US300054A - William h - Google Patents

Description

Nrrn 'a'rns A'IENT rricn.

BRICK-KILN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 300,054, dated June 10, 1884.

Application filed August 17, 1883. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, IVILLIAM H. DE VALIN, a citizen'of the United States, residing at San Rafael, Marin county, State of California, have made and invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Brick-Kilns; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to improvements in brick-kilns for continuous burning. As 110w constructed ,these kilns are composed of a number of separate compartments or chambers, from each one of which the bricks can be drawn independently of the others as soon as its charge is properly burned.

My improvements, as hereinafter more particularly described, consist in a means of handling and conducting the heat, vapors, and other products of combustion from one chamber into any one or several of the other chambers, as required, whereby in cooling off I am enabled to draw off the steam and heated gases from one chamber into any'other chamber, to utilize, instead of allowing these products to pass off and run to waste through the chimney. By means of these improved constructions and arrangement of fines, furnaces, and dampers, any one of the chambers can be cut out from the others of the series and its contents cooled and drawn off without interfering with the operation of the others. The steam and vapors from one chamber can be conducted'also into any other one of the series at will.

The following description fully explains the manner in which I proceed to construct, apply, use, and operate my invention, the ac; companying drawings being referred to, by letters and figuresthat is to say:

Figure l is aperspective View of a kiln constructed according to my invention, a portion of the side wall and floor being broken away to expose the interior. Fig; 2 is a transverse vertical section through the center of two opposing chambers and the common flue. Fig. 3 is a vertical section taken longitudinally through one of the fire-places or furnaces in the chamber. Figs. 4, 5, 6 are details of the dampers for controlling the different fines and passages.

each chamber with the adjoining one.

In my improved construction of kiln each chamber has its own furnace. These are shown at B B B B B B &c., Fig. 1, and the chamhers with which they are connected are seen at AA A A, &c. Two sets of chambers are arranged on both sides of a common fiue, G, and each chamber is connected with it through an outlet, controlled by a valve, h. The furnaces B B, &c., are built on top of the kiln and communicatewith the interior of the chamber through passage I, leading downward back of the bridge-wall j. The course of the heat and products from the fire is down through the inlet I into the burning-chambers A, A, &c., and out through the discharge opening 9 into the fine. The valves or damp ers h-are operated on the top of the kiln by means of rods H, as shown. In the bottom of each chamber there is formed an open flue,

K. These are connected together by branchi passages L L, that lead from open pits m, located outside the side walls, and form the communication of the fines with these pits. Every two chambers A A, 850., are thus connected by the line of open flues K, passages L, and pits m. The end chamber A of one row of series is connected with the chamber A, or the first of the series on the other side, through the flue N, the passage P, and the pit m. The tops of these pits are open, and when in operation they are closed by covers andluted with clay. They are also fitted with cut-off plates or dampers R,-Fig. 6, which are provided to slide into the pit and cut off communication between the passageL L, leading from one chamber, and the corresponding passage leading from the other side of the pit to the next chamber. \Vhen all are placed in position, they shut of connection of They are constructed of a metal plate, R, having projections r to receive and hold a coating of clay to protect it from heat, and a handle, r, for placing and drawing it out of the pits. By drawing out one of these platesand clos' ing the pit with a cover, one chamber can be put into communication with the adjoining one. In a similar manner I provide connecting-flues at the top of the chambers through out the entire number; but in this construcposition over the apertures S t.

