US2952131A

US2952131A - Apparatus for forming concrete piles

Info

Publication number: US2952131A
Application number: US474921A
Authority: US
Inventors: Lyroudias Leonidas
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1954-12-13
Filing date: 1954-12-13
Publication date: 1960-09-13
Anticipated expiration: 1977-09-13

Description

Sept. 13, 196 L. LYROUDIAS APPARATUS FOR FORMING CONCRETE FILES 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. 13. 1954 INVENT OR ATTORNEY 5 56 I r v Leonzdas Ly o 4246 WQM APPARATUS FOR FORMING CONCRETE FILES Filed Dec. 13, 1954 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 68' 6 6'8 L4 4 O G INVENTOR L 60 nidos Lf/TOI/didfi ATTORNEY$ 2,952,131 1C Patented sep 1960 APPARATUS FOR FORMING CONCRETE PlLES Leonidas Lyroudias, Apartado Aereo 5878, Bogota, Colombia Filed Dec. 13, 1954, Ser. No. 474,921

2 Claims. (Cl. 61-63) This invention relates to apparatus for forming concrete piles, and has as one of its primary objects the provision of such means for constructing concrete piles of any given diameter and of any desired length.

Another object of this invention is to provide means for constructing concrete pile foundations in the ground wherein as the piles are being constructed the operator may determine the actual carrying or supporting force thereof with a greater accuracy than is heretofore made possible.

A further object of this invention is to provide apparatus' for constructing concrete piles with a relatively small and light weight device wherein the piles may be erected rapidly thereby saving both time and money.

A still further object of this invention is to provide apparatus means which enables the construction of concrete pile foundations without the use of reinforcing iron or steel.

This invention has, as another object, the provision of apparatus means for constructing concrete piles which are relatively inexpensive to manufacture, non-complex in operation, and durable in use.

Other and further objects and advantages of this invention will become more evident from a consideration of the following specification when read in conjunction with the annexed drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevational view of the apparatus for constructing concrete pile foundations in accordance with this invention, and showing the extractor apparatus in extended position.

Figure 2 is a medial longitudinal cross-sectional view, partly in elevation, of the apparatus shown in Figure 1, and illustrating the position of the tube extraction jaws in their respective non-gripping relation.

Figure 3 is a top plan view of the apparatus shown in Figure 2, showing the position of the extraction jaws when moved to their respective operable positions. I

Figure 4 is an end elevational view of the tube extracting apparatus taken on the vertical plane of line 44 of Figure 3, looking in the direction'of the arrows.

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view, partly in elevation, taken on the vertical plane of line 55 of Figure 3, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 6 is a fragmentary detail cross-sectional view illustrating the extractor gripping means.

Figure 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the concrete ejection apparatus.

Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view taken on the horizontal plane of line 8-8 of Figure 7, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view taken on the horizontal plane of line 99 of Figure 7, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view taken on the horizontal plane of line 1010 of Figure 7, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 11 is an end elevational view of the extraction apparatus taken on the horizontal plane of line 11-11 of Figure 7, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 12 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the extracting device illustrating its working positions.

Figures 13 to 18, inclusive, illustrate the successive steps which are employed in utilizing the pile construction apparatus.

Referring now more specifically to the drawings, reference numeral "50 designates, in general, a concrete pile foundation constructing device constructed in accordance with the teachings of the present invention. The device 50 comprises a relatively rigid, substantially rectangular base member 51, formed of metal or other desired materials, and having an aperture 52 extending transversely therethrough adjacent one of its ends.

A pair of hydraulically operated jacks, designated in general by reference numeral 54, are mounted and secured on the base 51 by conventional means. The jacks 54 are of identical construction and comprise a hollow cylindrical side wall 56 having telescoped therein (see Figure 1) a first substantially hollow tubular element 58, a second substantially hollow tubular element 60, and a third substantially hollow tubular element 62 closed at the upper end thereof. The upper ends of the elements 62 terminate in an end portion 64 having an aperture 66 formed therein and extending substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the element 62. "A pair of links 68 are disposed on opposite sides of the end portion 64 and have their respective lower ends pivotally connected thereto by the pivot pin or axle 70, the pivot pin 70 extending transversely through the aperture 66. The other ends of the links 68 are pivotally connected at 72 on opposite sides of and at one end "I4 of a lever 76. The other end of the lever 76 is secured, as by welding, to one side of an arcuate extractor jaw 78. The jaw 78 is provided with reinforcing upper and

lower plates

80, 82 which are also secured to the lever 76 as by welding.

Referring now more specifically to Figures 2 and 3, it is seen that one end of a bell crank lever 84 is fixedly secured to the opposite ends of the

reinforcing plates

80, 82, and the other, or lower end thereof is pivotally mounted at 86 between a pair of

bearing plates

88 and 90.

The bearing plates are welded to a horizontally disposed support member 92 having a central aperture 94 formed therein. The plate 92 is connected with one end of a pair of angle members 96, the other end thereof being fixedly secured to the element 60 and are positioned on opposite sides of the element 62.

