US2919949A - Slings - Google Patents

Slings Download PDF

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Publication number
US2919949A
US2919949A US369330A US36933053A US2919949A US 2919949 A US2919949 A US 2919949A US 369330 A US369330 A US 369330A US 36933053 A US36933053 A US 36933053A US 2919949 A US2919949 A US 2919949A
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United States
Prior art keywords
ropes
rope
saddle
load
sling
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Expired - Lifetime
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US369330A
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English (en)
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Leslie M Caldwell
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Priority to BE525812D priority Critical patent/BE525812A/xx
Priority to FR1094658D priority patent/FR1094658A/fr
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US369330A priority patent/US2919949A/en
Priority to GB34982/53A priority patent/GB732098A/en
Priority to SE227254A priority patent/SE169695C1/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2919949A publication Critical patent/US2919949A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/12—Slings comprising chains, wires, ropes, or bands; Nets

Definitions

  • This invention relates to slings for use with hoisting equipment generally, and is more particularly concerned with slings which are self-equalizing and adapted to lock automatically to prevent tilting of the load when lifted.
  • a salient feature of the present slings is the' provision of a frame having a grooved saddle portion over which thekwire ropes attached to the load at their ends are slidable as the frame is hoisted, whereby to equalize the sling and lift the load evenly, the grooves in the saddle being inwardly tapered so that the ropes wedge therein under load to prevent slippage, and the saddle being'also equipped with a spring-loaded member at the middle thereof carrying rollers disposed crosswise with respect to the grooves to lift the ropes and free the same after a hoisting job is Vdone and the load is set down, the rollers serving also to assist in the equalizing of the sling by keeping the ropes free to slide one way or the other until the instant that the load is actually being lifted, when, of course, the'ropes will wedge in the grooves to prevent slippage.
  • Another important feature is the provision in connection with the frame of lwedge-blocks for use interchangeably merely as retainers disposed across the outer prtion of the grooves to prevent displacement of the ropes therefrom or as clamps to hold the ropes wedged inthe grooves, positively to prevent slippage, regardless of unequal loading of the legs of the sling, the blocks being provided on opposite sides of the middle portion of the frame where the spring-loaded rope freeing member is located and being used one at a time or both together in the rope clamping position, depending upon the need for special caution to prevent slippage in any given instance.
  • Fig. l is a front view of a sling made in accordance with my invention
  • Bolts for fastening these plates are indicated at 14 extending through holes 15 in plate 13 and threading inholes 16 in plate 12.
  • Inwardly tapered annular shoulders 17 are provided on the plates 12 and 13 to provide the saddle portions mentioned and each of these shoulders defines with one face of the frame 11 a V- shaped groove 1S in which a wire rope or cable 19 is received for wedging engagement to prevent slippage when a large heavy casting or the like that is attached by means of hooks to the loposite ends of the ropes 19 is lifted, so that the load will not shift its position suddenly from a given desired angle.
  • a sling made in accordance with the present invention is hung on the crane hook and the crane operator moves the sling with the crane to a point over the approximate center of gravity of the load. Then the two legs of the sling defined by the two ends of the rope or ropes 19, which have hooks (not shown) provided thereon for that purpose, are attached to the load and then, as the crane hook is raised, the legs of the sling adjust themselves in the grooves 18 to the proper length with respect to the frame 11 and plates 12 and 13 as the lifting starts.
  • the ropes 19 ⁇ are wedged firmly in the V-shaped grooves 18, thereby frictionally locking the sling in adjusted position, so that the load is lifted level or at whatever angle is desired.
  • Fig. 2 is a View partly in section on the line 2-2 of Fig. l and partly in side elevation showing one of the Wedge-blocks in full lines in rope-clamping position and in dotted lines in rope-retaining position;
  • Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3-3'of.Fig. l;
  • Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing a modified or alternative construction
  • Figs. 5 and 6 are sections similar to Figs. 2 and 3, respectively, taken on the lines 5-5 and 6-6, respectively, of Fig. 4;
  • FIG. 7 is a view similar to Figs. 1 and 4 showing still another modified or alternative construction
  • Fig. 8 is a side view of Fig. 7 with the position of the rope 19a indicated only in dotted lines, and
