US2861036A - Vat for electro-metallurgy - Google Patents

Vat for electro-metallurgy Download PDF

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Publication number
US2861036A
US2861036A US494516A US49451655A US2861036A US 2861036 A US2861036 A US 2861036A US 494516 A US494516 A US 494516A US 49451655 A US49451655 A US 49451655A US 2861036 A US2861036 A US 2861036A
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United States
Prior art keywords
vat
sides
tie
electro
metallurgy
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Expired - Lifetime
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US494516A
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English (en)
Inventor
Simon-Suisse Jean-Charles
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PECHINEY COMPAGUIE DE PROD CHI
PECHINEY COMPAGUIE DE PRODUITS CHIMIQUES ET ELECTROMETALLURGIQUES
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PECHINEY COMPAGUIE DE PROD CHI
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
    • C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
    • C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the construction of vats Qused in the electro-metallurgical industry, and especially to those vats of the kind which are used in the production of aluminium by electrolysis.
  • Vats of this kind are generally constituted by a metallic casingv which is internally lined with a suitable lining known as brasking.
  • a suitable lining known as brasking.
  • it is the brasking which forms the cathode or :anode, whilst at the same time it receives the bath of alumina and molten aluminium.
  • the casing of these vats formed by a bottom and four sides, has the appearance of a box open at its upper part.
  • the bottom and the sides are stiffened by the types of reinforcement usually employed in metal construction work, so as to withstand both static stresses and the deformation which can be produced due to various causes.
  • the present invention has for its object to overcome these drawbacks and to improve the performance and the life of these vats, both in respect of the metallic of the metallurgical processes. Whilst in the case of rigid vats of previous kinds, accidents frequently occur due to breaking of the brasking, such accidents are avoided with vats having walls with elastic displacements which can follow the deformation of the brasking without causing rupture of this latter.
  • the usual means of strengthening the vat, intended to render it capable of withstanding the stresses due to the transformation of the brasking, are eliminated.
  • the supports may also be appreciably lighter. As'they no longerhave to withstand deformation, the value of which is*-"difiicult if not impossible to estimate, the elements may be exactly calculated as a function of perfectly wellknown stresses, without the excess of material which is usually'provided as a measure of safety.
  • Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic-view inperspective of the general arrangement of the vat.
  • - Fig. 2 is a half view in longitudinal cross section.
  • Fig. 3 is a half view in'transver'se cross-section.
  • Fig. 4 shows in cross-section the details of the coupling of the sides of the elements with the baseof the vat.
  • Fig. 5 is a plan view corresponding'to; Fig. 4-.
  • Fig. 6 is a longitudinal cross-section of an alternative form of embodiment.
  • Fig. 7 is a transverse cross-section'of the alternative form shown in Fig. 6.
  • Fig. 8 shows a longitudinal cross-section of a further form of embodiment.
  • Fig. 9 is an explanatory curve in connection-with the form of embodiment shown in Fig. 8.
  • vat in accordance with the invention instead'of being formed by a casing in one single piece, is made up of elements or members which can have a certain relative movement with respect'to each other.
  • the metallic casing is composed of a flat member 1 which forms the base, ⁇ of longitudinal sides 2 andof transverse sides 3." These members are separate and -are placed one on the other without being assembled togetherin' arigidmanner.
  • elastic means such as springs 4,- are applied against the walls, the-said springs being supported on the members 5 of the fixed steel framework.
  • the springs 4 are adjustable in such manner that the compression forces which they apply to the sides 2' and 30f the casing are amply proportioned with respectto the stresses produced by the deformation of the in-' terior brasking.
  • tallic framework which constitute the support forthe vat. These members consist of girders 7 spaced-apart.
  • the girders ⁇ which carry the plate 1 forming the base of the vat are mounted on the girders 7.
  • the sides 2 are formed by elastic spring blades which are fixed to the cradle 12 at 14 and at their other extremities to the brackets 15 which are rigidly secured to the girders 9.
  • This'assembly permits the sides 2 to have ahorizontal sliding movement without frictional contact.
  • the mobility'of the sides 2 may be obtained by mounting'the cradles 12 on rollers trav- 1 Patented-Nov;18,1958
  • girders 9 are rigidlly fixed to the longitudinal sides 2 (see Fig. 3) with their folded in edge 25 applied against the base 1 of: the vat. '1"-he side 3 is carried by the cradles. 17 which are themed-W8 supported on spring blades 18,- secured to angle-iron members 19 rigidly fixed to the girder 7. (or by rollers or slides).
  • the cradles 1.7 are stayed, in opposition to the stresses due to. the deformation of the brasking, by means of springs 20. which are fixed to the upright; members ii, and which are. adjustable,
  • the contact face 21 of the spring. is firmly secured to a. screw; 22 inserted in a threaded. sleeve 23 fixed to the support 10 (or 8).
