US3009639A - Electrical calculation circuit - Google Patents

Electrical calculation circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
US3009639A
US3009639A US445119A US44511954A US3009639A US 3009639 A US3009639 A US 3009639A US 445119 A US445119 A US 445119A US 44511954 A US44511954 A US 44511954A US 3009639 A US3009639 A US 3009639A
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Prior art keywords
contacts
windings
group
contact
relays
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Expired - Lifetime
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US445119A
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English (en)
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Hoppe Walter
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El Re Ma S A Per Lo Sfruttamen
El-Re-Ma Sa Per Lo Sfruttamento Di Brevetti
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El Re Ma S A Per Lo Sfruttamen
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F7/00—Methods or arrangements for processing data by operating upon the order or content of the data handled
    • G06F7/38—Methods or arrangements for performing computations using exclusively denominational number representation, e.g. using binary, ternary, decimal representation
    • G06F7/40—Methods or arrangements for performing computations using exclusively denominational number representation, e.g. using binary, ternary, decimal representation using contact-making devices, e.g. electromagnetic relay
    • G06F7/42—Adding; Subtracting

Definitions

  • calculation circuits comprising, for each decimal place, two groups of elements the combination of which makes it possible to define one of the digits between and 9.
  • One of these two groups has elements and is designated as being a quinary group, the second group having two elements and being designated as binary.
  • Each element of the first group in combination with one of the two elements of the second group makes it possible, according to a code suitably chosen, to define one of the digits between 0 and 9.
  • the present invention is concerned with an electrical calculation circuit intended to perform a simple operation with two numbers, each digit of a units place of these numbers being defined by the positions of certain contacts belonging to two sets of contacts arranged in two calculation groups respectively, the contacts arranged in each group being connected to each other and to the windings of relays designed to define the result of the said simple operation.
  • simple operation addition and subtraction are to be understood, as opposed to compound operations, such as multiplicatin and division, which can be performed by means of a series of additions or subtractions.
  • each calculation group has two input conductors and two output conductors, of which one input and one output are provided for the transmission of carries, the two output conductors of one of the groups being connected to the two input conductors of the other group, respectively, the said relays each having two windings connected to the two output conductors respectively, while the two input conductors are connected to double contacts.
  • the electrical calculation circuit according to the invention has the advantage of making it possible to reduce the number of the contacts, which makes it possible to use lighter and less cumbersome relays.
  • FIG. 1 represents a circuit designed for calculation on the biquinary system.
  • FIG. 2 represents an analogous circuit for calculation on the odd-even system.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 represent circuits'for calculation on the biquinary and odd-even systems respectively, comprising tables of addition.
  • FIG. 5 shows a special arrangement of four contacts.
  • FIG. 1 shows a decimal place of an electrical calcula-' tion circuit intended to perform additions.
  • This circuit comprises two groups of contacts A and B each intended. to define one of the two numbers involved in an addition, the result of which is defined by relays belonging to a group R.
  • the A group comprises a five-position multiplecontact wiper and a two-position multiple contact wiper in each decimal place.
  • the B group comprises, in each decimal place, double contacts b0, b1, b2, b3, b4, bu and bv, while the R group comprises seven relays, each bearing two windings.
  • the decimal place illustrated has two input conductors c1 and c2 and two output conductors el and e2.
  • a complete calculation circuit comprises a plurality of decimal places and is composed of a series of circuits according to FIG. 1, these circuits being connected to each other in series, the output conductors el and e2 of a decimal place being connected to the input conductors c1 and c2, re spectively, of the next decimal place.
  • the two inputs (:1, (:2 go to five double contacts b0, b1, b2, b3, b4, which which are connected to six movable points aml of a multiple-contact wiper, these contacts being capable of being shifted with respect to ten fixed points afl.
  • Each of these fixed points is connected to a relay winding.
  • These windings are placed two on a relay. Windings 1R0 and 2R0 are placed on the same relay, 1R1 and 2R1 are likewise placed on a second relay and so on up to 1R4 and 2R4.
  • These ten windings are connected in two groups of five that go to connections d1 and d2. All the elements designated above constitute a quinary calculation group.
  • Connections d1 and d2 are connected to double contacts bu, bv, which are in connection with threemovable points amu of a two-position multiple-contact wiper. These movable points are capable of being shifted with respect to four fixed points afu, which are connected to four windings lRu. lRv, 2Ru and 2Rv. Windings lRu and 2Ru are mounted on a first relay and windings 1Rv and 2Rv on a second relay. Windings lRu and lRv are connected to an output conductor e1, while windings 2Ru and 2Rv are connected to output conductor e2.
  • the elements included between the connections d1, d2 and e1, e2 constitute a binary calculation group. 7
  • Double contacts to b4 and bu, bv are intended to define, by their closure, a digit between 0 and 9.
  • the following table indicates the contacts that must me made for each digit of a decimal place: H H v j digit binary quinary contacts contacts bu b0 bu b1 bu b2 bu b3 bu b4 It will be seen that contacts b0 to b4 make it possibleto define the digits from 0 to 4 when contact bu is closed,
  • the two multiple-contact wipers are likewise intended to the movable points aml can assume five positions with respect to points afl and hence define the digits to 4; points Limit of the multiple-contact wiper of the binary group should be able to assume two positions with respect to the four fixed points in order to indicate whether a zero or a five should be added to the number defined in the quinary group.
