US2847272A - Production of artificial filaments, threads and the like - Google Patents

Production of artificial filaments, threads and the like Download PDF

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Publication number
US2847272A
US2847272A US429324A US42932454A US2847272A US 2847272 A US2847272 A US 2847272A US 429324 A US429324 A US 429324A US 42932454 A US42932454 A US 42932454A US 2847272 A US2847272 A US 2847272A
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United States
Prior art keywords
viscose
filaments
production
mercapto
skin
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Expired - Lifetime
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US429324A
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English (en)
Inventor
Edwards John Harold
Tallis Ernest Edward
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Akzo Nobel UK PLC
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Courtaulds PLC
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Publication date
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F2/06—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from viscose
    • D01F2/08—Composition of the spinning solution or the bath
    • D01F2/10—Addition to the spinning solution or spinning bath of substances which exert their effect equally well in either

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the production of artificial filaments, threads, fibres and the like hereinafter referred to as filaments, from viscose.
  • viscose filaments produced by the normal spinning, processes have a crenulated surface and a structure which consists of a skin and a core. This skin and core effect can be demonstrated by staining a cross-section of the filaments under specific conditions with selected dyestuffs. In addition to the difference in dyeing aflinity and in swelling property between the skin and core, the cellulose molecules of the skin are believed to be more highly orientated than those of the core.
  • the object of the present invention is to obtain modified viscose filaments which have a skin substantially thicker than is normally obtained.
  • a process for the production of artificial filaments comprises extruding viscose containing at least 0.1 millimole per 100 grams of viscose of a mercapto thiazole having the general formula where M represents hydrogen or a metal radical or a basic radical into an aqueous coagulating bath containing sulphuric acid, sodium sulphate, and zinc sulphate.
  • M represents hydrogen or a metal radical or a basic radical
  • the. benzene ring may be substituted, for example by a halogen or the benzene ring may be replaced by a naphthalene residue.
  • the preferred minimum concentration for addition to the viscose is one millimole per 100 grams of viscose and the preferred maximum concentration is 5 millimoles per 100 grams of viscose.
  • the filaments obtained have a skin substantially thicker than normal and by adjusting the amount of mercapto thiazole added filaments with non-crenulated surfaces are obtained.
  • the cross-sectional shape and the crenulation of the surface of the filaments is dependent on the particular mercapto thiazole being used and the quantity added to the viscose. Tests may be necessary in order to determine the quantity of mercapto thiazole necessary to give a desired cross-sectional shape and a surface free from crenulations.
  • Metal salts of mercapto thiazoles are preferred to the ammonium or amine salts of mercapto thiazoles for carrying out the process of the present invention since the metal salts do not substantially alter the rate of ripening of the viscose.
  • the coagulating bath preferably contains from /2 to percent of zinc sulphate.
  • the present invention also includes viscose containing at least 0.1 millimole per 100 grams of the viscose of a mercapto thiazole having the general formula ice where M represents hydrogen or a metal radical or a basic radical, and the benzene ring may be substituted, for example by a halogen, or the benzene ring may be replaced by a naphthalene residue.
  • the preferred mercapto thiazole for use according to the present invention is mercapto benzthiazole in the form of its sodium salt.
  • the filaments obtained by the process of the invention have a lower water imbibition than unmodified viscose filaments and they have a reduced gel swelling factor.
  • the distance from the jet at which the thread becomes neutralised is considerably increased by the presence of a mercapto thiazole in the viscose.
  • the process of the present invention enables unripened or so-called green viscose to be spun.
  • Viscose containing 7.4 percent of cellulose, 7.0 percent of caustic soda and 1.1 percent of combined sulphur was prepared in the usual manner. 1.5 millimoles per 100 grams of viscose of the sodium salt of mercapto benzthiazole were added and the viscose was mixed for one hour. When the viscose was 48 hours old from the beginning of the mixing stage and had a salt figure of 5.7 it was ready for spinning.
  • the viscose was extruded through a jet having 750 holes, each 0.003 inch in diameter, into an aqueous coagulating bath containing 9.5 percent of sulphuric acid, 20 percent of sodium sulphate and 4.5 percent of zinc sulphate to give a thread of 1550 denier and 750 filaments.
  • the length of immersion in the bath was 24 inches and the temperature of the bath was 48 C.
  • the thread was drawn from the bath at a rate of 28 metres per minute by a godet and then passed through a dilute sulphuric acid bath maintained at a temperature of 95 C., to a second godet rotating at a higher speed than the first godet, to impart an percent stretch to the thread.
  • the thread was collected in a centrifugal spinning box rotating at 4000 revolutions per minute. The cake obtained was washed free from acid and a suitable finish applied and dried.
  • the filaments had a non-crenulated surface and the filaments were been shaped in cross-section.
  • the amount of skin was at least 50 percent greater than the amount found in filaments spun under identical conditions without the addition of mercapto benzthiazole to the viscose. Moreover the boundary between the skin and core was very diffuse.
  • Figure 1 shows stained cross-sections of filaments from unmodified viscose and Figure 2 the stained cross-sections of filaments spun in the presence of mercapto benzthiazole.
  • the bean shaped cross-section, thick skin and diffuse boundary between skin and core of the filaments of Figure 2 contrasts with the substantially circular crosssection, crenulated surface, thin skin and sharp boundary between the skin and core of the unmodified filaments of Figure 1.
  • a process for the production of artificial filaments comprising extruding viscose containing at least 0.1 milli mole per 100 grams of viscose of a mercapto thiazole having the general formula Where M represents a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkali metal radical and a nitrogen-containing basic radical into an aqueous coagulating bath containing sulphuric acid, sodium sulphate and zinc sulphate.
  • a process for the production of artificial filaments comprising extruding viscose containing at least 0.1 millimole per 100 grams of viscose of mercapto benzthiazole into an aqueous coagulating bath containing sulphuric acid, sodium sulphate and ziucsulphate.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
US429324A 1953-06-25 1954-05-12 Production of artificial filaments, threads and the like Expired - Lifetime US2847272A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB17616/53A GB755469A (en) 1953-06-25 1953-06-25 Improvements in and relating to the production of artificial filaments, threads and the like from viscose

