US2915410A - Dry size and method of making the same - Google Patents

Dry size and method of making the same Download PDF

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Publication number
US2915410A
US2915410A US712661A US71266158A US2915410A US 2915410 A US2915410 A US 2915410A US 712661 A US712661 A US 712661A US 71266158 A US71266158 A US 71266158A US 2915410 A US2915410 A US 2915410A
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United States
Prior art keywords
rosin
size
dry
sizes
paper
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Expired - Lifetime
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US712661A
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English (en)
Inventor
Schneider Alfred
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A SCHNEIDER GmbH
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Individual
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Publication of US2915410A publication Critical patent/US2915410A/en
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/62—Rosin; Derivatives thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
    • D21H17/66—Salts, e.g. alums

Definitions

  • This invention relates to sizes, and more particularly to a dry size for paper and the like, and methods of making the same.
  • the paper In order to render the paper capable of being written on, the paper is sized.
  • the surface of the paper web may be sized with animalglue, casein etc., but in the majority of cases, pulp sizing is resorted towhere the size is di rectly added to the paper pulp prior to the formation of the paper webtherefrom.
  • the preferred size for use in this bulk or pulp sizing method is rosin, saponified by means of an aqueous solution of soda or soda lye, i.e. converted into the sodium rosinate in accordance with the following equations:
  • soda or the sodium hydroxide are used in theoretical amounts, a so called fully saponified rosin size is obtained; if the substances are used in amounts less than those of theory, so called free rosin sizes result wherein a certain amount of non-saponified rosin forms, with the saponified constituents, an emulsion, the saponified constituent, the sodium rosinate, acting as emulsifier.
  • the sizes thus prepared are made in emulsions of about 30-50%, in which form they are either marketed or utilized. Following the addition of the size emulsion to the paper pulp, aluminum sulfate is added to precipitate the rosinate, in accordance with the following equations:
  • liquid rosin sizes which in addition to rosin, contain substantial amounts of hydrocarbons in emulsified form. There has been no suggestion in the prior art, however, that hydrocarbons might be incorporated in dry sizes.
  • kerosene is preferred, but it must not be present in substantially more than 5% by weight calculated on the weight of the rosin, because of its odour.
  • the sodium aluminate is preferably used in an amount of 25% by weight calculated on the weight of the rosin.
  • a dry size of equivalent quality is obtained by melting rosin and kerosene, stirring sodium aluminate into this melt, and comminuting the melt once it has solidified.
  • the invention makes an additional saving in that the size can be used more economically than any of the known sizes, Calculated on the dry substance, the saving obtained from the use of the present sizes, compared with a conventional highest grade rosin size, amounts to at least 30%.
  • the rosin'size according to the invention is bare, for all practical purposes, of any sensitivity to the salts causing the hardness of water, atmospheric moisture and high drying temperatures.
  • the present sizes are thoroughly soluble in cold water. They are quickly and completely distributed throughout the paper pulp, and precipitate in a neutral medium.
  • Example 1 In an open melting vessel having a steam jacket and agitator, of conventional construction, 100 kg. rosin are molten with 2-3 liters kerosene and heated to a temperature not exceeding 95 C. To this melt, 25 kg. dry, filltly ground sodium aluminate are added in portions. Following further agitation for a period of about 15 minutes, the melt obtained is drained. Dependent on the type of rosin used, the melt solidifies completely at about 45-50 C. forming a brittle clinker. This prod uct is finely ground in a hammer mill, sifted and packed in paper bags.
  • the dry size When it is to be used, the dry size is dissolved, before it is added to the paper pulp, in cold water, 70 parts of water being used for 30 parts of the dry size.
  • a suitable colloidal solution is obtained which has an extraordinarily high sizing action.
  • About 300-500 g. aluminum sulfate are used per 1 kg. dry size.
  • Example 2 100 kg. rosin in the form of small lumps are mixed with 2 liters kerosene and ground with 25 kg. sodium aluminate in a ball mill, the powder obtained is sifted and packed.
  • this dry size is equivalent to the size made in accordance with Example 1.
  • the powder is somewhat more hygroscopic.
  • Example 3 100 kg. rosin are mixed with 2 kg. kerosene and 25 kg. sodium aluminate. The size powder obtained is sub- 2,91a,41o H 4 sequently fritted at about C. On cooling, a clinker is obtained which is finely ground.
  • the finished dry size product has the same properties as the product according to Example 1.
  • Example 4 100 kg. rosin are finely ground with 2 kg. kerosene and 25 kg. sodium aluminate, and kneaded in a kneader with 30 liters water. The dough thus formed is dried at about 80 C. and milled.
  • the dry size thus produced is somewhat more expensive than the products according to the preceding examples, because of the drying process. It ha however the advantage that it is not required to be dissolved prior to use in the paper mill but may be added to the paper pulp in the dry state. The sizing action is the same as with the products of the preceding examples.
  • Example 5 100 kg. rosin are most finely ground and together with 2 liters kerosene and 25 kg. sodium aluminate, dissolved in 250 liters cold water in a vessel provided with an agitator. A dispersion is obtained which is dried on a roller drier or in a spray drier, to be subsequently milled. This dry size also can be added to the paper pulp in the dry state, i.e. without requiring any previous dissolution. This procedure, however, though simple, is even more costly than that of Example 4, because of the large quantity of water to be evaporated.
  • the method of making a dry rosin size comprising mixing rosin with about 0.5 to 5 percent by Weight, calculated on the weight of the rosin, of kerosene, and about 15 to 30 percent by weight, calculated on the weight of the rosin, of sodium aluminate.
  • kerosene is used in an amount of 2 percent by weight, calculated on the weight of the rosin, and sodium aluminate in an amount of 25 percent by Weight, calculated on the weight of the rosin.
  • a dry rosin size particularly adapted for use in paper sizing obtained by the method of claim 1.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
US712661A 1957-02-04 1958-02-03 Dry size and method of making the same Expired - Lifetime US2915410A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH813739X 1957-02-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2915410A true US2915410A (en) 1959-12-01

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US712661A Expired - Lifetime US2915410A (en) 1957-02-04 1958-02-03 Dry size and method of making the same

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US2915410A (et)
BE (1) BE564483A (et)
CH (1) CH352081A (et)
DE (1) DE1036429B (et)
GB (1) GB813739A (et)
NL (1) NL100252C (et)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4591412A (en) * 1982-12-08 1986-05-27 Giulini Chemie Gmbh Means and method for neutral sizing

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3245390C1 (de) * 1982-12-08 1984-01-26 Giulini Chemie Gmbh, 6700 Ludwigshafen Mittel und Verfahren zur Neutralleimung
DE3400019C2 (de) * 1984-01-02 1985-10-31 Giulini Chemie Gmbh, 6700 Ludwigshafen Verbessertes Mittel zur Neutralleimung von Papier, Karton und Pappen sowie ein Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4591412A (en) * 1982-12-08 1986-05-27 Giulini Chemie Gmbh Means and method for neutral sizing

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB813739A (en) 1959-05-21
BE564483A (et)
DE1036429B (de) 1958-08-14
CH352081A (de) 1961-02-15
NL100252C (et)

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