US2835279A

US2835279A - Woven friction fabrics

Info

Publication number: US2835279A
Application number: US318899A
Authority: US
Inventors: Horowitz Harry
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1952-11-05
Filing date: 1952-11-05
Publication date: 1958-05-20
Anticipated expiration: 1975-05-20

Description

May 20, 1958 HJHOROWITZ 2,835,279

- WOVEN FRICTION FABRICS Filed Nov. 5, 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR ATTORNEY May 20, 1958 H. HOROWITZ WOVENFRICTION FABRICS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Nov. 5. 1952 R E O 0 E 0 0 fl m A r f 0 HB United States Patent 2,835,279 WOVEN FRICTlON FABRICS Harry Horowitz, Summit, N. 3.

Application November 5, 1952, Serial No. 318,899

7 Claims. (Cl. 139-421) The present invention relates to a friction weave or an anti-slip woven fabric and to a method and machine for making the same.

It is among the objects of the present invention to make a novel anti-slip fabric which may be readily manufactured on standard width looms and in which a plurality of natural or synthetic rubber, or both or a mixture of both, anti-friction strips are woven in superimposed sideby-side relationship and combination with the weaving of the base of the fabric.

Another object is to provide a novel method and means for making anti-slip fabrics preferably in a series of strips on a standard loom at a minimum of expense and with a minimum of time and labor.

A further object is to provide a novel machine and method for weaving anti-slip rubber strips or bands into a woven fabric as such fabric is being woven, with assurance that the friction strips will not be caught or slow up the weaving of the fabric but will be fed in substantially at the same rate together with t to warp yarn.

Still further objects and advantages will appear in the more detailed description set forth below, it being understood, however, that this more detailed description is given by way of illustration and explanation only and not by way of limitation, since various changes therein may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention.

In accomplishing the above objects, it has been found most satisfactory according to the present invention to weave the base fabric out of a standard warp and filler yarn. Although various types of weaves may be utilized, it has been found most satisfactory to use a taffeta weave with a relatively heavy cellulose acetate or other thermo plastic or rayon yarn forming around the warp or the filling or both. Although the size and the weight of the yarn may widely vary, it has been found most satisfactory to provide a talfeta weave in which the warp or the filling or both are above 100 denier or between 200 and 350 denier.

The friction strands are desirably fed in warp-wise and may be fed in from a slitted strip so that they will be superimposed upon the basic woven fabric and tied in position by means of spaced filler yarns or picks.

In a preferred form the cut square or rectangular cross section strips of synthetic or natural rubber, or both or mixtures, are fed in warp-wise over the regular warp in a close juxtaposition so that they will be parallel to each other and flat against the fabric without standing on edge.

A series of strips of this sort may be woven into the fabric by providing an independent feed beyond and to the rear of the normal Warp beam. To accommodate the tension and tendency of the square or rectangular cross section rubber strip to catch or stretch, they are desirably fed in through a separate fixed reed positioned above the warp beam of the usual loom and then through extra wide openings in the heddle eyes of the harness frame and then through openings in the reed positioned on top of the reciprocating lay.

An important feature of the present invention resides in the provision of a let-off mechanism at the rear of the loom, which let off the elastic yarns into the warp shed at a rate at least as fast as the warp beam lets off the warp yarns.

It has been found most suitable, according to one embodiment of the present invention, to actuate the elastic or rubber yarn or rubber yarn let off from the whip roll acting upon the warp yarns or from a dobby motion or other moving parts of the loom to synchronize with the warp let-off or cloth take-up.

With the foregoing and other objects in view the invention consists of the novel construction, combination and arrangement of parts as hereinafter more specifically described, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein is shown an embodiment of the invention, but it is to be understood that changes, variations and modifications can be resorted to which fall within the scope of the claims hereunto appended.

in the drawings wherein like reference characters denote corresponding parts throughout the several views:

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic side elevational view of the rear of a loom mechanism together with the rubber warp yarn feed mechanism said warp yarn feed mechanism being upon somewhat of a reduced scale as compared to the rear end of the loom mechanism.

Fig. 2 is a side diagrammatic view of the forward portion of the loom mechanism showing the harnesses, lay and reed.

Fig. 2a is a fragmentary view showing the position of the shuttle in respect to the lay, the reed and the fell position, which is shown in smaller scale at the right in Fig. 2.

Fig. 3 is a side elevational view of part of the rubber strand feed mechanism.

Fig. 4 is a top view illustrating the woven fabric upon an enlarged scale as compared to Figs. 1 to 3.

Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional view upon the line 5-5 of Fig. 4 upon an enlarged scale as compared to Fig. 4, showing how the cut rubber strips or yarns are positioned in side by side relationship on the top of the fabric.

Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 3 there is shown a warp beam A for feeding a warp to a loom. The warp B passes over the whip roller C to the harnesses D which form the sheds E and then over a lay F across which passes a shuttle G, and through a reed H.

The woven fabric J passes over the front: beam K and down to the wind up in the direction 1..

