US2969636A - Chronometer - Google Patents

Chronometer Download PDF

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Publication number
US2969636A
US2969636A US756618A US75661858A US2969636A US 2969636 A US2969636 A US 2969636A US 756618 A US756618 A US 756618A US 75661858 A US75661858 A US 75661858A US 2969636 A US2969636 A US 2969636A
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United States
Prior art keywords
wheel
gear
chronometer
pinion
assemblies
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Expired - Lifetime
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US756618A
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Oscar E Batori
Nardin Raymond
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BATORI COMP Co Inc
BATORI COMPUTER COMPANY Inc
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BATORI COMP Co Inc
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/22—Arrangements for indicating different local apparent times; Universal time pieces
    • G04B19/23—Arrangements for indicating different local apparent times; Universal time pieces by means of additional hands or additional pairs of hands
    • G04B19/235—Arrangements for indicating different local apparent times; Universal time pieces by means of additional hands or additional pairs of hands mechanisms for correcting the additional hand or hands

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a chronometer which indicates on a single dial at the same time the local time and hour-angle corresponding to the sidereal time and which contains in a single case two spring barrels for two wheel works, a single escape wheel regulating operation of the latter, also indicating members for local time and hour-angle corresponding to the sidereal time which are driven by one of the two wheel works, and finally a kinematic connection between the wheel works which establishes the necessary motional relation between the two indicating members.
  • the chronometer is characterized in that the above mentioned kinematic connection consists of a differential gear.
  • This differential gear which characterizes the present invention has the advantage of establishing a motional relationbetween the indicating members with a higher accuracy and lower space requirement than it is possible with ordinary gears.
  • An embodiment of the invention is shown in the attached drawing, where:
  • Fig. l is a top view of the dial and of the indicating members.
  • Figs. 2 and 3 are schematic representations of the wheelwork and of the differential gear respectively.
  • the present chronometer indicates at the same time standard and hour-angle corresponding to the sidereal time.
  • the standard time is indicated by the hands 10, 11 and 12, which indicate respectively the 24 hours, 60 minutes and 60 seconds, while the hands 13, 14 and 15 indi- Cate the corresponding hour-angle corresponding to the sidereal time in arc degrees, minutes and seconds.
  • the chronometer contains two wheelworks, which are driven by two separate spring barrels 16 and 17.
  • the first wheelwork consists of a center wheel 18, a third wheel 19 and a fourth gear 20.
  • the hour hand 10 is rigidly connected with the hour wheel 21, which is driven by the cannon pinion 22 through the motion work 23; the minute hand 11 is carried by the cannon pinion 22.
  • the seconds hand 12 is rigidly connected with the fourth gear 20.
  • the second wheelwork consists of a center wheel 24 and a third wheel 2S. This wheelwork is connected kinematically with the first wheelwork by a differential gear 26 and a pinion 27 which is secured on the fourth wheel arbor 20a of the first wheelwork.
  • the motion of the two wheelworks is regulated by a single escapement 28, which is in engagement with the balance wheel 29.
  • the differential gear 26 establishes a kinematic connection of an extremely constant nature between the motion of the indicating members for the standard and sidereal time respectively.
  • This connection which is represented in detail in Fig. 3, has two coaxial sunwheels 30 and 31, each of which consists of two toothed wheels, also a satellite gear 32 which is held by a plate 33 in mesh with a pinion 34.
  • the sunwheel 30 is connected through its wheel 30a with the wheel of the gear 25 and through its wheel 30b with the pinion 32a of the planet pinion 32.
  • the gear 31 is connected through its wheel 31a with the pinion 34, and through its wheel 31b with the wheel 32b of the satellite gear 32.
  • the plate 33 is in engagement both with the pinion 27 and with the pinion 34.
  • the wheel 31a and the plate 33 have the same diameter but their number of teeth differs by one.
  • the chronometer is also equipped with a hand setting device which is independent of the hands 12, 13, 14 and 1S and which is not represented in detail. Also provided is a mechanism for locking the balance wheel by means of an outside pushbutton (not represented) as well as a winding device for the two spring barrels 16 and 17 by means of a single winding shaft, with the interposition 0f the wheels 35, 36 and 37.
  • a chronometer for the simultaneous indication of local time and hour-angle corresponding to the sidereal time comprising a local time assembly and a sidereal time assembly each comprising an individual spring operatively connected to appropriate indicators, escapement means operatively connected to said assemblies, and a differential gear means operatively connected between said assemblies and constructed to impose a predetermined motional relation upon said assemblies respectively corresponding to the difference between local and sidereal time measurements, said differential gear means comprising a pair of planet gears each comprising rst and second gear wheels, the first gear wheel of one of said planet gears being connected to one of said assemblies, a satellite carried by a plate and independently rotatable about its own axis, the second of said gear wheels of both of said planet gears being connected to said satellite gear, said plate being connected to one of said assemblies and to a pinion, said pinion being connected to the rst gear wheel of the other of said planet gears.
  • a chronometer for the simultaneous indication of local time and hour-angle corresponding to the sidereal time comprising a local time assembly and a sidereal time assembly each comprising an individual spring operatively connected to appropriate indicators, a single escapement operatively connected to both said assemblies, and a differential gear means operatively connected between said assemblies and constructed to impose a predetermined motional relation upon said assemblies respectively corresponding to the difference between local and sidereal time measurements, said differential gear means comprising a pair of planet gears each comprising first and second gear wheels, the first gear wheel of one of said planet gears being connected to one of said assemblies, a satellite carried by a plate and independently rotatable about its own axis, the second of said gear wheels of both of said planet gears being connected to said satellite gear, said plate being connected to one of said assemblies and to a pinion, said pinion being connected to the first gear wheel of the other of said planet gears.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Unknown Time Intervals (AREA)

