US3002510A

US3002510A - Portable power driven tools

Info

Publication number: US3002510A
Application number: US764609A
Authority: US
Inventors: Roman F Wonneman; Donovan S Grove
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1958-10-01
Filing date: 1958-10-01
Publication date: 1961-10-03
Anticipated expiration: 1978-10-03

Description

Oct. 3, 1961 R. F. WONNEMAN ET AL 3,002,510

PORTABLE POWER DRIVEN TOOLS Filed Oct. 1, 1958 2 Sheets-Sheet l 35 /la 37 24 4 54 62 e4 INVENTORS BY gm M Oct. 3, 1961 R. F. WONNEMAN ET AL 3,002,510

PORTABLE POWER DRIVEN TOOLS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 1, 1958 9? 2 mm mm n 9 w W m on iv a on 3 2 W m M M v N- z 9 Q Ll- WU 0? 3 a 31% l 8 an mm 2 on 1 3 \Y 2 United States Patent a O 3,002,510 PORTABLE POWER DRIVEN TOOLS Roman F. Wouneman, 9621 Harding Ave., Baltimore,

Md., and Donovan S. Grove, Mount Vista Road, Bradshaw, Md.

Filed Oct. 1, 1958, Ser. No. 764,609 3 Claims. (Cl. 123-195) This invention relatesto portable power driven hand tools of the type used principally for drilling and tapping aunularly shaped holes in various materials. Previous disclosures in the art predicate the usefulness of these types of power driven tools on the physical size, horsepower aud stability of electric motors, and the immediate availability of various electric currents. Much ingenuity has been demonstrated in adapting electric motors to t-he requirements of hand tool operations to the extent that their usefulness, their appearances and their limitations are almost universally known and recognized. The Wide limitations of these types of electrically powered motor driven hand tools however, are subordinated to the immediate requirement for available electric power; and, in areas and locations where electric power is not available, such tools can hardly be used. To a large extent, this important limitation has been overcome with the introduction and use of portable combustible engine driven generators. The present invention was conceived to overcome this severe limitation.

Liquid fuel fed internal combustionengines also have been adapted for use in a wide variety of portable tools; but, due to the physical size and weight limitations of the engine itself their uses have been herebefore confined to single purpose implements, such as chain saws and various gardening mowers, tillers, and the like. Engines of this type have also been equipped with various types of flexible shaft arrangements so as to provide a degree of versatility in remote areas for power drilling and sawing. Here, the length of the flexible shaft is a restrictive factor in the more widespread use of such an adaption.

The limitations imposed by the inherent features of electrically powered hand tools along with the herebefore awkwardness, size and bulk of conventional internal combustion engines, inspired the design and development of the present invention.

To simply combine an internal combustion engine with a drill chuck, is an obvious but quite deceptive problem. There were problems involving carburetion; fuels, and the type thereof; the ignition system; heat transfer and inertial mechanics. A great deal of original thinking, ingenuity and actual development was expended to overcome these problems to produce a device which would perform its function and duplicate the many uses and functions of an electrically powered unit.

Therefore, with the foregoing preamble in mind;

It is an object of this invention to provide a self powered drilling machine of the hand type which does not require a source of electricity foreign to the drilling machine.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a self powered hand drill which is adaptable for drilling annularly shaped holes in various materials; and, which is adaptable for receiving various attachments for cutting and sanding, stirring and pumping liquids; and, in general, which will equal the-number of various uses now being done with electrically powered hand tools.

It is a further, and related object ofthis invention to provide a self powered hand drilling machine which permits its use in remote areas, and on wet and dry surfaces.

It is a further objective of this invention to provide a self powered hand drilling machine which utilizes either a vaporizable liquid fuel; or, a gaseous fuel; or, a solid 3,002,510 Patented Oct. 3, 1961 fuel; or a liquid fuel, from which combustion energy is utilized as a power source.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a self powered hand drilling machine which utilizes an air cooled two cycle internal combustion engine as its power plant.