  • the screw 22. is provided with ausquare section 24 intended to receive the lever or the adjusting key..
  • it. is an advantage to provide a gauge, rigidly fixed on the cradle 17 (or 12), the position ofjwhich, with respect to a fixed member such as the uprights 8; or 1 enables. the length of the spring to be -observed and. in. consequence the load which it carries, may be estimated.
  • the sides 2 and 3 supported by the cradles 12 and 17- capable of longitudinal movement have their edges 11. and. 25 overlaid on the base 1 which isfixedlon the girders 9.
  • the sides). and 3 lendthemselves to deformation, whilst at the same time they are retainedby the springs 16 and 20.
  • edges lland: 25 In order to. permit of. this sliding movement of. the edges lland: 25 without the latter becoming displaced from the. basel by a dangerous amount, they are connectedto the base 1 in the manner shown in Figs. 4..and 5.
  • Thesliding edge, 11 for example, is provided. with a series ofrivets 26, the. shanks 27 of which are engaged. in elongatedslots 283 formed in the base 1..
  • the head 29 of each rivet engages with a circular plate. 32 which is wider; than;,the slot 28. Thisplate 32 is retained. in position by. aspacing collar 31 fitted on the shank 27 of the rivet 2 6 With. this arrangement, the edge 11 slides over the base 1 in accordance with thenecessities of the deformation. of. the.
  • metal lips 33 and 34. are fi xed to the upper edge 'of the sides 2 and 3 and rest on the slabs 35 which form the service floor.
  • the cradles12' and 17 are dispensed with.
  • To the sides 2 and 3 of the vat are directly fixed supporting pillars which rest directly on the foundations.
  • To each of the sides-2 is fixed a pillar 36, of which the free lower end 37 can be supported on a portion 38 of the concrete block 6, but without however being fixed in it.
  • the pillars 36 of the two opposite sides 2 are coupled together by a tie-rod 39, the tension of which is adjustable.
  • the tie-rod 39,fixed on the pillar 37 at one side isfixed to the pillar 37 on, the other side to the intermediary of a calibrated spring 40.
  • the tension of the spring. 40. is regulatedjby the nut 41 which screws on to the threaded end of the tie-rod 39.
  • tie-rod of the second pillar being shown at 39- with. a spring on the opposite side to thespring 40.
  • Each of the transverse sides is provided with a pillar 42, the lower end 43 of which is free.
  • On the pillar 43 is mounted, through the intermediary of the spring 44, adjustable by the nut 45, a tie-rod 46.
  • the other end of the tie-rod 46 is fixed to a member 47 which is attached to the steel framework 7.
  • the casing thus made up of elastically-sliding sides may be provided with orifices such as the slots 48, for
  • the reference number 49 indicates the assembly of rivets and elongated slots which couple the sides 2, 3 with the base 1 or with each other.
  • tie-rods instead of effecting the tensioning arrangements by tie-rods with adjustable springs, the tensile stresses of the tie-rods themselves may be employed, with the condition that these stresses are made to correspond to the zone of plastic deformation of the steel of which these tie-rods are made.
  • the tie-rod 39 connecting two: pillars 37 is fixed to these pillars in a rigid manner at 50.
  • the dimensions of. the tie-rod are chosen so.that under the pressure P which it is necessary to apply tothe walls of. the vat in order to obtain suitable cohesion of the linings, it is subjected to a stress F which corresponds to the point A of the stress-deformation curve for the metal (see Fig. 9), this point A being the elastic limitv of the metal employed.
  • the walls of'the vat are. displaced outwards and the tierod. stretches, following theline AB of plastic deformation, without appreciable increasein the stress F applied to: the tie-rod. Nevertheless, the wall may move back so as. again to be located on the deformation curve A-B. If, for example, an accidental contraction of the brasking has taken place, the stress on the tie-rods falls awayi sharply and. the metal which has reached the point C in the zone of. plastic deformation, follows the path C-. -D parallel to O-A. When the wall again takes up its position, the metal follows the path DE and then continues its. elongation. along the portion E-D.
  • Apparatus. for electro-rnetallurgy comprising a metallic casing having a carbonaceous lining and comprising five separate elements, namely, a flat bottom, and four sides slidably engaging said bottom, support means comprising means underlying and sustaining said fiat bottom, adjustable elastic means mounted on said support means and operatively engaging said sides for permiting movement of said sides relative to said bottom.
  • Apparatus for electro-metallurgy as in claim 1 and further comprising cradles supporting said sides,. and second support means carried by said first support means and connected to-said cradles; and permitting horizontal movement of said sides.
  • A.vat asset forth in claim 4, wherein the flat bottorn is provided with. elongated slots and the inturned portions are provided with rivets having the shanks there- References Cited in the file of this patent of slidably mounted in said SlOtS. FOREIGN PATENTS 6.
  • a 16 1952 able elastic means comprise a steel tie Tod having a conn "f' trolled elastic deformation and provide an elastic tension 5 between each pair of sides of the casing and at right angles to said sides.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
US494516A 1954-03-29 1955-03-15 Vat for electro-metallurgy Expired - Lifetime US2861036A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1005739X 1954-03-29

