US2894094A - Chopper - Google Patents

Chopper Download PDF

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Publication number
US2894094A
US2894094A US722438A US72243858A US2894094A US 2894094 A US2894094 A US 2894094A US 722438 A US722438 A US 722438A US 72243858 A US72243858 A US 72243858A US 2894094 A US2894094 A US 2894094A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
chopper
glass
metal
contact
armature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US722438A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hugh A Howell
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Oak Manufacturing Co
Original Assignee
Oak Manufacturing Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL237170D priority Critical patent/NL237170A/xx
Application filed by Oak Manufacturing Co filed Critical Oak Manufacturing Co
Priority to US722438A priority patent/US2894094A/en
Priority to DEO6674A priority patent/DE1200960B/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2894094A publication Critical patent/US2894094A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/64—Driving arrangements between movable part of magnetic circuit and contact
    • H01H50/74—Mechanical means for producing a desired natural frequency of operation of the contacts, e.g. for self-interrupter
    • H01H50/76—Mechanical means for producing a desired natural frequency of operation of the contacts, e.g. for self-interrupter using reed or blade spring

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a chopper, and more particularly to a chopper for handling minute amounts of electric power. While the chopper embodying the present invention may have a wide variety of application, it is particularly adapted for use in high impedance low voltage circuits.
  • choppers are used in communication equipment for interrupting a DC. circuit in connection with the transmission of currents in resistive networks or through capacitors and through windings of transformers. In certain applications such as, for example, in airborne equipment, choppers are used in circuits haying impedances of the order of megohms with potentials'of .the order of microvolts.
  • a chopper output in such equipment is of great importance, particularly in connection with auxiliary filters for providing a sine wave.
  • Choppers available at the present time have been characterized by erratic wave form at the output of the chopper.
  • choppers generally are troubled by the presence of an extremely sharp voltage spike occurring upon each make or break of contacts. This voltage spike, While of extremely short time duration has sufiicient amplitude to have a serious effect upon the chopper output.
  • Such transients in what may be effectively considered as a dielectric between two minute capacitor plates results in a generation of electric current.
  • Such transducer action is utilized in various piezo-electric and frictional electric devices. While the transducer action in present day choppers may be ineflicient, the low power level at which the choppers operate and the very high impedances which such choppers face render the transducer action of a chopper quite significant in relation to the chopper output.
  • Fig. 2 is an elevation of the chopper minus the housing and minus the 'cnergiaing winding, Fig. 2 showing the chopper at right angles to Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a view of the chopper generally similar to Fig. l but showing the housing and winding removed.
  • Fig. 4 is a view looking down upon the chopper along the line 4-4 of Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 5 is a detail along line 5-5 of Fig. 4 illustrating a mountingfor the movable contact.
  • Fig. 6 is a view along line 6-6 of Fig. 4 illustrating the mounting for a stationary contact.
  • a chopper embodying-the present invention may have various structural features such as, for example, as illustrated in the drawing.
  • permanent magnet 10 is rigidly clamped between ferro-magnetic frame side plates lljand 12.
  • Permanent magnet 10 may be of any suitable material and preferably is of the so-called ceramic type now available on the market.
  • Frame plates 11 and 12 are rigidly 'joined at the bottom by base plate 14 and are joined at the top by cross piece 15.
  • Base plate 14 and cross piece 15 are preferably of non-magnetic material although if sufficiently thin they may be of ferro-magnetic material. The objective of base plate 14 and cross piece 15 is to provide a strong and rigid frame construction.
  • Side plates 11'- and '12 have upper portions 17 and 18 apertured and tapped to accommodate ferro-magnetic bolts 19 and 211 which function as adjustable pole pieces. Extending upwardly from side plates 11 and 12 as seen in Figs; 1 to 3' inclusive 'are'a pairof ferro-magnetic support arm'sZZand 23. Supportarms '22'and 2.3 are rigidlyand 'intimatl-y fsecuretlto extensions 17 and -18 and at' their free end support 'a combined armature and movable contact assembly generally indicated by 25.
  • the armature assembly consists of ferro-magnetic rod 26 permanently sealed in a glass bead 27 supported in metal sleeve 28 having mounting flange 29.
  • Glass bead 27 is of suitable glass and has a high electrical resistance.
  • the glass used is of the so-called hard glass type and is not of the soft or lead glass variety.
  • the seal is of the socalled compression type seal available in the market and the components are so selected that good retention is secured over the desired temperature operating range for the chopper.
  • choppers are required to operate under ambient temperature ranges from the order of about minus 50 C. to about C. This temperature range is exemplary and the exact range will be determined by specifications set up by the customer. Except for the fact that member 26 must be of ferro-magnetic material, a wide variety of metals and glass may be used. In fact, member 26 may be of suitable ferro-magnetic material having a thin coating of metal such as cooper which may be relied upon for actual sealing in the glass.
  • member 26 which consittutes an armature and movable contact extends down low enough so that it can operate, in a region between adjustable pole pieces 19 and 20.
  • the free end portion of member 26 operates between two stationary contacts 31 and 32. These two stationary contacts are similar and one of these .is shown in detail in Fig. 6.
  • Each stationary contact comprises contact portion proper 34 and support portion 35.
  • Support portion 35 is sealed in glass bead 36 which is sealed to and supported by metal sleeve 37 having flange 38.
  • the .metal as fused to the glass is preferably round in :section, although .it may be in the .form of a flat strip.
  • round wire is preferred since the technique ofihandling circularly symmetrical seals in glassis well known and highlydeueloped.
  • portion .35 is unimportant so long as it is electrically conducting to some extent. Obviously, the magnetic properties of the stationary contact structure as a whole are unimportant. Since the chopper .generally works into circuits having high resistance, the elec trical conductivity of the metal sealed .in the glass 'is also unimportant. At most, the difference in resistance between various metals would be negligible insofar as the entire circuit is concerned.
  • metal below the glass bead may be flattened to a strip.
  • metal sleeve around the glassbead may be soldered to bent tips of support arms 22 and 23.
  • metal sleeve 37.and flange 36 may be soldered to bracket 42.
  • Bracket 42 is preferably of metal and may be supported in any suitable fashion such as, for example, by bolts 43 carried by the frame plates.
  • Wire connections are soldered "to the stationary and movable contact structures, the various wire connections going down to contact pins 45 carried by base 46.
  • contact pins are mounted in a metal base, each contact pin being secured in a ,glass bead in the base.
  • An energizing winding 50 is disposed around arms 22 and.23 and leads from the winding will also be connected to certain of the contact pins.
  • the :entire construction may be housed in can 51 sealed .to base 46 to provide a generally hermeticrhousingjfor'thechopper.
  • contact members 31 and 32 be of the same metal as portion 35 within the glass bead.
  • all the metal parts of the chopper may be suitably treated to prevent corrosion.
  • all the metal parts may be gold plated.
  • insulators as quartz or ceramic may be used. But in all cases, the contact member is attached to an insulator by fusion and the insulator is attached to its support by fusion.
  • a chopper comprising a pair ,of ferromagnetic members, a permanent magnet disposed between said mem bers, said members having opposed pole pieces, a long thin armature, means for supporting one end of said armature with the other end thereof free to vibrate between said pole pieces, said supporting means including a glob of glass into which the supported end of the armature is sealed, said supported end of said armature having a current lead therefrom, said supporting means including metal fused to the outside of saidglass glob, said chopper including a winding disposed around said armature and adapted to be supplied with alternating current for causing armature vibration, support members rigidly attached to said ferromagnetic members, each ferromagnetic member having one support member, a glass glob fused to each support member, each glass glob having sealed therein a metal contact member, the two metal contact members being disposed on opposite sides of the armature and being spaced from each other to function as stationary contacts for cooperation with the armature, said metal contact members having

