US245309A - moffatt - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

R. R. MOFFATT Sz S. OHICHESTER.

ELECTRIC LAMP.

No. 245,309.. i Patented Aug. 9,1881.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

R. R. MOFFATT 8v S. CHIOHESTER.

ELECTRIC LAMP.

Patented Aug. QQSL UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RICHARD B. MOFFATT AND SYLVESTER GHICHESTEB, OF BROOKLYN, N. Y.

ELECTRIC LAM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No, 245,309, dated August 9, 1881.

Application tiled March 2l, 1881.

.To all whom it may concern Be it known that we, RICHARD R. MOFFATT and SYLvEs'rER CHroHEs'rEE, both ofthe city of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain Improvements in Electric Lamps; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use it, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, which forni part of this specification.

Our invention relates to devices for regulating the distance between the points ot the electrodes in what is termed a point-to-poiiit electric lamp;77 and it consists in a novel. arrangement of electro-inagnets located in the main circuit combined with electro-magnets located in a shunt or derived circuitiii such a manner that the slightest change in the resistance of the arc will cause the electro-magnets to operate mechanism which will produce a sutlicieiit feed lniovement ofl the electrodes as they are consumed, to keep them always at the proper distance apart for the production of light ol' a maximum intensity.

In the drawings, Figure l is a front elevation ot' a device embodying` our invention, the lower portion of which is shown partly in section. Fig. 2 represents a plan ot' the upper part of the same. Fig. 3 represents a plan view of the upper part of the same with the electro-magnetsremoved, and showin gthe tilt; ing armature in position. Fig. il is a side view, showing the tilting armature in position. Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the carbon holder and tube, illustrating the manner ot' its operation.

Similar letters of reference in the several iigures indicate like parts.

In the drawings, A is a plate ot' wood, which, with the metal pieces a a and a a', forni the frame ot' the lamp.

B is an electro-magnet,which is provided with a hollow core, within which is located a carbon-holder rod c. On the upper end of the rod c is secured the iron armature B. The rod c is capable of a longitudinal movement within the magnet B. A set-screw nut, d, Workingnear the lower extremity of the rod (No model.)

c, regulates the movement of the rod, and a small spiral spring, c, tends to force the rod c upward when the electric circuit is broken. The armature B' moves with the rod, and when the electric circuit is complete the magnet B will draw thc armature B', the lower carbon, and the rod downward, thus separating the points ot` the electrodes to form the are.

M is an electro-magnet, which is secured to one arni ot' a yoke, 7i., the latter being secured to a metallic tube, F. On the other arni ot` the yoke li is mounted an electro-magnet, N. rlliis magnet is so arranged that it can be ailjusted by means of a screw-rod, t', and the two screw-nuts fi' fi. The armatures ot' these electro-magnets M and N are iirmly secured together by a noii-iiiagiietic material, and are pivoted to standards g g, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, in such a manner that the armatures 7i; and L will each be influenced by the magnetic force ot' both the electro-magnets lll and N. These magnets are so wound (or connected up) with wire that the electric currentl passing iii them will cause the poles to be ot' like nature in each bobbiii or helix that faces (and acts upon) the same armature. For example, the armature l; will have the north pole of the magnet M acting' upon one end and the north pole ot' the magnet N acting upon its other end, while the same effect takes place with the south poles ot' the magnets M and N upon the armature lt. The magnet M is placed in the main circuit, which conveys the electric current through the arc, and the magnet N, which is made ot' tine insulated wire having comparatively great resistance, is located in a shunt or derived circuit.

p is a tube the lower end ot' which carries a carbon-holder. This tube is arranged to move within the large tube F, in the upper part of which are located small pulleys.

XV is a weight, to which cords or chains are attached, which, extending upward and over the pulleys, are iliade fast to the tube p. rIhe weight l tends to couiitcrbalaiice the weight ot the tube p, the latter having a slight preponderance, thus causing it to move slowly downward by its gravity. The tube Fis secured at its lower end to the plate A, as shown in Fig. 5.

'SOO

A lever-brake, s, is located as shown, one end of which rests against the tube p. A rod, s', extends from the lever to the armatureframe. Each end of the rod enters a recess, which keeps it in position.

t is a set-screw for adjusting the movement of the tilting armature.

