US2831401A - Breech mechanisms for open-chamber guns - Google Patents

Breech mechanisms for open-chamber guns Download PDF

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Publication number
US2831401A
US2831401A US536895A US53689555A US2831401A US 2831401 A US2831401 A US 2831401A US 536895 A US536895 A US 536895A US 53689555 A US53689555 A US 53689555A US 2831401 A US2831401 A US 2831401A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
breech
chamber
open
drum
displaceable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US536895A
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English (en)
Inventor
Dardick David
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DARDICK Corp
Original Assignee
DARDICK CORP
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE551237D priority Critical patent/BE551237A/xx
Application filed by DARDICK CORP filed Critical DARDICK CORP
Priority to US536895A priority patent/US2831401A/en
Priority to DED23549A priority patent/DE1031183B/de
Priority to GB26180/56A priority patent/GB798352A/en
Priority to FR1159282D priority patent/FR1159282A/fr
Priority to CH359068D priority patent/CH359068A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2831401A publication Critical patent/US2831401A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/01—Feeding of unbelted ammunition
    • F41A9/24—Feeding of unbelted ammunition using a movable magazine or clip as feeding element
    • F41A9/26—Feeding of unbelted ammunition using a movable magazine or clip as feeding element using a revolving drum magazine
    • F41A9/27—Feeding of unbelted ammunition using a movable magazine or clip as feeding element using a revolving drum magazine in revolver-type guns

