US2959145A - Anchors - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 8, 1960 Filed Jan. 31, 1957 R. A. GALLOWAY ANCHORS 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. flq /mmaA'. fiallan'ay, By W; @Z

A TTORNEYS Nov. 8, 1960 R. A. GALLOWAY ANCHORS 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Jan. 31, 1957 INVENTOR. fiaymmd/I. (r'alla Way,

BY wfm ATTORNEYS 2,959,145 ANCHORS Raymond Alfred Galloway, Baltirnore, Md.,- assignor to Paul H. Griflith, Nan-berth, Pa. Filed Jan. 31, 1957, Ser. No. 637,572

3 Claims. (Cl. 114208) This invention relates to improvements in anchors. Reference is hereby made to my co-pending application Serial No. 444,729, filed July 21, 1954, now Patent No. 2,798,447, of which this application is a continuationin-part.

It is an object of this invention to provide an anchor which quickly assumes a holding position on the sea bottom. Another object is to provide an anchor which has great holding power, and which has lateral stability so that a sidewise pull does not upset the anchor but instead tends to rotate or pivot the anchor in a horizontal plane without it releasing from the bottom. Another object is to provide an anchor that holds fast at less scope (ratio of length of line to depth of water) than in conventional anchors. Another object is to provide an anchor that is quickly and easily pulled out of the sea bottom. Another object is to provide an anchor that pulls out of the sea bottom quickly, easily and cleanly. It is another object of the invention to provide an anchor which automatically folds into a fiat compact shape when withdrawn from the sea bottom so that the pointed ends of the anchor lay in a vertical position and are not pointed toward the side of the boat. This avoids any digging action into the side of the boat which has been a problem in anchors heretofore made. Another object is to provide an anchor that is folded into a flat compact shape and is stored in a small space with its pointed members positioned so that they cannot injure the occupant of the boat. It is another object to provide an anchor that is easily disassembled and assembled and that provides for the easy replacement of parts.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will further become apparent hereinafter and in the drawings in which:

Fig. 1 represents a view in elevation of an anchor constructed in accordance with this invention as suspended from a line or rope;

Fig. 2 represents a side view of the anchor shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 represents the anchor of Fig. 1 in a disassembled condition and partially in cross section in order to illustrate important details;

Fig. 4 represents a view of the anchor after it has been dropped to a sea bottom and before it has taken hold;

Fig. 5 represents a view of the anchor showing its position when it is pulled by the line and before it has imbedded itself in the sea bottom;

Fig. 6 represents a view of the anchor showing it partially imbedded; and

Fig. 7 represents a view showing the anchor in its holding position.

Although specific terms are used in the following description for clarity, these terms are intended to refer only to the structure shown in the drawings and are not intended to define or limit the scope of the invention.

Turning now to the specific embodiment of the invention selected for illustration in the drawings, the number 11 designates generally an anchor having an elongated States Patent 0 "ice base member 12, a fluke member 13 and a shank member 14; I

Base meinber'1'2 has formed in its upper end an upper slot 15 and in its lower end a lower slot 16. Weld'ed'to the lower end of base member 12 are a pair of crown plates 17, 18 positioned one on each side of lower slot 16.

Fluke member 13 includes a pair of pointed flukes 21, 22 which are joined together at their lower ends by a lower cross bar 23. Positioned between the lower cross bar and the tips of flukes 21, 22 are a pair of inwardlyfacing, transversely-positioned pins 24, 25.

Shank member 14 includes a pair of legs 26, 27 which are joined together at their upper ends and which extend downwardly and outwardly to straddle base member 12. Located in the lower ends of legs 26, 27 are a pair of apertures 31, 32 which receive pins 24, 25 respectively. In the middle part of legs 26, 27 are formed apertures 33, 34 which receive the ends of an upper cross bar 35. Cross bar 35 also fits into upper slot 15 of base member 12. The upper ends of legs 26, 27 have formed therein apertures 36, 37 which receive a bolt 38. Legs 26, 27 are joined together by bolt 38, nut 41, washer 42 and shackle 43. Extending from shackle 43 is a line or rope 44 the other end of which is fastened to the boat.