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2847272A true US2847272A (en) 1958-08-12

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ID=10098254

Family Applications (1)

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US429324A Expired - Lifetime US2847272A (en) 1953-06-25 1954-05-12 Production of artificial filaments, threads and the like

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US2847272A (xx)
BE (1) BE529914A (xx)
CH (1) CH326495A (xx)
DE (1) DE953553C (xx)
FR (1) FR1102898A (xx)
GB (1) GB755469A (xx)
NL (1) NL82847C (xx)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2953468A (en) * 1955-10-25 1960-09-20 American Enka Corp Production of shaped objects from viscose
US2953426A (en) * 1954-11-25 1960-09-20 American Enka Corp Production of shaped objects from viscose
US2958569A (en) * 1954-10-20 1960-11-01 American Enka Corp Production of threads and other shaped objects from viscose
US3388117A (en) * 1963-03-28 1968-06-11 Courtaulds North America Inc Filaments of regenerated cellulose

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2535044A (en) * 1947-04-26 1950-12-26 Du Pont Spinning of viscose
US2593466A (en) * 1948-07-16 1952-04-22 Ind Rayon Corp Viscose spinning solution
US2648611A (en) * 1947-11-19 1953-08-11 American Viscose Corp Addition of urea to viscose
US2705184A (en) * 1949-08-25 1955-03-29 Textile & Chemical Res Company Process for the production of rayon products
US2732279A (en) * 1951-12-07 1956-01-24 Shozo tachikawa

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR438448A (fr) * 1910-11-08 1912-05-17 Leon Lilienfeld Procédé de production d'apprets, d'encollages, de remplissages, de couches d'impression, de report et d'enduit, de recouvrements de tout genre, de pellicules photographiques, de fils, d'agglutinants, de luts, de liants, et de masses élastiques, de meme que plastiques

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2535044A (en) * 1947-04-26 1950-12-26 Du Pont Spinning of viscose
US2648611A (en) * 1947-11-19 1953-08-11 American Viscose Corp Addition of urea to viscose
US2593466A (en) * 1948-07-16 1952-04-22 Ind Rayon Corp Viscose spinning solution
US2705184A (en) * 1949-08-25 1955-03-29 Textile & Chemical Res Company Process for the production of rayon products
US2732279A (en) * 1951-12-07 1956-01-24 Shozo tachikawa

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2958569A (en) * 1954-10-20 1960-11-01 American Enka Corp Production of threads and other shaped objects from viscose
US2953426A (en) * 1954-11-25 1960-09-20 American Enka Corp Production of shaped objects from viscose
US2953468A (en) * 1955-10-25 1960-09-20 American Enka Corp Production of shaped objects from viscose
US3388117A (en) * 1963-03-28 1968-06-11 Courtaulds North America Inc Filaments of regenerated cellulose

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB755469A (en) 1956-08-22
CH326495A (de) 1957-12-31
DE953553C (de) 1956-12-06
FR1102898A (fr) 1955-10-26
NL82847C (xx) 1900-01-01
BE529914A (xx) 1900-01-01

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