US2874724A - Method and device for inserting loom pile wires - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet 1 H J SMILEY METHOD DEVICE FOR INSERTING LOOM PILE WIRES Feb. 24, 1959.

Flled Jan 24, 1957 Feb. 24, 1959 H. J, SMILEY 2,3 4,

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR msaa'rma LOOM FILE WIRES 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Jan. 2-4, 1957 0'0 N I FIGIO.

v5 mmuuummllwll METHOD AND DEVICE FOR INSERTIN G LOOM PILE WIRES Harry J. Smiley, Glasgow, Va., assignor to James Lees and Sons Company, Bridgeport, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania I Application January 24, 1957, Serial No. 636,076

13 Claims. (Cl. 139-41) This invention relates to looms for weaving pile fabrics and more particularly to an improved wire motion for use in conjunction with the needle motion in a double weft oom.

In United States Patent No. 2,715,918, issued August 23, 1955 to Eisler and Moxley, there is disclosed a modified Axminster'type loom in which uncut pile ends are woven over a single round wire. It is a primary object of the present invention to provide apparatus whereby one or more pile wires of non-uniform configuration from end to end may be used in a loom of this type. Another object is to provide a wire inserting and withdrawing mechanism capable of staggering the wire positions in accordance with a pre-determined pattern and also to avoid warpwisestreaks or valleys in the fabric.

A further object of the invention is to provide a cam controlled abutment which is movable along the raceway of the wire guide in accordance with the shape of a pattern cam.

A further object of the invention is to provide in connection with a movable abutment, means for permitting the wire latch to override the wire without becoming coupled thereto.

Further objects will be apparent from the specification and drawings in which Fig. 1 is a top view showing the wire and needle motions of a loom generally illustrated in the Eisler and Moxley patent cited above.

Fig. 2 is a side view of vthe structure of Fig. 1 showing theneedle slide in a moved position,

Fig. 3 is a transverse section as seen at 3-3 of Fig. 1,: Fig. 4 is a warpwise section of a fabric showing the manner in which it may be woven, U 1

Fig. 5 is a perspective of a multiple blade serrated wire usedin conjunction with the present invention,

Fig. 6 is a; diagrammatic view showing the movable abutment and the cam controlling the relative position of said abutment,

Fig. 7 is an end view of the structure of Fig. 6 showing the ratio between the main cam shaft and the abutment cam shaft, and

Figs. 8-11 illustrate different positions of the abutment and latch for coupling, uncoupling, and overriding.

The invention comprises essentially the provision in a loom of the Eisler and Moxley type, of a non-uniform wire which may be serrated with undulations over its upper edge or which may have a series of relatively flat high and low areas which may also be used with or without one or more blades along the wire. In weaving a fabric on a loom of this type, the construction consists of two ormore double .weftsho tsper wire insertion into the shed. In pile fabric weaving it is well known that the warp yarns are formed into a series of sheds some of which may be single sheds; i. e., two sets of warps; and some of which may be double sheds; i. e., three sets of warps. Where the ground fabric is woven simultaneously with the pile so that the pile wire is inserted into a shed ice simultaneously with a shot of weft, a double, shed is formed. In Fig. 4 a three-shot construction is shown but this may vary depending upon the type of fabric desired to be produced. Nevertheless, it will be apparent that the needle motion must reciprocate the needle two or more times to every insertion of the pile forming wire.

Accordingly, means is provided for uncoupling the wire after it has been inserted and leaving it in the shed for two or more subsequent needle insertions before it is again withdrawn. In addition, Where a non-uniform wire is used, it is important, if not essential, to stagger the uncoupled positions of the wire in the shed so that the ridges and valleys, orthe cut and uncut portions of the fabric are not always in warpwise alignment which results in a highly undesirable effect that would render the fabric unsaleable. By controlling, in accordance with a regular sequence, the position of an abutment which uncouples the wire head with the latch carried by the needle, it is possible to break up the varigated areas in the pile so that a pleasing texture or surface is achieved.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, in Figs. 1-3 the needle raceway 15 is provided with an adjustable slide 16 and an upper fixed slide 17 to which a retaining slide 18 is secured. The needle head, or carrier 19 is secured to a gib 20 which carries the needle 21 and the wire cable connectors 22, 22 under control of the usual loom motion which oscillates the needle carrier back and forth by means of the cable 25 carried around the sheave 26 and the conventional actuating connections not shown.