A conventional hydraulic fluid pump is disposed within a casing 98 and connects with the jacks 54 through the

conduits

100 and 102.

Reference numeral 104 designates an elongated substantially hollow tubular pipe, the function of which will be set forth in detail below. As is seen in the drawings, the pipe 104 is adapted tobe positioned between the jaws 78 and is adapted to be tightly gripped thereby. This operation takes place in the following manner.

Assuming that the pump within the housing 98 is supplying hydraulic fluid under pressure to the hydraulic jacks 54, the force thereof exerted on the element 62 causes the same to move vertically upwardly. This action causes the links 68 .to move upwardly and pivot into the dotted line position shown in Figure 2. As the links move upwardly, the bell crank levers 84 are pivoted about their axes at 86 causing the jaw members 78 to move inwardly and engage tightly against the hollow tubular pipe 104. As shown in Figure 6, the jaws are provided with a serrated gripping surface 166 with the serrations being inclined vertically upwardly.

Thereafter, the element 60 moves vertically upwardly j which bears -21.8.w V y I M In operation, the extractor device 54) is placed at the. desired location for'fo'rming a concrete pile, "the jacks, 54

and in so doing carries the hollow tubular member 104' upwardly therewith. The upwardmovement continues until the hydraulic jacks 54 have reached their'ma'ximmn point of expansion.

The tube 104 has disposed therein a diametrically extending substantially rectangular spacer plate 200 which has its opposite ends fixedly secured thereto as by welding. As seen in Figures 7 and 8, the spacer plate 200* has welded to its upper and lower sides a plurality of laterally spaced ribs 202, and an elongated cylindrical open ended sleeve member 264 is rigidly secured to the outer ends of the ribs 202. The opposite ends of the sleeve 2M receive the respective base elements 206, 268 of a pair of oppositely

disposedhydraulic jacks

210, 212. The base ele-- 1 ment 206 has telescopically mounted therein thetelescop ing elements 214; 216 and 213, and. the base element 2&3 is provided with telescoping elements 224 and 222.

The hydraulic jacks Zldand 212 are connected with the i 7 pump disposed in the housing 98 througha flexible hose carrying two conduits (not shown), one foreachof the jacks.

across the tubular member Ill-dand includes a pair of depending confronting spaced apart

parallel arms

228, 230 which are positioned within and closely adjacent the inner surface of the tubular member 104. The lower ends of the anus 228, 23tl arewelded to an annular piston member 232havinga valve seat 234 atthe'center thereof. 7 The annular member 232, being secured to the arms 22%, 239

is fixed to the spider 226 and will reciprocate therewith.

An inverted U-shaped spider 226 extends diametrically The spider 226 is fixedly secured to the lower end of the s telescopic element 220 of the jack 212. i

The annular member 232is providedwith a plurality of verticallyspaced circular grooves 235, 236' with the l'owerrnost one thereof having the greatest diameter and. the groovesare positioned inco-axial :alignmentwiththe valve seat 234.

A valve member 238 is fixedly secured to the lower end I of the telescoping element 222 of the jack 212, and is constructed with an angularly inclined face 240 adapted to CQncreteBOtl'Jis then'poured' into theopen'upper end 1 I of the tubular member 104, and passesthrough the open 1 valve seat 234 into the lower end of thetub'ularmem-ber 104. But caremust be exercised that the volume of the concrete 309A does not exceed the volume of the space i 5 which may have been present in the lower end of the tube Y m4;-

A driver 3oz ground carrying with it the compressed concrete 300A, as shownin Figure 15.

passes through may beread from a manometer 304 connected in thehydraulic system of the jack 212. Should additional information be required, the geotechnic coefiicientof the penetrated ground may be read from the manometer 306 connected in the hydraulic system of i the jacks 54.

The driver 3% continues to operatevuntil the desired 4 I resistance for the pileisfound, naturally this resistance will be inferior to the final resistance? since the concrete is stillfresh; e

The jack 210 is now actuated to restore the jack2l2 I to the full line position of Figure 7 and additional conengage tightly the valve seat23i A pair of substantially j solid cylindrical members 242, 2% depend from the lower I end of the valve 238 and the member 244 terminates in an end, portion 246 having an inverted frustmconical configuration.

