US2862748A - Joint for carbon electrodes - Google Patents

Joint for carbon electrodes Download PDF

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Publication number
US2862748A
US2862748A US567113A US56711356A US2862748A US 2862748 A US2862748 A US 2862748A US 567113 A US567113 A US 567113A US 56711356 A US56711356 A US 56711356A US 2862748 A US2862748 A US 2862748A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
carbon
electrode
pores
nipple
joint
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US567113A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Bruce L Bailey
Leslie H Juel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GREAT LAKES CARBON Corp
Daewoo Engineering and Construction Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Daewoo Engineering and Construction Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to LU34949D priority Critical patent/LU34949A1/xx
Priority to BE555170D priority patent/BE555170A/xx
Application filed by Daewoo Engineering and Construction Co Ltd filed Critical Daewoo Engineering and Construction Co Ltd
Priority to US567113A priority patent/US2862748A/en
Priority to GB4574/57A priority patent/GB827763A/en
Priority to FR1172404D priority patent/FR1172404A/fr
Priority to DEG21548A priority patent/DE1029959B/de
Priority to ES0233838A priority patent/ES233838A1/es
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2862748A publication Critical patent/US2862748A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
    • H05B7/02—Details
    • H05B7/14—Arrangements or methods for connecting successive electrode sections
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10S403/05—Carbon electrode
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/47—Molded joint
    • Y10T403/472—Molded joint including mechanical interlock
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/47—Molded joint
    • Y10T403/477—Fusion bond, e.g., weld, etc.
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/55—Member ends joined by inserted section
    • Y10T403/556—Section threaded to member

