US2876494A - Process and device for dry spinning - Google Patents

Process and device for dry spinning Download PDF

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Publication number
US2876494A
US2876494A US520329A US52032955A US2876494A US 2876494 A US2876494 A US 2876494A US 520329 A US520329 A US 520329A US 52032955 A US52032955 A US 52032955A US 2876494 A US2876494 A US 2876494A
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United States
Prior art keywords
spinning
shaft
spinneret
cell
wall
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US520329A
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Henricus J H Janssen
Hendrik S Jongepier
Waning Hendrik
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Kunstzijdespinnerij Nyma NV
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Kunstzijdespinnerij Nyma NV
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/12—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid
    • F16K31/36—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid in which fluid from the circuit is constantly supplied to the fluid motor
    • F16K31/40—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid in which fluid from the circuit is constantly supplied to the fluid motor with electrically-actuated member in the discharge of the motor
    • F16K31/406—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid in which fluid from the circuit is constantly supplied to the fluid motor with electrically-actuated member in the discharge of the motor acting on a piston
    • F16K31/408—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid in which fluid from the circuit is constantly supplied to the fluid motor with electrically-actuated member in the discharge of the motor acting on a piston the discharge being effected through the piston and being blockable by an electrically-actuated member making contact with the piston
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/04—Dry spinning methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D01F6/18—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of unsaturated nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene cyanide

Definitions

  • the spinning shaft is generally provided with a heating jacket through which superheated steam or a heating liquid is passed at a high temperature; this is necessary to maintain the required high temperature in the shaft.
  • Fig. 1 is a top view of a bundle of filaments produced by conventional dry spinning methods.
  • Fig. 2 is a vertical section of a spinning cell according to the present invention.
  • the filaments quietly move through the shaft if the temperature at which the gas arrives at the shaft is 10 to 70 C. and preferably 20 to 40 C. higher than the temperature of the shaft wall in the vicinity of the spinneret.
  • the following measures increase the favorable effect of the temperature difference between shaft wall and entering air:
  • the hot gas is admitted at the top of the shaft through gauze or a plate or foil with holes.
  • the gas is moreover preferably admitted into the space which is separted by the said gauze or plate or foil from the spinning shaft, by means of an annular tube with holes.
  • a truncated cone surrounds the spinneret at point adjacent the annular slot so that the additional hot gas stream enters the shaft between shaft wall and cone.
  • 1 is the spinning shaft, 2 the heating jacket around the shaft, 5 the filaments bundle and 6 the spinneret.
  • the heating medium for the jacket of the spinning shaft enters the heating jacket at 3 and leaves it at 4.
  • the heating gas enters the top part of the 2,876,494 @Patented Mar. 10, 1959 2 spinning shaft through an annular tube with holes 7 and reaches the remaining part of the shaft through gauze 8, so-called electrolytic nickel gauze 40 mesh.
  • the heating gas is supplied to the shaft by means of the annular slot 9, the gas being guided to this slot 9 through the supply tube 10, the annular channel 11 and the openings 12.
  • Conical guide member 14 is connected to channel member 13.
  • the invention is elucidated by the following comparative examples.
  • Example I (a) A 20% solution of polyacrylonitrile in dimethyl formamide was pressed through a spinneret with 40 holes into a spinning shaft according to Fig. 2, in which air of 200 C. was supplied only through the annular tube 7, the wall of the spinning shaft being maintained at 200 C. The gauze 8 and the guide member 14 were absent. While proceeding in this manner regular spinning appeared to be entirely impossible. Owing to strong fluttering of the thread, thread ruptures occurred repeatedly.
  • a dry-spinning process for the conversion of a spinning solution into filaments by extruding the solution through a spinneret into a heated cell having a wall and passing a gaseous evaporative medium through the cell comprising the steps of heating the cell wall, supplying the gaseous medium to the cell from above the spinneret and in an annular stream from the cell wall below the spinneret, the gaseous medium being supplied at a temperature 10 to C. higher than the temperature of the cell wall in the vicinity of the spinneret, and deflecting the annular stream downwardly and away from the spinneret to'merge therebelow with the gaseous medium supplied from above the spinneret.
  • a dry-spinning apparatus comprising a spinning cell having a wall, a heating jacket surrounding the wall, a spinneret mounted near one end of the cell, a conduit means for supplying a gaseous evaporative medium to the cell, said conduit means being mounted in the cell between the spinneret and said one end, a bafile member having the form of a truncated cone arranged in the cell between the spinneret and the cell wall, the bafile member and the cell wall defining an annular space therebetween, and second conduit means for supplying gaseous evaporative meduim to the cell, said latter means discharging into the annular space through an annular slot in the cell wall.

