US2995633A - Means for aiding hearing - Google Patents
Means for aiding hearing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2995633A US2995633A US763406A US76340658A US2995633A US 2995633 A US2995633 A US 2995633A US 763406 A US763406 A US 763406A US 76340658 A US76340658 A US 76340658A US 2995633 A US2995633 A US 2995633A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- hearing
- signals
- tooth
- nerve
- facial
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- Expired - Lifetime
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F11/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the ears or hearing sense; Non-electric hearing aids; Methods or devices for enabling ear patients to achieve auditory perception through physiological senses other than hearing sense; Protective devices for the ears, carried on the body or in the hand
- A61F11/04—Methods or devices for enabling ear patients to achieve auditory perception through physiological senses other than hearing sense, e.g. through the touch sense
Definitions
- the present invention is directed to means for auxiliary hearing communication, useful for improving hearing, for example, and relates more specifically to novel Patented Aug. 8, 1961 lCC . 2 endings of the facial system, to the end'that signals capable of producing soundsensations are transmitted through the facial system to the auditory centers of the brain.
- the device of and improved arrangements for auxiliary hearing communications by efi'ecting the transmission of sound sig-' nals through the dental structure'and facial nervous system of the user.
- hearing aids In cases where hearing ability is subnorrnal, for example, it is frequently possible and desirable to employ a so-called hearing aid to assist in carrying out the functions of the hearing system. All such hearing aids, insofar as we are aware, function as-ampliiicrs of sound waves travelling through the air and/or through the bone structure. And, while these devices may operate satisfactorily where the hearing deficiencies are substantially of a mechanical nature, there are certain hearing defects which are not correctible by mere amplification. For example, in cases of impairment or destruction of the organ of Corti, the system may be unable to translate the mechanical vibrations of sound into the proper electrical signals for transmissions to the auditory centers. In such cases mere amplification of the sound waves cannot-give rise to sensations of sound in the brain.
- the normal facility for hearing in the human body is the above described system, which may be re-- ferred to as the ear system
- a second, dormant system referred to herein as the facial system
- the facial systcrn' although coupled to the organ of Corti, is substantially parallel to the normal ear system, at least to the extent of having a branch bypassing the organ of Corti and apparently extending up to the point where signals are transmitted through the labyrinthine and auditory nuclei-to the auditory centers.
- the present invention in its broadest aspects, provides a novel and wholly practical arrangement for artificially exciting or energizing'thefacial hearing system-in-the human body, to the end that'substantially normal sensations of hearing may be realized by persons utilizing the invention, even though such persons may have substantial defacts in their normal hearing systems.
- the invention comprises means, in the form of a dental prosthetic device, for imparting or transmitting to viable nerves of a tooth electrical signals which, when transmitted to the brain, will give rise to sound sensations.
- the device or means of the invention comprises an element applied to a viable tooth, for rcceiving electromagnetic signals at radio frequency, and a transducer element coupled with the receiving element and with live nerve endings of the tooth for converting radio frequency for transmission to the receiving element of the prosthetic device.
- the prosthetic device receiving the electromagnetic signals, translates or converts such signals to appropriate audio frequency electrical signals which are transmitted through the facial nervous system to the brain.
- the signals thus transmitted are of such a character as to provide the sensationof the sounds transmitted audibly to the microphone, so that the user of the device is able to hear as though through the regular ear system.
- an auxiliary dental prosthetic device may be provided, which takes the form of a crystal diode receiver tuned sharply to the frequency of the transmitting set.
- Such an ampli fying device may be housed in an enclosure having the form of a false tooth or a plurality of false teeth advantageously positioned immediately adjacent the-viable tooth containing the transducer element.