Description

Jan. 31, 1961 o. E. BATORI ETAL 2,969,636
CHRONOMETER Filed Aug. 22, 1958 United States Patent O CHRONOMETER Oscar E. Batori, New York, N.Y., and Raymond Nardin, Le Locle, Switzerland, assignors to Batori Computer Company, Inc., New York, N.Y., a corporation of New York, and Ulysse Nardin, S.A., Le Locle, Switzerland, a corporation of Switzerland, jointly Filed Aug. 22, 1958, Ser. No. 756,618
Claims priority, application Switzerland Sept. 23, 19:57
2 Claims. (Cl. 583) The present invention concerns a chronometer which indicates on a single dial at the same time the local time and hour-angle corresponding to the sidereal time and which contains in a single case two spring barrels for two wheel works, a single escape wheel regulating operation of the latter, also indicating members for local time and hour-angle corresponding to the sidereal time which are driven by one of the two wheel works, and finally a kinematic connection between the wheel works which establishes the necessary motional relation between the two indicating members.
The chronometer is characterized in that the above mentioned kinematic connection consists of a differential gear. This differential gear which characterizes the present invention has the advantage of establishing a motional relationbetween the indicating members with a higher accuracy and lower space requirement than it is possible with ordinary gears. An embodiment of the invention is shown in the attached drawing, where:
Fig. l is a top view of the dial and of the indicating members; and
Figs. 2 and 3 are schematic representations of the wheelwork and of the differential gear respectively.
rThe present chronometer indicates at the same time standard and hour-angle corresponding to the sidereal time. The standard time is indicated by the hands 10, 11 and 12, which indicate respectively the 24 hours, 60 minutes and 60 seconds, while the hands 13, 14 and 15 indi- Cate the corresponding hour-angle corresponding to the sidereal time in arc degrees, minutes and seconds.
The chronometer contains two wheelworks, which are driven by two separate spring barrels 16 and 17. The first wheelwork consists of a center wheel 18, a third wheel 19 and a fourth gear 20. The hour hand 10 is rigidly connected with the hour wheel 21, which is driven by the cannon pinion 22 through the motion work 23; the minute hand 11 is carried by the cannon pinion 22. The seconds hand 12 is rigidly connected with the fourth gear 20.
The second wheelwork consists of a center wheel 24 and a third wheel 2S. This wheelwork is connected kinematically with the first wheelwork by a differential gear 26 and a pinion 27 which is secured on the fourth wheel arbor 20a of the first wheelwork.
The motion of the two wheelworks is regulated by a single escapement 28, which is in engagement with the balance wheel 29. The differential gear 26 establishes a kinematic connection of an extremely constant nature between the motion of the indicating members for the standard and sidereal time respectively. This connection, which is represented in detail in Fig. 3, has two coaxial sunwheels 30 and 31, each of which consists of two toothed wheels, also a satellite gear 32 which is held by a plate 33 in mesh with a pinion 34.
ice
The sunwheel 30 is connected through its wheel 30a with the wheel of the gear 25 and through its wheel 30b with the pinion 32a of the planet pinion 32. The gear 31 is connected through its wheel 31a with the pinion 34, and through its wheel 31b with the wheel 32b of the satellite gear 32. The plate 33 is in engagement both with the pinion 27 and with the pinion 34. The wheel 31a and the plate 33 have the same diameter but their number of teeth differs by one.
The chronometer is also equipped with a hand setting device which is independent of the hands 12, 13, 14 and 1S and which is not represented in detail. Also provided is a mechanism for locking the balance wheel by means of an outside pushbutton (not represented) as well as a winding device for the two spring barrels 16 and 17 by means of a single winding shaft, with the interposition 0f the wheels 35, 36 and 37.
We claim:
1. A chronometer for the simultaneous indication of local time and hour-angle corresponding to the sidereal time, said chronometer comprising a local time assembly and a sidereal time assembly each comprising an individual spring operatively connected to appropriate indicators, escapement means operatively connected to said assemblies, and a differential gear means operatively connected between said assemblies and constructed to impose a predetermined motional relation upon said assemblies respectively corresponding to the difference between local and sidereal time measurements, said differential gear means comprising a pair of planet gears each comprising rst and second gear wheels, the first gear wheel of one of said planet gears being connected to one of said assemblies, a satellite carried by a plate and independently rotatable about its own axis, the second of said gear wheels of both of said planet gears being connected to said satellite gear, said plate being connected to one of said assemblies and to a pinion, said pinion being connected to the rst gear wheel of the other of said planet gears.
2. A chronometer for the simultaneous indication of local time and hour-angle corresponding to the sidereal time, said chronometer comprising a local time assembly and a sidereal time assembly each comprising an individual spring operatively connected to appropriate indicators, a single escapement operatively connected to both said assemblies, and a differential gear means operatively connected between said assemblies and constructed to impose a predetermined motional relation upon said assemblies respectively corresponding to the difference between local and sidereal time measurements, said differential gear means comprising a pair of planet gears each comprising first and second gear wheels, the first gear wheel of one of said planet gears being connected to one of said assemblies, a satellite carried by a plate and independently rotatable about its own axis, the second of said gear wheels of both of said planet gears being connected to said satellite gear, said plate being connected to one of said assemblies and to a pinion, said pinion being connected to the first gear wheel of the other of said planet gears.
References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,224,268 McDonald Dec. 10, 1940 FOREIGN PATENTS 225,505 Switzerland May 1, 1943
US756618A 1957-09-23 1958-08-22 Chronometer Expired - Lifetime US2969636A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3726081A (en) * 1970-08-07 1973-04-10 Ebauches Sa Electric time-piece with chronograph indicator
US20050007888A1 (en) * 2002-02-01 2005-01-13 Tag-Heuer Sa Device comprising a clock movement and a chronograph module
US20100214879A1 (en) * 2009-02-24 2010-08-26 Montres Breguet S.A. Timepiece comprising a chronograph and a watch
CN105911844A (en) * 2015-02-23 2016-08-31 蒙特雷布勒盖股份有限公司 Chronograph Mechanism
CN106460882B (en) * 2014-01-31 2019-07-23 伍德沃德有限公司 Rotary piston type actuator with Modularized shell