It is a further objective of this invention to provide a self powered hand drilling machine which is light in weight, easy to use, and which will remain cool while it is being operated.

It is a further objective of this invention to provide a self powered hand drilling machine, which utilizes an internal combustion engine as it power plant, and which is easy to start and which is capable of being operated over a wide range of varying and variable speeds, and varying and variable torques.

It is a further objective of this invention to provide a self powered hand drilling machine which can be used in its intended functions in any plane of operation.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a self powered hand drilling machine powered by an internal combustion engine with externally located controls relative to a substantially enclosed combination of working and moving components.

Although the foregoing objectives are described in outline other objects of this invention will become apparent throughout the annexed specification and claims.

Referring to the drawings:

FIGURE 1 is a top plan view of the self powered hand drilling machine embodying the present invention.

FIGURE 2 is a transverse sectional view taken along lines 2-2 of FIGURE 3, and illustrates the mode of mounting the engine within the machine housing; and, also illustrates the pivoted flutter arm of an air powered electrical switch.

FIGURE 3 is a sectional view in elevation taken along lines 3-3 of FIGURE 1, and illustrates the arrangement of the various components within the drill housing.

FIG. 4 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line 4--4 of FIG. 3.

Referring to the drawings, the self powered drill embodying the present invention is shown consisting of a combination of main components wherein all are enclosed in a main hollow housing 10 which is provided with ventilation slots 11 and a pendant pistol grip portion 19 With a removable cover 12. A power system consisting principally of a combustible fuel fired heat engine 13, a gear train 14, a fuel tank 15, is enclosed within the cavity 17 formed by the configuration of the outer walls of the main housing 10, and the battery 16 is contained in the pendant pistol grip portion '19. The exterior geometric shape of the main hollow housing 10* and pendant portion 19 is substantially similar to that of previously disclosed conventional electric motor driven hand drills in that the main housing 10 is an elliptically shaped barrel or cylinder portion closed at one front end with means to support a chuck drive shaft 18 whilst the pendant portion 19 at the opposite rear end of the elliptically shaped barrel or cylinder portion 10 is formed of a configuration to provide a hollow pendant pistol like gripping handle portion 19. In order to provide access to the cavity 17 Within the main housing '10, wherein the combination of main components are situated as in the electric hand drill, the gripping handle 19 is provided with an aperture 20 and the removable cover 12 which is alfixed in place by means of screws 21 one at each corner of the cover 12. In addition to the ventilating slots 11 which are provided in one side of the main housing 10, an additional aperture is also provided in the main housing 10 for the control stem and knob 24 of a carburetor needle valve 37. In the front wall of the pendant pistol grip portion 19, an opening is provided for the control lever 22 of a starting switch 23, and in the enclosing cover 12 of the pendant housing '19, another aperture is provided through which the operating stem 48 of a fuel feed valve 47 is extended to terminate in a valve operating knob 25. The foregoing apertures in the main and pendant housing portions, which are provided as a means of extending the engine controls from the inner cavity to and through the housings, are threaded along with the carburetor needle valve stem 37 and the fuel feed valve stem 48 so as to provide for minute adjustment of either the engine carburetor or the fuel feed.