- an element positioned in electrical contact with nerve endings of a tooth has piezoelectric properties and functions not only to impart the desirable electrical signals but to agitate the enrveendings and render them highly responsive to the electrical signals.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged representation of a viable tooth I incorporating, as an insert, means for receiving radio frequency signals and for converting such signals to audio frequency electrical signals capable of producing sensations of sound 'in the brain;
- FIG. 3 is-an enlarged representation of a combination dental prosthetic device, including crystal diodeamplifier means and means for converting amplified radio frequency signals to audio frequency electrical signals; and
- FIG. 4 is a simplified, diagrammatic representation of a complete hearing aid system incorporating means of FIGS. 2 and 3.
- the normal or car system for hearing in the human body is represented by the left hand column.
- FIG. 1 is a simplified, diagrammatic representation of 1 hearing systems found in the human vegetative nerves. primarily through the tympanic plexus and the cephalicas the initial receptor means. Through the mechanism of the ear, such vibrations are transmitted-to the organ of Corti, which'acts as, a transducer to convert the mechanical vibrations into electrical signals of appropriate .amplitude and frequency, which are transmitted to the VIII nerve. These signals are directed through the labyrinthine and auditory nuclei to the auditory centers ofthe brain'to produce the usual sensation of. hearing.
- free nerve endings such as those of the teeth, sinuses and/or temporomandibular area, act as the receptor organs, where excited initially by appropriate piezoelectn'cal signals, as distinguished from mechanical vibrations.
- V trigeminal nerve
- VH facial nerve
- These signals are further transmitted vegetative ganglia to the labyrinthine and auditory nuclei and thence to the auditory centers of the brain, although,' 'to a more limited extent, they also are transmitted to the organ of Corti.
- the signals directed to the auditory centers of the brain may be appropriate to provide sensations of sound as if provided through the ear system.
- the desired -piezoelectrical signals are imparted to the facial nerve system by a dental prosthetic device, in the nature of a filling or insert, adapted, in response to the reception of sound-generated electromagnetic signals, to produce or generate electrical signals which, when transmitted to the brain, produce sensations according to the sound initiati'ng theentre chain of signals.
- a live or viable-tooth is advantageously provided with a recess 11 -in the crown thereof which is of sufiicient depth to expose the fine nerves 12 of the dental tissue.
- auxiliary dental prosthetic device such as indicated at 17 in FIG. 3.
- the illustrated auxiliary device is in the form of a false tooth signal or multiple which has a hollow cavity 18 in which is housed an elementary form of crystal diode amplifier, as indicated at 19.
- the ampli- I bomb 1 9, which is intended to be illustrative only, is sharply on top of the exposed nerve ends is applied a layer 13 of material suitable for forming a piezoelectric transducer element, crystal rectifier material such as silicon, germanium or Carborundum being suitable and advantageous forwthis purpose.
- the recess 11 is then capped by a layer 14 of conductive material, advantageously gold or silver, substantially in the form of a conventional metal filling.
- Electromagnetic signals transmitted to the cap or filling 14in the tooth 10 are conducted to and converted by the transducer layer or elementlS in the manner desired, so that audio frequency piezoelectricsignals are imparted directly to the fine nerve endings 12 of the live tooth. These signals. are then transmitted to the auditory centers in the manner described to produce sound sensations.
- the user of the device carries on his person a transmitting device, such as shown generally in FIG. 4.
- The, device may include a suitable microphone 15,'placed conveniently to receive sounds which would otherwise be picked up by the ears, and a suitable amplifier and transmitter unit 16 capable of transmitting radio frequency electromagnetic signals through a short" distance at a fixed frequency. Sounds directed at the user are thus picked up by the microphone and transmitted by theunit 16 to the modified-tooth 10.
- the metal filling or-cap acting as an antenna, picks up the signals and transmits them to the transducer layer 13 in the manner described, whereby the user receives the sensation ofv the audible sound picked up by the microphone.
- the modified, viable tooth may be provided for amplifying the radio frequency signals emitted by the transtuned to the frequency of the transmitter and is adapted to receive and amplify only such signals as are received on the transmitter frequency.
- Theradio frequency signal may be picked up by an antenna 20, amplified, and directed by a conductor 21 (negative polarity with respect to body tissue) to a metal cap 22 of a viable tooth 10'.
