US2907899A - Deflection circuit - Google Patents

Deflection circuit Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2907899A
US2907899A US753062A US75306258A US2907899A US 2907899 A US2907899 A US 2907899A US 753062 A US753062 A US 753062A US 75306258 A US75306258 A US 75306258A US 2907899 A US2907899 A US 2907899A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
diodes
transistor
diode
transistors
emitter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US753062A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Louis J Kabell
Earle D Jones
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AB Dick Co
Original Assignee
AB Dick Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL241970D priority Critical patent/NL241970A/xx
Application filed by AB Dick Co filed Critical AB Dick Co
Priority to US753062A priority patent/US2907899A/en
Priority to GB25370/59A priority patent/GB865171A/en
Priority to FR801844A priority patent/FR1234906A/fr
Priority to DED31224A priority patent/DE1206951B/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2907899A publication Critical patent/US2907899A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11C—STATIC STORES
    • G11C11/00—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor
    • G11C11/21—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using electric elements
    • G11C11/23—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using electric elements using electrostatic storage on a common layer, e.g. Forrester-Haeff tubes or William tubes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R13/00—Arrangements for displaying electric variables or waveforms
    • G01R13/20—Cathode-ray oscilloscopes
    • G01R13/22—Circuits therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G1/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with cathode-ray tube indicators; General aspects or details, e.g. selection emphasis on particular characters, dashed line or dotted line generation; Preprocessing of data
    • G09G1/04—Deflection circuits ; Constructional details not otherwise provided for
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M1/00—Analogue/digital conversion; Digital/analogue conversion
    • H03M1/12—Analogue/digital converters
    • H03M1/22—Analogue/digital converters pattern-reading type
    • H03M1/32—Analogue/digital converters pattern-reading type using cathode-ray tubes or analoguous two-dimensional deflection systems