Referring to FIG. 3, a driven chuck drive shaft 18, which is threaded at one end to receive an expanding jaw chuck 46 of a design and configuration previously known and commonly referred to as a Jacobs chuck, is rotatably supported in the main housing and extends through the front wall thereof, and terminates as a support for a main drive gear 26 which is rigidly afiixed to the shaft .18. A shouldered stud 27 is rigidly aflixed to the inner side of the front wall of the main housing '10, and rotatably supports two idler gears, one of which engages the teeth of the main drive gear 26, whilst the other engages the teeth of an engine gear 29 which is afiixed to the output crank shaft 30 of the combustion heat engine 13. The foregoing gear train, which consists of the main drive gear 26 a pair of idler gears and a combustion engine gear 29, serve as a reduction type gear train and reduces the relatively high speed of the combustion engine output crank shaft 30 to the chuck drive shaft 18. A conventional type of liquid fuel operated air cooled two cycle engine 13 is supported within the main housing 10 in spaced relation to the walls thereof, and is rigidly afiixed therein on projecting supports 31 by means of screws or other types of fasteners. For brevity, no attempt will be made here to describe the configuration and operation of the heat engine 13 immediately in use as an actual reduction to practice as shown, because of the wide variety of such engines that are adaptable for this invention; and, because the heat engine design art has been thoroughly explored and disclosed with the result of the immediate availability of many difierent shapes and sizes of such engines for the purpose. In order to maintain clarity and simplicity in the present specifications however, only one type of liquid fuel fed heat engine, similar to that used by model airplane enthusiasts is shown and used for exemplification herein as the power plant in the present invention. This type of engine contains a carburetor housing 33, -a crankshaft 30, housing 34 and a piston rod in the housing 35 cast integrally with housing 34, with adequate provisions also being present in the engine for an ignition system and fuel feeding system. The heat engine 13, being rigidly affixed to the inside surfaces of the main housing 10 in the manner described, is situated therein so as to receive the discharge end of a fuel line 36 to the carburetor housing 33. of the engine. A fuel tank being of a configuration to fit snugly inside the main housing 10 and in the cavity '17 thereof, is rigidly aflixed to the wall of the main housing and is provided with a one way check valve 47 with a stem 48 which extends through the wall of the main housing 10 so as to provide a means whereby additional fuel can be introduced to the fuel tank. A fuel tank discharge line 38 is attached to a fuel feed valve 47 which serves as a means whereby the flow of fuel from the tank 15 to the carburetor 33 is controlled and controllable by means of the combination of the fuel feed valve seat 39, the stem 48 and operating knob 25. The carburetor needle valve stem 37 extends from the heat engine carburetor housing 33 to and through the wall of the main housing 10 and terminates in an annularly shaped knob 24 a distance 41 beyond the main housing 10 of the drill. The ignition system being substantially enclosed within the cavity 17 of the main housing 10 and pendant portion 19 of the drill, consists of a battery 16, a spark plug or glow plug 32, a starting switch 23, and an air flow switch 42. Energy from the battery is directed to the spark plug 32 by a system of insulated wires, to and through the starting ignition switch 23 to and through the air flow switch 42 to produce a means whereby when energized, the spark plug or glow plug 32 will spark to ignite and explode the fuel being compressed within the piston chamber of the heat engine 13. A battery 16 upon being enclosed within the hollow pistol like handle 19 at the rear of the main housing 10 and retained therein by a battery clip 43, is wired by line 51 to the open end terminal of the single pole single throw ignition switch 23 on one end, and is grounded to the main housing 10, through the pendant portion 19, by means of a wire 44 on the opposite end of the battery, the wire 44 being rigidly afiixed to both the battery 16 and the pendant portion 19 integral with the main housing =10. A fan 45 rigidly aflixed to the backwardly extending end of the crank shaft 30 of the engine 13 is provided there as a means of forcing air to and past the engine and also as a means of operating a flutter arm 49 of the air flow operated electrical switch 42, which consists of a rotatable flutter arm 49 and a stationary arm 50. Both, the rotatable flutter arm 49 and the stationary arm 50 have

electrical contacts

54, 55 rigidly aflixed thereto and are arranged to complete an electrical circuit when contacting each other. The ignition switch 23 is wired by line 52 to the contact 54 insulated on the flutter arm 49 of the air flow switch 42. When not in contact with each other the contacts on the stationary arm 50 and the flutter arm 49 are spaced in relation to each other so as to provide an interruption in the electrical circuit from the ignition switch 23 to the spark or glow plug in the engine 13. The contact 55 insulated on the stationary arm 50 and is cabled by line 53 to the spark plug 32 to complete the wiring within the drill housing.