The needle 21 is guided by an upper roller 27 and a lower roller 28 and is used to carry double weft shots W into and through the shed of a fabric in accordance with conventional practice. A second raceway 30 is secured. to raceway 15 by means of spacers 31, 31 and the upper edge of raceway 30 is milled to slidably support and, guide a pile wire 32 which may be of the type shown in Fig. 5. Pile wire 32 has a head 33 containing an upward-v ly disposed recess 34 which is provided with front andback abutments 35 and 36 as well as an inclined surface 37. The needle head 19 also carries a pivoting latch 40 which is normally held in a downward position by means of an extension spring 41 (Fig. 2). The latch assembly 40 includes a'dog 42 or similar extension which is in' alignment or overhangs the wire 32 and is of .such shape that it will ride up the incline 37 and into notch 34. to push the wire 32 into the shed by means of contact with wall 35 or to withdraw the wire from the shedwh en thedog 42 engages the rear wall 36. Alternately, the notch 34 may be masked so that the dog 42 overrides notch 34, thus permitting the wire to remain in the shed.

The wire motion is controlled by means of camshaft 45 (Fig. 7) which in turn drives a special latch cam 46 1 through shaft 47 and beveled gears 48 and 49 which in the form illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7 have a 2-1 ratio so that cam 46 makes one half turn for every turn of camshaft 45. A pivoting lever 50 is provided with a cam follower roller 51 and is connected at its upper end to the slidable abutment assembly 52 through a link 53.

Lever 50 is pivoted at 54 under control of extension spring 55. The abutment assembly 52 shown more clearly in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 comprises a body 60 slidable on way 61 and connected to link 53 by pin 62. The upper edge of body 60 carries a stop or abutment 63 against which the forward face 64 of wire head 33 impinges when the wire is inserted. A spring clip 65 surroundsthe abutment 63; to prevent the wire from bouncing back or jumping out of the groove in raceway 30. The body member 60 is also provided with a slide 66 having inclined face 67 which serves as a mask to elevate latch 40 and to prevent the dog 42 from locking in notch 34 as illustrated in Fig. 2.

This action may be necessary whenever the needle must override and also to prevent the latch from picking up the wire and withdrawing it every time the carrier 19 is retracted.

Referring now to Figs. 6 and 8-11, a cam for weaving multi-shot fabric will be described. A typical threeshot construction which can be produced in accordance with the present invention is shown in warpwise section at Fig. 4. The position of the abutment 52 is controlled by latch cam 46 which in turn actuates lever through cam follower S1. A cycle of operation is shown in detail in the following table:

Latch Cam Gam- Needle shaft Position Wire Position Angle, Fig. Per-Degree Angle, Contact Degrees degrees in-long-couple.. O. G O 9 960111; 40 H out 45: D 6 in-short-uncouple 80. D 8 in-short-override 90 D 10 in-short 135 D' 270 in-latch override 180 I 360 ,6 out-couple at short E 370 11 position. out 225 .T 450 in-long-uncouple 270 A 540 8 in-long 315 A 630 in-long 330 F 660 in-long-couple 360 G 720 9 In short, the sequence comprises inserting the needle 21 and wire 32 during the latch cam contact are D (Fig. 6). During this time abutment assembly 52 is carried to its short position by the high lift portion of cam 46. When the wire contacts the abutment 63, surface 67 has raised latch 42 to permit it to ride over face 35 of the wire head. The abutment assembly 52 remains in the same position to mask the notch 34 in the wire head when the carrier 19 reverses, thereby leaving the wire in the shedand against abutment 63. After the needle is completely retracted the sheds change, thus binding the wire 32 in the short position whereupon cam 46 has turned to present contact area E to the cam follower 51. This, however, occurs after the latch has come in again and is returning from its override position shown in Fig. 10. With the cam or masking surface 67'withdrawn from its position in alignment with notch 34, dog 42 drops into the notch to couple the carrier 19 with the wire head 33 at the short position and thereby to withdraw the wire from the shed. On the next insertion the wire 32 is carried all the way in to its long or maximum position because the abutment 52 is positioned to uncouple the wire by means of latch cam contact area A. After uncoupling, which presumably involves a slight amount of override, the needle is retracted, the sheds change, and the needle is inserted again at approximately position F in Fig. 6. Since it is necessary to unmask the notch 34, cam 46 carries the abutment 52 and the sloping cam 67 to a maximum displaced position (G on cam 46) to permit the latch 42 to couple to the wire at the maximum in position. This completes the cycle of operation for a two-shot fabric, and it will be apparent that a suitable change in the shape of cam 46 and/or the ratio of gears 48 and 49 permits the use of a non-uniform wire with any fabric construction. Fig. 8 shows the relative position of the cam surface 67 and the wire head which occur at uncoupling or when the notch 34 is masked to prevent coupling on a return stroke. Fig. 9 illustrates the relative positions at coupling when the notch is unmasked, such as at position G in Fig. 6. Fig. 11 would illustrate the latch just before coupling at position E. Fig. 10 .shows the overriding of the carrier and its latch to uncouple the wire at the short position. Obviously, uncouplingand coupling may be arranged at a plurality of different positions by changing the design of. 46.