The rubber strips are fed from a container M in the form of a slitted strip N and are then suitably driven separated in tension by the device P, and then through a fixed shed above the warp beam A.

The device P is driven from the main shaft R of the loom through a ratchet mechanism 8.

Referring specifically to Figs. 1 and 2 there is shown the main shaft R which drives the hand wheel and the cam 21. Upon the cam 21 rides the follower 22 on the arm 23.

The arm 23 oscillates on the shaft 24 and reciprocates the shaft 25 of the whip roller C. The whip roller C will reciprocate as indicated by the double arrow 26 lifting and lowering the warp yarns B as they progress forwardly as indicated at 27.

On the oscillating arm 23 is positioned a collar 28 which holds the arm 30 by the connection 29. The arm 30 has an adjustable connection at $2 to the lower arm 31. The lower arm 31 is clamped by the nut 33 in an adjusted position with respect to the slot 34 in the arm 35. The arm 35 has an extension 36 which is pivotally mounted on the/shaft 37. The arm 35 also carries the driving pawl 38 which is pivotally mounted at 39 on the upper portion of the arm 35.

The pawl has a pressure spring 40 which tends to press the pawl tooth 41 downwardly and inwardly against the serrated edge 42 of the ratchet wheel 43.

The pawl wheel or ratchet wheel 43 is held in position by means of the detent pawl 44 which is pivotally mounted at 45 and is provided with a spring 46.

The pawl Wheel or ratchet wheel 38 drives the sprocket wheel 60 which carries the chain 61. The chain 61 also passes over the sprocket wheels 62 on the shaft 63 and the sprocket wheel on the shaft 65.

The sprocket wheel 64 drives the shaft 65 and in turn drives the bevel gear 75 which meshes with the gear 76 (see Fig. 3). The gear 76 in turn drives the shaft 77 which by the bevel gear 78 and 79 drives the shaft 80. The shafts 65 and 80 drive the feed wheels 81 and 82 (see Fig. 3) over which passes the elastic yarns N.

The shafts 65, 77 and 80 are supported upon the frame structure 83 having the base 84 which in turn is supported upon the table 85 and the legs 86.

The shaft 77 has bearings at 87 and 88 while the shafts 65 and 80 have bearings in the frame structure 83.

The slitted elastic strip or rubber strip N is fed up from the box M under the table 85, then between the two

guide rods

89 and 90. Then it passes over and under the rollers 91 and 92 on the arcuate member 93. The arcuate member 93 is pivotally mounted at 94 on the handle of the arm 95.

The arm 95 is carried on the arm 99 which is pivotally mounted at 97 upon the frame 83. These arms 99 are held down by the springs 98 which are attached to the points 99 and 100.

A similar arrangement is positioned at the other side of the feed device P as indicated by the same numerals. These rollers 91 and 92 riding upon the rollers -81 and 82 will assure a correct feed of the slitted rubber yarns N forwardly toward the warp beam.

The drive will be from the whip roller arm 23 through the ratchet 43 and through the chain 61 and it will be at the same rate as the warp let off. However, it will be noted that the warp beam moves more rapidly as the warp is fed from a smaller diameter at 101 in Fig. 1, whereas the rubber yarns are fed at a uniform rate from the chain 61 through the shafts 65, 77 and 80.

Between the rolls 81 and 82 the alternate slit rubber threads are separated as they pass under the feed guide 115 so that alternate threads will pass under the upper guide 116 at the top and 117 at the bottom of the feed mechanism P. Then they are again united to pass under the guide roller 118 and under the roller 82.

The rollers 81, 82, 91 and 92 may have serrated faces so as to assure a smooth, uniform feed of the anti-slip or friction rubber yarn until it reaches position 119 where it passes through the fixed reed 120 supported on the table 121 above the warp beam A (see Fig. 1).

Referring to Fig. 2 the fabric or textile warp ends 120 are desirably kept inside of the rubber warp ends 121 which form the shed so that the shuttle G, in being drawn backwardly and forwardly across the lay F, will contact the textile yarns rather than the rubber yarns.

At the same time the reed H and the heddle eyes and the harness D carrying the rubber yarns are made sufficiently open so that the rubber strands will slide readily therethrough and will not tend to catch at their sharp edges.

The final woven fabric as shown in Figs. 4-and has a plurality of rubber strands 150 of the rectangular cross section which are held in position by means of the filler ends 151 on top of the woven fabric I. It will be noted that these woven rubber strands 150 are held in side by side relationship and are not gathered or clumped together. As a result their sharp edges 152 (see Fig. 4) will project for anti-slip or friction purposes.

"Where the fabric as shown in Fig. 4 is to be used as for example friction waist bands, it may be slit at positions 153 between the elastic or rubber strips and the split edges may be sewn or adhesively sealed to gether particularly where a thermo plastic, cellulose acetate or similar yarn has been employed.

If desired the slitting operation may take place as the fabric passes beyond the front beam K and these cutter forms may be provided with heat sealing means to provide the filler or warp itself or both to seal together because of their thermo plastic character.