Definitions

  • the invention consists in the novel parts, constructions,
  • the frame of the gun which serves as a breech for the open-chamber rotary drum is constructed and arranged to provide in and'as a part thereof, one or more displaceable breech portions.
  • Each such breech portion is of a configuration to provide longitudinally of the drums rotational axis a breech surface of cylindrical contour which is concentric with the drum and is suitably dimensioned in directions normal to and longitudinally of the rotational axis of the drum,
  • the displaceable breech portion to be moved outwardly and away from the rotary drum in one direction and vice versa.
  • the mounting of the displaceable breech portion in the relatively stationary portion of the frame is such that the breech portion is capable of limited back and forth sliding movement relative to the stationary surface in a circular path concentric with the rotational axis of thefope'ni-chainber rotary drum of the gun.
  • Fig. 1 is a view in end elevation of the breechvand rotary drum of a two barreled open-chamber 'gun embodying this invention, as seen from the breech end of the "gun;
  • Fig. 2 is a fragmentary view in side elevation with parts i in" section of the embodiment of Fig. 1 and,
  • Fig. 3 is a view in section taken along the line 3+3 of Fig. "2, but with a shell or cartridge in an open-charm scription and thefollowing detailed descriptionas well are exemplary and explanatory of theinvention but 'are not restrictive thereof.
  • a rotary drum ll of cylindrical contour having open chambers 2,13 and 4 is mounted for rotation in a strong and rigid rectangular stationaryframe 5 which serves as a breech for the open chambers.
  • the breech frame 5'as shown is provided with a removable breech'rail' 8 firmly secured to the top and bottom rails 9'and :10, respectively, as by bolts 11, for facilitating assembly of the rotary drum in thestationaryframe but it will be understood that the framemavbe of unitary integral construction.
  • Upper and lower gun barrels 12 and 13, respectively, are screwed intothe front railIt-tof the frame, the respective axes of the barrels and the cylinder of the drum lying in a common plane.
  • chamber 2 is in firing or battery position in alignment with the upper barrel, a shell or cartridge having the case 15 being situated in. the chamber.
  • chamber 3 is in position to be loaded and chamber 4 is in position for the ejection of a discharged shell (not shown).
  • the breech frame 5 is constructed. and arranged to provide in and as part of its upper rail 9, a displaceahle breech portion 16, a corresponding displaceable breech portion 17 being provided in the lower rail' 10.
  • the displaceable breech portion 16 is of a configuration to provide a breech surface 18 of cylindrical contour which is concentric with the rotary drum 1 and is dimensioned in directions normal to and longitudinally of the rotational axis of the drum, to span the open chamher 2 whenaligned in battery position with the upper gun barrel 13, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3.
  • the breech surface 18 has a radius of curvature only slightly larger than the radius of curvature R of the drum 1 so that the opposing surface 39 l of the shell case 15 will be in substantially wiping engagement with the breech surface 18 before firing. After firing, the expansion of the case 15 may result in the case surface 19- being in tight frictional engagement with the breech surface 18, particularly with high pressure ammunition.
  • the displaceable breech portion 16 islalso of a configuration to provide a bearing surface 20 inclined to the breech surface 18 and in sliding engagement with a complementary bearing surface 21 of the top rail 9 of the bearing surface 20 as here preferably embodied is a portion of a circular are having, preferably, substantially the same radius of curvature as the drum 1, but a different center.
  • the complementary bearing surface 21 of the frame has substantially the same radius of curvature as the breech surface 20 so as to obtain a smoothly sliding fit between the two surfaces.
  • the thick edge of the tapered is of a configuration to provide a pair of U-shaped grooveforming portions 22, one at each end and preferably in- J tegral therewith, whose grooves 23 slidably receive a pair of stationary tongues 24, one in each groove, in- I tegral with the upper breech rail 9.
  • the mating surfaces of the grooves 23 and tongues 24 are suitably curved to permit free relative movement therebetween asthe breech portion 16 is displaced on its rotational axis.
  • the grooves 23 and tongues 24 are of a depth and length, respectively, such that clockwise movement of the displaceable wedge portion 16 is limited to a predetermined amount only sufiicient to free the wedge portion from the underlying case 15 in chamber 2.
  • each stop member may be of L-shaped configuration, as shown, one arm of the L being disposed and arranged so as to abut against the stationary portion of the upper rail 9 in the normal at rest position of the breech member shown in Fig. 1.
  • a flexible resilient restoring member 27 is secured cantilever-wise between the stationary frame 1 and a removable clamping plate 28 by means of screws 29 passing through the clamping plate into the upper rail 9 of the frame 1, the free end 30 of the restoring member bearing against the leading edge of the breech portion and yieldably holding the breech portion firmly against clockwise movement as viewed in Fig. 2.
  • the lower displaceable breech portion 17 is in all respects identical with the upper breech portion 16 and serves in the same way to overcome jamming and sticking of an expanded case of a cartridge or shell against the breech frame 1 of the gun when the succeeding chamber 3 is loaded with a round of ammunition, the drum rotated clockwise to bring chamber 3 into firing position in alignment with the lower gun barrel 14, and the ammunication fired. Accordingly thecorresponding parts of the breech portion 17 and its associated parts and members are designated by the same reference characters as are applied to the upper breech member 16, but with the reference characters primed.
  • This clockwise movement of the, breech portion though yieldably opposed by the spring member 27 is accompanied by a radially outward movement of the breech portion as the inclined movable bearing surface 20 slides downhill on the complementary stationary bearing surface 21.
  • This outward movevment effectively frees the surfaces 18 and 19 from each other permitting the drum to be rotated freely to bring the chamber 3 into alignment with the lower barrel 13 and the chamber 2'into position for ejection of the empty case 15.
  • the spring member 27 acting through its free end 30 on the leading edge of the breech portion 16 serves to return the latter automatically to its starting position so soon as the drag exerted by the expanded case drops below the restoring force exerted by the spring member on the breech portion. Movement of the breech portion isof course kept within predetermined limits clockwise by the stop members 22, and by the stop members 25 in the opposite direction.
  • a rigid breechframe and an open-chamber rotary drum of cylindrical contour journalled for rotation in said breech frame said frame comprising a relatively stationary breech portion spaced from the cylinder surface of said drum, and a displaceable breech portion interposed in the space between said stationary breech portion and said drum, said displaceable breech portion having a breech surface of cylindrical contour concentric with and of substantially the same radius of curvature as said drum dimensioned to span an open chamber of the drum, when the chamber is in its firing position, and having a bearing surface inclined to said breech surface, said bearing surface being in sliding engagement with acomplementary bearing surface of said relatively stationary breech portion.
  • a rigid breech frame and an open-chamber rotary drum of cylindrical contour journalled for rotation in said breech frame said frame comprising a relatively stationary breech portion spaced from the cylinder surface of said drum, and a displaceable breech portion interposed in the space between said stationary breech portion and said drum, said displaceable breech portion having a breech surface of cylindrical contour concentric with and of substantially the same radius of curvature as said drum dimensioned to span an open chamber of the drum, when the chamber is in its firing position, and having a bearing surface inclined to said breech surface, said bearing surface being a surface of cylindrical contour eccentric to said drum and being in sliding engagement with a complementary bearing surface of. said relatively stationary breech portion.
  • a rigid breech frame and an open-chamber rotary drum of cylindrical contour journalled for rotation in said frame said frame comprising a relatively stationary breech portion spaced from the cylinder surface of said drum, and a displaceable breech portion interposed in the space between said stationary breech portion and said drum, said displaceable breech portion being tapered to form a' Wedge, having a breech surface of cylindrical contour concentric with and of substantially the same radius of curvature as said drum dimensioned to span an open chamber of the drum, when the chamber is in its firing position, and having a' bearing surface inclined to said breech surface, said bearing surface being in sliding engagement with a complementary bearing surface of said relatively stationary breech portion.
  • a rigid breech frame comprising a relatively stationary breech portion and a displaceable breech portion, said displaceable breech portion being tapered to form a wedge, having a breech surface of cylindrical contour concentric with said drum and having a bearing'surface inclined to said breech surface, said bearing surface being in sliding engagement with a complementary bearing surface of said relatively stationary breech portion; and, means for releasably maintaining said displaceable breech portion in a position of rest between said stationary breech portion and said openchamber drum and for restoring the same to said position after displacement therefrom.
  • said maintaining-restoring means comprises flexible resilient means carried by said stationary breech portion and engaging said displaceable breech portion for yieldably opposing displacement of said displaceable breech portion in one direction from said position of rest and for restoring the same to said position after displacement therefrom.
  • a rigid breech frame In an open-chamber gun, a rigid breech frame; a
  • a rigid breech frame and an open-chamber rotary drum of cylindrical contour journalled for rotation in said frame said frame comprising a relatively stationary breech portion spaced from the cylinder surface of said drum, and a release wedge mounted in the space between said stationary breech portionand said drum for bodily displacement in said space relative to said stationary portion and said drum in a transverse plane at right angles to the rotational axis of said drum, said release. wedge and said stationary portion having complementary surfaces providing bearing surfaces therebetween, and said release wedge having a separate breech surface of cylindrical contour concentric with and of substantially the same radius of curvature as said drum, said breech surface being dimensioned to span an open chamber of the drum when the chamber is in its firing position.
  • said release wedge being tapered in said plane, and having its thick or leading edge disposed to advance in the normal direction of rotation of said drum.
  • said release wedge having an arcuate breech surface concentric With said drum.
  • said release wedge having an arcuate bearing surface separate from said arcuate breech surface and eccentric to said drum, and said stationary breech portion having a bearing surface complementary to said arcuate bearing surface and in sliding engagement therewith.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
US536895A 1955-09-27 1955-09-27 Breech mechanisms for open-chamber guns Expired - Lifetime US2831401A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE551237D BE551237A (enExample) 1955-09-27
US536895A US2831401A (en) 1955-09-27 1955-09-27 Breech mechanisms for open-chamber guns
DED23549A DE1031183B (de) 1955-09-27 1956-08-13 Schusswaffe
GB26180/56A GB798352A (en) 1955-09-27 1956-08-27 Improvements in or relating to an open-chamber gun
FR1159282D FR1159282A (fr) 1955-09-27 1956-09-27 Perfectionnements aux armes à tonnerres ouverts
CH359068D CH359068A (fr) 1955-09-27 1957-03-14 Arme comportant un bâti de culasse rigide et un tambour rotatif à chambres ouvertes