Definitions

  • This invention pertains to joints for carbon electrodes of the type currently employed in electric steel-melting furnaces and those used in the manufacture of ferro alloy. More particularly this invention pertains to a method for forming joints in a column or string of carbon electrodes and to the means whereby these joints are formed.
  • one object of the present invention is to provide an improved column of carbon electrodes with joints having greater mechanical strength and lower electrical resistance and which are more resistant to breakage and unwinding than electrode columns heretofore employed.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a method for making such joints whereby a liquefiable, carbonizable material is placed in the pores of a carbon or graphite connecting member or nipple and which becomes available as a cementing agent during electric-furnace operation.
  • An additional object of the invention is to provide an electrode column which in service will bind or bond the electrodes together into an improved joint which will better distribute the mechanical and thermal stresses which are normally set up during furnace operation.
  • joints for a column of carbon or graphite electrodes are formed by machining a coaxial socket at each end of each electrode member of the column.
  • the socket tapers inwardly from the face of the electrode.
  • a correspondingly contoured graphite nipple is provided and both the socket and the nipple are threaded, usually with an Acme thread.
  • the socket and nipple are generally in the shape of a solid cylinder and the nipple has a round thread in contrast to the Acme thread of a graphite nipple.
  • a joint having the afore-mentioned improved properties by impregnating the nipple member with a substantial quantity of a liquefiable carbonaceous composition .in order to fill the available pores over the entire surface of the nipple and to fill a portion of the available voids in its interior structure while retaining a sufficient amount of air or other gas entrapped in the porous internal structure of the nipple.
  • the entrapped air or other gas will expand and force the liquefied composition out of the nipple and onto the surface thereof and in between the thread faces of the nipple and the socket and to a lesser extent, between the end faces of the electrodes.
  • the liquid composition will then carbonize as the joint heats up and there is thereby established a firm bond between the nipple and socket thread faces and between the end faces of the electrode members.
  • the torque required to break the resulting bond is four times that required to break a joint which has been heated without utilizing the inventive concept set forth herein.
  • a carbon or graphite solid member is machined to the general contour of the electrode socket which it will engage.
  • the premachined carbon body is then immersed in a coal-tar pitch having a softening point of between about 60 and 120 C. and maintained at a temperature of about 250 I C. under a pressure of 50 lbs., or until about 10 to about 75 of the total available pores inwardly from the entire surface have become filled with pitch.
  • This can otherwise be expressed as the percent weight increase of the carbon member which will be anywhere from 1 to depending upon the internal porosity (apparent density) of the carbon member.
  • the impregnated member is then removed from the liquid pitch, cooled and accurately machined. This presents a clean, nontacky surface to furnace operators.
  • liquefiable carbonizable composition as used herein and in the appended claims we contemplate the use of materials which are solid or only slightly plastic at room temperature such as natural tars and pitches including rosin pitch, wood pitch, gilsonite, coal-tar pitch and pitches of petroleum origin.
  • synthetic resins such as those produced by preliminary condensation of phenol and formaldehyde and similar materials, resins produced by condensation of 4 furfural and furfuryl alcohol by means of acid or alkaline catalysts, resins produced by polymerization of materials such as styrene and butadiene, acrylic resins, etc.
  • a coal-tar pitch having a softening point of from 60 C. to 120 C. for reasons of economy and because this material has a favorable coke residue.
  • a graphite nipple 11 of the type employed in our invention which is provided with an Acme thread 12 designed to engage a correspondingly threaded electrode socket.
  • the interior portion 15 of nipple is illustrated as having a porous structure and there is indicated at 14 and 16 an impregnant such as coal-tar pitch which has penetrated and filled the pores of the walls and end faces of the nipple for a distance of F half the radius thereof.
  • an amorphous carbon nipple 11 with a rounded thread 13 designed to join an amorphous carbon electrode having correspondingly threaded cylindrical sockets.
  • the gas-filled pores are illustrated at 15 and the pores filled with impregnant are illustrated at 14 and 16.
  • the impregnation operation preferentially and necessarily fills the available pores of the nipple from the entire surface thereof inwardly for a certain predetermined depth which can be best expressed or represented in terms of the overall available porosity of the nipple, i. e. from about 10 to 75% of the total available porosity.
  • electrode joints herein described may be formed by processes similar or equivalent to those specifically illustrated and other liquefiable carbonaceous compositions may be used which are equivalent to those set forth herein without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • a continuous-type electric-furnace electrode comprising at least two coaxially aligned carbon electrodes having opposed end faces, a central threaded recess in each of said faces and a carbon connecting member threaded into each of said recesses, the improvement comprising said connecting member containing a liquefiable carbonizable composition in an amount to fill the available pores of the member from the entire surface inwardly for a depth represented by from about to 75% of the total available porosity, the unfilled interior pores containing a gas.
  • a device according to claim 1 wherein the carbonizable composition is a coal-tar pitch having a softening point between about 60 and about 120 C.
  • a threaded carbon member for connecting correspondingly threaded carbon electrodes wherein the available pores of said member from the entire surface inwardly are filled with a liquefiable carbonizable composition for a depth represented by from about 10 to 75 of the total available porosity of said member, the unfilled interior pores containing a gas.
  • a device wherein the carbonizable composition is a coal-tar pitch having a softening point of between about 60 and 120 C.
  • a device wherein the carbonizable composition is a coal-tar pitch having a softening point of between about and about 120 C. and the gas in the unfilled interior pores is air.
  • a device wherein the carbonizable composition is a coal-tar pitch having a softening point of between about 60 and about 120 C. and the gas in the unfilled pores is air, the surface of the resulting impregnated carbon being substantially free from excess pitch.
  • a method of manufacturing a carbon connecting member for carbon electric-furnace electrodes having central threaded recesses at each end which comprises impregnating a carbon blank whose configuration conforms generally to the electrode recesses, solely by means of pressure with a liquefiable carbonizable composition in an amount to fill the available pores of said blank from the entire surface inwardly for a depth represented by from about 10 to of the total available porosity while retaining entrapped gas in the interior unfilled pores of the carbon blank, and machining the resultant impregnated blank to conform to the threads of the electrode recesses.
  • a method according to claim 7 in which about 10 to about 50% of the volume of available pores, including all the surface pores, contain a liquefiable carbonizable composition and the remaining available interior pores contain a gas.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Discharge Heating (AREA)
  • Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
US567113A 1956-02-23 1956-02-23 Joint for carbon electrodes Expired - Lifetime US2862748A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU34949D LU34949A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1956-02-23
BE555170D BE555170A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1956-02-23
US567113A US2862748A (en) 1956-02-23 1956-02-23 Joint for carbon electrodes
GB4574/57A GB827763A (en) 1956-02-23 1957-02-11 Threaded carbon member for connecting carbon electrodes and method of making same
FR1172404D FR1172404A (fr) 1956-02-23 1957-02-19 élément fileté en carbone destiné à relier des électrodes en carbone et son procédé de fabrication
DEG21548A DE1029959B (de) 1956-02-23 1957-02-22 Gewindenippel aus Kohlenstoffmaterial und Verfahren zur Herstellung des Gewindenippels
ES0233838A ES233838A1 (es) 1956-02-23 1957-02-22 UN PROCEDIMIENTO DE FABRICACIoN DE UNA PIEZA DE CARBoN PARA EMPLAMAR ELECTRODOS DE CARBoN

