US2902367A - Photographic developer antioxidant - Google Patents

Photographic developer antioxidant Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2902367A
US2902367A US705145A US70514557A US2902367A US 2902367 A US2902367 A US 2902367A US 705145 A US705145 A US 705145A US 70514557 A US70514557 A US 70514557A US 2902367 A US2902367 A US 2902367A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
sodium
developer
photographic
hydroquinone
liter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US705145A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Laurence G Welliver
Jerry S Krizka
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GAF Chemicals Corp
Original Assignee
General Aniline and Film Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE572846D priority Critical patent/BE572846A/xx
Application filed by General Aniline and Film Corp filed Critical General Aniline and Film Corp
Priority to US705151A priority patent/US3042521A/en
Priority to US705145A priority patent/US2902367A/en
Priority to DEG26026A priority patent/DE1093205B/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2902367A publication Critical patent/US2902367A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D263/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings
    • C07D263/52—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D263/54—Benzoxazoles; Hydrogenated benzoxazoles
    • C07D263/58—Benzoxazoles; Hydrogenated benzoxazoles with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached in position 2
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D263/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings
    • C07D263/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings
    • C07D263/30—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D263/34—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D263/46—Sulfur atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D277/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings
    • C07D277/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D277/62—Benzothiazoles
    • C07D277/68—Benzothiazoles with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached in position 2
    • C07D277/70—Sulfur atoms
    • C07D277/74—Sulfur atoms substituted by carbon atoms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
    • G03C1/06—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with non-macromolecular additives
    • G03C1/34—Fog-inhibitors; Stabilisers; Agents inhibiting latent image regression
    • G03C1/346—Organic derivatives of bivalent sulfur, selenium or tellurium
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
    • G03C5/26—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor
    • G03C5/29—Development processes or agents therefor
    • G03C5/305—Additives other than developers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improvement in photographic developer solutions, particularly those used in the graphic arts which are characterized by a low sulfite content.
  • Sodium sulfite which is the antioxidant and stabilizing agent commonly used in developing solutions, must be omitted entirely or used only in very small amounts in the graphic arts types of developers, since a quantity sufficient to prevent oxidation would impair the gradation or destroy the proper developing action of the developer.
  • boron acid including boron anhydride, boric acid, the polyboric acids and the water soluble salts of such boron acids as illustrated by orthoboric acid, metaboric acid, boric anhydride, sodium metaborate or sodium tetraborate, particularly borax.
  • boron acid including boron anhydride, boric acid, the polyboric acids and the water soluble salts of such boron acids as illustrated by orthoboric acid, metaboric acid, boric anhydride, sodium metaborate or sodium tetraborate, particularly borax.
  • the optimum concentration of the boron compound expressed in terms of boric acid lies in the range of from 5 to 25 grams per liter, an amount of from 10 to 20 grams per liter being preferred.
  • boric acid the equivalent weights (molar equivalents) of alkali metal salts of boric acid such as borax or sodium metaborate are equally effective.
  • the oxidation inhibiting action of borate ions is very selective; it is limited to developers which contain hydroquinone as the sole developing agent and ineffective with the other hydroxybenzene developing agents such as pyrogallol and catechol. It is also ineifective in the presence of other conventional agents such as metol and phenidone which are often used in combination with hydroquinone.
  • the stabilizing action of boron compounds likewise drops off sharply as the concentration of sodium sulfite is increased while the stabilizing action is still efi icient at a concentration of 5.0 grams of sodium sulfite per liter; it is virtually nonexistent when the sodium sulfite concentration exceeds 10.0 grams per liter.
  • the developers which are contemplated herein contain as their essential components hydroquinone as sole developing agent, an alkali such as sodium carbonate either alone or together with sodium hydroxide and an antifogging agent taken from the group of alkali metal bromides. They contain also a very small amount of sulfite, not exceeding 5.0 grams per liter, either through direct additions or furnished through the partial dissociation of formaldehyde-bisulfite which is used in lithographic developers. The amount of suliite present in lithographic developers prepared from formaldehyde-bisulfite is determined by a quantitative analysis and expressed in terms of anhydrous sulfite and was found not to exceed 1.5 grams per liter.
  • This developer was stored in an open tray and after four hours showed no significant changes in photographic characteristics due to aerial oxidation.
  • a type developer prepared without boric acid but otherwise identical and having the same photographic properties was stored under the same conditions and for the same length of time, the solution turned dark brown and its photographic activity was virtually destroyed.
  • Example III Grams Hydroquinone 22.5 Sodium su-lfite 5.0 Sodium carbonate, monohydrate 75.0 Borax- 15.0 Potassium bromide 3.0 Water to make 1.0 liter.
  • Example IV Grams Hydroquinone. 15.0 Formaldehyde bisulfite 50.0 Sodium. carbonate 20.0 Sodium metaborate 20.0 Potassium bromide 1.5 Water to. make 1.0 liter.
  • This developer can be used in an open tray for an entire working day of eight hours without deterioration due to aerial oxidation.
  • the metaborate was omitted from. the formula, the solution turned dark brown and it's photographic activity was virtually destroyed after four hours.
  • Example V Grams Hydroquinone 15.0 Formaldehyde bisulfite 40.0 Sodium: carbonate, monohydrate 70.0 Sodium bromide 1.0 Boric anhydride 8.0 Water to make 1.0 liter.
  • Example VI Grams Hydroquinone 15,0 Formaldehyde bisulfite 45.0 Sodium. carbonate, monohydrate 55.0 Borax. 17 Sodium bromide 1,1 Water to make 1.0 liter.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Thiazole And Isothizaole Compounds (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
US705145A 1957-12-26 1957-12-26 Photographic developer antioxidant Expired - Lifetime US2902367A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE572846D BE572846A (sr) 1957-12-26
US705151A US3042521A (en) 1957-12-26 1957-12-26 Antifoggants and stabilizers for photographic silver halide emulsion
US705145A US2902367A (en) 1957-12-26 1957-12-26 Photographic developer antioxidant
DEG26026A DE1093205B (de) 1957-12-26 1958-12-23 Antischleier- und Stabilisierungsmittel fuer lichtempfindliches photographisches Material