A pair of'diametrically opposed. lugsf248, 250 are integrally formed with the. valve 233xand each has secured thereto one endof an

elongated rod

252, 254, respectively. j The rods 252," 254 connect at theirtother respective ends with a cross-shaft 256 extending horizontally through the telgscoping member 218 of the jack 212 adjacent its upper en g With the interconnection of the piston member 232, valve member-23h sand the jacks 210, .212, operation of thejack212 is effective tofirstymove thelvalve .238 against the piston member 232 and afterwards to move the piston t member 232 in'the pipe; 194.; The jack 2W is compressed byKthe jack .212 through the rods252; 2541b operation oi the jack zllh The jackZltl serves to compress the jack 212 on operation of the jack litl to return the piston mem i ber 232and valve 233 tovnormal position: i

A cylindrical shield are surrounds thetel escopingmemher 218 and has an integrally constructed conical cap 260 on the upper end of the telescoping member thereof being collapsed and the/jaws 78 in their 'open position, as shown in full lines injFigure 2. f The tubular member 1%,; the jacks 21E and 2 12, and the elements crete 300 is poured intothe tubular member 104. Jack 210 is nowrelieved of pressure and pressure isplaced e flonthe jack1212 to cause the'ycon'crete 360A to befejectem from the bottom of the tube.

', The above described operations continue until a tightly "packed mass of concrete 3MB (see Figure l6)..of a known volume is obtained. I i

In the desciibed operation, the conical member 246 andthe annular-mernber 232should never reach the end: of the tubular-member 104- so that jthe member'always has a small layerof concretetherein to prevent the seepage of water therein and to avoid a severanceofthe 3 pile at thebase of the tubular member 104. p

f When the desired mass 3MB of concrete has been ob-, I 'tained, "the jackflzl2is returned to, its-full line position 2 of Figure 9 and more fresh. cement is poured into the i I tubularmembermllld The new cement is now placed ,under pressure by the jack 212, and simultaneously the "jacks 54 ofthefext'ractor are placedintooperation The" i movement otthe jacks '54 and 2l2are synchronized so] that thelongitudinal movement of the tubular member 104' upwardlyjis lessthan the downward movement of 1 I the annular member 232 whereby (Figure 17) isformed. V v p a Theabove described cycles of operation are sequen ,tialiy repeateduntil the desired pilethas' beenobtained,

and .the'tube 104 is then withdrawn completely from I v the'ground (see Figure 18)..

associated therewith are in the illustrated full lineposi .tion of Figure7, and it should be noticedthat the valve 238 is in its openpositi on. The tubularmembcr 104 is now inserted in the extractor 50 between the jaws 78 and extends vertically from tlieground.

1235 :and 236.

'vice versa. I Having described and illustrated one embodiment of '.this invention in detail, it will be understood that the same offeredmerely by way of example, and that the.

invention isto be limited only by, the scopeot the. ap-;

- pended clahnsl" p What is claimed is:

[To assist in breaking the suctionunder t-he valve 238, l

the annular member has been providedwith' the grooves 1'. A device forconstructing concrete piles in situcomprisingan elongatedupright pipe havingtheoppositef now engages and moves the upper end of the tubular member 104 downwardly through the Asthe tubular member 104 descends, the resistance of each strata of the earthit a cement] neck 300C;

It willbe understood that as the jack zlz is extended" during'the operating 'cyclepthejack' 219 retracts; and i ends thereof open, a plate fixed transversely of said pipe intermediate the opposite ends thereof, an upper hydraulic jack base fixed to said plate to extend upwardly therefrom in axial relation to said pipe, a lower hydraulic jack base fixed to said plate to extend downwardly therefrom in axial relation to said pipe, a piston slidably mounted in said pipe below said plate and said hydraulic jack bases, a valve seat formed in said piston, a telescopic element mounted for reciprocation in said lower hydraulic jack base, means securing said piston to the lower end of said telescopic element with said piston spaced substantially below said telescopic element, a second telescopic element mounted for reciprocation in said first telescopic element, a valve carried by the lower end of said second telescopic element for cooperative engagement with said valve seat, a plurality of telescopic elements mounted for reciprocation in said upper said hydraulic jack base, opposed lugs on said valves, rigid rods secured at their lower ends to said lugs, a cross shaft secured to the uppermost of said telescopic elements, said rigid rods being secured at their upper ends to said cross shaft, thus connecting said valve to the uppermost of said plurality of telescopic elements whereby on supplying hydraulic pressure to said lower hydraulic jack base initially said valve is moved into closed position against said valve seat and successively said piston is moved in said pipe away from said plate and on supplying hy- 6 draulic pressure to said upper hydraulic jack base, said valve is moved away from said valve seat and said piston is moved axially in said pipe toward said plate.

2. A device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the means securing said piston to said first named telescopic element includes an inverted U -shaped spider fixed centrally to said first named telescopic element and having the opposite ends thereof fixed to said piston.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,101,662 Ridley June 30, 1914 1,900,622 Tada Mar. 7, 1933 2,087,403 Gonser et al. July 20, 1937 2,140,111 Newman Dec. 13, 1938 2,184,514 Cleesattel Dec. 26, 1939 2,421,666 Upson et a1. June 3, 1947 2,433,477 OQuinn et a1 Dec. 30, 1947 2,483,239 Sharpe Sept. 27, 1949 2,684,576 Pickman July 27, 1954 2,795,934 Jenkins June 18, 1957 2,830,443 Burrell Apr. 15, 1958 FOREIGN PATENTS 395,323 Great Britain Oct. 7, 1931