- the tooth 10' may be substantially the same as the modified tooth 10 shown in FIG. 2, except that the tooth 10'is illustrated as having a cap 22, formed of gold, silver or other suitable conductive material, which covers the entire crown of the tooth, whereas the cap 14 of the tooth 10, is merely an insert.
- the complete cap is advantageous in that it facilitates making connections with the conductor 21 projecting laterally from the adjacent false double-tooth.
- the device of FIG. 3 may be substantially identical in its operation to the device of FIG. 2, except that the radio frequency signal received by the conductive cap 22 is 10 has a layer 23 of materialforming a transducer element which contacts the finenerve ends 24 of the tooth in the manner desired.
- the cap 22 is advantageously applied in such a manner as toavoid any substantial contact with these nerve endings.
- the transducer element is formed of a material, such as Rochelle salt crystal, having substantial piezoelectric characteristics.
- the nerve endings are agitated,'presumably simultaneously and in accordance with the frequency and amplitude of the signals, and this appears to render the nerves more sensitive or receptive to the applied voltage.
- This advantageous form of the invention is best embodied as shown in FIG. 3, since rectification of the electromagnetically induced signals may be accomplished in the auxiliary receiver, and the element 23 need not exhibit the rectification characteristics otherwise required.
- the improved method and hearing device represent a substantial improvement in respect of providing assistance for the hard of hearing, principally in thatthe stimuli directed to the auditory centers of the brain largely bypass the normal ear system. Accordingly, hearing may be restored to persons who may otherwise be totally deaf by reason of impaired or destroyed elements of the hearing system at any point up to and including the organ of Corti. Thus, in many cases where conventional hearing aids would be totally ineffective the method and means of the invention may be employed to restore hearing.
- the invention may also be utilized to substantial advantage where the organ of Corti of the user is at least It should be understood,
- mechanical interrelation between the tympanic plexus and the organ of Corti. may be .utilized to advantage where the transducer layer orelement has piezoelectric characteristics and is mounted in contact with the hard structure of the tooth. in such cases, sonic vibrations may be imparted to the tooth, and directed by bone conduction to the organ of Corti, there to be converted in the usual manner to electrical signals.
- the improvement in hearing thus provided is residual or secondary in nature, however, in relation to the benefits derived through direct electrical excitation of the facial nervous system.
- the meansof the invention may be substantially more than a hear-
- ing aid in the usual sense and may be utilized to restore the hearing of otherwise totally deaf persons.
- nerves of thefacial system it is intended to refer to the facial network comprising the trigeminal or- V; nerve, the facial or VII nerve, the glosso pharyngenal orj 1X nerve and the autonomic nerves together with their sympathetic and parasympathetic branches.
- This system is illustrated on the right in FIG. 1 and referred'to in pub lished literature, such as The Growth Concept of Nerv- 'ous Integration by Daniel E. Schneider, Monograph No.
- the Nervous'and Mental DiseasesMonographs New York, 1949 (see p. 78).
- the nerves of this system are confined to facial areas according to 'such' recognized ,trically conductive member 6 v mounted in electrical communication with viable nerves of the facial system of a user, means for converting audible signals to corresponding modulated electrical signals, and means including said electrically conductive member for imparting said modulated electrical signals to said viable nerves.