tion I arrange for leading off the heat and ya por from any one or more'chambers, and delivering these products into any particular chamber whether near to or distant from such discharging-chamber. This consists of a main fine, S, carried along in the top of the kiln one to each serieswith short independent fines T at each chamber leading out through the top or roof and opening into the chamber. The arrangement of these fines is plainly shown in Fig. 1, where the tops of several chambers are seen in section. The outlets t of these fines are closed by plates properly luted or sealed, excepting where it is required to bring one chamber in connection with the dischargeflue S. For this purpose a cover or damper, V, of novel form is provided, the construction and application of which are seen in Figs. 2, 4, andb. It is made of suitable size to fit into thechannel or depression m in the roof and around the outlet t t, and it is provided with a central partition, o, and cutoff plates or partitions w w on one side, and a single plate, 00, on the opposite side. It is used in one position or the other, according to the service required of it. Then this cover V is placed over this outlet, with the double partitions w w turned down, the outlets will be closed and cut off one from the other, and nothing can pass through the fines; but by reversing the cover V the other side will bring either of the outletst into connection with the mouth of the fine S, according to the way in which the cover is set, whether with the partition to the right or to the left. In this last position the partition rests on the dividing-ledge between'the apertures S t, and the inclosed space in the cover forms the connectingpassage between the two fines S t. There are two of the fines t in each chamber, one leading from the interior space, A, and the other from the damper-pit m to the outlet, back to the furnace, and thus by means of these two fines the heat and gases from the chamber can be con-' ducted into another chamber, or they can be directed into the furnace to increase the combustion. The interior of one chamber can be connected with any one of the other chambers by simply fixing these covers V in the required In like manner the vapors of several chambers can be directed into the central fine, S, and so carried along to any other chamber of the series. This arrangement of the fines at one side of the kiln is the counterpart of those at the other side.

In constructing such a kiln I make the chambers A A of separate arched compartments, with the arches running transversely, as in Figs. 1 and 2; or I form a continuous arched roof,and then divide the space into chambers by walls, transverse walls, or partitions. The general arrangement of the chimney-fine G and the other fines and conduits is the same in both constructions. The furnaces, however, are placed along the roof, with their fronts toward the center in the last-mentioned conremoved it is charged again.

baked, the doors a a are closed and sealed. 75

The damper-plates R are placed in the pits m and sealed. Fire is then started-say at the first furnace Aand the chamber being connected with the chimney-fine G, by raising the damper h. the steam is carried off from the drying material into the chimney. WVhen the material in the first chamber is sufficiently dried, the damper h is closed and the damper of the next chamber is opened at the same time; also the plate R, separating the flnes between the two chambers, is raised and the pit sealed by the covering-plate. The draft of the first chamber is then taken through the second one, so that while the material in the first chamber is being raised to the required temperature its heat is utilized to dry the material in the'second chamber. As soon as the operation of burning is finished in two or more chambers, their fines tare connected with the main fine S by means of the covers, and the other chamber containing nnburnt material; or the vapors and gases are directed into the furnace through the fine t to assist the combustion in the furnace. The finished chambers thus cooling off into the unfinished ones assist in drying the material therein. This operation is repeated as each chamber is finished, and when a number are obtained the first one is opened, and after its contents are In this manner the operation is made continuous, and the heat from the furnace is economically and effectively utilized and distributed.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a burning-kiln, the chambers A A, &c., each pair being connected with a separate furnace, a common chimney-fine, G, outlets g, for the chambers, and valves or dampers h,and connections beneath the chamber with means for controlling them, as set forth.

2. In a burning-kiln, the combination,with a series of burning-chambers, of a principal outlet fine or conduit, S,fiues t t at each chamber, and a removable cap or cover, as V, provided with division-plates for separating or connecting said. fines and conduit, as desired, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination ,with the burning-chambers A A, of the fines K, damper-pits m,connecting-passages L L, and removable dampers R, provided with means for holding a coating of clay on each side, substantially as set forth.

4. In a kiln for burning brick and other ma- 95 fiue S is then connected with the flue t of an-,

teriai, a burning-chamber, as-A, having flue g, I 6. The combination of the flues for connectleading to the chimney, and a furnace, as B, 011 ing the chambers at the bottoms of the dampt0p,and communicatingwith theinterior of the er 0r stopper R, provided with the curved V chamber through a flue, as I, substantially as wings r a" on the sides, to hold a coating of 5 set forth. clay, as set forth.

5. The combination with the conduit S and fines t t of cover V, prdvided with center plate, WILLIAM DE VALIN' o, and a division-plate, w, on one side and \Vitnesses: two division-plates, w w, on the other, sub- J. L. TAGGARD, 1o stantially as set forth. E. E. OsBoRN.

Images