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US536895A US2831401A (en) 1955-09-27 1955-09-27 Breech mechanisms for open-chamber guns

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2831401A true US2831401A (en) 1958-04-22

Family

ID=24140367

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US536895A Expired - Lifetime US2831401A (en) 1955-09-27 1955-09-27 Breech mechanisms for open-chamber guns

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US2831401A (enExample)
BE (1) BE551237A (enExample)
CH (1) CH359068A (enExample)
DE (1) DE1031183B (enExample)
FR (1) FR1159282A (enExample)
GB (1) GB798352A (enExample)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3446115A (en) * 1967-10-06 1969-05-27 Trw Inc Open chamber breech mechanism with scarfed firing strap
US3485136A (en) * 1968-04-16 1969-12-23 Trw Inc Ammunition feed method and system
US3492913A (en) * 1968-03-11 1970-02-03 Trw Inc Open chamber gun ammunition feed system
US3501998A (en) * 1967-08-31 1970-03-24 Trw Inc Open chamber breech mechanism with explosion actuated cylinder

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR471995A (fr) * 1913-07-23 1914-11-18 Alphonse Casanova Mitrailleuse pour projectiles explosifs

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR471995A (fr) * 1913-07-23 1914-11-18 Alphonse Casanova Mitrailleuse pour projectiles explosifs

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3501998A (en) * 1967-08-31 1970-03-24 Trw Inc Open chamber breech mechanism with explosion actuated cylinder
US3446115A (en) * 1967-10-06 1969-05-27 Trw Inc Open chamber breech mechanism with scarfed firing strap
US3492913A (en) * 1968-03-11 1970-02-03 Trw Inc Open chamber gun ammunition feed system
US3485136A (en) * 1968-04-16 1969-12-23 Trw Inc Ammunition feed method and system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1159282A (fr) 1958-06-25
GB798352A (en) 1958-07-16
BE551237A (enExample)
CH359068A (fr) 1961-12-15
DE1031183B (de) 1958-05-29

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