US2899610A - van amstel - Google Patents

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Publication number
US2899610A
US2899610A US46358354A US2899610A US 2899610 A US2899610 A US 2899610A US 46358354 A US46358354 A US 46358354A US 2899610 A US2899610 A US 2899610A
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Prior art keywords
plates
semi
secured
parallel
cooling
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/48—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor
    • H01L23/488—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor consisting of soldered or bonded constructions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
    • H01L23/36—Selection of materials, or shaping, to facilitate cooling or heating, e.g. heatsinks
    • H01L23/367—Cooling facilitated by shape of device
    • H01L23/3675—Cooling facilitated by shape of device characterised by the shape of the housing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
    • H10D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
    • H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/095—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00 with a principal constituent of the material being a combination of two or more materials provided in the groups H01L2924/013 - H01L2924/0715
    • H01L2924/097—Glass-ceramics, e.g. devitrified glass
    • H01L2924/09701—Low temperature co-fired ceramic [LTCC]

Definitions

  • a mono-crystal manufactured by. so-called growing from a molten mass, it being possible to obtain layersofdifferent conductivity types by the addition of donors or acceptors to the molten mass of a semi-conductive material, on the surface of whichbody at one or more :areas electrodes areprovidedv by fusion, which are of a material suchasto yield parts of different or opposite -conductivity types due to alloyingwith'the constitutive material: of the body.
  • the object of the invention is-inter alia to improve the dissipation of heat from sucha system and thus to permit a higher electrical load.
  • the invention underlies the recognition that the dissipation of heat by such flexible conductors is unsatisfactory and that it is possible for not only one, but at least two parts ofzthe body to be connected directly, that is to say. withoutthe intermediary of flexible, conductors, to coolingbodies without detracting from the reliability of the. system.:
  • Atleasttwo partsof the semi-conductive body are each connected directly to a cooling body, thecooling bodies furthermore being rigidly interconnected by one or more insulating bridges.
  • the term rigid connection is to be understood in thiscase to mean a connection which is mechanically much stronger than that brought about by the semi-conductive body.
  • The-cooling bodies may have the shape of plates which extend in parallel with one another through part of their surfaces, it being possible for the semi-conductive body, togetherwith one or more insulating bridges, to be provided between the parallel parts.
  • the semi-conductive body is preferably so positioned that the boundaries between the parts of different conductivity type extend as far as possible in parallel with the said parts of the plates.
  • Fig. 1 is a side view of a crystal diode arranged between two parallel cooling plates.
  • Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a variant of the construction shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a third embodiment of a crystal diode.
  • Fig. 4 is'a plan 'view 'ofthe saiddiode on an enlarged scale.
  • Fig.5 is ,a perspective view of. a transistor comprising.
  • Fig. '6 is asectional view of the transistor of Fig. 5.
  • Figs.- 7 and 8 are a side view and a perspective view re-' spectively of two transistors.
  • Fig. 9 is a sectional viewof-one'embodiment of a crys tal diode:
  • Figs. 10 to 12 are sectional views of the .semi-conduc tive body With-adjoining parts onan enlarged scale;
  • the crystai'diode shown in Fig. 1 comprises two me tallic cooling plates 1 and 2, for example of brass, which are rigidly interconnected by insulating bridges 3 and 4.
  • Said bridges may each comprise an insulating body, for example a, ceramic disc, which is connected to the plates with'the'use of a thermosetting cement.
  • the body may consist of'germanium'of the N-type andthe electrode may consist of indium.
  • the body 5 hassoldered-to its lower side a metallic plate 7 having a coeificient of expansion.
  • the plate may consist of an alloy containing 54% of iron, 29% of nickel and 17% of cobalt, which alloy is known under the name Femico.
  • the assembly is secured between the plates 1 and 2.
  • the securing operation is preferably ,eife'cted by first providing each plate with a thin layer of Woods metal 8 and subsequently pushing the body 5,"together withthe-electrode 6 and the plate 7,between the plates 1 and 2,"the-Woods metal atthe same time-being fused by means of hot air.
  • the supply of current is to be effected in this case through the plates 1 and 2.'
  • Fig. 2 shows a similar diode, but in which the plates '1 and 2 are interconnected with the use of flanged sleeves 9 and several insulating discs 10.
  • Figs. 5 and 6- show a transistor'comprising' three plates 11, 12 and 13 which arebent along their edgesand'rigidly secured to one-anothen Insulating discs 14 and -15 are shown between the plates 11 and. 12 as an example of securing and fixed imposition between the plates by cementing.
  • -- Ceramic bodies ltd-shown between the'plates 11- and 13 may likewise be fixed in position by cementing;
  • transistor :propercompnises -ia :semicondu'ctive body 17 having two electrodes 18 ;and: 19.