Definitions

  • An object of this invention is to provide a simple circuit arrangement for producing deflection voltages for cathode-ray tube beam deflection.
  • Another object of the present invention is the provision of an inexpensive circuit arrangement for producing stable deflection voltages in response to digital input signals for deflecting the cathode-ray beam.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is the provision of a novel circuit arrangement which can produce stable deflection voltages for a cathode-ray oscilloscope.
  • a first and second series string of diodes are connected to a first and second constantcurrent source.
  • a constant-current source To opposite deflection plates of the cathode-ray tube to which the voltages are to be applied are respectively connected between a constant-current source and the series string of diodes.
  • a switch for each diode which is connected to bridge each diode.
  • the diodes are all connected to the constantcurrent sources with a polarity so that a sufiicient current flow in the back direction develops the characteristic back voltage drop of a diode.
  • When a switch is closed it bypasses the current around its associated diode, thus eliminating the back voltage drop of that diode.
  • a switch When a switch is opened, the current flows through the associated diode, establishing the back voltage drop thereacross.
  • Transistors are preferred as switches, and each one is accordingly connected across a diode to bypass current around it when rendered conductive.
  • Each diode in the first series string of diodes has an associated diode in the second series string of diodes. Means are provided whereby it is possible to apply a pulse simultaneously to a transistor coupled across one of the diodes in the first diode string and to a transistor coupled across the associated one of the diodes in the second transistor string to change their states of conduction. Thereby, the back voltage drops of diodes in the first and second series 2,907,899 Patented Oct. 6, 1959 strings may be applied or removed to establish desired values of deflection voltages on the cathode-ray tube deflection plates.
  • I Figure l is a circuit diagram of one embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a circuit of the invention.
  • An arrangement is shown for providing deflection voltages in response to signals on six input channels so that the cathode-ray tube beam may be positioned to one of 64 positions on an 8 x 8 matrix (zero signal input being considered as one input).
  • Three of the six channels are decoded to determine one of eight horizontal deflection positions. A circuit for this is shown in detail. The remaining three channels are decoded to give one of eight vertical deflection positions. This requires identical circuitry with that shown for the horizontal deflection voltage generator and therefore is shown in block diagram form for simplicity.
  • FIG. 1 a circuit diagram of an embodiment of this invention is shown in which there are provided two constant current sources l0, 12. These comprise pentode tubes, respectively having cathode bias resistors 14, 16, and having their grids returned to ground through resistors 18, 24). The screen grids are connected to a source of grid potential through resistors 22 and 24. As a result, the pentode tubes 10, 12 are maintained conductive.
  • these tubes were biased to provide a direct current of five milliamperes to their associate networks.
  • the associated networks for the tube 10 includes a first series diode string having reference diodes 3d, 32, 34. These are connected in series, anode to cathode, and backwards between a source of positive potential and through a potentiometer 36 to the anode of tube 10. A sutficient current flow through a diode is provided to develop its characteristic back voltage drop.
  • a compensating capacitor 38 is connected between one end of the potentiometer and the anode of tube 10. The other end of potentiometer 36 is connected to 13+ through a resistor 39.
  • a transistor is provided for each one of the diodes 30, 32, 34 in the series string.
  • Each one of these transistors 40, 42, 44 has its emitter connected to the cathode of the diode with which it is associated and its collector connected to the anode of the diode with which it is associated.
  • the emitter of transistor 40 is also connected to the source of B+, and the collector of the transistor 44 is connected to one end of the potentiometer 36.
  • a second series string of reference diodes 3t), 32, 34' is provided, each one of which is associated with and has substantially identical characteristics as the corresponding diodes 30, 32, 34 in the first series string.
  • These diodes are connected in like manner between the B+ source and the plate of tube 12 through a potentiometer 36'. These diodes also develop their characteristic back voltage drop when a sufficient current flows through them.
  • the other end of the potentiometer 36' is connected to B+ through a resistor 39'.
  • capacitor 38' is also connected between the other end o the potentiometer 3:6 and the anode of tube 12.
  • Transistors 4t), 42' and 44 respectively have their emitters and collectors connected to the cathode and anode of the associated diodes 3%, 32' and 34'. As a result, the emitter of transistor an is connected to 13+ and the collectors of transistor 44 are connected to the potentiometer 36.
  • the arrangement employed for the transistors is such that in the quiescent state, the transistors associated with the first series string of diodes are not conducting, and a constant current flows through the reference voltage diodes, and develops their characteristic back voltages. In an embodiment of the invention which was built, these characteristic back voltages were respectively 10 volts for diode 20 volts for diode 32, and 40 volts for diode 30. In the quiescent state, the transistors 41), 4-2, and 44 are biased to conduct heavily with the result that no reference current flows through the reference diode 30, 32, and 3d.
  • the circuit arrangements for obtaining nonconduction for the transistors 40, d2, 44, as shown in the drawing, comprise a resistor d, which connects the base of transistor 40 to one side of the first secondary winding 56 of a transformer 52. The other side of the secondary winding 56 is connected to the emitter of the transistor 4%. In the absence of any input signal being applied to the transformer 52, the emitter and base of the transistor 4% are essentially at the same potential, and therefore the transistor is cut oil.
  • Transistors 42 and 44 are similarly connected respectively to the secondary windings 66 and '76 of the transformers 62 and 72, with the base being connected through a resistor 69, '76, respectively, and the emitters through direct connection.
  • a third winding d3, '78, for each one of the transformers, respectively '52, d2, 72, is provided for applying signals to the transistors 4h, 42', 44', respectively.
  • the respective emitters of transistors 4d, 42, and 44- are respectively coupled through parallel connected resistors 57, 67', 77', and condensers 59, 69', and '79 to one side of the windings 58.
  • the bases of the respective transistors dd, 42, and 4d are directly connected to the other side of the respective windings 53, 63, and '78.
  • a source of negative bias potential is coupled to each one of the bases of these transistors through respective resistors 61, 71, and S1.
  • the value of the negative po tential employed is such as to insure that the transistors 40', 42, and 44' in the quiescent condition are conducting heavily.