  • the double contacts and the multiple-contact wipers are connected in such a way as to make a current entering at 01 pass through the windings of those relays that define the result of the addition of the two numbers defined in the double contacts and the multiple-contact wipers.
  • the relay bearing windings 1R0 and 2R0 defines the digit 0, the one bearing windings 1R1 and 2R1 defines the digit 1 and so on up to 2R4.
  • the relay bearing windings IR and 2R indicates that the digit 0 is to be added to the number defined in the quinary group, while the relay bearing windings lRv and 2Rv indicates that a should be added to this number.
  • the double contacts define the digit 8
  • contacts b3 and bv are closed.
  • the multiple-contact wipers define the digit two, for the five-position wiper is set in its second position from the bottom and the two-position wiper is in its lower position.
  • the current entering at c1 passes across the lower contact of double contact b3, goes through winding 2R0, then through upper contact bv and through winding ZRu before leaving via e2.
  • the excitation of the relays bearing windings 2R0 and 2R1: indicates that the result of the addition in this decimal place is equal to zero and the fact that the current leaves via e2 signifies that a tens carry is to be made in the next decimal place. If the current had been sent through c2 instead of c1, it would have gone through the upper contact of b3 and winding 2R1, thus defining the digit 1 instead of zero.
  • input conductor c2 makes it possible to add a 1 to the sum of the two numbers defined by the two groups of contacts.
  • FIG. 2 represents a variant embodiment, in which the binary group comes before the quinary group.
  • the calculation takes place according to a system known as oddeven.
  • the double contacts and wiper of the quinary group each make it possible to define the even digits: 0,
  • FIG. 3 represents a circuit equivalent to that of FIG. 1, but one in which the five position wiper is replaced by five sextuple contacts a0, a1, a2, a3, a4. These last are connected to double contacts b0 to b4 in such a way as to constitute a table of addition.
  • the closed contacts of FIG. 3 have been so chosen as to define the same numbers as in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 represents a circuit equivalent to that of FIG. 2, in which the five-position wipers have likewise been replaced by five sextuple contacts a0, a2, a4, a6, a8.
  • a triple two-position switch an takes the place of the two-position wiper.
  • the double contacts and the sextuple contacts are again connected in such a way as to form a table of addition.
  • the digit 4 is defined in the B group by the closure of b4 and bu
  • the digit 8 is defined in the A group by the closure of sextuple contact a8 and by the position of triple switch all.
  • the current entering at 01 goes through windings 1R1! and 2R2 to come out at e2, which signifies that the result of the addition gives a 2 in this decimal place and that a tens carry has to be transmitted to the next decimal place.
  • the contacts of the A and B groups have always been connected to the windings of the relays of the R group in such a way that these last indicate the result of an addition of the numbers defined in the A and B groups, but it is clearly understood that these contacts could be connected to each other and to the windings of the relays of the R group in such a way as to perform subtractions.
  • These examples of construction were designed to define the digits from 0 to 9, but it is clearly understood that they could be modified in such a way as to define more or less than ten digits, for example in calculating machines intended for monetary systems difierent from the decimal system. If in such a machine one of the orders of units should have to be able to define twelve different numbers, the binary and quinary groups could be replaced, for example, by groups on the basis of 3 and 4.
  • windings lRu and 2R1 could be replaced by resistances and the working contacts of relay Ru by rest contacts of relay Rv.
  • the sets of contacts of the binary group will be able always to direct the current into any one of four paths, but only two of those paths will include a relay Winding, the two others being made up of resistances.
  • FIG. 5 shows a diagram in which it is possible to direct a current into five difierent lines 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 by means of four two-position contacts, one position being the working position and the other the rest position. These four contacts are designated by r0, r1, r2 and r3, respectively and are represented in their rest position.
  • Contact r0 can be controlled by the relay that defines Zero and 'carries windings 1R0 and 2R0, the contast r1 by the relay bearing windings 1R1 and 2R1, etc.
  • the relay bearing windings 1R4 and 2R4 and defining the digit 4 can then be eliminated, while its windings are replaced by resistances.
  • contact r0 When the relay defining zero is excited, contact r0 is actuated and connects input conductor f with line 0. If the relay defining the digit 1 is energized, contact r1 is actuated and establishes the circuit between line 1 and input f, by means of contact r0, which is in its rest position. When no relay is energized, the current entering at 1 goes successively across the four contacts, which are in their rest positions, and reaches line 4. We see that it is possible to suppress, in each decimal place, one relay in the binary group and one relay in the quinary group.
  • An electrical calculating machine for the addition of numbers a quinary assembly comprising five relays each having a double winding so that there is a first group of five windings and a second group of five windings, one end of said first group being connected to a first common terminal and one.
  • a six point switch movable to connect to the other ends of said windings, a first incoming line, a first group of spaced contacts connected to said first incoming line, a second incoming line, a second group of spaced contacts connected to said second incoming line, double pole switches connected to pairs of contacts of said six point switch and movable to selectively connect said pairs of contacts to a spaced contact of said first incoming line and to a spaced contact on said second incoming line, and a binary assembly comprising a pair of spaced contacts connected to said first common terminal and a pair of spaced contacts connected to said second common terminal, a pair of relays with each having a double winding having one end of a first pair of windings on one relay connected to an outlet line and having one end of a second pair of windings on the other relay connected to a second outlet line, a three pole switch connectible to the other ends of said windings, and a pair of double pole switches connected to pairs of contacts