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US2861036A true US2861036A (en) 1958-11-18

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US (1) US2861036A (fr)
DE (1) DE1005739B (fr)
FR (1) FR1102097A (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3110660A (en) * 1960-11-28 1963-11-12 Reynolds Metals Co Cathode structure for electrolytic reduction cell
US3400068A (en) * 1965-06-28 1968-09-03 Reynolds Metals Co Pot shell for fused bath electrolysis
US3421995A (en) * 1965-06-18 1969-01-14 Pechiney Prod Chimiques Sa Means for preventing deformation and raising of baths for igneous electrolysis
US3494851A (en) * 1967-05-17 1970-02-10 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Electrolytic cells
FR2355093A1 (fr) * 1976-06-16 1978-01-13 Alusuisse Cellule d'electrolyse pour la fabrication d'aluminium
FR2467891A1 (fr) * 1979-10-17 1981-04-30 Alusuisse Cuve pour electrolyse dont les elements de renfort lateraux des parois sont etudies pour equilibrer la dilatation thermique des parois de la cuve
US4421625A (en) * 1981-05-20 1983-12-20 Swiss Aluminum Ltd. Lower part of a fused salt electrolytic cell
US4488955A (en) * 1983-05-16 1984-12-18 Aluminium Pechiney Sub-cathodic shield with deformable zones for Hall-Heroult electrolysis cells
US4556468A (en) * 1984-09-26 1985-12-03 Aluminum Company Of America Electrolytic cell
WO1989001061A1 (fr) * 1987-07-29 1989-02-09 Lathion, Yan Four a electrolyse
WO2016077932A1 (fr) * 2014-11-21 2016-05-26 Hatch Ltd. Caisson de cellule de réduction d'aluminium à profil bas et procédé d'augmentation de la capacité de production d'une ligne de cuves de cellule de réduction d'aluminium

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1012545A (fr) * 1949-11-17 1952-07-11 Perfectionnements aux fours servant à l'électrolyse par voie ignée et à l'électrométallurgie

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1012545A (fr) * 1949-11-17 1952-07-11 Perfectionnements aux fours servant à l'électrolyse par voie ignée et à l'électrométallurgie

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3110660A (en) * 1960-11-28 1963-11-12 Reynolds Metals Co Cathode structure for electrolytic reduction cell
US3421995A (en) * 1965-06-18 1969-01-14 Pechiney Prod Chimiques Sa Means for preventing deformation and raising of baths for igneous electrolysis
US3400068A (en) * 1965-06-28 1968-09-03 Reynolds Metals Co Pot shell for fused bath electrolysis
US3494851A (en) * 1967-05-17 1970-02-10 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Electrolytic cells
FR2355093A1 (fr) * 1976-06-16 1978-01-13 Alusuisse Cellule d'electrolyse pour la fabrication d'aluminium
FR2467891A1 (fr) * 1979-10-17 1981-04-30 Alusuisse Cuve pour electrolyse dont les elements de renfort lateraux des parois sont etudies pour equilibrer la dilatation thermique des parois de la cuve
US4421625A (en) * 1981-05-20 1983-12-20 Swiss Aluminum Ltd. Lower part of a fused salt electrolytic cell
US4488955A (en) * 1983-05-16 1984-12-18 Aluminium Pechiney Sub-cathodic shield with deformable zones for Hall-Heroult electrolysis cells
US4556468A (en) * 1984-09-26 1985-12-03 Aluminum Company Of America Electrolytic cell
WO1989001061A1 (fr) * 1987-07-29 1989-02-09 Lathion, Yan Four a electrolyse
AU602787B2 (en) * 1987-07-29 1990-10-25 Jean Lathion Electrolytic furnace
US5108572A (en) * 1987-07-29 1992-04-28 Yan Lathion Electrolytic furnace
WO2016077932A1 (fr) * 2014-11-21 2016-05-26 Hatch Ltd. Caisson de cellule de réduction d'aluminium à profil bas et procédé d'augmentation de la capacité de production d'une ligne de cuves de cellule de réduction d'aluminium
WO2016077931A1 (fr) * 2014-11-21 2016-05-26 Hatch Ltd. Cuve à rebords abaissés pour cellule d'aluminium et procédé visant à augmenter la productivité d'une ligne de cuves contenant des cellules d'aluminium
CN107002263A (zh) * 2014-11-21 2017-08-01 哈奇有限公司 低轮廓铝电解槽罐壳和提高铝电解槽系列的生产能力的方法
CN107002263B (zh) * 2014-11-21 2019-08-30 哈奇有限公司 低轮廓铝电解槽罐壳和提高铝电解槽系列的生产能力的方法
US10889906B2 (en) 2014-11-21 2021-01-12 Hatch Ltd. Low-profile aluminum cell potshell and method for increasing the production capacity of an aluminum cell potline

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1005739B (de) 1957-04-04
FR1102097A (fr) 1955-10-17

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