  • Figs. 9 ⁇ and 10 are two views of one of the rope-gripping and retaining plates.
  • Figs. 1 to 3 the reference numeral frame, to the opposite sides of which are bolted wedge- 20 which straddle the arcuate lateral extensions 21' of theY frame 11 and are fastened by bolts 22 threaded in holes 23 provided therefor in the frame radially with respect to said arcuate extensions 21.
  • Two rollers 2S are movable vertically in cored-out portions 29 provided on the inner sides of the plates 12 and 13 on the vertical center line thereof and these rollers engage the ropes 19 on the under-side at the mid-point of their wedging engagement in the grooves 18, as clearly appears in Figs. 1 and 3, and are urged upwardly by means of a coiled compression spring 30 -so as to lift the ropes out of wedging engagement in the grooves and free them when they are no longer under load after a hoisting job is done and the load has been set down.
  • rollers 28 are carried on coaxial trunnions 31 projecting from opposite sides of a cross-head 32 that is rslidable vertically on a bolt 33, the shank of which extends through a vertical hole 34 provided in the cross-head 32, the frame 11 having its middle portion cut away, as indicated at 35, in register with the cored-out portions 29 in the plates 12 and 13' to provide operating clearance for the up and Usually, of course, both blocksY down movement of the cross-head 32, and a hole 36 being provided in the arch 37 over the cut-out portion 35 in the frame 11 to receive the upper end of the bolt 33 and provide support therefor.
  • a nut 38 threaded on the lower end of the bolt 33 and adapted to be pinned or otherwise suitably locked to the bolt in adjusted position against accidental loosening provides abutment for the lower end of the spring 30 and holds this spring caged under a predetermined preload compression, even when the crosshead 32 is disposed at the upper end of the cut-out 35, the purpose being to insure enough spring pressure through rollers 28 in an upward direction on the ropes 19 at the middle of the saddle deiined by the plates 12 and 13 to insure freeing the ropes immediately when the same are not under load.
  • This spring7 pressure in an upward direction on the ropes is obviously also of assistance during the equalization of the sling by keeping the ropes free to slide one way or the other until the instant that the load actually is lifted, when, of course, the ropes become wedged in the grooves 18 to prevent slippage.
  • the upward spring pressure on rollers 28 is, of course, quite small in relation to the weight of most loads lifted.
  • the spring 30 keeps the rollers 28 normally raised with the cross-head 32 in engagement with the upper end of the cut-out portion 35 of frame 11, and, consequently, as the lifting starts, there is enough freedom of the ropes 19 in the grooves 18 to insure equalization of the two legs of the sling before the two legs are placed under tension. Then, as the crane hook continues to rise and the load is eventually lifted, the ropes 19 become more and more firmly wedged in the grooves 18, so that before the load is lifted to any appreciable height there will be no likelihood of the ropes slipping and the Vload changing its angle.
  • the crane operator locates the sling over the approximate center of gravity of the load, and, if he makes a mistake in his estimate the first time and he sees that he is accordingly placing too much load on one leg of the sling, he lowers the load to release the brake action on the ropes and moves the crane hook in the right direction to the correct position and the sling legs readjust themselves in the next lift.
  • the blocks 2i) are disposed like the one shown at the right in Fig. 1, with the legs 27 in retracted position with respect to the grooves 18. Where many identical loads are to be lifted and fixed sling leg lenths are desirable, the blocks 2t) are removed from the position shown at the right in Fig.
  • Figs. 4, and 6 the sling shown in these figures is of closely similar construction in so far as everything but the rope clamping means is concerned, and, therefore, corresponding parts have been identified by the same numerals primed, the frame being numbered 11', wedge plates 12 and 13', and so forth.
  • wedge-blocks 20a are guided in notches 39 provided therefor in the arcuate periphery of the wedge plates 12; and 13 and have bevelled faces 40 arranged for wedging engagement with the upper and outer sid of the ropes 19', as clearly appears in Fig. 5, so that when the blocks 253m are drawn toward each other by the tightening of bolts 22a, the ropes are clamped securely and there is no danger of slippage.
  • Bolts 22a extend freely through holes 41 in the blocks Zita disposed on one side of the frame 11' and through registering holes 42 provided in the frame and are threaded in holes 43 disposed on the other side of the frame 11.
  • the operation is closely similar to that described before except that here the bolts 22a may be loosened when the blocks 20a are to serve only for retaining the ropes 19 in the grooves 18.
  • the bolts 22a may be tightened when many identical loads are to be lifted and the sling leg lengths have once been determined and the operator wants to clamp the ropes to provide iixed sling leg lengths.
