US2949856A - Fuzes having a self-destructive action - Google Patents

Fuzes having a self-destructive action Download PDF

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Publication number
US2949856A
US2949856A US615109A US61510956A US2949856A US 2949856 A US2949856 A US 2949856A US 615109 A US615109 A US 615109A US 61510956 A US61510956 A US 61510956A US 2949856 A US2949856 A US 2949856A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
projectile
spring
firing device
pressure
fuze
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US615109A
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English (en)
Inventor
Albertus G Mantel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NL MACHF ARTILLERIE INRICHTENG
Nv Nederlandsche Machinefabriek Artillerie-Inrichtengen
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NL MACHF ARTILLERIE INRICHTENG
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Publication date
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Publication of US2949856A publication Critical patent/US2949856A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C9/00—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition
    • F42C9/02—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition the timing being caused by mechanical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/24—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected by inertia means
    • F42C15/26—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected by inertia means using centrifugal force
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C9/00—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition
    • F42C9/14—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes
    • F42C9/16—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes for self-destruction of ammunition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C9/00—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition
    • F42C9/14—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes
    • F42C9/16—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes for self-destruction of ammunition
    • F42C9/18—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes for self-destruction of ammunition when the spin rate falls below a predetermined limit, e.g. a spring force being stronger than the locking action of a centrifugally-operated lock