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
US722438A 1958-03-19 1958-03-19 Chopper Expired - Lifetime US2894094A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL237170D NL237170A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1958-03-19
US722438A US2894094A (en) 1958-03-19 1958-03-19 Chopper
DEO6674A DE1200960B (de) 1958-03-19 1959-03-18 Elektromagnetischer Unterbrecher mit eingeschmolzenen Kontakten

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US722438A US2894094A (en) 1958-03-19 1958-03-19 Chopper

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2894094A true US2894094A (en) 1959-07-07

Family

ID=24901835

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US722438A Expired - Lifetime US2894094A (en) 1958-03-19 1958-03-19 Chopper

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US2894094A (enrdf_load_html_response)
DE (1) DE1200960B (enrdf_load_html_response)
NL (1) NL237170A (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3029326A (en) * 1959-10-22 1962-04-10 Sargent & Greenleaf Resonant reed relay
US3151228A (en) * 1961-06-22 1964-09-29 Stevens Arnold Inc Electromagnet vibrator reed switches

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2121607A (en) * 1935-02-16 1938-06-21 Oran T Mciivaine Oscillator
US2450499A (en) * 1945-09-21 1948-10-05 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Circuit maker and breaker
US2677027A (en) * 1952-08-04 1954-04-27 North American Aviation Inc Chopper
US2698366A (en) * 1952-04-02 1954-12-28 Oak Mfg Co Electromagnetic chopper

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT113247B (de) * 1926-07-19 1929-05-10 Siegmund Dr Loewe Pendelunterbrecher.
US2192506A (en) * 1935-11-21 1940-03-05 Oscar A Ross Voltage converter tube
NL98187B (enrdf_load_html_response) * 1938-10-05 1900-01-01
DE938802C (de) * 1952-02-15 1956-02-09 Elektrowerk G M B H Verfahren zur Herstellung elektrischer Kontaktsaetze, insbesondere fuer elektrische Zerhacker

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2121607A (en) * 1935-02-16 1938-06-21 Oran T Mciivaine Oscillator
US2450499A (en) * 1945-09-21 1948-10-05 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Circuit maker and breaker
US2698366A (en) * 1952-04-02 1954-12-28 Oak Mfg Co Electromagnetic chopper
US2677027A (en) * 1952-08-04 1954-04-27 North American Aviation Inc Chopper

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3029326A (en) * 1959-10-22 1962-04-10 Sargent & Greenleaf Resonant reed relay
US3151228A (en) * 1961-06-22 1964-09-29 Stevens Arnold Inc Electromagnet vibrator reed switches

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL237170A (enrdf_load_html_response)
DE1200960B (de) 1965-09-16

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