  • the bolts are tightened, the ropes 19 are clamped in their wedged position.
  • the sling shown in these views is of much simpler and cheaper construction and designed to use only one wire rope or cable 19a in the groove 18a, there being only one wedge plate 12a bolted to one side of the frame 11a by bolts 14a.
  • the rope 19t.' will wedge in the groove 18a after equalization of the two legs, similarly as in the other forms, and a vertical groove 44 is provided on the inner side of the plate 12a in which a ball 28 is provided seated on a coiled compression spring 34) that is carried on a plug 38 suitably secured in the lower end of the groove.
  • a lug 45 extends from the peripheral portion of the plate at the middle and serves to retain the rope against accidental displacement from the groove 18a and thereby limit upward movement of the ball 28'.
  • there are two rope retaining and locking plates Zibb which when disposed in the full-line position shown in Fig. 7 also serve to retain the rope against displacement from the groove, and these plates may be turned to the position shown in dotted lines and clamped by means of bolts 22b with their angular inner ends 46 in wedging engagement with the rope 19a so as to hold the rope firmly in wedged position.
  • Each plate 20h has a hole 47 therein through which the cooperating bolt 22b extends freely, and holes 48 are provided in the frame 11a for threaded engagement of the bolts 22b therein, so that when the bolts are loosened the plates 2Gb may be turned freely, and then,
  • a sling comprising a liftable load-carrying frame having non-rotatable means defining a substantially semicircular saddle portion thereon supporting the intermediate portion of a rope that is slung thereover and adapted to be attached at its ends at spaced points to an object to be lifted, the saddle portion receiving the rope in a V-shaped groove provided therein wherein the ⁇ rope wedges under load to prevent slippage, said rope being shiftable endwise relative to said frame in said groove by the load before wedging in the groove under load, and means mounted ⁇ on the frame radially outwardly relative to said saddle over the rope serving to retain the rope in the groove and movable inwardly for temporarily forcibly wedging the rope more tightly in the groove than it would otherwise be wedged by reason of the load alone and holding the same in such position, said means being operable manually from the radially outer side of said saddle to secure or release the rope.
  • a sling comprising a liftable load-carrying frame having non-rotatable means defining a substantially semicircular saddle portion thereon supporting the intermediate portion of a rope that is slung thereover throughout an included angle of approximately 90 and adapted to be attached at its ends at spaced points to an object to be lifted, the saddle portion receiving the rope in a V-shaped groove provided therein wherein the rope wedges under load to prevent slippage, and spring pressed means mounted in said saddle under said rope resisting downward movement of the rope into wedged position in the groove adapted to loosen and free the rope from said groove when the rope is no longer under the tension of supporting an object attached to the ends thereof.
  • a sling comprising a liftable load-carrying frame having non-rotatable means defining a substantially semicircular saddle portion thereon supporting the intermediate portion of a rope that is slung thereover throughout an included angle of approximately 90 and adapted to be attached at its ends at spaced points to an object to be lifted, the saddle portion receiving the rope in a V-shaped groove provided therein wherein the rope Wedges under load to prevent slippage, said frame having a single substantially vertical bore provided centrally thereof, the upper end of which opens into the bottom of the V-shaped groove, a single spring-pressed means disposed in said bore arranged to press upwardly on the middle portion of the wedged intermediate portion of the rope from below to loosen and free the same from said groove when the rope has little or no load thereon,
  • said rope beingA shiftable endwise relative to saidframe in said groove by the load before wedging in the groove under load, and means spaced circumferentially of said groove on opposite sides of said spring pressed means and mounted on the frame radially outwardly relative to said saddle over the rope serving to retain the rope in the groove and movable inwardly for temporarily forcibly wedging the rope more tightly in the groove than it would otherwise be wedged by reason of the load alone and holding the same in such position, said means being operable manually from the radially outer side of said saddle to secure or release the rope.