,4 Such would give even more varied effects with certain types of serrated or wavy wires.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a pile wire loom, a wire motion comprising a carrier horizontally slidable on a raceway, means for reciprocating said carrier, a pile wire horizontally reciprocable into and out of the shed of a fabric being woven on said loom, a selectively operable latch between said carrier and said pile wire, a movable coupler for engaging and disengaging said latch, and means for moving the coupler to cyclically vary the weftwise position at which the wire and the carrier are coupled and uncoupled.

2. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 in which the pile wire is provided. with a head having a notch therein engageable by the latch.

3. Apparatus in accordance with claim 2 in which the coupler comprises an abutment and means for masking the notchin the wire head.

4. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 having a camshaft, a pair of 21 gears driven by said camshaft, and cam controlled means driven by said gears to selectively position the uncoupling element.

5,. Apparatus in accordance with claim 3 in which the wire head is provided with a cam surface for contacting the latch, and the coupler is also provided with a cam surface for preventing the latch from engaging the notch.

6. A wire motion for a pile wire loom comprising a raceway, a carrier slidable on said raceway, means for reciprocating said carrier along the raceway, a second raceway positioned parallel to and in spaced relation to said first raceway, a pile wire slidable in said second raceway, an abutment assembly slidable on said second raceway and defining an innermost limit position for the wire, means for selectively coupling and uncoupling the pile wire to the carrier, and means for sliding the abutment assembly on the second raceway in timed relation to the movement of the carrier.

7. Apparatus in accordance with claim 6 in which the slidable abutment is controlled by a cam geared 21 to a camshaft on the loom.

8. Apparatus in accordance with claim 6 in which the pile wire has a non-uniform upper pile forming surface.

9. Apparatus in accordance with claim 6 in which the slidable abutment is provided with a spring clip for retaining the pile wire against the abutment.

10; The method of weaving a pile fabric which comprises the steps of inserting a shot of weft into a double shed of a fabric being woven, simultaneously inserting a pile wire into said double shed, leaving the wire in said shed, inserting a secondshot of weft, withdrawing said pile wire, forming a subsequent double shed, simultaneously inserting said pile wire and another shot of weft into said last-named double shed, and leaving the wire in said shed in a weftwise displaced position from its position in the first shed.

11. The method of claim 10 in which the shot is a needle inserted double weft.

12. The method of claim 10 in which the wire has a non-uniform upper pile forming edge.

13. The method of weaving a pile fabric which comprises the steps of inserting a pile wire into the shed of a fabric being woven leaving said pile wire in the shed, forming a subsequent pile shed, inserting a pile wire into said subsequent shed, and leaving said last-named pile wire in a weftwise displaced position with respect to the position of the first wire.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 635,897 Poole Oct. 31, 1899 2,715,918 Eisler et al. Aug. 23, 1955 2,752,954 Craig July 3, 1956 2,808,072 Stovall Oct. 1, 1957

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