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US705151A US3042521A (en) 1957-12-26 1957-12-26 Antifoggants and stabilizers for photographic silver halide emulsion
US705145A US2902367A (en) 1957-12-26 1957-12-26 Photographic developer antioxidant

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2902367A true US2902367A (en) 1959-09-01

Family

ID=27107440

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US705151A Expired - Lifetime US3042521A (en) 1957-12-26 1957-12-26 Antifoggants and stabilizers for photographic silver halide emulsion
US705145A Expired - Lifetime US2902367A (en) 1957-12-26 1957-12-26 Photographic developer antioxidant

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US705151A Expired - Lifetime US3042521A (en) 1957-12-26 1957-12-26 Antifoggants and stabilizers for photographic silver halide emulsion

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (2) US3042521A (sr)
BE (1) BE572846A (sr)
DE (1) DE1093205B (sr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3030209A (en) * 1958-07-02 1962-04-17 Eastman Kodak Co High-contrast photographic silver chloride emulsions and method of processing
US3128180A (en) * 1958-07-02 1964-04-07 Eastman Kodak Co Hardened high-contrast photographic silver chloride emulsions and method of processing
US3158483A (en) * 1957-03-08 1964-11-24 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic developers containing polyalkylene glycols
US3212895A (en) * 1960-12-20 1965-10-19 Eastman Kodak Co Stability of rapid-processed photographic materials