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US567113A US2862748A (en) 1956-02-23 1956-02-23 Joint for carbon electrodes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2862748A true US2862748A (en) 1958-12-02

Family

ID=24265769

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US567113A Expired - Lifetime US2862748A (en) 1956-02-23 1956-02-23 Joint for carbon electrodes

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US2862748A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE555170A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1029959B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES233838A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1172404A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB827763A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
LU (1) LU34949A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3101385A (en) * 1960-04-11 1963-08-20 Northwestern Steel & Wire Co Method and means for electric melting
US3294880A (en) * 1964-04-21 1966-12-27 Space Age Materials Corp Continuous method of manufacturing ablative and refractory materials
US4000026A (en) * 1973-03-12 1976-12-28 Union Carbide Corporation Method and cement for bonding carbon articles
US4725161A (en) * 1986-09-05 1988-02-16 Union Carbide Corporation Electrode joint
US4729689A (en) * 1984-12-13 1988-03-08 Union Carbide Corporation Electrode member and process for the production thereof
FR2864417A1 (fr) * 2003-12-18 2005-06-24 Sgl Carbon Ag Procede pour la fabrication d'une electrode en graphite et electrode en graphite obtenue selon ce procede

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1100837B (de) * 1959-05-08 1961-03-02 Duisburger Kupferhuette Hohlelektrode
CN111635735A (zh) * 2020-06-16 2020-09-08 郑州星创炉料有限公司 一种高温胶及使用该高温胶连接石墨电极的方法

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1510134A (en) * 1922-10-19 1924-09-30 Republic Carbon Company Inc Electrode for electrometallurgical furnaces
US2093390A (en) * 1934-12-19 1937-09-14 Union Carbide & Carbon Corp Means and method of making electrode joints
US2461365A (en) * 1944-11-02 1949-02-08 C D Patents Ltd Production of shaped and carbonized articles from coal
US2510230A (en) * 1949-01-15 1950-06-06 Union Carbide & Carbon Corp Electrode joint
US2637072A (en) * 1948-06-02 1953-05-05 C D Patents Ltd Manufacture of carbon molded bodies
US2735705A (en) * 1954-10-12 1956-02-21 Electrode joint
US2810117A (en) * 1955-07-07 1957-10-15 Speer Carbon Company Electrode connecting nipple

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1510134A (en) * 1922-10-19 1924-09-30 Republic Carbon Company Inc Electrode for electrometallurgical furnaces
US2093390A (en) * 1934-12-19 1937-09-14 Union Carbide & Carbon Corp Means and method of making electrode joints
US2461365A (en) * 1944-11-02 1949-02-08 C D Patents Ltd Production of shaped and carbonized articles from coal
US2637072A (en) * 1948-06-02 1953-05-05 C D Patents Ltd Manufacture of carbon molded bodies
US2510230A (en) * 1949-01-15 1950-06-06 Union Carbide & Carbon Corp Electrode joint
US2735705A (en) * 1954-10-12 1956-02-21 Electrode joint
US2810117A (en) * 1955-07-07 1957-10-15 Speer Carbon Company Electrode connecting nipple

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3101385A (en) * 1960-04-11 1963-08-20 Northwestern Steel & Wire Co Method and means for electric melting
US3294880A (en) * 1964-04-21 1966-12-27 Space Age Materials Corp Continuous method of manufacturing ablative and refractory materials
US4000026A (en) * 1973-03-12 1976-12-28 Union Carbide Corporation Method and cement for bonding carbon articles
US4729689A (en) * 1984-12-13 1988-03-08 Union Carbide Corporation Electrode member and process for the production thereof
US4725161A (en) * 1986-09-05 1988-02-16 Union Carbide Corporation Electrode joint
FR2864417A1 (fr) * 2003-12-18 2005-06-24 Sgl Carbon Ag Procede pour la fabrication d'une electrode en graphite et electrode en graphite obtenue selon ce procede
WO2005060027A1 (de) * 2003-12-18 2005-06-30 Sgl Carbon Ag Verfahren zur herstellung von graphitelektroden

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1172404A (fr) 1959-02-10
BE555170A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1900-01-01
DE1029959B (de) 1958-05-14
ES233838A1 (es) 1957-10-16
LU34949A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB827763A (en) 1960-02-10

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