US300999A - Newton - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1..

P. M. NEWTON. ARC LAMP.

N0. 300,999. Patented June 24, 1884.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets$heet 2.

P. M. NEWTON.

ARC LAMP.

No. 300,999. Patented June 24, 18.84:.

NITED STATES ArnNr @FEEIQR ARC LAM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 300,999, dated June 24, 1884:.

Application filed November 28, 1883. (No model.) Patented in England March 31,' 1883, No. 1,623.

To CLZZ whom) it may concern..-

Be it known that I, FRANCIS MURRAY NEW- TON, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Belfast, in the county of Antrim, Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, have invented a new and useful Improved Electric-Arc Lamp, of which the following is a specification.

In an electric-arc lamp according to my in vention, the feeding of the carbon or of its holder, or it may be of both carbons or holders, is effected by a device moving with a vibrating or reciprocating motion. During the forward or acting portion of this Vibrating or reciprocating motion, the device takes a firm hold of the carbon or its holder, and during its backward or idle stroke the device slides freely over the said carbon or its holder. Thus an intermittent feed is imparted to the carbon during the-time that the above-mentioned device is in vibration or reciprocation. During the intervals, when the carbon is not actually moving forward, it is held by a second device, which offers sufficient resistance to its forward 'motion to maintain it in position against the influence of gravity, jarring, and the like, and a similar or still greater resistance against its backward motion, so that the carbon may not be carried back by the idle stroke of the vibrating device. If the vibrating device is properly adjusted, it will be suficient for the second device to give an equal pressure in both directions after the manner of a brake. The vibrating device derives its motion from an electro-magnet or solenoid in the main circuit, or in a derivation thereof, or in a shunt-circuit round the are, according as the lamp is intended to burn alone, or in parallel circuit, or in series. This magnet or solenoid acts upon an armature or core, which ,in the course of its motion, operates a make-and-break ar rangement, by which some or all of the con volutions of the conductor on the magnet or solenoid are short-circuited or cut out of circuit; hence the power of the magnet is, so long as the vibrating motion is kept up, alternately increased and diminished. The are is struck either by lowering the negative carbon by an electro-magnet or solenoid, or the whole of the previously-described feed-arrangement may be raised by similar means.

Referring to the accompanying sheet of drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation, partly in section, of an arc lamp embodying my invention, the cover being supposed to be removed.

Fig. 2 is a plan of the same. Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the device A, and Fig. 4 aplan of the same.

A is a vibrating device hinged or pivoted by the arm B'to the standard 0, and surrounding the carbon or electrode. Its interior is provided with fingers, feelers, or cams, here shown as elastic wires A,fixed in a foundation, A of metal, leather, or india-rubber, after the manner of wire-card filleting. The points of these wires normally inolose a cylindrical space rather less in diameter than the carbon D (or holder) they are intended to grasp,

and hence when the carbon D (or holder) is passed through them from above they are deflected, and thus form a series of toggle-like arms, which oppose but a very slight resistance to the motion of the device A (relatively to the carbon D) in one direction, but take a firm grip on the carbon D when the device A is moved in the other direction. E is a sta tionary device similar in construction to the vibrating device A. It obtains sufficient frictional hold of the carbon D to maintain it against motion in the direction of the arc in opposition to the action of gravity, jarring, and the like, but cannot retain it against the additional impulse of the forward stroke of the vibrating device A. In the opposite direction the device E obtains a firm grasp, as already explained with regard to A. The diameter of the space inclosed by the points of the elastic fingers, both in A and E, can be varied by screws, which draw the sides of the case more tightly together. The vibration of the device A is effected by the electro-magnet G, which is situated in a shunt-circuit around the are in a manner which is well understood. This magnet attracts an armature, F, connected to the vibrating device A; but so long as the are does not exceed its normal length the attraction is not suflicient to overcome the power of the spring H. When, however, the length of the arc increases beyond the determined amount, theattraction of the magnet overcomes the spring, and the armature, with the device A, is drawn down. Immediately it has moved the sluint-circuit is broken where i it crosses the COIIiZZIClrPOiDtS at 1', the magnet loses its power, and the armature rises, carrying the device A. with it into position, ready for the next stroke, which occurs immediately the contact-pieces touch, unless the previous stroke has reduced the arc to the desired. length. The course of the current through the lamp is as follows: it enters at the terminal iii, passes by the wire L to the casing 3i, thence through. the contact-springs N N to the upper carbon, 1), across the are to the negative carbon 0, and. from its holder to the core of the electro-magnet 1. One end 0]. the coil surrounding .l. is connected to the core, and hence it receives the current which is conveyed from the other end of the coil. by a wire to the rod Q, and thence by a second wire to the other terminal, it. The shunt-circuit passes up through the positive carbon from the coutact-springs IN N to the device A, thence to the pivoted arm 13, and through the contactpieces I to the column S, and through the electromagnet U to the terminal it. The are is struck by the eleetro-inaguct 1, which attracts an armature, .l., at the bottom of the ball-andsoelcet-jointed carbon-holder U.

The position of the carbon may be adjusted by the socket-jointed carbon-holder U, and the ball in the socket-joint can be tightened or loosened by the screw 1". The ball may be either split, so as to let the carbon pass through it, or solid, so as to press on one side of the carbon, or it may be hollow.

The motion 01' the armature, which is guided by the non-n1agnetic pin V, is opposed by the spring \V, which can be adjusted by the screwed plug X. Similarl y, the resistance ofi'ered to the attract-ital oi the magnet G can be varied by the screw Y.

Z is a deflecting-cup to shield the lamp i'roln the-risii'ig gases, and M. is a dust cap or casing to protect the fixed device l] and mechanism above.

The springs l N, which convey the current to the upper carbon, may in. some cases be made to perform the ollice ot' the lixed device l), as well as their own.

.i am aware that catches have been used. which press lirnily against the sides of a rod. supporting a carbon, and thus prevent its downward. motion, but so placed as to permit its motion in an upward direction. Nor do l: herein claim, broadly, elastic lingers or :l'eelers set in a Foundation of metal, leather, or imlia-rubber, which take a .trietional hold oi the carbon, feeding it forward when moving in one direction, and slide over it when moving in the opposite direction, as the same are described and claimed in my pending application No. 113,016; but

\Vhat l claim is- 1. in an electric-arelamp, the fixed carbonholdcr ll, provided with lingers, leelers, or wires set in a .l'oumlation of metal, leather, or indiarubber, or other suitable material, and a suitable adjusting device, such as slnnrn, whereby the hold upon. the carbon is increased or diminished, substantially as de scribed.

2. In an electric-arc lamp, the eombinatioh. of an electro-magnet or solenoid whose circuit is closed or short-cireuited whenever the de vice makes its stroke, with the vibr: reciprocating device A, iorined of et gers, as described, and the fixed braking earbon-holcler ot' the same kind, substantially as described.

3. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination of the spring .lli, nevided with an :uljustin;.g screw, Ti, carbon-holder A, ivoted arm 13, contact-piece 1i, column b, electroniagnet it, fixed. carbon-ho1der lil, casing 1i, contactsprings N 351', and dnsteap Z, substantially as described.

st. in an electricarc lamp, the spring .li', pivoted arm .13, vibrating carbon-holder A, eleetro-inagnet U, and stationary rarboir holder i substantially as descr.il. ed.

fit 1

Images