  • the body-'17 further 3 time being fused by means of hot air. Afterwards, the body is cast in a protective mass 24.
  • the transistor shown in Fig. 7, as the diode shown 1n Fig. 1, is built up with the use of two cooling plates 1 and 2 which are rigidly interconnected along their edges at 3.
  • the semi-conductive body 17, instead of being secured between the plates 1 and 2 is in this case secured to the edge of plate 1 through the intermediary of the Fernico plate 31.
  • the electrode 18 is soldered to the plate 1 with the use of Woods metal 21, whereas the electrode 19 is connected through a conductor 32 to a contact 33 which is secured to an insulator 34 carried by the plate 2.
  • the transistor shown in Fig. 8 is distinguished from the preceding ones in that the semi-conductive body 17 is soldered in an aperture of the plate 1. The dissipation of heat may thus be more favourable.
  • the semi-conductive body may be cast in a sealing mass.
  • Fig. 9 again shows a diode.
  • the semi-conductive body is constituted by a small ball 41 which may consist of, for example, germanium of the N-type.
  • a thin layer 42 of a metal such as indium is provided by fusion, which layer brings about a p-n transition, whereas on the other side a sol dered joint 43 provided therein yields an ohmic contact, for example of tin.
  • the plates 1 and 2 may exhibit apertures 44, which can accommodate the ball and the solder.
  • Heating to a temperature of about 500 C. is commonly required for manufacturing the p-n transition.
  • This thermal treatment may be carried out before the ball is secured between the plates, in which event the insulating bridges 3 and 4 need not be resistant to high temperatures. It is alternatively possible to carry out the thermal treatment after the ball has been provided and in this casethe insulating bridges must be capable of withstanding a high temperature. They may then be manufactured, for example, from ceramic material, glass or similar material.
  • the semiconductive bodies should be so arranged that the boundaries between the parts of different conductivity types are as far as possible parallel to the cooling plates. This is shown in detail in Figs. 10 to 12, which illustrate several emllaodiments of the semi-conductive body on an enlarged sca e.
  • the semi-conductive body 17 comprises two electrodes 18 and 19 which are provided in opposition by fusion.
  • the electrodes may be of indium.
  • the indium has alloyed with the germanium so strongly that the electrodes have penetrated the surface of the latter.
  • at least those parts of the electrodes 18, 19 which adjoin the material of the original body comprise a semi-conductor of the P-type.
  • the boundaries 51 and 52 between the parts 17, 19 should be parallel to the cooling plates 11 and 12.
  • Fig. 11 shows a transistor of the grown junction type.
  • the semi-conductive monocrystal 61 comprises three parts 62, 63, 64 of opposite conductivity type, viz. of
  • the diode shown in Fig. 12 is substantially similar to that shown in Fig. 9, except the parts 42 and 43, which may be of indium and tin respectively, are secured to the cooling plates 1 and 2 with the use of a low-melting metal 8.
  • the boundaries 71 and 72 between the parts 41, 42 and 41, 43 are as far as possible parallel to the cooling plates 1 and 2.
  • a semi-conductor device comprising a pair of cooling plates having parallel, spaced portions, a semi-conductive body containing at least two portions of opposite conductivity type material and secured directly to and between said parallel portions of said cooling plates with one conductivity type portion secured to one of said plates and with the other conductivity type portion secured to the other of said plates and with the opposite-conductivitytype portions extending substantially parallel to the parallel spaced portions of the cooling plates, and insulating supporting means secured and bonded directly to and between said parallel portions of said cooling plates and rigidly interconnecting the latter together.
  • a transistor device comprising first and second cooling plates having parallel, spaced portions, a semi-conductor body containing emitter, collector and base electrodes mounted between said parallel portions of the cooling plates, one of said electrodes being secured directly to one of the parallel portions, another of said electrodes being secured directly to the other of said parallel portions, insulating means disposed between the parallel portions and secured thereto and rigidly interconnecting them together, a third cooling plate connected to at least one of the other cooling plates, and means connecting the third of said electrodes to said third cooling plate.
  • a transistor device comprising first and second cooling plates having parallel, spaced portions, a semi-conductor body secured edgewise to the edge of said first cooling plate, rectifying connections on opposite surfaces of said semi-conductor body, one of said rectifying connections being secured directly to said second cooling plate, insulating means secured to and between said parallel portions of said cooling plates and rigidly linking them together, terminal means insulatingly mounted on said second terminal plate, and means interconnecting said cooling means and the other of said rectifying connections.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
US46358354 1953-10-23 1954-10-20 van amstel Expired - Lifetime US2899610A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL182295A NL87784C (en(2012)) 1953-10-23 1953-10-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2899610A true US2899610A (en) 1959-08-11

