US2965555A - Heat transfer systems - Google Patents

Heat transfer systems Download PDF

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Publication number
US2965555A
US2965555A US686639A US68663957A US2965555A US 2965555 A US2965555 A US 2965555A US 686639 A US686639 A US 686639A US 68663957 A US68663957 A US 68663957A US 2965555 A US2965555 A US 2965555A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
heat transfer
fins
fin
segments
deflected
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US686639A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hall William Bateman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
UK Atomic Energy Authority
Original Assignee
UK Atomic Energy Authority
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by UK Atomic Energy Authority filed Critical UK Atomic Energy Authority
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2965555A publication Critical patent/US2965555A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
    • G21C3/02—Fuel elements
    • G21C3/04—Constructional details
    • G21C3/06—Casings; Jackets
    • G21C3/08—Casings; Jackets provided with external means to promote heat-transfer, e.g. fins, baffles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

Definitions

  • This invention relates to heat transfer systems and is concerned primarily with extended heat transfer surfaces associated with fuel elements for nuclear reactors.
  • the present invention provides such improved heat transfer surfaces.
  • a body having an array of fins transverse to the length of the body is ch-racterised in that at least one segment of each fin is deflected relative to the remaining segments of the fin in a direction along the axis of the body.
  • a preferred heat transfer system utilising a body according to the invention comprises a circular channel having axially located therein a circumferentially finned fuel element, the fins being divided into an even number of segments greater than two and the segments being alternately deflected against and with the direction of fluid flow along the channel.
  • the fins may be radially cut to permit the deflection or merely counterdeflected with points of inflexion.
  • Fig. 1 an elementary fin 10 is shown in a channel 11 along which a coolant fluid flows in the direction of an arrow 12.
  • the fin has a cut 13 in the proximity of the fin tip to make two segments 14, 15, the segment 14 of the fin being deflected against the direction of the arrow 12 and the segment 15 deflected with the direction of the arrow 12.
  • the arrows 16, 17 are intended to suggest a mechanism whereby coolant is taken from the general stream by the segment 14 and urged back into the stream with the aid of the segment 15 so that the cooling process can be regarded as a main stream (the Patented Dec. 20, 1960 arrow 12) with a fraction continuously withdrawn to sweep the hot surface 18 at the root of the fin and then return to the stream. This mechanism could reasonably also occur with only segment 15 or segment 14 deflected, but to a less effective extent.
  • Fig. 2 part of a fuel element 27 having a sheath 28 and circumferential fins 20 is shown in a circular section channel 21, along which coolant flows in the direction of an arrow 22.
  • the fins 20 have four cuts 23 and are alternately curved, segments 24 of the fin being curved against the direction of the arrow 22 and segments 25 being curved with the direction of the arrow 22.
  • a mechanism based on the creation of four vertices is suggested as indicated by the arrows and lines 26.
  • Fig. 3 shows an arrangement similar to Fig. 2 (the same reference numerals being used) only the cut 13 is replaced by inflexions 13a.
  • the curved fins may be formed by dropping the fuel element, whilst hot, so that the fins plastically deform, through a circular die with two opposed faces of increased curvature to form one pair of deflections and then lifting the element through a die having two pairs of opposed faces all of said incre:sed curvature to form the other pair of deflections.
  • a normally deflected fin 24 is shown together with coolant flow indicated by the arrow 22. It is found that improved heat transfer characteristics may be obtained if the tip 29 of the fin is trimmed as indicated by the line 30 so that the fin presents a cutting edge to the coolant flow 22.
  • a body having an array of fins of constant radius transverse to the length of the body, said fins being divided into an even number of equal segments greater than two, the outer edges of the segments of each fin being deflected chord wise towards a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the body and each segment being deflected in the opposite direction to the adjacent segments on the respective fin.
  • a body according to claim 1 characterised in that the body is a nuclear reactor fuel element.
  • a body according to claim 1 characterised in that the fins are radially cut to permit the deflection.
  • a body according to claim 1 axially located in a channel for controlling the flow of a heat transfer fluid over the body.
  • a body according to claim 4 characterised in that the tips of the fins are trimmed so as to present a cutting edge to the flow of heat transfer fluid.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
US686639A 1956-09-28 1957-09-27 Heat transfer systems Expired - Lifetime US2965555A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB29648/56A GB821861A (en) 1956-09-28 1956-09-28 Improvements in or relating to heat transfer systems in nuclear reactor fuel elements

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2965555A true US2965555A (en) 1960-12-20

Family

ID=10294884

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US686639A Expired - Lifetime US2965555A (en) 1956-09-28 1957-09-27 Heat transfer systems

