US2968011A - Pulse correcting circuit - Google Patents

Pulse correcting circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
US2968011A
US2968011A US666066A US66606657A US2968011A US 2968011 A US2968011 A US 2968011A US 666066 A US666066 A US 666066A US 66606657 A US66606657 A US 66606657A US 2968011 A US2968011 A US 2968011A
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United States
Prior art keywords
pulse
equal
line sections
impedance
input
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Expired - Lifetime
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US666066A
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English (en)
Inventor
Schouten Jan Karel
Verstraten Jan
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US Philips Corp
North American Philips Co Inc
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US Philips Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K5/00—Manipulating of pulses not covered by one of the other main groups of this subclass
    • H03K5/01—Shaping pulses
    • H03K5/04—Shaping pulses by increasing duration; by decreasing duration
    • H03K5/06—Shaping pulses by increasing duration; by decreasing duration by the use of delay lines or other analogue delay elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/50—Magnetrons, i.e. tubes with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field
    • H01J25/52—Magnetrons, i.e. tubes with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field with an electron space having a shape that does not prevent any electron from moving completely around the cathode or guide electrode
    • H01J25/58—Magnetrons, i.e. tubes with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field with an electron space having a shape that does not prevent any electron from moving completely around the cathode or guide electrode having a number of resonators; having a composite resonator, e.g. a helix
    • H01J25/587—Multi-cavity magnetrons
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K5/00—Manipulating of pulses not covered by one of the other main groups of this subclass
    • H03K5/01—Shaping pulses

Definitions

  • the trailing edges of the pulses can be distorted by the introduction of pulse tails, for example, owing to deviations from a transmission characteristic required for faithful transmission.
  • the duration of these tails can be several times that of the pulses while their amplitude is a fraction, for example /3, of the pulse amplitude.
  • one of the line sections is open and the other is short-circuited, the characteristic impedance of the open line section constituting the output resistance of the network.
  • the single figure of the drawing shows the circuit arrangement of a pulse correcting circuit in accordance with the invention, which comprises the series combination of two line sections 1 and 2 of equal characteristic impedance R and equal electrical length L, which are terminated, at their input sides, by resistors 3, 4, the values of which are equal to that of the characteristic impedance R At their remote ends, the line sections 1, 2 are closed by finite resistors 5, 6, the product of which is equal to the square of the characteristic impedance R the resistor 4 associated with the line section 2 constituting the output resistance of the circuit.
  • the resistors 5, 6 at the remote ends are adjustable and are provided with adjusting members coupled to a common adjusting shaft 7, the product of these resistors 5, 6 being equal to the square of the characteristic impedance R irrespective of their adjust- 2,968,011 Patented Jan. 10, 1961- ment by means of the adjusting shaft 7.
  • the value of the resistor 6 associated with the line section 2- is R
  • the value of the resistor 5 associated with the line section 1 is given by
  • this current pulse f u Upon the occurrence of this current pulse f u), the latter is distributed in equal parts to the resistors 3, 4 and the line sections 1, 2 the pulsatory current supplied to the line sections 1, 2 propagating along these lines sections 1, 2 and after reflection at the resistors 5, 6 being returned to the resistors 3, 4 after a period of time equal to the speed of propagation at of an electrical disturbance in said line sections 1, 2 per unit of length (propagation constant) multiplied by twice the electric length L of these line sections 1, 2.
  • a is the reflection factor at the resistor 6, which is given by Hence, there appears at the output resistor a a nondelayed pulse and a pulse delayed by a period of time 2aL, the shape of both pulses being equal to that of the input pulse while the amplitude of the delayed pulse is a
  • the polarity and the amplitude of the delayed pulse can be suitably adjusted by adjustment of the resistor 6 at the remote endi of the line section 2.
  • the reflection factor at the resistor 5 of the line sec tion 1 is given by:
  • the pulses at resistors 3 and 4 which are delayed by a time interval ZaL, are equal in shape and amplitude but opposite in polarity, so that during the occurrence of these delayed pulses the current supply circuit does not pass current. Consequently the shape of the delayed pulses is not modified by the current supply circuit.
  • a pulse 10 of the shape shown in the figure having a duration 1- of, say, 0.01 usec. and a pulse tail 10 of equal duration 'r is supplied to input terminals 8, 9, with an electric length of the line sections such that the delay period of the line sections 1 and 2 is equal to /2 of the duration of the input pulse, ie /27, and suitable adjustment of the resistor 5, 6 there is obtained at the output resistor 4 an output pulse, the pulse tail of which is appreciably reduced.
  • the term delay period of the line sections is to be understood to mean here the product of the propagation constant cc and the electric length L of the line sections.
  • the impedance Z, of the pulse correcting circuit between the terminals 8, 9 should act as an ohmic resistance for the essential components represented in the frequency spectrum of a pulse.
  • the impedance Z, between the input terminals 8, 9 is equal to the sum of the impedances of the networks 1, 3, 5 and 2, 4, 6, the network 2, 4, 6 comprising the parallel combination of the resistor 3-, which is equal in value to the characteristic impedance R and of the impedance Z of the line section 2 which is closed at the remote end by the resistor 6, the network 1, 3, comprising the parallel combination of the resistor 3 of value R and the impedance Z of the line section 1 closed at the remote end by the resistor 5.
  • a further important advantage of the constant input impedance consists in that a plurality of arrangements of the kind described can be connected in cascade withoutthese arrangements influencing one another. Such an arrangement can be used to advantage for the correctioniofpulse tails having a duration which is several times '4 that of the pulses.
  • the electric lengths of the line sections in successive component arrangements are preferably chosen so that the delay periods ocL of these line sections are substantially equal to successive multiples of one half of the duration of the pulses supplied to the input terminals.
  • a pulse correcting circuit for correcting the amplitude of a pulse tail following a pulse, comprising a pair of input terminals, two transmission line sections of equal electrical length and equal characteristic impedance and each having an input end and an output end, impedance means respectively connected across the input ends of said transmission line sections and each having a value of impedance equal to said characteristic impedance, means connecting the input ends of said transmission line sections in series between said input terminals, first and second resistors respectively connected across the output ends of said transmission line sections, the product of the resistance values of said first and second resistors being equal to the square of said characteristic impedance, and a pair of output terminals connected across the input end of one of said transmission line sections.
  • a pulse correcting circuit for correcting the amplitude of a pulse tail following a pulse comprising a pair of input terminals, two transmission line sections of equal electrical length and equal characteristic impedance and each having an input end and an output end, impedance means respectively connected across the input ends of said transmission line sections and each having a value of impedance equal to said characteristic impedance, means connecting the input ends of said transmission line sections in series between sad input terminals, first and second variable resistors respectively connected across the output ends of said transmission line sections, means connected to vary said variable resistors simultaneously in a manner such that the product of their resistance values is always equal to the square of said characteristic impedance, and a pair of output terminals connected across the input end of one of said transmission line sections.
  • a pulse correcting circuit for correcting the amplitude of a pulse tail following a pulse comprising a plurality of networks connected in sequence and each having a pair of input terminals and a pair of output terminals, the input terminals of each succeeding network being connected to the output terminals of the preceding network, each of said networks comprising two transmission line sections of equal electrical length and equal characteristic impedance and each having an input end and an output end, impedance means respectively connected across the input ends of said transmission line sections and each having a value of impedance equal to said charaoteristic impedance, means connecting the input ends of said transmission line sections in series between said input terminals, first and second resistors respectively connected across the output ends of said transmission line sections, the product of the resistance values of said first and second resistors being equal to the square of said characteristic impedance, the input end of one of said transmission line sections being connected across said output terminals, the electrical lengths of said transmission line sections in the successive networks having values to cause the time delays therein to be substantially equal to successive multiples of one
  • a pulse correcting circuit for correcting the amplitude of a pulse tail comprising a pair of input terminals, two equal transmission line sections each having an input end and an output end, means terminating said input ends in the characteristic impedance of said lines and means serially connecting said input ends between said input terminals, means connected to terminate the output end of each of said transmission line sections with a finite resistance, said finite resistances being relatively proportioned to provide equal and opposite reflection factors at the output ends of said two transmission lines, and a pair of output terminals connected across the input end of the one of said transmission lines having a negative reflection factor.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Dc Digital Transmission (AREA)
  • Apparatuses And Processes For Manufacturing Resistors (AREA)
US666066A 1956-08-23 1957-06-17 Pulse correcting circuit Expired - Lifetime US2968011A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL817747X 1956-08-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2968011A true US2968011A (en) 1961-01-10