- said electrically conductive member is formed of material having piezoelectric characteristics, and means are provided for mounting said electrically conductive member physically adjacent said viable nerves, whereby said nerves are physically stimulated upon electrical energization of said elect'rically conductive member to improve the receptivity of said nerves to said modulated electrical signals.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Psychology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
- Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US763406A US2995633A (en) | 1958-09-25 | 1958-09-25 | Means for aiding hearing |
BE583043A BE583043A (fr) | 1958-09-25 | 1959-09-25 | Procédé et moyen pour amplifier ou pour rétablir l'ouïe |
CH7865759A CH384041A (fr) | 1958-09-25 | 1959-09-25 | Dispositif pour assurer l'audition, avec ou sans intervention de l'oreille |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US763406A US2995633A (en) | 1958-09-25 | 1958-09-25 | Means for aiding hearing |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2995633A true US2995633A (en) | 1961-08-08 |
Family
ID=25067762
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US763406A Expired - Lifetime US2995633A (en) | 1958-09-25 | 1958-09-25 | Means for aiding hearing |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2995633A (fr) |
BE (1) | BE583043A (fr) |
CH (1) | CH384041A (fr) |
Cited By (37)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3204637A (en) * | 1963-02-07 | 1965-09-07 | Erich J Frank | Stimulating apparatus |
DE1202834B (de) * | 1963-12-12 | 1965-10-14 | Henry Karl Puharich | Hoergeraet |
US3267931A (en) * | 1963-01-09 | 1966-08-23 | Henry K Puharich | Electrically stimulated hearing with signal feedback |
US3346704A (en) * | 1963-12-27 | 1967-10-10 | Jack L Mahoney | Means for aiding hearing |
US3393279A (en) * | 1962-03-13 | 1968-07-16 | Listening Inc | Nervous system excitation device |
US3594514A (en) * | 1970-01-02 | 1971-07-20 | Medtronic Inc | Hearing aid with piezoelectric ceramic element |
US3752939A (en) * | 1972-02-04 | 1973-08-14 | Beckman Instruments Inc | Prosthetic device for the deaf |
WO1983000999A1 (fr) * | 1981-09-18 | 1983-03-31 | Hochmair, Ingeborg, J. | Systeme de stimulation auditive a un seul canal |
EP0184332A2 (fr) * | 1984-11-07 | 1986-06-11 | Audiosonics Neural Communications Systems, Inc. | Méthode et dispositif pour communiquer aux sourds des informations représentées par des ondes acoustiques |
US4918745A (en) * | 1987-10-09 | 1990-04-17 | Storz Instrument Company | Multi-channel cochlear implant system |
US5033999A (en) * | 1989-10-25 | 1991-07-23 | Mersky Barry L | Method and apparatus for endodontically augmenting hearing |
US5037301A (en) * | 1989-11-17 | 1991-08-06 | Dentistry Researchers & Designers Inc. | Method enabling dental identification of humans and animals |
US5460593A (en) * | 1993-08-25 | 1995-10-24 | Audiodontics, Inc. | Method and apparatus for imparting low amplitude vibrations to bone and similar hard tissue |
US6169813B1 (en) * | 1994-03-16 | 2001-01-02 | Hearing Innovations Incorporated | Frequency transpositional hearing aid with single sideband modulation |
US6231604B1 (en) * | 1998-02-26 | 2001-05-15 | Med-El Elektromedizinische Gerate Ges.M.B.H | Apparatus and method for combined acoustic mechanical and electrical auditory stimulation |
US6277148B1 (en) | 1999-02-11 | 2001-08-21 | Soundtec, Inc. | Middle ear magnet implant, attachment device and method, and test instrument and method |
US6436028B1 (en) | 1999-12-28 | 2002-08-20 | Soundtec, Inc. | Direct drive movement of body constituent |