As will be seen from FIG. 4, the arm 50 is part of the bracket 56 with upper and

lower shelves

62, 63, FIGS. 2 and 3, having oppositely disposed upper and lower pivot points 64, 65 that rotatably support the swinging arm 49 between them. A flat leaf spring 60 is fastened to the lower shelf of the bracket 56 as by means of a screw 61. From FIG. 2, it will be noted that the arm 49 can oscillate in a horizontal plane about pivot points 64, 65, under the action of fan 45 and spring 60 to close and open the battery circuit between

contacts

54, 55.

In operation it will be observed that all the components, gearing, engine, fuel, air and ignition system, necessary for the operation of the portable self powered hand drill are substantially enclosed within the main housing 10 of the drill, and that the controls for the speed and consequent ignition and fuel feed are readily accessible at the exterior for manual and hand transportable operation. It will also be observed that ventilation of the inner cavity 17 within the main housing is accomplished by reason of the fan 45 which draws atmosphere into the drill housing 10 from the also apertured handle 19, around and past the engine, and forces the said air to the atmosphere through the ventilation slots 11 so provided. In readying the portable drill for use, a cutting bit or attachment drive shaft is slidably inserted in the Jacobs chuck 46 and locked therein by previously known means therefor. The starting switch 23 is closed to partially complete the circuit from the battery 16 to the spark plug 32. The fuel feed knob 25 is adjusted slightly so as to permit the free how of fuel from the fuel tank to the carburetor within the carburetor housing 33. By manually rotating the chuck 46, either with the use of a lanyard, or by friction against a flat surface, a sufiicient amount of compression will build in the piston housing to provide one of the features necessary to start the engine. At the same time the chuck is manually rotated, the force of the air from the fan 45 will close the

air flow switch

49, 50, to complete the ignition circuit from the 'battery 16 to the spark plug 32. One switch, the starting switch operates the On 01f controls of the drill, while the carburetor needle valve 37 controls the air-fuel mixture, while the fuel feed valve 48 controls the output speed and torques to be delivered from the engine to the chuck. The one way valve 47 attached to the fuel tank 15 along with the vacuum force feed for the fuel permits the drill to be operated in any plane of operation.

Having accomplished our objectives, and having described our invention, we claim:

1. A hand operated portable tool comprising: a ventilated casing structure with a main hollow barrel housing portion adapted to be supported by the palm of one hand and having at one end thereof a driven rotatable shaft for driving an implement at the exterior of that end of the casing while attached to the shaft and reduction gearing on the inside of the casing alongside said end for driving said shaft, and a pendant hollow pistol grip handle housing portion at the opposite end of the main housing portion for holding the tool in operation solely by the grasp of the other hand, means for supporting a renewable supply of combustible fuel on the inside of the main housing above the pendant housing portion, a combustible fuel fired heat engine mounted on the interior of the main housing in spaced relation to the casing thereof at a region intermediate the fuel supply supporting means and the reduction gearing, said heat engine including a cylinder with a piston and a crank shaft connected with the reduction gearing, and ignition means for the fuel to the cylinder, an air line and a fuel supply line for the cylinder all located within the main housing and a fuel valve housing within the main housing between the fuel supply supporting means and the fuel supply line, with valves inside the main housing for control of the air to the air line and fuel from the fuel valve housing to the fuel line, with control extensions to the outside of said housing for manual control of the valves for air and fuel supply, and a repectacle for a starting battery and a starting switch located within the pendant housing portion with a control at the exterior of the pendant portion for starting connection with the ignition means for the cylinder.

2. A tool as claimed in claim 1, and in which the heat engine is a solely air cooled two-cycle internal combustion engine with a single ignition plug devoid of other ignition means than the starting switch and battery, and in which valves for the control of air and fuel are simple needle valves manually adjustable by the control extensions at the exterior of the casing structure.

3. A tool as claimed in claim 1, and which includes a fan rotatable with the crank shaft in the main housing portion at the exterior of the engine in position to flow air over the engine, and an air flow flutter switch operable into closing position by the air from the fan for closing and opening a circuit from the starting switch to the ignition means for the engine.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,479,750 Lewandowski Aug. 23, 1949