  • a quinary assembly comprising five relays each having a double winding so that there is a first group of five windings and a second group of five windings, one end of said first group being connected to a first common outlet line and one end of said second group being connected to a second common outlet line, a six point switch movable to connect to the other ends of said windings, a first row of spaced contacts, a second row of spaced contacts, double pole switches connected to pairs of contacts of said six points switch and movable to selectively connect pairs of said contacts of said six pole switch to a spaced contact of said first row of spaced contacts and to a spaced contact of said second row of spaced contacts, a binary assembly comprising a pair of relays each having a double winding, one end of the double winding of one relay being connected in common to said first row of spaced contacts and one end of the double winding of the other relay being connected in common to said second row of spaced contacts, a three pole
  • An electrical calculating machine for addition of numbers comprising in combination a quinary assembly and binary assembly, said quinary assembly comprising a group of five relays with each relay having a pair of windings with a first end and a second end and having the first end of each winding connected to a fixed contact individual to said winding, a six-contact wiper movable to engage said fixed contacts in five operative positions, a first row of contacts connected each to a first incoming line, a second row of contacts connected each to a second incoming line, a set of five double pole single throw switches conected to the contacts of said six-contact wiper to selectively connect a pair of said wiper contacts to a contact in said first row of contacts and to a contact in said second row of contacts, the second end of one group of windings on said five relays being connected in common to a first outgoing line, and the second end of another group of windings on said five relays being connected in common to a second outgoing line, a pair of spaced contacts connected to said first
  • An electrical calculating machine for addition of numbers comprising in combination a quinary assembly and binary assembly, said quinary assembly comprising a group of five relays with each relay having a pair of windings with a first end and a second end and having the first end of each winding connected through operable quinary addition switching means to a first incoming line and a second incoming line, the second end of one group of windings on said five relays being connected in common to a first outgoing line, and the second end of another group of windings on said five relays being connected in common to a second outgoing line, said binary assembly comprising a pair of relays with each having twowindings and with a first end of each winding connected through operable binary addition switching means to a third and a fourth incoming lines, the second end of one group of windings of said pair of relays being connected in common .to a third outgoing line, and the second end of another group of' windings being connected in common to a fourth outgoing line, two outgoing lines of
  • An electrical calculating machine for addition of numbers comprising in combination a quinary assembly and binary assembly, said quinary assembly comprising a group of five relays with each relay having a pair of windings with a first end and a second end and having the first end of each winding connected to a first switching means capable of connecting at will six of said first ends to a set of five double-pole single throw switches, said set of switches having a first row and a second row of five contacts respectively connected to a first incom ing line and a second incoming line to selectively connect two of said first ends to said first and second incoming lines, the second end of one group of windings on said five relays being connected in common to a first outgoing line and the second end of another group of windings on said five relays being connected in common to a second outgoing line, said binary assembly comprising a pair of relays with each having two windings and with a first end of each winding connected to a second switching means capable of connecting at will three of said first ends of the windings
  • An electrical calculating machine for addition of numbers comprising in combination a quinary assembly and binary assembly, said quinary assembly comprising a group of five relays with each relay having a pair of windings with a first end and a second end and having the first end of each winding connected to a fixed contact individual to said winding, a six-contact wiper movable to engage said fixed contacts in five operative positions, a first row of contacts connected each to a first incoming line, a second row of contacts connected each to a second incoming line, a set of five double-pole single throw switches connected to the contacts of said sixcontact wiper to selectively connect a pair of said wiper contacts to a contact in said first row of contacts and to a contact in said second row of contacts, the second end of one group of windings on said five relays being connected in common to a first outgoing line, and the second end of another group of windings on said five relays being connected in common to a second outgoing line, a first relay interposed in series with said first
  • An electrical calculating machine for the addition of numbers comprising, in combination, a quinary assembly and a binary assembly, a first group of spaced contacts connected to a first incoming line, a second group of spaced contacts conneced to a second incoming line, said quinary assembly comprising a plurality of relays with each having a double winding and having one end of a single winding of each of said plurality of relays connected in common to a first outlet line and having one end of another single winding of each of said plurality of relays connected in common to a second outlet line, the other ends of said windings being connected each to contacts individual to each winding, a group of six contact switches selectively connectible to said winding contacts, a plurality of double pole single throw switches connected to the contacts of said six contact switches and movable to selectively connect said contacts of said six contact switches to contacts in said first and said second groups of spaced contacts connected to said first and to said second incoming lines, respectively, a third group of spaced contacts connected to said first