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuze having a self-destructive action for a projectile and provided with a firing mechanism which after the projectile has been discharged is locked in its inactive position by means of at least one locking member, the firing mechanism being influenced by a spring releasing said mechanism out of its inactive position as soon as the angular speed of the projectile has been decreased to a predetermined value.
  • Said means for releasing the locking member or members of the firing mechanism results in a self-destruction of the projectile before it reaches the ground and also when it has not reached its target.
  • the projectile With fuzes of the kind referred to above the projectile will, therefore, automatically explode on that point of its path, where its angular speed is decreased to a value, at which the pressure of the spring can overcome the influence of said speed on the locking of the firing mechanism.
  • said point With the ruzes known up to now, said point, however, is not situated at a fixed distance from the gun, as said distance depends on the translatory speed and the angular speed, with which the projectile leaves the gun and both said speeds are smaller according to the wear at the inner wall of the barrel, whereby the projectile encounters less resistance so that the gas pressure generated by the explosion of the propelling charge will be smaller. In consequence thereof the bursting point of the projectile will lie at a shorter distance from the gun on heavier wear of the gun barrel.
  • the invention has for its object to have a selfdestructing projectile burst at a fixed distance independently of the wear of the gun barrel.
  • the spring loading the firing mechanism is not compressed to a predetermined fixed degree but a slidable pressure member is acting on the spring and is displaced under the influence of the angular speed of the projectile at the beginning of its flight in such a manner that at smaller angular speed the spring pressure is correspondingly smaller.
  • Figs. 1a, 1b and 1c each show half a longitudinal section of a fuze according to the first embochment with three different positions of the moving parts thereof.
  • Fig. 1a the section is completed with half an elevational view of the fuze.
  • Fig. 2 is half a longitudinal section of a fuze according to the second embodiment with the moving parts in the position when the projectile has just left the gun barrel.
  • the fuze body 1 contains the striker pin 2, which in ⁇ the position of rest of the fuze shown in Fig. 1a is re- 2,949,856 Patented Aug. 23, 1960 EQQ tained in its inactive position by a locking bolt 3. Below the striker pin the percussion cap 4 is located and the compression spring 5 is pressing on the collar 6 of the striker pin. In the circumference of said collar 6 one or more recesses 7 for a ball 3 are provided which ball under the influence of the centrifugal action due to the spinning of the projectile after leaving the gun is urged in the angle between the inclined surface 9 and the cylindrical wall 10 of the cavity of the fuze body, as appears from Fig. lb showing the movable parts in their position after the discharge of the projectile.
  • the locking bolt 3 is then moved outwards against the action of a spring 11 under the influence of the centrifugal force so that said bolt releases the striker pin 2.
  • the spring 5 is compressed by a pressure disc 12 screwed on a threaded pin 13 secured in the fuze body 1.
  • This disc 12 is provided on its circumference with one or more grooves 14 extending along a generating line of the conical circumferential surface of the pressure disc.
  • a ball 15 lies in the groove 14 of the pressure disc, with ⁇ said ball being adapted to run in a helical groove 16 in the conical wall 17 of the fuze body.
  • the spring 5 may have a slight initial tension. If, however, the projectile is rotating about its axis the ball 15 will, due to centrifugal force, run in the groove 16 towards the Wider part of the conical wall 17. This causes the ball to turn the pressure disc 12 on the threaded pin 13 with respect to the fuze body, whereby the pressure disc is moved axially in the direction towards the striker pin 2 and the tension of the spring is consequently increased. If the angular speed of the projectile is greater, the tension of the spring will be greater because the centrifugal force on the ball 15 is increased and moves the ball further.
  • Fig. 1c shows the moving parts of the fuze in the position which they occupy during the flight of the projectile when its angular speed is decreased to such an extent that the pressure of the spring 5 overcomes the centrifugal force urging the ball 8 of the striker pin 2 in the angle between the inclined surface 9 and the cylindrical wall, so that the pin is released and strikes the percussion cap
  • the pressure disc 12 remains stationary and therefore, constitutes a supporting surface for the spring as the screw thread on the pin 13 is selflocking.
  • the striker pin 2 is initially locked by the bolt 35 and after the projectile is discharged the pin is locked by the ball 8 which has the same function as in the embodiment according to Figs. 1alc.
  • the pressure disc 12 for varying the pressure of the spring 5, cooperates with the conical wall 17 of the cavity in the fuze body 1, so that the threaded pin 13 of the first embodiment is omitted here.
  • the pressure disc 12 is provided with one or more balls 15, which are located in radial holes 18 of the pressure disc.
  • the ball'15 will, under the influence of the centrifugal force exerted on the ball and generated by the large angular speed of the projectile, be moved towards the wider part of the conical Wall 17, whereby the pressure disc 12 is displaced in the direction for compressing the spring 15. If during the flight of the projectile the angular speed decreases, the ball 15 will not move to the narrower part of theconical wall 17 as the angle of the cone may be chosen so that a self-locking action is obtained.
  • the pressure disc for compressing the spring 5 should be moved towards the bottom of the cavity the conical wallfor cooperation with the pressure disc must'be directed oppositely to the wall 17 in Fig. '2. If also with said arangement the conical wall is made self-locking the ball 8 in Fig. 2 for locking the striker pin 2 may be omitted.
  • a self-destroying fuze for a rotatable projectile comprising a fuz e body provided with an interior chamber and firing mechanism within said chamber and including a firing device in said chamber movable from a nondetonating to a detonating position, spring means in said chamber urging the firing device toward detonating position, first centrifugally operated locking means in the fuze'body and normally engagable with the firing device for retaining the firing device in non-detonating position but movable in response to rotation of the projectile to free said firing device for movement toward detonating position under the influence of said spring means, second centrifugally actuated locking means caried by said firing device and engagable with a first wall portion of said interior chamber for retaining the firing device in nondetonating position in opposition to said springmeans when said first centrifugally operated locking means is withdrawn from engagement with the firing device, and third centrifugally actuated means in said chamber engaging said spring means and coacting with an inclined member
  • a self-destroying fuze according to claim 2 Wherea in said third centrifugally actuated means includes a recess in the periphery of said pressure member andfacing said inclined Wall portion, and a roll element in said recess and moved by centrifugal force partially out of vice in said chamber movable from a non-detonating to a detonating position, a spring interposed between said pressure member and said firing device for urging the firing device toward detonating positiop, first locking means in,
  • centrifugally actuated locking means cooperative with said firing device and engagable with a wall portion 7 of said interior chamber for retaining the firing device in non-detonating position by centrifugal force in opposition to said spring when said first locking means is withdrawn from engagement with the firing device, a threaded pin fixed in the fuze body upon which the pressure member is mounted, a spiral groove in the portion of the chamber surrounding said pressure member, a roll element carried by said pressure member and moved by centrifugal force to cooperate with the spiral groove to thread the pressure member on the pin toward the firing device for increasing the spring pressure to overcome the action of said centrifugally actuated locking means, whereby the displacement of the pressure member is dependent upon the angular speed of the projectile to tension the spring and provide detonation of
  • a self-destroying fuze for a rotatable projectile comprising a fuze body provided with an interior chamber and firing mechanism within said chamber and including a pressure member movable in said chamber, a firing device including a striker pin movable from a non-detonating to a detonating position, a spring interposed between said 7 pressure member and said firing device to urge the latter
  • said third centrifugally actuated means includes a pressure the recess into engagement with said inclined wall portion to move said pressure member axially toward the firing into detonating position, a locking bolt in the fuze body and spring biased to be normally engagable with the firing device for retaining the firing device in non-detonating position butmovable in response to rotation of the projectile to free said firing device for movement toward detonating position, a wall portion of said interior chamber being inclined inwardly toward the'striker pin, a ball loosely seated in a recess in the periphery of the firing device and movable

