive copy sheet, means for passing the exposed portion of said copy sheet across said electrode and in electrolytic contact therewith whereby electrolytic development is effected at said electrode,
  • Apparatus for viewing and electrolytically printing a microfilm which comprises in combination yan enclosed container having an elongated opening for Iremoval of a reproduction sheet lfrom within said container and having an aperture in one end of said container, an enlarging lens adjacent to said aperture, means for directing a beam of 4light through said enlarging lens and said aperture whereby said light is projected to the other end of said container to ⁇ form a projection area, means for supporting a roll of microfilm and continuously passing the microfilm between said light source vand said lens, a spindle positioned within said container for supporting a roll of photoconductive copy sheet, support means positioned within said container for receiving and positioning a portion of said photoconductive copy sheet across the end of said container to which said light is projected and directing said copy sheet through said elongated opening, an electrode positioned within said enclosed container between the projection yarea of said container and said elongated opening and adapted to electrolytically contact the exposed portion of said photoconductive copy sheet, a ground-glass viewing screen

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Combination Of More Than One Step In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
  • Photosensitive Polymer And Photoresist Processing (AREA)
US686237A 1956-03-30 1957-09-25 Electrolytic electrocopying apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3011963A (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE571471D BE571471A (un) 1957-09-25
NL231674D NL231674A (un) 1957-09-25
US686237A US3011963A (en) 1957-09-25 1957-09-25 Electrolytic electrocopying apparatus
CH6429858A CH413598A (de) 1956-03-30 1958-09-24 Elektrolytischer Kopierapparat zum Betrachten und elektrolytischen Kopieren eines Lichtbildes
DK345558AA DK104775C (da) 1957-09-25 1958-09-24 Elektrolytisk kopieringsapparat.
GB30519/58A GB907575A (en) 1957-09-25 1958-09-24 Improvements in electrocopying apparatus
FR1212244D FR1212244A (fr) 1957-09-25 1958-09-24 Appareil de reproduction des documents par électrolyse
DE19581497004 DE1497004A1 (de) 1957-09-25 1958-09-25 Elektrolytisches Elektrokopiergeraet

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US686237A US3011963A (en) 1957-09-25 1957-09-25 Electrolytic electrocopying apparatus

Publications (1)

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US3011963A true US3011963A (en) 1961-12-05

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US686237A Expired - Lifetime US3011963A (en) 1956-03-30 1957-09-25 Electrolytic electrocopying apparatus

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US3011963A (un)
BE (1) BE571471A (un)
DE (1) DE1497004A1 (un)
DK (1) DK104775C (un)
FR (1) FR1212244A (un)
GB (1) GB907575A (un)
NL (1) NL231674A (un)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3102449A (en) * 1960-06-22 1963-09-03 Xerox Corp Xerographic microfilm enlarger
US3106157A (en) * 1960-07-28 1963-10-08 Eastman Kodak Co Photoconductolithography employing nickel salts
US3106156A (en) * 1960-07-28 1963-10-08 Eastman Kodak Co Photoconductography employing molybdenum or ferrous oxide
US3130655A (en) * 1963-01-21 1964-04-28 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Photographic apparatus
US3213003A (en) * 1961-08-01 1965-10-19 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Electrophotosensitive copy sheet and method of use thereof
US3227076A (en) * 1960-07-28 1966-01-04 Eastman Kodak Co Photoconductography employing reducing agents
US3240115A (en) * 1961-12-01 1966-03-15 Itek Corp Photographic apparatus
US3242858A (en) * 1960-07-28 1966-03-29 Eastman Kodak Co Photoconductography employing absorbed metal ions
US3263557A (en) * 1963-02-26 1966-08-02 Gen Electric Document recording systems
US3305459A (en) * 1963-08-27 1967-02-21 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Electrolytic electrocopying method and apparatus
US3475095A (en) * 1966-08-08 1969-10-28 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Apparatus for producing photographic prints by heat development
DE1772699B1 (de) * 1967-06-22 1971-07-08 Dennison Mfg Co Photokopiergeraet
DE2222154A1 (de) * 1971-05-06 1972-11-09 Ricoh Kk Lese- und Kopiergeraet
DE2255513A1 (de) * 1971-11-15 1973-05-30 Ricoh Kk Mikrolesegeraet
US6141027A (en) * 1997-08-04 2000-10-31 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Image recording method for recording a high quality image with an aqueous dye solution and accompanying apparatus

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE151971C (un) *
US1894004A (en) * 1930-05-12 1933-01-10 Rose William Horace T Rampling Photographic printing apparatus
GB464112A (en) * 1934-10-13 1937-04-12 Fritz Goldmann Photographic process
FR894125A (fr) * 1942-06-23 1944-12-14 Zeiss Ikon Ag Appareil combiné d'observation et de copie, destiné en particulier aux radiographies
US2540602A (en) * 1946-07-03 1951-02-06 Lockheed Aircraft Corp Method and apparatus for the surface treatment of metals
US2636848A (en) * 1948-07-19 1953-04-28 Rca Corp High-speed electrolytic marking

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE151971C (un) *
US1894004A (en) * 1930-05-12 1933-01-10 Rose William Horace T Rampling Photographic printing apparatus
GB464112A (en) * 1934-10-13 1937-04-12 Fritz Goldmann Photographic process
FR894125A (fr) * 1942-06-23 1944-12-14 Zeiss Ikon Ag Appareil combiné d'observation et de copie, destiné en particulier aux radiographies
US2540602A (en) * 1946-07-03 1951-02-06 Lockheed Aircraft Corp Method and apparatus for the surface treatment of metals
US2636848A (en) * 1948-07-19 1953-04-28 Rca Corp High-speed electrolytic marking

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3102449A (en) * 1960-06-22 1963-09-03 Xerox Corp Xerographic microfilm enlarger
US3242858A (en) * 1960-07-28 1966-03-29 Eastman Kodak Co Photoconductography employing absorbed metal ions
US3106157A (en) * 1960-07-28 1963-10-08 Eastman Kodak Co Photoconductolithography employing nickel salts
US3106156A (en) * 1960-07-28 1963-10-08 Eastman Kodak Co Photoconductography employing molybdenum or ferrous oxide
US3227076A (en) * 1960-07-28 1966-01-04 Eastman Kodak Co Photoconductography employing reducing agents
US3213003A (en) * 1961-08-01 1965-10-19 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Electrophotosensitive copy sheet and method of use thereof
US3240115A (en) * 1961-12-01 1966-03-15 Itek Corp Photographic apparatus
US3130655A (en) * 1963-01-21 1964-04-28 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Photographic apparatus
US3263557A (en) * 1963-02-26 1966-08-02 Gen Electric Document recording systems
US3305459A (en) * 1963-08-27 1967-02-21 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Electrolytic electrocopying method and apparatus
US3475095A (en) * 1966-08-08 1969-10-28 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Apparatus for producing photographic prints by heat development
DE1772699B1 (de) * 1967-06-22 1971-07-08 Dennison Mfg Co Photokopiergeraet
DE2222154A1 (de) * 1971-05-06 1972-11-09 Ricoh Kk Lese- und Kopiergeraet
DE2255513A1 (de) * 1971-11-15 1973-05-30 Ricoh Kk Mikrolesegeraet
US6141027A (en) * 1997-08-04 2000-10-31 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Image recording method for recording a high quality image with an aqueous dye solution and accompanying apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1497004A1 (de) 1972-02-03
FR1212244A (fr) 1960-03-22
BE571471A (un)
DK104775C (da) 1966-06-27
NL231674A (un)
GB907575A (en) 1962-10-10

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