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2224268A (en) * 1938-03-09 1940-12-10 George R Mcdonald Electrically operated sidereal clock
CH225505A (en) * 1940-10-01 1943-01-31 Longines Montres Comp D Timepiece simultaneously indicating civil time and sidereal time.

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2224268A (en) * 1938-03-09 1940-12-10 George R Mcdonald Electrically operated sidereal clock
CH225505A (en) * 1940-10-01 1943-01-31 Longines Montres Comp D Timepiece simultaneously indicating civil time and sidereal time.

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3726081A (en) * 1970-08-07 1973-04-10 Ebauches Sa Electric time-piece with chronograph indicator
US20050007888A1 (en) * 2002-02-01 2005-01-13 Tag-Heuer Sa Device comprising a clock movement and a chronograph module
US7905655B2 (en) * 2002-02-01 2011-03-15 Lvmh Swiss Manufactures Sa Device comprising a clock movement and a chronograph module
US20110164474A1 (en) * 2002-02-01 2011-07-07 Lvmh Swiss Manufactures Sa Device comprising a clock movement and a chronograph module
US8113707B2 (en) 2002-02-01 2012-02-14 Lvmh Swiss Manufactures Sa Device comprising a clock movement and a chronograph module
US8182138B2 (en) 2002-02-01 2012-05-22 Lvmh Swiss Manufactures Sa Device comprising a clock movement and a chronograph module
US8308345B2 (en) 2002-02-01 2012-11-13 Lvmh Swiss Manufactures Sa Device comprising a clock movement and a chronograph module
US20100214879A1 (en) * 2009-02-24 2010-08-26 Montres Breguet S.A. Timepiece comprising a chronograph and a watch
US8328413B2 (en) * 2009-02-24 2012-12-11 Montres Breguet S.A. Timepiece comprising a chronograph and a watch
CN106460882B (en) * 2014-01-31 2019-07-23 伍德沃德有限公司 Rotary piston type actuator with Modularized shell
CN105911844A (en) * 2015-02-23 2016-08-31 蒙特雷布勒盖股份有限公司 Chronograph Mechanism
CN105911844B (en) * 2015-02-23 2018-10-02 蒙特雷布勒盖股份有限公司 Time movement

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