  • the sense of the coupling of the windings of the transformers is such that signals from the source of digital input signals 82, which are applied to any one or combination of primary windings 54, 64, 74' will render the transistors 46 42, 44 (which are coupled to the transformers receiving a pulse) highly conducting, while the associated transistors 4d, 42', 44' (coupled to the transformers to which the pulse is applied) are cut oil.
  • the left one of the pair of deflecting electrodes 84 was at a potential of 13+ 70 volts
  • the right one of this pair of deflection electrodes was at a potential of B-l- 0 volts.
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of another embodiment of the invention.
  • the arrangement shown in Figure 2 is one wherein all the transistors 1%, H2104, 109', 102', and 104' are connected to be nonconductive in the quiescent condition and to be made conductive in associated pairs Mill-109, 1tl2-1h2', 1tl41tl4' upon the application of a pulse to the primary windings of transformers 120, 122, 124.
  • the series diode string 110, 112, 114 is connected between a 3+ source and a constant currentgenorator with a polarity so that the.
  • the diodes lit), 112', 114 of the second series string are connected between ground and a constant current generator with a polarity so that the potential of the right deflector 84 of the cathode-ray tube will become less positive when current is bypassed around one of these diodes, removing its back voltage drop from the active element potential ladder to which this deflector is connected.
  • the transistor Hill has its emitter connected to 13+, to the cathode of diode 116, and to one end of one secondary winding 1203 of transformer 1'20.
  • the base of transistor 160 is connected through a resistor 101 to the other side of secondary winding 12493.
  • the collector of transistor ltitl is connected to the emitter of transistor 102, to the anode of diode 110, to the cathode of diode 112, and to one end of secondary winding 122B.
  • the base of transistor 1&2 is connected through a resistor 1 03 to the other end of secondary winding 1223.
  • the emitter of transistor 104 is connected to the collector of transistor 102, to the anode of diode 1112, to the cathode of diode 114, and to one end of secondary winding 12413.
  • the base of transistor 104 is connected through a resistor 195 to the other end of secondary winding 124B.
  • the collector of transistor 104 is connected to the anode of diode 104, a deflection plate 84, and to the constant current generator.
  • transistor 130 having its collector connected to the collector of transistor 1M its base connected to B+ through a limiting resistor 132, and its emitter connected through a resistor 136 to ground.
  • a diode has its anode connected to ground and its cathode connected to the base of transistor i130.
  • the diode 138 is connected so that a back voltage drop is developedacross it which serves to bias transistor 130 to be conductive. 1
  • Transistor 106' has its collector connected to ground and to the anode of diode 116*.
  • the base of transistor 109' is connected through resistor 1'01 to one end of secondary winding 120C.
  • the emitter of transistor is connected to the other end of secondary winding 120C,
  • the base of transistor 102 is connected through a resistor 103' to one end of secondary winding 122C.
  • the emitter of transistor 102 is connected to the cathode of diode 112, to the anode of diode 114', to the collector of transistor 104', and to the other end of secondary winding 122C.
  • the base of transistor 104 is connected through a resistor 105' to one end of a secondary winding 124C.
  • the emitter of transistor 164' is connected to the other end of secondary winding 124C, to the cathode of diode 114', to the other deflector 84, and to a second constant current generator.
  • This includes a PNP-type transistor 140 having its collector connected to the emitter of transistor 104, its base connected through a resistor 142 to ground, and its emitter connected through a limiting resistor 146 to 13+.
  • a diode 148 is connected with reverse polarity between base and B+ so that its constant back voltage drop can be obtained and used for biasing the transistor 140 to be conductive.
  • the source of digital input signals 82 and the deflection voltage generator 88 perform the same functions and represent the same structure as represented in Figure 1.
  • a circuit for producing stable voltages in response to digital input signals comprising a first and second plurality of diodes each having an anode and cathode, means connecting said first plurality of diodes in a first series string with the anode of one diode being connected to the cathode of another diode, means connecting said second plurality of diodes in a second series string with the anode of one diode being connected to the cathode of another diode, a first and second plurality of switch means, means for connecting each of said first plurality of switch means in parallel with a different one of said first plurality of diodes, means for connecting each of said second plurality of switch means in parallel with a different one of said second plurality of diodes, a first constant current source, a second constant current source, means for connecting said first series string to said first constant current source to develop the characteristic back voltages of said first plurality of diodes upon current flow therethrough, means for connecting said second series string to said second constant current source to develop the characteristic back
  • each said first and second constant current sources respectively comprise a transistor, and means for biasing said transistor for conduction with a constant bias; and each said first and second pluralities of switch means includes a transistor, and means for controlling the conductive state of each transistor in response to said digital input signals.
  • each said first and second constant current sources respectively comprise tubes, and means for biasing said tubes for conduction with constant'current; and each said first and second plurality of switch means includes a transistor, and means for controlling the conductive state of each transistor in response to said digital input signals.
  • a circuit for producing stable voltages in response to digital input signals comprising a first and second plurality of diodes each having an anode and cathode, means connecting said first plurality of diodes in a first series string with the anode of one diode being connected to the cathode of another diode, means connecting said second plurality of diodes in a second series string with the anode of one diode being connected to the cathode of another diode, a first and second plurality of transistors each transistor having base, emitter and collector elements, means for connecting the emitter and collector of each transistor in said first plurality of transistors to the respective cathode and anode of a different diode in said first plurality of diodes, means for connecting the emitter and collector of each transistor in said second plurality of transistors to the respective cathode and anode of a different diode in said second plurality of diodes, a first and second constant current source, means for connecting said first series string to said first constant