US20090097684A1 (en) * | 2006-05-30 | 2009-04-16 | Sonitus Medical, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for transmitting vibrations |
US20090220921A1 (en) * | 2008-03-03 | 2009-09-03 | Sonitus Medical, Inc. | Systems and methods to provide communication and monitoring of user status |
US7682303B2 (en) | 2007-10-02 | 2010-03-23 | Sonitus Medical, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for transmitting vibrations |
US7777623B2 (en) | 2001-10-11 | 2010-08-17 | Enocean Gmbh | Wireless sensor system |
US20100290647A1 (en) * | 2007-08-27 | 2010-11-18 | Sonitus Medical, Inc. | Headset systems and methods |
US7945068B2 (en) | 2008-03-04 | 2011-05-17 | Sonitus Medical, Inc. | Dental bone conduction hearing appliance |
US7974845B2 (en) | 2008-02-15 | 2011-07-05 | Sonitus Medical, Inc. | Stuttering treatment methods and apparatus |
US8150075B2 (en) | 2008-03-04 | 2012-04-03 | Sonitus Medical, Inc. | Dental bone conduction hearing appliance |
US8270638B2 (en) | 2007-05-29 | 2012-09-18 | Sonitus Medical, Inc. | Systems and methods to provide communication, positioning and monitoring of user status |
US8270637B2 (en) | 2008-02-15 | 2012-09-18 | Sonitus Medical, Inc. | Headset systems and methods |
US8291912B2 (en) | 2006-08-22 | 2012-10-23 | Sonitus Medical, Inc. | Systems for manufacturing oral-based hearing aid appliances |
US20130006479A1 (en) * | 2009-07-30 | 2013-01-03 | Anderson Gerald G | Microchip System and Method for Operating a Locking Mechanism and for Cashless Transactions |
US8376967B2 (en) | 2010-04-13 | 2013-02-19 | Audiodontics, Llc | System and method for measuring and recording skull vibration in situ |
US8433080B2 (en) | 2007-08-22 | 2013-04-30 | Sonitus Medical, Inc. | Bone conduction hearing device with open-ear microphone |
US8622885B2 (en) | 2010-02-19 | 2014-01-07 | Audiodontics, Llc | Methods and apparatus for aligning antennas of low-powered intra- and extra-oral electronic wireless devices |
US8795172B2 (en) | 2007-12-07 | 2014-08-05 | Sonitus Medical, Inc. | Systems and methods to provide two-way communications |
US8908891B2 (en) | 2011-03-09 | 2014-12-09 | Audiodontics, Llc | Hearing aid apparatus and method |
US9614553B2 (en) | 2000-05-24 | 2017-04-04 | Enocean Gmbh | Energy self-sufficient radiofrequency transmitter |
USRE46499E1 (en) | 2001-07-03 | 2017-08-01 | Face International Corporation | Self-powered switch initiation system |
US10484805B2 (en) | 2009-10-02 | 2019-11-19 | Soundmed, Llc | Intraoral appliance for sound transmission via bone conduction |
Citations (6)
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US2045404A (en) * | 1933-05-24 | 1936-06-23 | Sonotone Corp | Piezoelectric vibrator device |
US2045427A (en) * | 1933-05-24 | 1936-06-23 | Sonotone Corp | Bone-conduction hearing-aid |
US2161169A (en) * | 1938-01-24 | 1939-06-06 | Erwin H Wilson | Dentiphone |
US2319627A (en) * | 1940-12-04 | 1943-05-18 | Hubert J La Joie | System and apparatus for sound reception |
FR1113759A (fr) * | 1953-04-27 | 1956-04-04 | Dispositif pour personne entendant difficilement | |
US2800104A (en) * | 1955-02-09 | 1957-07-23 | Cameron | Radio controlled electric cutaneous signal type animal obedience device |
-
1958
- 1958-09-25 US US763406A patent/US2995633A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1959
- 1959-09-25 CH CH7865759A patent/CH384041A/fr unknown
- 1959-09-25 BE BE583043A patent/BE583043A/fr unknown
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US2045404A (en) * | 1933-05-24 | 1936-06-23 | Sonotone Corp | Piezoelectric vibrator device |
US2045427A (en) * | 1933-05-24 | 1936-06-23 | Sonotone Corp | Bone-conduction hearing-aid |
