Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D9/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap
  • C11D9/04—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap containing compounding ingredients other than soaps
  • C11D9/42—Per-compounds

Definitions

• the sodium perborate tetrahydrate melts or becomes dissolved in its water of crystallization to form a solution which immediately coats or is absorbed upon the surfaces and within the pores of 10 the spray dried detergent.
• the mixture is j cooled to minimize decomposition of perborate.
• the perborate solidifies, but the solidperharateflirp ed is imbedded in or entrained in the surfaces T e Pfflsent mvefltlon relates to ckanmg and Washmg and outer pores of the detergent granules and is not free No Drawing. Application April 8, 1955 Serial No. 500,282
• noncationic synthetic organic detergents are applicable in the preparation of soap and anionic and nonionic synthetic detergent compositions in granular form, hereinafter referred to generically as noncationic synthetic organic detergents.
• a further object is to provide a gravitationally stable mixture of detergent and sodium perborate tetrahydrate in granular or particulate form.
• Another object is to provide an improved process for producing a gravitationally stable detergent-perborate composition in spray dried form without substantial decomposition of perborate.
• a still further object is to produce a granular detergentperborate bleaching and cleansing composition which is stable against separation of perborate particles from detergent particles.
• the tendency toward segregation or gravitational separation of perborate is eliminated, and the objects of the invention are achieved without significant decomposition of the perborate.
• our process produces a novel form of granular detergent with bleaching properties in that the perborate is entrained in the porous structure of the granular detergent and is not subject to gravitational separation during handling.
• the perborate can be introduced prior to entrance of the granules into the rotating drum.
• the temperature of the granules is sufliciently high to efiect fusion of the perborate tetrahydrate, and absorption is substantially instantaneous.
• the resulting product is subsequently delivered to an air lift where cooling of the granules is efiected within a period of to seconds after the perborate is added to produce the improved product of the present invention without measurable perborate decomposition.
• the sodium perborate tetrahydrate crystals can be admixed with cold detergent granules, following 5 which the mixture is rapidly heated to a temperature above F., preferably from about F. to about 230 F. with agitation to gggggiusionap d absorption of the pr'libm cooling of the product may be efleci y means of an air lift or by allowing the granules to fall through a counter-current stream of cooling air.
• the amount of sodium perborate tetrahydrate incorporated with the detergent may be one or two percent or even up to five percent based on the entire composition. If compositions with greater bleaching power are desired, then the perborate concentration may be increased to 10% and 20% levels without departing from the spirit of the invention.
• the invention is applicable in the production of granular detergent products from soap, from synthetics of the anionic and nonionic classes, and from mixtures thereof.
• all non-cationic surface active agents which possess pronounced detergent properties may be combined with sodium perborate tetrahydrate in accordance with our discovery to produce the improved cleansing and bleaching agents herein disclosed.
• the detergent substances include:
• Easter soluble soaps such as the sodium salt of a mixture atty an s which contains about 85% of the mixed fatty acids derived from tallow and about 15% of the mixed fatty acids derived from coconut oil.
• WW such as the sodium salts of the sulfuric aci ester 0 mixed fatty alcohols derived from coconut oil or tallow.
• Water soluble salts of the sulfuric acid ester of fatty acid monoglycerides such as the sodium salt of the coconut oil fatty acid monoester of 1,2-dihydroxy-propane-B-sulfuric acid.
• hydroxy and polyhydroxy alkyl sulfonic acids such as the alkali metal salts of coconut oil fatty acid monoester of 1,2-dihydroxy-propane-3-sulfonic acid.
• alkyiglyceryl ether sulfonates such as the sodium salt of coconut oil alccfiiol nTcinoether of l,2-dihydroxy-propane-B-sulfonic acid.
• Water soluble salts of alkyl ethers of polyethylene oxide sulfates such as the sodium salt of the sulfuric acid ester of the coconut oil alcohol ether of triethylene glycol.
• Eonionic detergents of the ethylene-oxide alkylphenol condensation type such as octyl phenol polyether alcohol containing about 11 ethylene-oxide groups.
• Such detergents as above designated can be used alone or in combination with organic and inorganic builder substances when producing the cleansing and bleaching agents of the present invention.
• the invention is applicable in the manufacture of heavy-duty synthetimdetergentswhichnarelell lgngwn in the commercial art and which contain massive amounts of tri polyphosphate.
• tripolyphosphate or of other builder substances such as silicates, carbonates, amides, and the like, is not essential and detergent compositions containing no such builder substances, or only small amounts thereof, may be combined with perborate in accordance with the practice herein described.
• Example 1 An aqueous slum, comprising a mixture of tetra ro lene benzene sulfonate and alkyl sulfate derived from a mixture of higher alcohols having 10 to 18 carbon atoms together with tripolyphosphate in amount equal to about three times the weight of organic sulfate and sulfonate, was sprayed into a conventional drying tower to produce granules having about 10% moisture content. The granules, at a temperature of 190' F. to 200 F., were removed continuously from the trodu o .n -r mm the ranules. The product issuing from the drum was immediately picked up by means of an air lift and deposited in suitable bins preparatory to packaging. In passage through the air lift the granules were cooled to a temperature below F.
• the product resulting from the above process possessed adequate cleansing power and was comparable in bleaching power to a carefully prepared and unsegregated mechanical mixture of the same detergent with 5% of perborate.
• the process can be repeated with other synthetic detergent, or soap, with similar improved results in the stability of the product against gravitational separation of perborate, but without appreciable decomposition of the perborate.
• Example 2 A detergent composition was in Example 1 except that 10% sodium perborale tetrahydrate was employed and except iliat go l1gu1H organic builder substances were added during passage of the granular detergent mixture through the rotating drum. Samples of the resulting product in cartons were taken from the packing line. Half of the samples were jolted 250 times with the carton upright, 100 times with the carton on its side, and then 250 times again with the carton upright to simulate severe agitation that might be experienced during handling. The remaining samples were not subjected to the jolting procedure. Available 0, analyses were made on portions of product taken from the top, middle, and bottom of cartons in each of the two groups of samples. The data showed that there was no significant segregation of perborate.
• a process of producing a non-segregating granular detergent product having bleaching power during use in aqueous solutions in washing operations comprising admixing sodium perborate tetrahydrate crystals with previously spray dried granular non-cationic synthetic organic detergent at a temperature within the range of about F. to about 230 F., said temperature being sufficient to melt said perborate tetrahydrate to form a solution of the perborate in its water of crystallization, which solution, without substantial decomposition of perborate, is absorbed by outer pores and surfaces of detergent granules, then, promptly and within five minutes cooling the resulting product before substantial decomposition of perborate occurs.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Priority Applications (9)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=23988748

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (9)

Cited By (6)

Citations (8)

• 0
  • BE BE546607D patent/BE546607A/xx unknown
  • NL NL206075D patent/NL206075A/xx unknown
• 1955
  • 1955-04-08 US US500282A patent/US2876200A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1956
  • 1956-04-05 GB GB10500/56A patent/GB792609A/en not_active Expired
  • 1956-04-06 CH CH345405D patent/CH345405A/fr unknown
  • 1956-04-06 AT AT212056A patent/AT210856B/de active
  • 1956-04-07 ES ES0227789A patent/ES227789A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1956-04-07 DE DEP16020A patent/DE1042812B/de active Pending
  • 1956-04-07 FR FR1153627D patent/FR1153627A/fr not_active Expired

Patent Citations (8)

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