Description

March 10, 1959 H. J. H. JANSSEN ETAL 2,876,494
PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR DRY SPINNING Filed July 6, 1955 I ER, I/VG United States Pawn:
2,876,494 PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR DRY SPINNING Henricus J. H. Janssen, Hendrik S. Jongepier, and Hendrik Waning, Nimeguen, Netherlands, assignors to Kunstzijdespinnerij Nyma N. V., a Dutch company Application July 6, 1955, Serial No. 520,329 Claims priority, application Netherlands July 31, 1954 3 Claims. (Cl. 18-8) The invention relates to a process and apparatus for dry spinning, particularly for dry spinning of polyacrylonitrile filaments.
It is known, for instance, from the British Patent 614,959 that for the dry spinning of polyacrylonitrile the polymer is dissolved, for instance, in dimethyl formamide (solution of 15 to 25%) and the solution is extruded at a high temperature through a spinneret mounted in the upper part of a spinning shaft, whereupon the polyacrylonitrile thread in obtained by evaporation of the solvent. The evaporation of the solvent is effected by supplying to the spinning shaft a gas, for instance air, of about 200 C. The hot gas is either supplied at the bottom of the spinning shaft and discharged at the top or supplied at the top and discharged at the bottom.
Moreover, the spinning shaft is generally provided with a heating jacket through which superheated steam or a heating liquid is passed at a high temperature; this is necessary to maintain the required high temperature in the shaft.
It is the principal object of the present invention to provide a dry spinning process and apparatus in which the thread formed at the spinneret moves quietly through the shaft. Air whirls in the shaft make the thread flutter. The consequence is that some filaments come into contact with the shaft wall and stick there and/or adjacent filaments come into contact with each other, stick together and give filaments of double thickness.
In the accompanying drawing,
Fig. 1 is a top view of a bundle of filaments produced by conventional dry spinning methods; and
Fig. 2 is a vertical section of a spinning cell according to the present invention.
We found that the filaments quietly move through the shaft if the temperature at which the gas arrives at the shaft is 10 to 70 C. and preferably 20 to 40 C. higher than the temperature of the shaft wall in the vicinity of the spinneret. The following measures increase the favorable effect of the temperature difference between shaft wall and entering air:
(1) The hot gas is admitted at the top of the shaft through gauze or a plate or foil with holes. The gas is moreover preferably admitted into the space which is sepaarted by the said gauze or plate or foil from the spinning shaft, by means of an annular tube with holes.
(2) At some distance from the spinneret an additional hot gas stream is admitted through an annular slot.
(3) A truncated cone surrounds the spinneret at point adjacent the annular slot so that the additional hot gas stream enters the shaft between shaft wall and cone.
Referring to Figure 2, 1 is the spinning shaft, 2 the heating jacket around the shaft, 5 the filaments bundle and 6 the spinneret. The heating medium for the jacket of the spinning shaft enters the heating jacket at 3 and leaves it at 4. The heating gas enters the top part of the 2,876,494 @Patented Mar. 10, 1959 2 spinning shaft through an annular tube with holes 7 and reaches the remaining part of the shaft through gauze 8, so-called electrolytic nickel gauze 40 mesh.
Moreover the heating gas is supplied to the shaft by means of the annular slot 9, the gas being guided to this slot 9 through the supply tube 10, the annular channel 11 and the openings 12.
Conical guide member 14 is connected to channel member 13.
The invention is elucidated by the following comparative examples.
Example I (a) A 20% solution of polyacrylonitrile in dimethyl formamide was pressed through a spinneret with 40 holes into a spinning shaft according to Fig. 2, in which air of 200 C. was supplied only through the annular tube 7, the wall of the spinning shaft being maintained at 200 C. The gauze 8 and the guide member 14 were absent. While proceeding in this manner regular spinning appeared to be entirely impossible. Owing to strong fluttering of the thread, thread ruptures occurred repeatedly.
(1;) While proceeding according to the manner as indicated sub a, with this difference that the spinning shaft was maintained at 160 C., the spinning process proceeded regularly, although the movement of the thread in the spinning shaft was still somewhat unquiet. However, the spun thread appeared to possess still 3 to 5 double filaments, such as indicated at a in Fig. 1.
Figure ll When spinning as indicated sub Example 1b, where the gauze 8 and the guide member 14 were provided in the shaft and in which a similar quantity of hot air of 200 C. was supplied through the slot 9 as well as through the tube 7, the spinning proceeded very regularly and no double filaments were encountered in the obtained yarn anymore.
What is claimed is:
l. A dry-spinning process for the conversion of a spinning solution into filaments by extruding the solution through a spinneret into a heated cell having a wall and passing a gaseous evaporative medium through the cell, comprising the steps of heating the cell wall, supplying the gaseous medium to the cell from above the spinneret and in an annular stream from the cell wall below the spinneret, the gaseous medium being supplied at a temperature 10 to C. higher than the temperature of the cell wall in the vicinity of the spinneret, and deflecting the annular stream downwardly and away from the spinneret to'merge therebelow with the gaseous medium supplied from above the spinneret.
2. The dry-spinning process of claim 1 wherein the spinning solution comprises polyacrylonitrile and dimethyl formamide.
3. A dry-spinning apparatus comprising a spinning cell having a wall, a heating jacket surrounding the wall, a spinneret mounted near one end of the cell, a conduit means for supplying a gaseous evaporative medium to the cell, said conduit means being mounted in the cell between the spinneret and said one end, a bafile member having the form of a truncated cone arranged in the cell between the spinneret and the cell wall, the bafile member and the cell wall defining an annular space therebetween, and second conduit means for supplying gaseous evaporative meduim to the cell, said latter means discharging into the annular space through an annular slot in the cell wall.
(References on following page) 3. References Cited in the file of this patent 2,763,891
UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,763,892
1,592,006 Roy July 13, 1926 2,404,714 Latham July 26, 1946 5 474,043 2,615,198 Flannagan Oct. 28, 1952 731,478 2,697,251 Bauer Dec. 21, 1954 71,410
4 Y Moos Sept. 25, 1956 Moos Sept. 25, 1956 FOREIGN PATENTS Germany Mar. 25, 1929 Great Britain June 8, 1955 Norway Dec. 23, 1946
US520329A 1954-07-31 1955-07-06 Process and device for dry spinning Expired - Lifetime US2876494A (en)

