US2853395A - Cellulosic sponge process - Google Patents
Cellulosic sponge process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2853395A US2853395A US415971A US41597154A US2853395A US 2853395 A US2853395 A US 2853395A US 415971 A US415971 A US 415971A US 41597154 A US41597154 A US 41597154A US 2853395 A US2853395 A US 2853395A
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- Prior art keywords
- sponge
- viscose
- fibers
- cellulosic
- reinforcing fibers
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2301/00—Characterised by the use of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
Definitions
- This invention relates to the production of artificial sponge. More particularly, it relates to the production of cellulosic sponge from cellulosic solutions or dispersions such as viscose.
- a pasty mass is prepared by mixing together viscose (cellulose xanthate dissolved in caustic soda solution), strength-giving fibers such as hemp or jute, and a soluble pore-forming substance such as sodium sulfate decahydrate.
- viscose cellulose xanthate dissolved in caustic soda solution
- strength-giving fibers such as hemp or jute
- a soluble pore-forming substance such as sodium sulfate decahydrate.
- This mixture is placed in molds and coagulated and regenerated by means of heat and/ or the chemical action of a suitable solution. After coagulation and regeneration have been completed, the pore-forming substance is melted or washed from the mass; and the resulting cellulosic sponge-like material is Washed, dried and/or subjected to other finishing treatments, and then out into appropriate blocks.
- a well formed sponge produced in accordance with the process just described will have fibers uniformly distributed throughout the sponge structure. However, even though the fibers are
- An object of this invention is to provide a process for producing substantially knot-free cellulosic sponges. Another object is to provide steps for the uniform and stable distribution of reinforcing (strengthgiving) fibers in a cellulosic sponge derived from viscose.
- the present invention comprises dispersing reinforcing fibers in a liquid medium selected from the group consisting of water and dilute aqueous caustic soda solution, and thereafter mixing the resulting dispersion with cellulose xanthate whereby to form viscose having reinforcing fibers uniformly distributed therethrough.
- the fiber-containing viscose so produced is thereafter treated by known methods to form a cellulosic sponge structure; e.
- a soluble pore-forming substance is incorporated in the fiber-containing viscose to form a sponge mix which is placed in molds and is then coagulated and regenerated, after which the pore-forming substance is removed and the resulting cellulosic sponge structure is washed and dried.
- the completed sponge mix is then placed in molds and is coagulated and regenerated by means of heat, as described in United States Patent No. 1,909,629 (Pfannenstiel et al.) or No. 2,133,810 (Craigue).
- the coagulated sponges are removed from the molds, washed, bleached, purified, dried and/ or subjected to other finishing treatments, and then cut into suitable blocks.
- the reinforcing fibers are thoroughly wetted and dispersed before the mix becomes thick and viscous due to the addition of the cellulose xanthate.
- Another advantage of the present invention is that fibers difiicult to fiuif and, hence, heretofore rejected as reinforcing fibers in sponge structures, can now be used.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
Description
United St tes Patent 2,853,395 CELLULOSIC SPONGE PROCESS Robert Otto Osborn, Snyder, N. Y., assignor to E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, Wilmington, Del., a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application March 12, 1954 Serial No. 415,971
2 Claims. (Cl. 106122) This invention relates to the production of artificial sponge. More particularly, it relates to the production of cellulosic sponge from cellulosic solutions or dispersions such as viscose.
In the usual manufacture of artificial cellulosic sponge,
a pasty mass is prepared by mixing together viscose (cellulose xanthate dissolved in caustic soda solution), strength-giving fibers such as hemp or jute, and a soluble pore-forming substance such as sodium sulfate decahydrate. This mixture is placed in molds and coagulated and regenerated by means of heat and/ or the chemical action of a suitable solution. After coagulation and regeneration have been completed, the pore-forming substance is melted or washed from the mass; and the resulting cellulosic sponge-like material is Washed, dried and/or subjected to other finishing treatments, and then out into appropriate blocks. A well formed sponge produced in accordance with the process just described will have fibers uniformly distributed throughout the sponge structure. However, even though the fibers are incorporated in the viscose with thorough mixing, the fibers have a marked tendency to aggregate in clumps or knots which result in undesirable stiff lumps in an otherwise soft sponge.