  • a circuit for producing stable voltages as recited in claim 4 wherein said means for selectively and simultaneously applying said digital input signals between the emitter and base transistors in said first and second pluralities of transistors to control the conductive state of said transistors in response to said digital input signals includes a plurality of transformers each having a primary winding and a first and second secondary winding, means coupling each said first secondary winding between the emitter and base of a different one of said first plurality of transistors, means for coupling each said second secondary winding between the emitter and base of a different one of said second plurality of transistors, and means for applying said digital input signals to said primary windings.
  • said first constant current source includes an NPN-type transistor, having a collector connected to said first series string, a base, and an emitter, and means for applying a constant bias to said base including a resistor and a diode connected to said resistor to provide its characteristic back voltage upon current flow therethrough; said second constant current source cluding a resistor and a diode connected to said resistor to provide its characteristic back voltage upon current flow therethrough.
  • a circuit for producing stable deflection voltages in response to digital input signals comprising a first plurality of diodes, a second plurality of diodes, each of said second plurality of diodes being associated with a difierent one of the diodes in said first plurality of diodes, a first and second constant current source, means for connecting said first and second pluralities .of diodes respectively in series strings and to said first and second constant current sources to develop the characteristic back voltages of said diodes upon current :fiow there through, a plurality of normally open switch means each of which is connected in parallel with a diflferent one of the diodes in said first plurality of diodes, a plurality of normally closed switch means each of which is connected in parallel with a different one of the diodes in said second plurality of diodes, means for selectively applying digital signals simultaneously to a normally open and normally closed switch means coupled to associated diodes in said first and second plurality of diodes to close a normally open switch means and
  • each said normally open switch means includes a transistor, and means biasing said transistor to be nonconductive; and each. said normally closed switch means includes a transistor, and means biasing said transistor to be conductive.
  • a circuit for producing stable deflection voltages in response to digital input signals comprising a first plurality of diodes, a second plurality of diodes each of which is associated with a different one of said first plurality of diodes, a first and second constant current source, means for coupling said first and second pluralities of diodes in series strings respectively to said first and secndv constant current sources to develop the characteristic back voltages of said diodes upon current flow therethrough a diiferent transistor for and associated with each diode in said first and second pluralities of diodes, each said transistor having a base, emitter and collector element, means connecting each diode to the emitter and collector of its associated transistor, means for biasing the transistors connected to said first plurality of diodes to be nonconductive, means for biasing the transistors connected to said second plurality of diodes to be conductive, means for applying digital input signals selectively and simultaneously to the transistors connected to associated diodes in said first and second pluralities of diodes for rendering conductive the nonconductive transistor and rendering
  • a circuit for producing stable deflection voltages in response to digital input signals comprising a first plurality of diodes, a second plurality of diodes each of which ing a base, emitter and collector element, means connecting each diode to the emitter and collector of its associated transistor, a plurality of transformers each having an input and a first and second output Winding means coupling each one of said first output windings between the base and emitter of a difierent one of said transistors associated with said first plurality of diodes, means coupling each one of'said second output windings between the base and emitter of a different one of said transistors associated with said second plurality of diodes, means to apply a bias toeach of said transistors associated with said second plurality of diodes to render each of them conductive, means for applying digital inputsignals to desired ones of said transformer input windings to respectively render conductive and nonconductive transistors connected to their first and second output windings, and means to derive an-output fromthe connections between
  • a circuit for producing stable deflection voltages in response to digital input signals comprising a first plurality of diodes, a second plurality of diodes each of said second plurality of diodes being associated with one of said first plurality of diodes, a first and second plurality of transistors respectively associated with said first and second plurality of diodes each transistor having an emitter, collector and base element, means connecting each diode across the emitter and collector of an associated transistor in a nonconductive direction, a first and second tube, a first and second load resistor respectively connected to said first and second tubes, means respectively connecting said first and second pluralities of diodes across said first and second load resistors, a plurality of transformers each having an input and a first and second output winding, means coupling each one of said first output windings between the base and emitter of a different one of said transistors associated with said first plurality of diodes, means coupling each one of said second output is associated with a different one of said first plurality of windings between the base and
  • a circuit for producing stable deflection voltages in response to digital input signals comprising a plurality of transformers each having an input winding to which digital input signals are applied and a first and second output winding, a first and second plurality of transistors each having a base, emitter and collector element, means coupling the base and emitter of each of said first plurality of transistors to a different one of said first output windings, means coupling the base and emitter of each of said second plurality of transistors to a different one of said second output windings, means biasing the transistors in said second plurality .to be conductive, a separate diodefor each transistor, means coupling each diode across the emitter and collector of a.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
  • Video Image Reproduction Devices For Color Tv Systems (AREA)
  • Vessels, Lead-In Wires, Accessory Apparatuses For Cathode-Ray Tubes (AREA)
US753062A 1958-08-04 1958-08-04 Deflection circuit Expired - Lifetime US2907899A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL241970D NL241970A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1958-08-04
US753062A US2907899A (en) 1958-08-04 1958-08-04 Deflection circuit
GB25370/59A GB865171A (en) 1958-08-04 1959-07-23 Digital-to-analogue converter
FR801844A FR1234906A (fr) 1958-08-04 1959-08-03 Circuits de déflexion pour la commande des tubes à rayons cathodiques
DED31224A DE1206951B (de) 1958-08-04 1959-08-03 Spannungsteiler zur Erzeugung analoger Ausgangsspannungen