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NL331800X 1954-07-31

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US (1) US2876494A (en)
BE (1) BE539482A (en)
CH (1) CH331800A (en)
DE (1) DE1082001B (en)
FR (1) FR1127186A (en)
GB (1) GB778194A (en)
NL (1) NL96514C (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4224269A (en) * 1977-03-26 1980-09-23 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Process for spinning hygroscopic filaments and fibers
US4257999A (en) * 1977-08-10 1981-03-24 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Process for the production of hydrophilic filaments and fibres by the dry jet wet-spinning method

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB855023A (en) * 1958-08-09 1960-11-30 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Improvements in or relating to thread guides for spinning man-made filament yarns
DE1168725B (en) * 1960-07-21 1964-04-23 Erich Herion Straight-way solenoid valve with electromagnetic auxiliary valve release
US3462116A (en) * 1964-02-06 1969-08-19 Wright Components Inc Solenoid valve and method for making the same
IT1256966B (en) * 1992-10-12 1995-12-27 Claudio Margaria PERFECTED SOLENOID VALVE.
US5667194A (en) * 1995-12-11 1997-09-16 Siemens Automotive Corporation Armature needle valve assembly having plastic connecting means

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1592006A (en) * 1925-09-18 1926-07-13 Rhodiaseta Method of and apparatus for manufacturing artificial filaments
DE474043C (en) * 1927-03-03 1929-03-25 Aceta G M B H Process and device for the production of rayon threads according to the dry spinning process, in which the drying air is guided from below towards the fiber bundle
US2404714A (en) * 1942-06-17 1946-07-23 Du Pont Polymer products
US2615198A (en) * 1949-04-06 1952-10-28 Du Pont Spinning apparatus and method
US2697251A (en) * 1951-02-07 1954-12-21 American Viscose Corp Method and apparatus for manufacturing artificial filaments
GB731478A (en) * 1952-04-16 1955-06-08 Celanese Corp Improvements in the dry-spinning of artificial filamentary materials
US2763891A (en) * 1951-11-21 1956-09-25 Celanese Corp Spinning apparatus

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE508113C (en) * 1927-06-25 1930-09-24 Aceta G M B H Device for spinning artificial threads
BE354193A (en) * 1927-09-14
DE506975C (en) * 1928-03-25 1930-09-11 Ernst Berl Dr Process for dry spinning rayon
DE611683C (en) * 1930-01-01 1935-04-04 Aceta G M B H Process for the production of artificial threads according to the dry spinning process
FR741912A (en) * 1931-09-29 1933-02-23
US2058527A (en) * 1932-03-12 1936-10-27 Celanese Corp Process and apparatus for the manufacture of artificial materials
GB541238A (en) * 1940-04-17 1941-11-19 Henry Dreyfus Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of artificial textile materials and the like

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1592006A (en) * 1925-09-18 1926-07-13 Rhodiaseta Method of and apparatus for manufacturing artificial filaments
DE474043C (en) * 1927-03-03 1929-03-25 Aceta G M B H Process and device for the production of rayon threads according to the dry spinning process, in which the drying air is guided from below towards the fiber bundle
US2404714A (en) * 1942-06-17 1946-07-23 Du Pont Polymer products
US2615198A (en) * 1949-04-06 1952-10-28 Du Pont Spinning apparatus and method
US2697251A (en) * 1951-02-07 1954-12-21 American Viscose Corp Method and apparatus for manufacturing artificial filaments
US2763891A (en) * 1951-11-21 1956-09-25 Celanese Corp Spinning apparatus
GB731478A (en) * 1952-04-16 1955-06-08 Celanese Corp Improvements in the dry-spinning of artificial filamentary materials
US2763892A (en) * 1952-04-16 1956-09-25 Celanese Corp Spinning apparatus

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4224269A (en) * 1977-03-26 1980-09-23 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Process for spinning hygroscopic filaments and fibers
US4257999A (en) * 1977-08-10 1981-03-24 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Process for the production of hydrophilic filaments and fibres by the dry jet wet-spinning method

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CH331800A (en) 1958-08-15
NL96514C (en)
DE1082001B (en) 1960-05-19
GB778194A (en) 1957-07-03
BE539482A (en)
FR1127186A (en) 1956-12-10

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