US2161169A (en) * | 1938-01-24 | 1939-06-06 | Erwin H Wilson | Dentiphone |
US2319627A (en) * | 1940-12-04 | 1943-05-18 | Hubert J La Joie | System and apparatus for sound reception |
FR1113759A (fr) * | 1953-04-27 | 1956-04-04 | Dispositif pour personne entendant difficilement | |
US2800104A (en) * | 1955-02-09 | 1957-07-23 | Cameron | Radio controlled electric cutaneous signal type animal obedience device |
Cited By (80)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3393279A (en) * | 1962-03-13 | 1968-07-16 | Listening Inc | Nervous system excitation device |
US3267931A (en) * | 1963-01-09 | 1966-08-23 | Henry K Puharich | Electrically stimulated hearing with signal feedback |
US3204637A (en) * | 1963-02-07 | 1965-09-07 | Erich J Frank | Stimulating apparatus |
DE1202834B (de) * | 1963-12-12 | 1965-10-14 | Henry Karl Puharich | Hoergeraet |
US3346704A (en) * | 1963-12-27 | 1967-10-10 | Jack L Mahoney | Means for aiding hearing |
US3594514A (en) * | 1970-01-02 | 1971-07-20 | Medtronic Inc | Hearing aid with piezoelectric ceramic element |
US3752939A (en) * | 1972-02-04 | 1973-08-14 | Beckman Instruments Inc | Prosthetic device for the deaf |
WO1983000999A1 (fr) * | 1981-09-18 | 1983-03-31 | Hochmair, Ingeborg, J. | Systeme de stimulation auditive a un seul canal |
EP0076069A1 (fr) * | 1981-09-18 | 1983-04-06 | Ingeborg J. Hochmair | Système à canal unique pour la stimulation de l'ouie |
US4419995A (en) * | 1981-09-18 | 1983-12-13 | Hochmair Ingeborg | Single channel auditory stimulation system |
EP0184332A2 (fr) * | 1984-11-07 | 1986-06-11 | Audiosonics Neural Communications Systems, Inc. | Méthode et dispositif pour communiquer aux sourds des informations représentées par des ondes acoustiques |
EP0184332A3 (fr) * | 1984-11-07 | 1988-07-06 | Audiosonics Neural Communications Systems, Inc. | Méthode et dispositif pour communiquer aux sourds des informations représentées par des ondes acoustiques |
US4918745A (en) * | 1987-10-09 | 1990-04-17 | Storz Instrument Company | Multi-channel cochlear implant system |
US5033999A (en) * | 1989-10-25 | 1991-07-23 | Mersky Barry L | Method and apparatus for endodontically augmenting hearing |
US5037301A (en) * | 1989-11-17 | 1991-08-06 | Dentistry Researchers & Designers Inc. | Method enabling dental identification of humans and animals |
US5460593A (en) * | 1993-08-25 | 1995-10-24 | Audiodontics, Inc. | Method and apparatus for imparting low amplitude vibrations to bone and similar hard tissue |
US6169813B1 (en) * | 1994-03-16 | 2001-01-02 | Hearing Innovations Incorporated | Frequency transpositional hearing aid with single sideband modulation |
US6231604B1 (en) * | 1998-02-26 | 2001-05-15 | Med-El Elektromedizinische Gerate Ges.M.B.H | Apparatus and method for combined acoustic mechanical and electrical auditory stimulation |
US6277148B1 (en) | 1999-02-11 | 2001-08-21 | Soundtec, Inc. | Middle ear magnet implant, attachment device and method, and test instrument and method |
US6436028B1 (en) | 1999-12-28 | 2002-08-20 | Soundtec, Inc. | Direct drive movement of body constituent |
US9614553B2 (en) | 2000-05-24 | 2017-04-04 | Enocean Gmbh | Energy self-sufficient radiofrequency transmitter |
US9887711B2 (en) | 2000-05-24 | 2018-02-06 | Enocean Gmbh | Energy self-sufficient radiofrequency transmitter |
USRE46499E1 (en) | 2001-07-03 | 2017-08-01 | Face International Corporation | Self-powered switch initiation system |
US7777623B2 (en) | 2001-10-11 | 2010-08-17 | Enocean Gmbh | Wireless sensor system |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CH384041A (fr) | 1964-11-15 |
BE583043A (fr) | 1960-01-18 |
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