US2944229A - Non-reciprocal electric coupling device - Google Patents

Non-reciprocal electric coupling device Download PDF

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Publication number
US2944229A
US2944229A US694808A US69480857A US2944229A US 2944229 A US2944229 A US 2944229A US 694808 A US694808 A US 694808A US 69480857 A US69480857 A US 69480857A US 2944229 A US2944229 A US 2944229A
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United States
Prior art keywords
coupling
coupling device
core
magnetic
windings
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Expired - Lifetime
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US694808A
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English (en)
Inventor
Vries Gerrit De
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US Philips Corp
North American Philips Co Inc
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US Philips Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
    • H03H7/00—Multiple-port networks comprising only passive electrical elements as network components
    • H03H7/002—Gyrators

Definitions

  • a non-reciprocal electric coupling device which comprises two crossing coils, the winding surfaces of which are arranged at right angles to each other and which surround a common core of high-frequency magnetic material which is prepolarized in a direction parallel to the intersecting line of the winding surfaces.
  • Such a coupling device is indicated in certain cases by the name of gyrator. It has previously been suggested to arrange an external resistor coupling between the input and the output of the coupling device in order to increase the transmission in one direction. This device is not particularly suitable for waves having a wavelength of the order of 50 cms., since-the resistor coupling introduces additional losses and is also difficult to adjust. I I H v The present invention mitigates this disadvantage.
  • the non-reciprocal electric coupling device lkewise comprises two windings crossing at right angles and surrounding a common core of high-frequency material which is prepolarized in a direction parallel to the intersecting line of the winding surfaces.
  • the prepolarizing field has a strength such that the high-frequency magnetic material is in magnetic resonance for a given frequency at which transmission of energy must not take place in one direction, an external purely reactive coupling being provided between the two circuits, having a value such that the resulting coupling factor inone direction is zero for thesaid frequency.
  • Fig. 1 shows two windings 1 and 2, crossing at right angles, which, if desired, may each comprise a single :turn and surround a common core 3 of high-frequency magnetic material, for example of ferrite.
  • the core 3 is prepolarized in vertical direction by means (not shown), for example by means of an electromagnet as indicated by arrow H.
  • One end of each winding is connected via a common impedanceZ to terminals K and K, of the coupling device, the other ends of-the windings being connected to terminals K and K
  • the components 2 B and B of the magnetic inductance in two relatively perpendicular directions at right angles to the prepolarisation H may be expressed in the corresponding components H andH of the magnetic field by the relations:
  • the prepolarising field H has a value such that the magnetic material of the core 3 is in magnetic resonance for the angular frequency w.
  • the permeability ,u is in this case purely real and has a maximum value.
  • the coupling factor M is in this case also real, so that the coupling impedance Z must be reactive. This aifords the advantage that the external coupling does not introduce additional loss and can readily be adjusted, which is important more particularly for comparatively high operating frequencies, since in the case of an ohmic or complex external coupling a variation in the ohmic component would also involve a variation in the reactive component, and conversely.
  • the input terminals K K are connected to a generator GN and the output terminals K K; to a load impedance Z the load on the generator due to the coupling device is.
  • This coupling factor is comparatively high, since the permeability to which the factor M is proportional, is maximum with ferromagnetic resonance.
  • the permeability m is in this case also maximum, that is to say approximately imaginary and in absolutevalue equal to the permeability 1.
  • Y is proportional to the permeability L and R is proportional to the permeability whilst the absolute values ,of a and 1. become approximately equal when the magnetic material is in ferromagnetic resonance, so that Y is also approximately equal to R and hence the transmission output is equal to unity.
  • FIG. 2 is a'plan view.
  • Fig. 3 an elevation view.
  • This embodiment comprises two conductors 1 and 2, crossing at right angles, which are bent around the core 3 of high frequency material and which are connected, at one end, to aconductive base 4. The other ends of the conductors 1 and ,2 are connected to the inner conductors high frequencies for which the device is intended.
  • the strength of the "external coupling 'betweenthe conductorsl and 2 may be varied 'andadjusted to a value such that the total coupling "has an apparent internal impedance of a complex value
  • a non-reciprocal electric coupling device comprising a core of ferromagnetic material exhibiting gyromagnetic resonance, first and second windings positioned to substantially surround said core at mutually right angles with respect to each other, a source of oscillations, a load, means connecting one terminal of said source to one end of said first winding, means connecting one terminal of'said load to one end of said second winding, reactance coupling means, means connecting said reactance means between intermediate points on -said first and second windings and the other terminals of said source and load, and means providing a polarizing field in said core in a direction parallel to the line of intersection of the planes of said two windings, said field having a strength to cause said core to be in a state of magnetic resonance for a given frequency, said coupling means having such a value that there is substantially no electrical coupling in said device in the direction from said second winding to said first winding at said given frequency, whereas there is an electrical coupling in said device in the direction from said first to said
  • a coupling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the value Z of said reactance coupling means satisfies the equation Z'jwM 0, where w is 21:- times said given frequency, and M is the magnetic coupling factor of said windings.
  • said reactance coupling means comprises a first conductor connected between intermediate points on said first and sec- ,ond winding, and a second conductor connected between .a pointon said first conductor and said other terminals of said source.
  • a non-reciprocal electric coupling device comprising a core of ferromagnetic material exhibiting gyromagnetic resonance, a conductive base on one side of said core, first and second conductors on the .opposite side of said core and'crossing each other at right angles, one end of each of said first and second conductors being bent around said core and connected to saidbase, a third conductor joining intermediate points of said first and second conductors, a fourth conductor connected between saidbase and a point on said third conductor, and means providing a polariz'ing field insaid-core between said one and opposite sides :01?
  • said core said field having a strength to cause said core to be in a state of magnetic resonance for a given fre- References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATESPATENTS' OTHER REFERENCES Gianola et al.: Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 27, No. 5, June 1956, pages 608-609.