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • Computational Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
  • Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
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US445119A 1953-07-31 1954-07-22 Electrical calculation circuit Expired - Lifetime US3009639A (en)

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CH780955X 1953-07-31

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US3009639A true US3009639A (en) 1961-11-21

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US (1) US3009639A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH315927A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1073773B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1110837A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB780955A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (2) NL188644B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3293423A (en) * 1964-01-13 1966-12-20 Cincinnati Milling Machine Co Quinary adder carry circuit
US3308284A (en) * 1963-06-28 1967-03-07 Ibm Qui-binary adder and readout latch

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1110920B (de) 1958-05-20 1961-07-13 Uchida Yoko Company Ltd Zahlenrechner der Relais-Bauart
US3015445A (en) * 1958-05-20 1962-01-02 Uchida Yoko Company Ltd Relay type bi-quinary adder apparatus
DE1136143B (de) * 1960-02-03 1962-09-06 Anker Werke Ag Geschaeftsmaschine zur Errechnung von Zinsen

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2364540A (en) * 1942-10-10 1944-12-05 Ibm Calculating machine
US2386763A (en) * 1940-08-07 1945-10-16 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Record controlled system
US2486809A (en) * 1945-09-29 1949-11-01 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Biquinary system calculator
US2601281A (en) * 1941-04-24 1952-06-24 Int Standard Electric Corp Binary add-subtract device
US2679977A (en) * 1946-12-17 1954-06-01 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Calculator sign control circuit
US2699290A (en) * 1950-03-20 1955-01-11 Hoppe Walter Electromagnetic adding device for computers

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2386763A (en) * 1940-08-07 1945-10-16 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Record controlled system
US2601281A (en) * 1941-04-24 1952-06-24 Int Standard Electric Corp Binary add-subtract device
US2364540A (en) * 1942-10-10 1944-12-05 Ibm Calculating machine
US2486809A (en) * 1945-09-29 1949-11-01 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Biquinary system calculator
US2679977A (en) * 1946-12-17 1954-06-01 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Calculator sign control circuit
US2699290A (en) * 1950-03-20 1955-01-11 Hoppe Walter Electromagnetic adding device for computers

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3308284A (en) * 1963-06-28 1967-03-07 Ibm Qui-binary adder and readout latch
US3293423A (en) * 1964-01-13 1966-12-20 Cincinnati Milling Machine Co Quinary adder carry circuit

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FR1110837A (fr) 1956-02-17
NL103491C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB780955A (en) 1957-08-14
NL188644B (nl)
DE1073773B (de) 1960-01-21
CH315927A (fr) 1956-09-15

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