The operation of our invention is as follows: When the electric circuit is made the current enters the binding-post through the ma'gnet M, into the yoke and tubes F and p; Jthence through the carbons, the magnet B, and frame to the binding-post in its passage. Thus it causes the magnet M to attract the tilting armatures`7c kf, raising the ends nearest to the magnet M and causing the other ends to be depressed, which, in turn, presses upon the rod s and lever s, thereby preventing the movement otl the tube p, (and the carbon attached thereto.) At the same time the armature B is drawn down by the magnet B, taking with it the lower carbon, thus separating the electrodes, when the arc will appear. A portion of the current passes from the bindingpost marked through the magnet N, to the binding-post marked (said magnet N having high resistance, as described.) As the carbons are consumed the size ot' the arc increases, and with it the resistance to the electric current increases, and the attractive force of the magnet M is lessened. At the same time the magnetic power of the magnet N is increased in proportion to the increase ot' resistance in the are, and its action on the armature is to charge the extreme end thereof-wiz., the end ofthe armature that is in close proximity to the poles of the magnet M-with magnetism of alike or similar nature,thus causing the action ot' repulsion, which tends to force the tilting armature down upon the end ofthe set-screw t, and raising the other end ot the armature from the rod s', thus relieving the pressure of the lever-brake s upon the tube 19, when the latter moves downward by its gravity until the distance between the carbon points is lessened, and the resistance in the electric circuitis also decreased when the magnetic force ot' the magnet M is increased and that of the magnet N is decreased, thus changing the preponderance ot' like polarity in the armature to the other end thereof, and its action of repulsion upon the magnets is reversed, again depressing the armature upon the rod s', lever s, and tube p, holding the latter from moving. This action ot' the magnets M and N upon the armature, acting upon the principle of similar poles repellin g each other, is so sensitive in its action through the agency of the tilting armature, (the movement of which is so slight,) as described, that the feeding of the carbons and the size and resistance in the arc are regulated automatically' with the best results for the production of light of a maximum intensity.

By means ot screw-nuts i t' the-resistantmagnet N may be adjusted by increasing or decreasing its distance from the armature, so as to keep any desired arc.

This arrangement of magnets and tilting armature for operating and regulating the working of an electric lamp may be modified in its various details without departing from its general principles; and we do not limit ourselves to the repulsive properties ot' the magnets M and N, acting upon and by means of an armature, for the purpose specied, as the properties ot' attraction as well as repulsion can be successfully utilized for the same end by simply mounting or arranging the tilting armature upon its pivots in such a Inanner that the armature t: will be under both poles ot one magnet and the other armature under the poles of the other magnet. For this purpose we have shown in Figs. 3 and 4 provisions m, in which the pivots that support the tilting armature may be inserted to operate. In this case the armatures k and 7c' will occupy a position.parallel with the oentral line ot' the pivots and at right angles to that shown in the drawings, while the position of the magnets M and N will not be changed.

It desired, the weight IV may be a tube, and made to occupy a space between the tubes F and p, the latter passing through the tubeweight.

By the use ot a chain-connection between the tube p and the counter-weight W said chain in its entirety being` of a less weight than the carbon, an element ol' compensation enters into the operation, which causes the preponderance in the tube p and carbon to be nearly the same, notwithstanding the loss of weight by the consumption ol"l the carbon. This is caused by the weight of chain gradually decreasing on one side ot' the pulleys and increasing the weight on the other side, thus compensating for the loss in carbon by consulnption.

The magnets M and N may be axial magnets with movable iron cores.

Having thus fully described the nature, construction, and operation of our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is I 1. In an electric lamp, the combination ot' the electromagnets B and M, located in the main circuit, and the electro-magnet N,located in a shunt-circuit, for the purpose of forming and regulating the arc, substantially as herein specified.

2. In an electric lamp, the combination of the electro-magnets M and N, the tilting armature K, 7o' the carbon-rod p, and mechanism to check and regulate the feed of the carbon, substantially as herein specified.

3. In an electric lamp, the combination of the electro-magnet M, located in the :main circuit, and the electro-magnet N, located in a shunt-circuit, said magnets having poles of ICO IOS

like nature acting upon the same armature, feed oi' t-he carbon, substantially es herein substantiallynsand for the purpose specitied. specified.

4. Iwan/ electric lamp, the combination of R P MOFFATT the electro-magnets M and N, the tilting ztrw', w 5 mature 7c 7c', the carbon-rod 11, and the lever- SYL ESTER GHHJHESEER brake s, constructed substantial] y as described, W'itnesses: so that the action of magnetic attraction and S. R. KNIFFIN, repulsion will act to check and regulate the E. M. HERRING.

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