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  • Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
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US694808A 1956-11-09 1957-11-06 Non-reciprocal electric coupling device Expired - Lifetime US2944229A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL863879X 1956-11-09

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US2944229A true US2944229A (en) 1960-07-05

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US694808A Expired - Lifetime US2944229A (en) 1956-11-09 1957-11-06 Non-reciprocal electric coupling device

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US (1) US2944229A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1041549B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1185886A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB863879A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (2) NL94723C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3010085A (en) * 1958-11-17 1961-11-21 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Isolators in lumped constant systems
US3047821A (en) * 1960-12-27 1962-07-31 Aircraft Armaments Inc Isolator using hall effect gyrator
US3310759A (en) * 1963-05-09 1967-03-21 Nippon Electric Co High frequency circulator comprising a plurality of non-reciprocal ferromagnetic circuits
US3531747A (en) * 1969-03-07 1970-09-29 Melabs Tunable inductor
US3621477A (en) * 1969-07-02 1971-11-16 Philips Corp Three-port circulator comprising only two crossing coils
US4210886A (en) * 1978-09-18 1980-07-01 Motorola, Inc. Isolator having reactive neutralizing means and predetermined angle between input-output windings
US5821830A (en) * 1995-12-13 1998-10-13 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Non-reciprocal circuit element

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3125732A (en) * 1958-11-20 1964-03-17 Resonant isolator composed of a
DE1259421B (de) * 1963-11-29 1968-01-25 Melabs Fa Zirkulator
GB2131627B (en) * 1982-12-03 1987-08-26 Raytheon Co A magnetically tuned resonant circuit

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2647239A (en) * 1947-04-29 1953-07-28 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Passive four terminal network for gyrating a current into a voltage
GB716257A (en) * 1950-09-28 1954-09-29 Philips Electrical Ind Ltd Improvements in or relating to electric impedance networks
US2697759A (en) * 1951-03-01 1954-12-21 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Passive nonreciprocal amplifier coupling network
US2764676A (en) * 1952-09-13 1956-09-25 Philco Corp Gyromagnetic integrator circuit
US2798205A (en) * 1952-05-28 1957-07-02 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Magnetically controllable transmission system
US2802183A (en) * 1954-06-04 1957-08-06 Sanders Associates Inc Microwave modulator
US2811697A (en) * 1953-09-16 1957-10-29 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Magnetoelectric induction devices
US2834943A (en) * 1953-09-16 1958-05-13 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Mechanically coupled electromechanical and magnetomechanical transducers

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE938021C (de) * 1954-04-20 1956-01-19 Patelhold Patentverwertung Einrichtung zur veraenderbaren Kopplung zweier Lecherleitungen

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2647239A (en) * 1947-04-29 1953-07-28 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Passive four terminal network for gyrating a current into a voltage
GB716257A (en) * 1950-09-28 1954-09-29 Philips Electrical Ind Ltd Improvements in or relating to electric impedance networks
US2697759A (en) * 1951-03-01 1954-12-21 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Passive nonreciprocal amplifier coupling network
US2798205A (en) * 1952-05-28 1957-07-02 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Magnetically controllable transmission system
US2764676A (en) * 1952-09-13 1956-09-25 Philco Corp Gyromagnetic integrator circuit
US2811697A (en) * 1953-09-16 1957-10-29 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Magnetoelectric induction devices
US2834943A (en) * 1953-09-16 1958-05-13 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Mechanically coupled electromechanical and magnetomechanical transducers
US2802183A (en) * 1954-06-04 1957-08-06 Sanders Associates Inc Microwave modulator

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3010085A (en) * 1958-11-17 1961-11-21 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Isolators in lumped constant systems
US3047821A (en) * 1960-12-27 1962-07-31 Aircraft Armaments Inc Isolator using hall effect gyrator
US3310759A (en) * 1963-05-09 1967-03-21 Nippon Electric Co High frequency circulator comprising a plurality of non-reciprocal ferromagnetic circuits
US3531747A (en) * 1969-03-07 1970-09-29 Melabs Tunable inductor
US3621477A (en) * 1969-07-02 1971-11-16 Philips Corp Three-port circulator comprising only two crossing coils
US4210886A (en) * 1978-09-18 1980-07-01 Motorola, Inc. Isolator having reactive neutralizing means and predetermined angle between input-output windings
US5821830A (en) * 1995-12-13 1998-10-13 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Non-reciprocal circuit element

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL212080A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL94723C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR1185886A (fr) 1959-08-07
DE1041549B (de) 1958-10-23
GB863879A (en) 1961-03-29

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