An object of this invention, therefore, is to provide a process for producing substantially knot-free cellulosic sponges. Another object is to provide steps for the uniform and stable distribution of reinforcing (strengthgiving) fibers in a cellulosic sponge derived from viscose.
The foregoing and other objects will more clearly appear hereinafter.
These objects are realized by the present invention which, briefly stated, comprises dispersing reinforcing fibers in a liquid medium selected from the group consisting of water and dilute aqueous caustic soda solution, and thereafter mixing the resulting dispersion with cellulose xanthate whereby to form viscose having reinforcing fibers uniformly distributed therethrough. The fiber-containing viscose so produced is thereafter treated by known methods to form a cellulosic sponge structure; e. g., a soluble pore-forming substance is incorporated in the fiber-containing viscose to form a sponge mix which is placed in molds and is then coagulated and regenerated, after which the pore-forming substance is removed and the resulting cellulosic sponge structure is washed and dried.
Reference is made to United States Patent No. 2,295,- 823 for a full disclosure of the materials as well as the amounts and conditions that may be used in connection with the steps of the process of this invention for producing cellulosic sponges from viscose. It is to be understood, of course, that any fiber that will impart strength to the sponge structure, and that any suitable pore-forming substance, may be employed herein in place of the specific fibers and soluble pore-forming substances disclosed in United States Patent No. 2,295,823. Moreover, coagulation and/ or regeneration of the sponge mixture may be effected by any known expedient, and the Patented Spt. 23, 1958 "Ice.
resulting sponge structure may be subjected to any desired finishing treatments.-
The following example of a preferred embodiment further illustrates the principles and practice of this invention. Parts and percentages are by weight unless otherwise indicated.
EXAMPLE Ingredients are added to a mixer in the following order and mixed as specified:
The completed sponge mix is then placed in molds and is coagulated and regenerated by means of heat, as described in United States Patent No. 1,909,629 (Pfannenstiel et al.) or No. 2,133,810 (Craigue). The coagulated sponges are removed from the molds, washed, bleached, purified, dried and/ or subjected to other finishing treatments, and then cut into suitable blocks.
Examination of the sponge blocks reveals that knots are practically eliminated by the method of this invention. Knot values for sponges made according to the old method (adding fibers to the viscose) are given for comparative purposes. See Table I.
Table I KNOTS IN SPONGES Total Number of Knots 1% x 3% x 53 16 Oval-shaped sponge cut in half:
x 4 x 2 x45 "x7" 2 large blocks cut into strips wide 6 large blocks cut into strips 15 or 2.5 per Mg" wide.
block.
By reason of the improvement of the present invention, the reinforcing fibers are thoroughly wetted and dispersed before the mix becomes thick and viscous due to the addition of the cellulose xanthate. Another advantage of the present invention is that fibers difiicult to fiuif and, hence, heretofore rejected as reinforcing fibers in sponge structures, can now be used.