  • a sling comprising a liftable load-carrying frame having non-rotatable means defining a substantially semicircular saddle portion thereon supporting the intermediate portion of a rope that'is slung thereover throughout an included angle of approximately and adapted to be attached at its ends at spaced points to an object to be lifted, the saddle portion receiving the rope in a V-shaped groove provided therein'wherein the rope wedges under load to prevent slippage, a roller disposed in the groove substantiallyV midway between the ends thereof for rotation on an axis transversely thereof and having the rope riding thereon for free movement in either direction in the equalization of the sling preliminary to lifting an object, spring means mounted in said saddle under said roller normally urging said roller upwardly whereby to resist downward movement of the rope into wedged position in the groove and loosen and free the rope from said groovev when the rope is no longer under the tension of supporting an object attached to the ends thereof, saidrope being Ashiftable endwise relative to said frame in said groove by the load before wedging inthe groove under load, and means
  • a sling comprising a liftable load-carrying frame having non-rotatable means defining substantially semicircular saddle portions on opposite sides thereof supporting intermediate portions of a pair of ropes that are slung over these saddle portions throughout an included angle of approximately 90 and are adapted to be attached at their ends at spaced points to an object to be lifted, the two ropes being adapted to support a load in balanced relationship to said frame, the saddle portions receiving the ropes in V-shaped grooves provided therein wherein the ropes wedge under load to prevent slippage, and spring pressed means mounted in said frame approximately at the middle of the aforesaid ninety degree (90) angle and operative substantially radially of the saddle portions against the under side of the ropes resisting downward movement of the ropes into wedged position in the grooves adapted to loosen and free the ropes from the grooves when the ropes are no longer under the tension of supporting an object attached to the ends thereof.
  • a sling comprising a liftable load-carrying frame having non-rotatable means defining substantially semicircular saddle portions on opposite sides thereof supporting intermediate portions of a pair of ropes that are slung over these saddle portions throughout an included angle of approximately 90 and are adapted to be attached at their ends at spaced points to an object to be lifted, the two ropes being adapted to support a load in balanced relationship to said frame, the saddle portions receiving the ropes in V-shaped grooves provided therein wherein the ropes wedge under load to prevent slippage, rollers disposed in the grooves for rotation on an axis transversely thereof and having the ropes riding thereon for free movement in either direction in the equalization of the sling preliminary to lifting an object, a cross-head between the rollers supporting the same for rotation and up and down movement at the middle of the aforesaid 90 angle, and spring means mounted in said saddle under said cross-head normally urging said cross-head upwardly whereby to resist downward movement of the ropes into wedged position in the grooves and loosen and
  • a sling comprising a liftable load-carrying frame having non-rotatable means defining substantially semicircular saddle portions on opposite sides thereof supporting intermediate portions of a pair of ropes that are slung over these saddle portions throughout an included angle of approximately 90 and are adapted to be attached at their ends at spaced points to an object to be lifted, the two ropes being adapted to support a load in balanced relationship to said frame, the saddle portions receiving the ropes in V-shaped grooves provided therein wherein the ropes are slidable in either direction relatively freely before loading but wedge under load to prevent slippage, said ropes being both shiftable endwise relative to said frame in said grooves by the load before wedging in the grooves under load, and means mounted on the frame radially outwardly relative to said saddle over the ropes serving to retain the ropes in the grooves and movable inwardly for temporarily forcibly wedging the ropes more tightly in the grooves than they would otherwise be wedged by reason of the load alone and holding the same in such position, said means being operable manually from
  • a sling comprising a liftable load-carrying frame having non-rotatable means defining substantially semicircular saddle portions on opposite sides thereof supporting intermediate portions of a pair of ropes that are slung over these saddle portions throughout an included angle of approximately and are adapted to be attached at their ends at spaced points to an object to be lifted, the two ropes being adapted to support a load in balanced relationship to said frame, the saddle portions receiving the ropes in V-shaped grooves provided therein wherein the ropes are slidable in either direction relatively freely before loading but wedge under load to prevent slippage, spring pressed means mounted in said saddle under said ropes and mounted in said frame approximately at the middle of the aforesaid ninety degree (90) angle and operative substantially radially of the saddle portions against the under side of the ropes resisting downward movement of the ropes into wedged position in the grooves adapted to loosen and free the ropes from the grooves when the ropes are no longer under the tension of supporting an object attached to the ends thereof, said ropes being shiftable