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US46358354 Expired - Lifetime US2899610A (en) 1953-10-23 1954-10-20 van amstel

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US (1) US2899610A (en(2012))
DE (1) DE1052572B (en(2012))
FR (1) FR1110245A (en(2012))
NL (1) NL87784C (en(2012))

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2974263A (en) * 1958-01-06 1961-03-07 Marquette Corp Heat sink and diode assembly
US3023346A (en) * 1959-11-27 1962-02-27 Westinghouse Electric Corp Rectifier structure
US3114866A (en) * 1959-12-16 1963-12-17 Sony Corp Semi-conductor device
US3226466A (en) * 1961-08-04 1965-12-28 Siemens Ag Semiconductor devices with cooling plates
US3267341A (en) * 1962-02-09 1966-08-16 Hughes Aircraft Co Double container arrangement for transistors
US3286138A (en) * 1962-11-27 1966-11-15 Clevite Corp Thermally stabilized semiconductor device

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1062823B (de) * 1957-07-13 1959-08-06 Telefunken Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kristalloden des Legierungstyps
GB910063A (en) * 1960-03-09 1962-11-07 Westinghouse Electric Corp Semi-conductor devices
DE1230912B (de) * 1960-06-09 1966-12-22 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Halbleiteranordnung
DE1175797B (de) * 1960-12-22 1964-08-13 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag Verfahren zum Herstellen von elektrischen Halb-leiterbauelementen
DE1246888C2 (de) * 1960-11-24 1975-10-23 Semikron, Gesellschaft für Gleichrichterbau und Elektronik m.b.H., 8500 Nürnberg Verfahren zum herstellen von gleichrichteranordnungen in brueckenschaltung fuer kleine stromstaerken
DE1141386B (de) * 1961-04-26 1962-12-20 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Halbleiteranordnung
DE1295696B (de) * 1963-03-06 1969-05-22 Walter Brandt Gmbh Anordnung mit zwischen Kuehlplatten liegenden Halbleiterbauelementen
USB411062I5 (en(2012)) * 1964-11-13

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2414801A (en) * 1942-06-16 1947-01-28 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Rectifier element and stack
US2665399A (en) * 1954-01-05 Rectifier assembly
US2703855A (en) * 1952-07-29 1955-03-08 Licentia Gmbh Unsymmetrical conductor arrangement
US2745044A (en) * 1951-09-15 1956-05-08 Gen Electric Asymmetrically conductive apparatus
US2754455A (en) * 1952-11-29 1956-07-10 Rca Corp Power Transistors
US2759133A (en) * 1952-10-22 1956-08-14 Rca Corp Semiconductor devices

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2406405A (en) * 1941-05-19 1946-08-27 Sperry Gyroscope Co Inc Coaxial condenser crystal and method of making same
DE883479C (de) * 1951-06-10 1953-07-16 Siemens Ag Trockengleichrichter

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2665399A (en) * 1954-01-05 Rectifier assembly
US2414801A (en) * 1942-06-16 1947-01-28 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Rectifier element and stack
US2745044A (en) * 1951-09-15 1956-05-08 Gen Electric Asymmetrically conductive apparatus
US2703855A (en) * 1952-07-29 1955-03-08 Licentia Gmbh Unsymmetrical conductor arrangement
US2759133A (en) * 1952-10-22 1956-08-14 Rca Corp Semiconductor devices
US2754455A (en) * 1952-11-29 1956-07-10 Rca Corp Power Transistors

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2974263A (en) * 1958-01-06 1961-03-07 Marquette Corp Heat sink and diode assembly
US3023346A (en) * 1959-11-27 1962-02-27 Westinghouse Electric Corp Rectifier structure
US3114866A (en) * 1959-12-16 1963-12-17 Sony Corp Semi-conductor device
US3226466A (en) * 1961-08-04 1965-12-28 Siemens Ag Semiconductor devices with cooling plates
US3280389A (en) * 1961-08-04 1966-10-18 Siemens Ag Freely expanding pressure mounted semiconductor device
US3267341A (en) * 1962-02-09 1966-08-16 Hughes Aircraft Co Double container arrangement for transistors
US3286138A (en) * 1962-11-27 1966-11-15 Clevite Corp Thermally stabilized semiconductor device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL87784C (en(2012)) 1958-04-15
FR1110245A (fr) 1956-02-09
DE1052572B (de) 1959-03-12

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