I claim:
1. In the manufacture of cellulosic sponges wherein viscose, reinforcing fibers, and a pore-forming substance are combined to form a sponge mix which is then coagulated, regenerated, and purified to form a sponge structure, the improvement which comprises the steps of dispersing said reinforcing fibers in a liquid medium consisting of a member selected from the group consisting of water and dilute aqueous caustic soda solution, and thereafter mixing the resulting dispersion with cellulose 3' i 4 xanthate, whereby to form viscose having reinforcing 2,266,313 Ehlers et a1 Dec. 16, 1941 fibers uniformly distributed therethrough. 2,331,936 Schiosser et a1. Oct. 19, 1943 2. The process according to claim 1 wherein said liquid 2,354,260 Haney et a1 July 25, 1944 medium is dilute aqueous caustic soda solution. 2,495,237 Petiton Jan. 24, 1950 5 References Cited in the file of this patent FOREIGN PATENTS UNITED STATES PATENTS 1 438,851 Great Britain Nov. 25, 1935 1,974,393 Mostny Sept. 18,1934 866,132 France June 18, 1941
Claims (1)
1. IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CELLUISOIC SPONGES WHEREIN VISCOSE, REINFORCING FIBERS, AND A PORE-FORMING SUBSTANCE ARE COMBINED TO FORM A SPONGE MIX WHICH IS THEN COAGULATED, REGENERATED, AND PURIFICED TO FORM A SPONE STRUCTURE, THE IMPROVEMENT WHICH COMPRISES THE STEPS OF DISPERSING SAID REINFORCING FIBERS IN A LIQUID MEDIUM CONSISTING OF A MEMBER SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF WATER AND DILUTE AQUEOUS CAUSTIC SODA SOLUTION, AND THEREAFTER MIXING THE RESULTING DISPERSION WITH CELLULOSE XANTHATE, WHEREBY TO FORM VISCOSE HAVING REINFORCING FBERS UNIFORMLY DISTRIBUTED THERETHROUGH.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US415971A US2853395A (en) | 1954-03-12 | 1954-03-12 | Cellulosic sponge process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US415971A US2853395A (en) | 1954-03-12 | 1954-03-12 | Cellulosic sponge process |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US2853395A true US2853395A (en) | 1958-09-23 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US415971A Expired - Lifetime US2853395A (en) | 1954-03-12 | 1954-03-12 | Cellulosic sponge process |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3110602A (en) * | 1960-04-20 | 1963-11-12 | Nylonge Corp | The method of producing a regenerated cellulose sponge |
US3131076A (en) * | 1961-05-04 | 1964-04-28 | Courtaulds Ltd | Process for making cellulose sponge |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1974393A (en) * | 1930-06-05 | 1934-09-18 | Ig Farbenindustrie Ag | Manufacture of artificial sponges |
GB438851A (en) * | 1935-04-24 | 1935-11-25 | Joseph Speyer | Manufacture of artificial sponges |
FR866132A (en) * | 1940-03-02 | 1941-06-18 | Andre Citroe N | Process for obtaining cellular agglomerates |
US2266313A (en) * | 1939-06-24 | 1941-12-16 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of making a filtering substance |
US2331936A (en) * | 1940-03-01 | 1943-10-19 | Rayonier Inc | Method of improving the processing of refined chemical pulp into viscose by adding cation active agents |
US2354260A (en) * | 1941-04-26 | 1944-07-25 | Celanese Corp | Cellular material |
US2495237A (en) * | 1946-10-14 | 1950-01-24 | Novacel Soc | Method of making sponge-forming compositions |
-
1954
- 1954-03-12 US US415971A patent/US2853395A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1974393A (en) * | 1930-06-05 | 1934-09-18 | Ig Farbenindustrie Ag | Manufacture of artificial sponges |
GB438851A (en) * | 1935-04-24 | 1935-11-25 | Joseph Speyer | Manufacture of artificial sponges |
US2266313A (en) * | 1939-06-24 | 1941-12-16 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of making a filtering substance |
US2331936A (en) * | 1940-03-01 | 1943-10-19 | Rayonier Inc | Method of improving the processing of refined chemical pulp into viscose by adding cation active agents |
FR866132A (en) * | 1940-03-02 | 1941-06-18 | Andre Citroe N | Process for obtaining cellular agglomerates |
US2354260A (en) * | 1941-04-26 | 1944-07-25 | Celanese Corp | Cellular material |
US2495237A (en) * | 1946-10-14 | 1950-01-24 | Novacel Soc | Method of making sponge-forming compositions |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3110602A (en) * | 1960-04-20 | 1963-11-12 | Nylonge Corp | The method of producing a regenerated cellulose sponge |
US3131076A (en) * | 1961-05-04 | 1964-04-28 | Courtaulds Ltd | Process for making cellulose sponge |
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