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3206308A (en) * 1959-12-28 1965-09-14 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic stratum transfer process and developing compositions therefor
BE630118A (sr) * 1962-03-29
US3189448A (en) * 1962-08-22 1965-06-15 Eastman Kodak Co Developing compositions used in photographic transfer processes
US3808005A (en) * 1968-02-22 1974-04-30 Agfa Gevaert Nv Silver halide emulsion stabilized with a bidentate heterocyclic compound containing a sulpho or a carboxyl group
US3732103A (en) * 1971-05-03 1973-05-08 Eastman Kodak Co Silver halide emulsions containing alkyl selenols and thiols as antifoggants
USRE28668E (en) * 1971-05-03 1975-12-30 Silver halide emulsions containing alkyl selenols and thiols as antifoggants
JPS5394927A (en) * 1977-01-28 1978-08-19 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Color photographic processing method
EP0655643A1 (en) * 1993-11-30 1995-05-31 Eastman Kodak Company Heat stabilized silver chloride photographic emulsions containing sulfur donors and sulfinate compounds
US5415992A (en) * 1993-11-30 1995-05-16 Eastman Kodak Company Heat stabilized silver chloride photographic emulsions containing phosphine compounds
US5443947A (en) * 1993-11-30 1995-08-22 Eastman Kodak Company Heat stabilized silver chloride photographic emulsions containing thiosulfonate/sulfinate compounds

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2313523A (en) * 1940-06-18 1943-03-09 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic material
GB643411A (en) * 1947-03-06 1950-09-20 Du Pont Improvements in or relating to photographic developers

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE416898A (sr) * 1935-08-07
FR973727A (fr) * 1947-10-16 1951-02-14 Photo Produits Gevaert S A Procédé pour la production d'émulsions photographiques à l'halogénure d'argent
BE486662A (sr) * 1948-01-13
BE520287A (sr) * 1952-05-31
BE555210A (sr) * 1956-02-23
US2915395A (en) * 1957-02-15 1959-12-01 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Antifogging agents for light sensitive paper emulsions

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2313523A (en) * 1940-06-18 1943-03-09 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic material
GB643411A (en) * 1947-03-06 1950-09-20 Du Pont Improvements in or relating to photographic developers

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3158483A (en) * 1957-03-08 1964-11-24 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic developers containing polyalkylene glycols
US3030209A (en) * 1958-07-02 1962-04-17 Eastman Kodak Co High-contrast photographic silver chloride emulsions and method of processing
US3128180A (en) * 1958-07-02 1964-04-07 Eastman Kodak Co Hardened high-contrast photographic silver chloride emulsions and method of processing
US3212895A (en) * 1960-12-20 1965-10-19 Eastman Kodak Co Stability of rapid-processed photographic materials

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1093205B (de) 1960-11-17
BE572846A (sr)
US3042521A (en) 1962-07-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2902367A (en) Photographic developer antioxidant
US2688549A (en) Photographic developer composition
US3022168A (en) Photographic developer
US2606118A (en) Stabilizing agent for single powder photographic developers
US2384592A (en) Single-powder photographic developers
EP0738400B1 (en) Non-hydroquinone photographic developer composition and processing method
US2845349A (en) Photographic developers
GB924320A (en) Gelatin compositions for coating
US3256092A (en) Corrosion inhibitors in bleach solutions
US2666702A (en) Single powder photographic developers having improved stability to high temperatures
US2649376A (en) Single powder developers containing stabilized alkali hydroxides
US2682465A (en) Method of packaging and stabilizing single-powder developers
US3667951A (en) Photographic stabilizing baths inhibited against corrosion with polyalkylene glycols
US3178284A (en) Photographic developer compositions
US2753265A (en) Photographic developing compositions
US2893865A (en) Single powder photographic developers
US3161513A (en) Photographic developer compositions containing an antistain agent
GB1330078A (en) Compositions for processing silver halide photographic light- sensitive element
US2739894A (en) Single powder photographic developers containing lithium hydroxide
US2943935A (en) Stabilization of photographic bleach powders containing an alkali metal ferricyanide
US3713826A (en) Sulfite esters as preservatives for black and white developing agents
US2843484A (en) Alkalies for single powder photographic developers
US2979406A (en) Single powder photographic developers
US3161514A (en) Nonstaining photographic developers
US2915394A (en) Stabilizer for single powder photographic developer