The procedure of the present invention permits square cross section or rectangular cross section rubber strips to be woven into a taffeta weave fabric for regularly heavy yarns of to 300 denier and permits a large number of friction strips as shown in Fig. 4 to be performed in side by side relationship.

The let off as indicated at P for the elastic yarns is coordinated with the warp beam let off by means of the ratchet 43 and the chain 61 so that the rubber strands will be fed into the shed at the same time and at the same rate as the warp ends.

The final fabric as shown in Figs. 4 and 5 with the rubber strands in superimposed relationship on top of the woven fabric will assure most effective anti-friction bands making use of at least two edges of the rubber strips 150 which will be bowed upwardly as indicated in Fig. 4 as they are pulled down by the filling ends 151.

As many changes could be made in the above friction woven fabrics and method and machine for making the same, and many widely different embodiments of this invention could be made without departing from the scope of the claims, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, what is claimed is:

1. An anti-slip friction fabric comprising a woven fabric base and a plurality of rectangular cross section flat rubber strips woven in position in side by side relationship on the top thereof, said strands in each group being positioned in a single layer in side-by-side contacting relationship with their bottom faces flat against the base fabric and their upper faces and edges in a plane parallel to the woven fabric face with the upper side edges of the strands being free for gripping purposes, said rubber strips being wider in dimension than in thickness and lying entirely upon the surface of the fabric face without penetrating therein or therethrough and said strips being compressed down against the fabric face at their bottom faces and against one another at their contacting side faces byspaced filler strands which extend over alternate rubber strips and then through and under the fabric base.

2. An anti-slip friction fabric comprising a woven fabric base and a plurality of rectangular cross section flat rubber strips woven in position in side by side relationship on the top thereof, said fabric having a taffeta weave, said strands in each group being positioned in a single layer in side-by-side contacting relationship with their bottom faces flat against the base fabric and their upper faces and edges in a plane parallel to the woven fabric face with the upper side edges of the strands being free for gripping purposes, said rubber strips being wider in dimension than in thickness and lying entirely upon the surface of the fabric face without penetrating therein or therethrough and said strips being compressed down against the fabric face at their bottom faces and against one another at their contacting side faces by spaced filler strands which extend over alternate rubber strips andthen through and under the fabric base.

3. An anti-slip friction fabric comprising a woven fabric base and a plurality of rectangular cross section flat rubber strips woven in position in side by side relationship on the top thereof, said fabric having thermoplastic strands woven warp wise therein whereby the edges may be heat sealed, said strands in each group being positioned in a single layer in side-by-side contacting relationship with their bottom faces flat against the base fabric and their upper faces and edges in a plane parallel to the woven fabric face with the upper side edges of the strands being free for gripping purposes, said rubber strips being Wider in dimension than in thickness and lying entirely upon the surface of the fabric face without penetrating therein or therethrough and said strips being compressed down against the fabric face at their bottom faces and against one another at their contacting side faces by spaced filler strands which extend over alternate rubber strips and then through and under the fabric base.

4. An anti-slip woven fabric having a base Woven textile fabric and a plurality of surface rubber strands woven in separated spaced groups along the top face of the woven fabric, said strands being of rectangular crosssection and the strands in each group being positioned in a single layer in side-by-side contacting relationship with their bottom faces flat against the base fabric and their upper faces and edges in a plane parallel to the woven fabric face with the upper side edges of the strands being free for gripping purposes, said rubber strands being wider in dimension than in thickness and lying entirely upon the surface of the fabric face without penetrating therein or therethrough and said strands being compressed down against the fabric face at their bottom faces and against one another at their contacting side faces by spaced filler strands which extend over alternate rubber strands and then through and under the fabric base.

5. The fabric of claim 4, said strands being drawn downwardly at intervals so as to cause them to cant laterally while their bottom faces are pressed against the base fabric.

6. The fabric of claim 4, said strands being compressed at intervals by filler threads so as to cause them to bulge outwardly at their upper side edges.

7. A non-slip fabric having a base fabric with a taffeta woven warp and filler and including a heavy cellulose acetate yarn and both the warp and the filler being between 200 and 350 denier, said warp and filler being of circular cross section, and spaced grouped rows of four parallel flat rubber strands of rectangular cross section having a substantially greater Width than thickness which strands have their base sides pressed down against the base fabric and their sides in each group of four pressed against each other, and additional spaced fillers extending across and over alternate rubber strands of each group and then under the base fabric between the grouped rows, said strands being entirely constrained to lie on top of the base fabric without penetrating and extending thereinto and without extending therethrough, said rubber strands being tensioned when attached to the base fabric and fed thereto warpwise during the weaving.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,666,686 Chisholm Apr. 17, 1928 1,781,817 Kenyon Nov. 18, 1930 2,557,315 Schiappa Q June 19, 1951 2,638,130 Posson May 12, 1953 2,646,828 Hesse July 28, 1953