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
US369330A 1953-07-21 1953-07-21 Slings Expired - Lifetime US2919949A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE525812D BE525812A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1953-07-21
FR1094658D FR1094658A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1953-07-21
US369330A US2919949A (en) 1953-07-21 1953-07-21 Slings
GB34982/53A GB732098A (en) 1953-07-21 1953-12-16 Improvements in or relating to slings
SE227254A SE169695C1 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1953-07-21 1954-03-11

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US369330A US2919949A (en) 1953-07-21 1953-07-21 Slings

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US2919949A true US2919949A (en) 1960-01-05

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US369330A Expired - Lifetime US2919949A (en) 1953-07-21 1953-07-21 Slings

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US (1) US2919949A (enrdf_load_html_response)
BE (1) BE525812A (enrdf_load_html_response)
FR (1) FR1094658A (enrdf_load_html_response)
GB (1) GB732098A (enrdf_load_html_response)
SE (1) SE169695C1 (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3709548A (en) * 1971-08-06 1973-01-09 Caldwell Co Inc Leveling sling
US3837697A (en) * 1972-12-18 1974-09-24 D Goodrich Adjustable multi-leg load-carrying sling apparatus
US4097083A (en) * 1977-06-15 1978-06-27 Roberton & Schwartz, Inc. Adjustable lifting thimble
WO1990015010A1 (en) * 1989-06-09 1990-12-13 Keith Riley Improvements relating to self-levelling devices
US11649145B2 (en) * 2013-12-30 2023-05-16 Manitowoc Crane Companies, Llc Lightweight flexible tensioning system for construction equipment
DE102022002826A1 (de) 2022-08-04 2024-02-15 Heinrich Burgmer Last- Hebe-System ( LHS) / Last- Hebe-Wende-System ( LHWS) /Drehmoment- Differenz-Waage ( DDW) / Drehmoment- Differenz-Waage mit Bremssystem ( DDW*) und Universal- Last-Hebe-System ( ULHS*)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2409224A1 (fr) * 1977-11-22 1979-06-15 Alsthom Atlantique Appareil de manutention equilibreur a auto-serrage pour le levage de charges
SE453588B (sv) * 1985-06-05 1988-02-15 Mats Samuelsson Automatverkande, lasbart lyftblock
CN115369763A (zh) * 2021-05-21 2022-11-22 中铁二十一局集团第一工程有限公司 弧形钢制防护卡槽限位装置

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1222048A (en) * 1916-08-25 1917-04-10 Roeblings John A Sons Co Wire-rope sling and the like.
GB108982A (en) * 1916-11-24 1917-08-30 Arthur Musker Improvements in Systems and Means for the Transferring of Goods from one place to another, and the Stowage or Storing of same.
US2277424A (en) * 1940-10-17 1942-03-24 Earl G White Cable clamp
US2555501A (en) * 1947-12-12 1951-06-05 Kenneth F Morgan Pulley winch
US2620218A (en) * 1948-11-10 1952-12-02 Franklin J Morith Lift
US2623732A (en) * 1949-06-18 1952-12-30 Kenneth F Morgan Pulley winch
US2638184A (en) * 1948-11-08 1953-05-12 Sturdivant Robert Rope locking pulley assembly
US2661231A (en) * 1948-08-25 1953-12-01 Leslie M Caldwell Sling

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1222048A (en) * 1916-08-25 1917-04-10 Roeblings John A Sons Co Wire-rope sling and the like.
GB108982A (en) * 1916-11-24 1917-08-30 Arthur Musker Improvements in Systems and Means for the Transferring of Goods from one place to another, and the Stowage or Storing of same.
US2277424A (en) * 1940-10-17 1942-03-24 Earl G White Cable clamp
US2555501A (en) * 1947-12-12 1951-06-05 Kenneth F Morgan Pulley winch
US2661231A (en) * 1948-08-25 1953-12-01 Leslie M Caldwell Sling
US2638184A (en) * 1948-11-08 1953-05-12 Sturdivant Robert Rope locking pulley assembly
US2620218A (en) * 1948-11-10 1952-12-02 Franklin J Morith Lift
US2623732A (en) * 1949-06-18 1952-12-30 Kenneth F Morgan Pulley winch

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3709548A (en) * 1971-08-06 1973-01-09 Caldwell Co Inc Leveling sling
US3837697A (en) * 1972-12-18 1974-09-24 D Goodrich Adjustable multi-leg load-carrying sling apparatus
US4097083A (en) * 1977-06-15 1978-06-27 Roberton & Schwartz, Inc. Adjustable lifting thimble
WO1990015010A1 (en) * 1989-06-09 1990-12-13 Keith Riley Improvements relating to self-levelling devices
US11649145B2 (en) * 2013-12-30 2023-05-16 Manitowoc Crane Companies, Llc Lightweight flexible tensioning system for construction equipment
DE102022002826A1 (de) 2022-08-04 2024-02-15 Heinrich Burgmer Last- Hebe-System ( LHS) / Last- Hebe-Wende-System ( LHWS) /Drehmoment- Differenz-Waage ( DDW) / Drehmoment- Differenz-Waage mit Bremssystem ( DDW*) und Universal- Last-Hebe-System ( ULHS*)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1094658A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1955-05-23
SE169695C1 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1959-12-08
BE525812A (enrdf_load_html_response)
GB732098A (en) 1955-06-15

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