Referring to Fig. 3, to assemble the anchor the lower cross bar 23 is placed within lower slot 16 of base member 12, apertures 31, 32 receive pins 24, 25, upper cross bar 35 is placed within upper slot 15 of base member 12 and the ends of upper cross bar 35 are received by apertures 33, 34 of legs 26, 27, and bolt 38 is inserted into the holes of shackle 43 and the apertures 36, 37 of legs 26, 27. Then the bolt assembly comprising bolt 38, washer 42 and nut 41, is tightened down to join legs 26, 27 together to form shank 14. The anchor is disassembled very easily by reversing the procedure. This ease of assembly and disassembly is of advantage since it has been found that the flukes are the parts most easily damaged, and the arrangement of this anchor provides for replacing the fiukes without discarding the entire anchor.

Referring to Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7, the anchor on being dropped to the bottom assumes the position in Fig. 4. Upon a pull being exerted on the line, the flukes are pointed downwardly toward the sea bottom in a positive manner, the base member acting as a driver (Fig. 5). As the pull continues, the flukes enter the bottom as is shown in Fig. 6 to finally come to rest as shown in Fig. 7; thus quickly, easily and positively entering into the sea bottom and holding fast.

It has been found that the anchor requires less scope (ratio of length of line to depth of water) than is required for conventional anchors. This is of particular advantage where the area available for anchorage is limited. Moreover, the anchor slips easily into holding position and holds firm at the bottom despite pivoting of the boat in a shift of wind or tide. Up and down surges from a rough sea exert a force that, instead of tending to pull the flukes out of the bottom, tends to push deeper. Additionally, the crown plates tend to control the depth of submergence so as to insure the easy removal of the anchor from the sea bed. The construction of the anchor is such that on pull out the initial jerk unfreezes the flukes from the sea bottom. Upon being pulled out of the bottom, the anchor folds up into a flat vertical position which prevents the anchor from being trapped in a crevice of rocks on being hoisted to the ship. An important advantage of this flat position of the anchor is that on being hoisted from the sea bottom there is no danger of the points of the flukes digging into the side of the ship and damaging it, and no necessity for the person hoisting the anchor to lean far out of the boat to avoid such striking.

It is to be understood that the form of the invention herein shown and described is to be taken as a preferred embodiment, and that various changes may be made in the shape, size and arrangement of parts. Further, equivalent elements may be substituted for those described herein, parts may be reversed, and certain features of the invention may be utilized independently of the use of other features, all without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as defined in the subjoined claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. An anchor comprising a base member, a fluke member having a plurality of flukes, means detachably pivoting one end of said base member to said fluke member, a shank disposed on opposite sides of said base member, means detachably pivoting the other end of said base member to said shank, means pivoting said shank to said flukes, and means including a plate mounted on one end of said base member to form a crown for pointing the fiukes toward the sea bottom when the anchor is dropped onto said bottom.

2. An anchor comprising a base member, a fluke member having a plurality of flukes positioned outwardly and laterally of said base member, a shank dis-posed on opposite sides of said base member, means detachably pivoting said shank to said base member providing rotational and limited translational movement of said shank with respect to said base member, means detachably pivoting said fluke member to said base member, means detachably pivoting said shank to said flukes, and means including a pair of plates mounted on one end of said base member to form a crown for pointing the plates toward the sea bottom when the anchor is dropped onto said bottom.

3. An anchor comprising an elongated base member, a fluke member having a plurality of flukes straddling one end of said base member, means including a pair of plates mounted on one end of said base member and straddling said fluke member to form crowns for pointing the fiukes toward the sea bottom when the anchor is dropped onto said bottom, pivot means detachably joining said fluke member to said base member, a shank having a bifurcated end defining two legs which straddle an opposite end of said base member, pivot means detachably joining said shank and said base member providing rotational and limited translational movement of said shank with respect to said base member, and pivot joints detachably connecting each of said legs with said fiukes.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 957,621 Neal May 10, 1910 2,711,150 Ogg June 21, 1955 2,798,447 Galloway July 9, 1957

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