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US753062A US2907899A (en) 1958-08-04 1958-08-04 Deflection circuit

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2907899A true US2907899A (en) 1959-10-06

Family

ID=25028994

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US753062A Expired - Lifetime US2907899A (en) 1958-08-04 1958-08-04 Deflection circuit

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2907899A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1206951B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1234906A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB865171A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL241970A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3056891A (en) * 1959-09-16 1962-10-02 Dick Co Ab Digital pulse-translating circuit
US3153781A (en) * 1959-01-30 1964-10-20 Burroughs Corp Encoder circuit
US3177372A (en) * 1960-06-30 1965-04-06 Gisholt Machine Co Constant power dissipating circuit
US3356898A (en) * 1964-11-19 1967-12-05 Paul K Dano Xy glow lamp display with switch from igniting to holding voltage
US3381290A (en) * 1964-09-17 1968-04-30 Ibm Function generator system
US3391300A (en) * 1965-10-28 1968-07-02 Ibm Skew corrected deflection circuit

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT536780A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1954-06-16

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3153781A (en) * 1959-01-30 1964-10-20 Burroughs Corp Encoder circuit
US3056891A (en) * 1959-09-16 1962-10-02 Dick Co Ab Digital pulse-translating circuit
US3177372A (en) * 1960-06-30 1965-04-06 Gisholt Machine Co Constant power dissipating circuit
US3381290A (en) * 1964-09-17 1968-04-30 Ibm Function generator system
US3356898A (en) * 1964-11-19 1967-12-05 Paul K Dano Xy glow lamp display with switch from igniting to holding voltage
US3391300A (en) * 1965-10-28 1968-07-02 Ibm Skew corrected deflection circuit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB865171A (en) 1961-04-12
DE1206951B (de) 1965-12-16
NL241970A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1900-01-01
FR1234906A (fr) 1960-07-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3110802A (en) Electrical function generators
US2484226A (en) Indicating circuit
US3194985A (en) Multiplexing circuit with feedback to a constant current source
US2907899A (en) Deflection circuit
US3588530A (en) Computer circuit
US4307305A (en) Precision rectifier circuits
US3125693A (en) Constant
US2782303A (en) Switching system
US3150271A (en) Transistor pump circuit with time constant multiplier
US3444393A (en) Electronic integrator circuits
US2620455A (en) Cathode-ray oscillograph circuit
US2995305A (en) Electronic computer multiplier circuit
US3074020A (en) Bistable multivibrator which changes states in response to a single limited range, variable input signal
US2663002A (en) Attenuator for seismic gain control
US3582689A (en) Current conveyor with virtual input reference potential
US2867723A (en) Electronic switching apparatus
US3247397A (en) Digital-to-analog converter
DE1921936A1 (de) Elektrischer Schaltkreis,insbesondere Differentialverstaerkerstufe
US3599013A (en) Squaring and square-root-extracting circuits
US3526786A (en) Control apparatus
GB817901A (en) Electronic switches and analogue computers incorporating the same
US3551694A (en) Fluid flow simulation apparatus
US2668272A (en) Voltage regulator
US3974400A (en) Limiter circuit
US3109944A (en) Positive blanking circuit with isolation capacitor to prevent input overload