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ID=19838943

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US666066A Expired - Lifetime US2968011A (en) 1956-08-23 1957-06-17 Pulse correcting circuit

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2968011A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1115294B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1198413A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB817747A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (2) NL210077A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3189853A (en) * 1960-09-26 1965-06-15 Shell Oil Co Filter for the cancellation of delayed signals
US3193708A (en) * 1963-03-06 1965-07-06 Roland J Turner Asynchronous pulse generator employing capacity diodes
US3402370A (en) * 1965-11-30 1968-09-17 Air Force Usa Pulse generator
US3783391A (en) * 1971-02-08 1974-01-01 Coulter Electronics Axial trajectory sensor having gating means controlled by pulse duration measuring for electronic particle study apparatus and method
US3783390A (en) * 1971-02-09 1974-01-01 W Hogg Axial trajectory sensor having gating means controlled by pulse duration measuring for electronic particle study apparatus and method

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3317757A1 (de) * 1983-05-16 1984-11-22 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Schaltungsanordnung zur uebertragung von digitalen, nach dem ami-code codierten signalen

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL75721C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1949-10-28
US2552160A (en) * 1947-11-14 1951-05-08 Gen Electric Co Ltd Electrical network for the suppression of echoes and the like in electrical signalingsystems
US2659052A (en) * 1945-09-14 1953-11-10 Bess Leon Transmission line delay network

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB630200A (en) * 1946-06-05 1949-10-07 Gen Electric Co Ltd Improvements in and relating to radio signalling systems

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2659052A (en) * 1945-09-14 1953-11-10 Bess Leon Transmission line delay network
US2552160A (en) * 1947-11-14 1951-05-08 Gen Electric Co Ltd Electrical network for the suppression of echoes and the like in electrical signalingsystems
NL75721C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1949-10-28

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3189853A (en) * 1960-09-26 1965-06-15 Shell Oil Co Filter for the cancellation of delayed signals
US3193708A (en) * 1963-03-06 1965-07-06 Roland J Turner Asynchronous pulse generator employing capacity diodes
US3402370A (en) * 1965-11-30 1968-09-17 Air Force Usa Pulse generator
US3783391A (en) * 1971-02-08 1974-01-01 Coulter Electronics Axial trajectory sensor having gating means controlled by pulse duration measuring for electronic particle study apparatus and method
US3783390A (en) * 1971-02-09 1974-01-01 W Hogg Axial trajectory sensor having gating means controlled by pulse duration measuring for electronic particle study apparatus and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1198413A (fr) 1959-12-07
GB817747A (en) 1959-08-06
DE1115294B (de) 1961-10-19
NL210077A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL108175C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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