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2965555A (zh)
BE (1) BE561143A (zh)
DE (1) DE1129170B (zh)
FR (1) FR1183549A (zh)
GB (1) GB821861A (zh)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3195628A (en) * 1961-11-21 1965-07-20 Int Electronic Res Corp Transistor convection cooler
US3363682A (en) * 1964-07-09 1968-01-16 Int Combustion Holdings Ltd Heat exchangers having vortex producing vanes
FR2500611A1 (fr) * 1981-02-06 1982-08-27 Energiagazdalkodasi Intezet Echangeur de chaleur et son procede de fabrication
EP0854344A2 (en) * 1997-01-20 1998-07-22 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Heat exchanger
US6234245B1 (en) 1998-07-02 2001-05-22 Fintube Technologies, Inc. Aero curve fin segment
US20070289723A1 (en) * 2006-04-06 2007-12-20 Stephan Koster Internal heat exchanger with calibrated coil-shaped fin tube
CN101881571A (zh) * 2009-05-06 2010-11-10 通用电气公司 翅片管热交换器
US20110308228A1 (en) * 2010-06-18 2011-12-22 General Electric Company Fin and Tube Heat Exchanger
WO2016003374A1 (en) * 2014-07-03 2016-01-07 King Mongkut's University Of Technology Thonburi Mixed louver spiral fin

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL254720A (zh) * 1959-08-13
DE1215823B (de) * 1960-09-01 1966-05-05 Hartwig Benzler Dr Ing Einrichtung zur Vermeidung der Rueckstroemung bei einem gasgekuehlten Kernreaktor
JPS6298199A (ja) * 1985-10-21 1987-05-07 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 物質移動熱交換器
DE102017218973A1 (de) * 2017-10-24 2019-04-25 Hanon Systems Gegenstrom-Wärmeübertrager

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2216778A (en) * 1937-07-23 1940-10-08 Houdry Process Corp Heat exchange member and method of making
US2217469A (en) * 1940-03-09 1940-10-08 Vulcan Radiator Co Heat transfer unit
US2335918A (en) * 1941-03-03 1943-12-07 Mantle Lamp Co America Water heater
US2418619A (en) * 1943-08-11 1947-04-08 Brown Fintube Co Finned tube
US2454357A (en) * 1945-12-29 1948-11-23 Warren Webster & Co Finned radiator construction
US2620171A (en) * 1949-10-27 1952-12-02 Slant Fin Radiator Corp Heat exchange fin and assembly

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE548407C (de) * 1932-10-14 Ernelies Rossmaier Gehaeuse, insbesondere Zylinder fuer Brennkraftmaschinen
US2667337A (en) * 1947-08-06 1954-01-26 Chapman Everett Finned element for thermal or heat transfer purposes

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2216778A (en) * 1937-07-23 1940-10-08 Houdry Process Corp Heat exchange member and method of making
US2217469A (en) * 1940-03-09 1940-10-08 Vulcan Radiator Co Heat transfer unit
US2335918A (en) * 1941-03-03 1943-12-07 Mantle Lamp Co America Water heater
US2418619A (en) * 1943-08-11 1947-04-08 Brown Fintube Co Finned tube
US2454357A (en) * 1945-12-29 1948-11-23 Warren Webster & Co Finned radiator construction
US2620171A (en) * 1949-10-27 1952-12-02 Slant Fin Radiator Corp Heat exchange fin and assembly

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3195628A (en) * 1961-11-21 1965-07-20 Int Electronic Res Corp Transistor convection cooler
US3363682A (en) * 1964-07-09 1968-01-16 Int Combustion Holdings Ltd Heat exchangers having vortex producing vanes
FR2500611A1 (fr) * 1981-02-06 1982-08-27 Energiagazdalkodasi Intezet Echangeur de chaleur et son procede de fabrication
US4648443A (en) * 1981-02-06 1987-03-10 Energiagazdalkodasi Intezet Heat exchanger with ribbed fin
EP0854344A2 (en) * 1997-01-20 1998-07-22 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Heat exchanger
EP0854344A3 (en) * 1997-01-20 2000-01-26 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Heat exchanger
US6234245B1 (en) 1998-07-02 2001-05-22 Fintube Technologies, Inc. Aero curve fin segment
US20070289723A1 (en) * 2006-04-06 2007-12-20 Stephan Koster Internal heat exchanger with calibrated coil-shaped fin tube
CN101881571A (zh) * 2009-05-06 2010-11-10 通用电气公司 翅片管热交换器
US20100282456A1 (en) * 2009-05-06 2010-11-11 General Electric Company Finned tube heat exchanger
US20120111552A1 (en) * 2009-05-06 2012-05-10 General Electric Company Finned tube heat exchanger
US20110308228A1 (en) * 2010-06-18 2011-12-22 General Electric Company Fin and Tube Heat Exchanger
WO2016003374A1 (en) * 2014-07-03 2016-01-07 King Mongkut's University Of Technology Thonburi Mixed louver spiral fin
US10436524B2 (en) 2014-07-03 2019-10-08 King Mongkut's University Of Technology Thonburi Mixed louver spiral fin

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1129170B (de) 1962-05-10
FR1183549A (fr) 1959-07-08
BE561143A (zh)
GB821861A (en) 1959-10-14

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