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
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US615109A 1956-01-24 1956-10-10 Fuzes having a self-destructive action Expired - Lifetime US2949856A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL351870X 1956-01-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2949856A true US2949856A (en) 1960-08-23

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ID=19785071

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US615109A Expired - Lifetime US2949856A (en) 1956-01-24 1956-10-10 Fuzes having a self-destructive action

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US2949856A (fr)
BE (1) BE551134A (fr)
CH (1) CH351870A (fr)
DE (1) DE1147873B (fr)
FR (1) FR1157292A (fr)
GB (1) GB808197A (fr)
LU (1) LU34669A1 (fr)
NL (2) NL89161C (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3826194A (en) * 1970-01-27 1974-07-30 Us Navy Safety mechanism for military fuzes
US4095529A (en) * 1977-02-17 1978-06-20 General Electric Company Setting ring stop
WO2014106565A1 (fr) * 2013-01-07 2014-07-10 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Mécanisme d'autodestruction pour une fusée

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH663277A5 (en) * 1983-10-19 1987-11-30 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Centrifugal lock on an impact fuze for a spinning projectile

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1999747A (en) * 1933-10-17 1935-04-30 Aragone Carle Projectile
FR807565A (fr) * 1935-02-19 1937-01-15 Anciens Ets Skoda Fusée percutante à relais, comportant un deuxième temps de destruction
US2405653A (en) * 1940-07-09 1946-08-13 Honger Guido Fuse for automatic destruction of shells
US2472821A (en) * 1940-08-03 1949-06-14 Raymond L Graumann Sensitive fuse
US2493278A (en) * 1945-01-17 1950-01-03 Brevets Aero Mecaniques Combined fuse
US2650541A (en) * 1948-05-28 1953-09-01 Rosselet Jean Fuze
FR1096641A (fr) * 1953-12-24 1955-06-22 Dispositif mécanique de commande assurant un retard dans la transmission
FR1099062A (fr) * 1954-02-04 1955-08-30 Projectile à mécanisme d'autoéclatement et à percussion
US2806427A (en) * 1952-06-26 1957-09-17 Mach Tool Works Oerlikon Admin Projectile fuse

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL47175C (fr) * 1936-11-12
FR820273A (fr) * 1937-04-03 1937-11-08 Fusée à giration

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1999747A (en) * 1933-10-17 1935-04-30 Aragone Carle Projectile
FR807565A (fr) * 1935-02-19 1937-01-15 Anciens Ets Skoda Fusée percutante à relais, comportant un deuxième temps de destruction
US2405653A (en) * 1940-07-09 1946-08-13 Honger Guido Fuse for automatic destruction of shells
US2472821A (en) * 1940-08-03 1949-06-14 Raymond L Graumann Sensitive fuse
US2493278A (en) * 1945-01-17 1950-01-03 Brevets Aero Mecaniques Combined fuse
US2650541A (en) * 1948-05-28 1953-09-01 Rosselet Jean Fuze
US2806427A (en) * 1952-06-26 1957-09-17 Mach Tool Works Oerlikon Admin Projectile fuse
FR1096641A (fr) * 1953-12-24 1955-06-22 Dispositif mécanique de commande assurant un retard dans la transmission
FR1099062A (fr) * 1954-02-04 1955-08-30 Projectile à mécanisme d'autoéclatement et à percussion

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3826194A (en) * 1970-01-27 1974-07-30 Us Navy Safety mechanism for military fuzes
US4095529A (en) * 1977-02-17 1978-06-20 General Electric Company Setting ring stop
WO2014106565A1 (fr) * 2013-01-07 2014-07-10 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Mécanisme d'autodestruction pour une fusée

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB808197A (en) 1959-01-28
CH351870A (de) 1961-01-31
BE551134A (fr)
DE1147873B (de) 1963-04-25
LU34669A1 (fr)
NL203904A (fr)
NL89161C (fr)
FR1157292A (fr) 1958-05-28

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