US292092A - Guard to hatchways - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

H. J. BLEULER. GUARD To HATGHWAYS.

No. 222,022.v Patented Jam-15, 1884.

@wm/fm (No Model.) v 2 Sheets- Sheet 2.

H.. J. BLEULER.

- GUARD TO HATCHWAYS. No. 292,092. y Patented Jan. l5, l884-.-

N. PETERS Pmm-Lnhogmpher. washington. D. C.

i NrTnn STATES HENRY J. BLEULER, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

AGUARD TO HATCHWAYS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters YPatent No. 292,092, dated January 15, 1884.

Application mea July 30,1883. (No model.)

To all whom, it 77mg concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY J. BLEULER, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented' certain new and useful Improvements in Guards to Hatch- Ways, Src., against Fire, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention pertains to protection against the spread and circulation of fire, smoke, &c.,

1.0 in dwelling-houses and other buildings by way of the openings in the iioors or well at which the stairs or elevators are located.

This invention consists of a door arranged, preferably, at each floor or landing of the sevl eral floors to the well, in combination with mechanism for operating the same, all substantially as hereinafter described7 whereby, in cases of fire, &c., the well can be closed or opened at any floor, as may be desired or found 2o necessary, and from both above and below said iioor.

In the accompanying plate of drawings, in Plate 1, Figure l is a perspective view of a floor to a building and of the stair-opening or 2 5 well through the same and stairs, illustrating a door for opening and closing the well, arranged for operation in accordance with this invention, some parts-being broken out and in vertical section; Fig. 2, a vertical section on line 2 2, Fig. l; Fig. 8, a vertical section on line 3 3, Fig. l. In Plate 2, Fig. et represents a building in vertical cross-section, the well extending th rough the several floors, and having a door for opening and closing the well at each floor, and showing the several doors 4o the iloor below through the well or opening C of the floor.

D is a door for closing and opening the well C at the iioor A. This door D, preferably, is to be made of metal or other non-combustible material or materials, and it is of a size and shapeo fully close said well C when placed in suitable position therefor, as will hereinafter appear. The door D, as shown, is arranged in suitable bearings of the supporting beams or structure J of the floor, and all so that said pinions will engage one with each of the rackbars, and thus Awhen this common shaft H is turned in the one direction slide the door D from under the floor across the well-opening C, and thus close the same, and when said shaft is turned in the opposite direction slide the door under the lioor and from the wellopening, and thus open the same.

To operate the shaft H as above described, the shaft is provided with a pulley, K, at each end, and to eachpulley mechanism is connected, so that from the one pulley the door can be operated from below and from the other above said floor. The mechanism above stated in one instance consists of an endless belt, L, passing about the pulley, and from thence about another pulley, M, turning in a standard or upright, N, upon and above the oor A, and provided with a crank-handle, O, for

operating it. The turningl of the crank-handle O in one direction will, through the pulleys and belt L, connectingsame to the shaft H, carrying the pinions, slide the door in one direction to close with it the well-opening, and the turning of said crank in the opposite direction will slide the door in a direction to open said well-opening. The mechanism in the other instance consists of a belt, P, passing about the pulley K, and from thence over guide pulleys or wheels Q into a position below the floor, to be operated conveniently thereat. Pulling on the belt in one direction and in the opposite direction 'obviously will slide the door in the proper direction in either case to close or open the well-openin g, the same as described from the turning of the crank; but in this instance the door is operated from below, while in the other it is operated from above the floor.

The door preferably is provided with fricroo tion rolls or wheels It, to run upon the guide rails.

to slide horizontally upon parallel horizontal 5o guideways or rails E, and at either end of the well C, and in said slide to travel under the Doors as above described may be arranged at each and every floor of the building, and, if so desired, the connecting mechanism for operating from both above and below the floor at which either door is located may,. as is plain, have its operating belts or ropes so extended through the various floors of the building that the door of any floor can be operated as desired from any other door, and both above and below said floor. Such an arrangement of the doors for the several floors of a building is shown in Fig. 4L, Plate 2. A rope to each door passes vover a separate pulley, M, above the upper floor, R, and a rope extends down through the several floors to the lower floor, S, where each end of these ropes has ahandle, T, by which to pull it. In the tigure the ropes marked with a figure l operate the door at iloor marked R, the ropes marked'2 operate the door at floor marked U, and the ropes marked 3 operate the door at oor marked V, the door to floor U being shown as closed or ,moved over the opening, and the other as open, or away from the opening or well.

rIhe operating belts or ropes.or other devices by which the doors are to be operated, it is preferable to label or mark in a manner to indicate at a glance how and which of the same is to be used to open or close a door, as the case may be-as, for instance, to mark or label them with the words Shut and Open, and,should the operating mechanism be extended through the series of floors, to also label or mark it so as to distinguish the floor-as, for instance, First, Second, Third, Src.

The doors may be made in parts, to slide in directions opposite to each other, and7 meeting, close the well-opening, in which case separate operating mechanism would be necessary for each part.

Obviously, doors arranged to open and close the Well-opening in the iioors of dwelling-houses, Src., as above described, must, in

.cases of ire, Src., if properly handled and manipulated and in due season, act as an advantageous protection against the spread of the iire through the building,while at the same time they offer of themselves no practical obstruction to the escape of the occupants, for the reason that each door is adapted to be operated from both above and below the floor.

It plainly is best that these doors should be arranged to shut as closely as possible the well-opening, and consequently they will thus make guards against the downward ilow of water, which advantage can be still further enhanced by making them of a basin shape, to the better hold or contain the water.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is- 1. A door constructed and arranged in relation to a well-opening, G, in the floors of a building, to close and open the same, in combination with mechanism connected with said door, and extending through the several iloors of the building, to be operated at any one of said iioors, and so as to slide said door either to close or open said well-opening, as the case may be, substantially as and for the purpose specified. L

2. The combination, with a well-opening in the floor of a building, of a door constructed and arranged to slide across said opening, rack-bars F, a shaft, H, gearwheels G, pulley- Wheels K, and ropes L and pulley M, for operation of said door, substantially as and for the purpose specified. v

In testi mony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing wit nesses.

HENRY J. BLEULER.

lllitnesses:

EDWIN W. BROWN, WM. S. BnLLoWs.

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