US2809166A - Skin cleanser composition - Google Patents
Skin cleanser composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2809166A US2809166A US2809166DA US2809166A US 2809166 A US2809166 A US 2809166A US 2809166D A US2809166D A US 2809166DA US 2809166 A US2809166 A US 2809166A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- sulfonated
- weight
- oil
- fatty acid
- drying
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 86
- 210000003491 Skin Anatomy 0.000 title claims description 46
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 38
- -1 HYDROXY GROUP Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010685 fatty oil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- BVDRUCCQKHGCRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydroxypropyl formate Chemical compound OCC(O)COC=O BVDRUCCQKHGCRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 6
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 64
- 125000004432 carbon atoms Chemical group C* 0.000 description 26
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 22
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 22
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 240000007842 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229940039717 Lanolin Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 239000004166 Lanolin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003974 emollient agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000019388 lanolin Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000010697 neat foot oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 231100000344 non-irritating Toxicity 0.000 description 6
- 230000003000 nontoxic Effects 0.000 description 6
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 6
- 238000005670 sulfation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 240000007170 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lauric acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Myristic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N Oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palmitic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Stearic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical class OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000005456 glyceride group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 4
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 4
- 206010020751 Hypersensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021360 Myristic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940049964 Oleate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 206010037844 Rash Diseases 0.000 description 2
- WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-QJWNTBNXSA-N Ricinoleic acid Chemical class CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-QJWNTBNXSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000006641 Skin Disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 201000005794 allergic hypersensitivity disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- ULBTUVJTXULMLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCC ULBTUVJTXULMLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002285 corn oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000005687 corn oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000010730 cutting oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 150000002194 fatty esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012456 homogeneous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 2
- 230000001264 neutralization Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-M oleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/46—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing sulfur
- A61K8/466—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing sulfur containing sulfonic acid derivatives; Salts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
- A61Q19/10—Washing or bathing preparations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
- C11D1/143—Sulfonic acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/28—Sulfonation products derived from fatty acids or their derivatives, e.g. esters, amides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2093—Esters; Carbonates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S516/00—Colloid systems and wetting agents; subcombinations thereof; processes of
- Y10S516/01—Wetting, emulsifying, dispersing, or stabilizing agents
- Y10S516/03—Organic sulfoxy compound containing
- Y10S516/04—Protein or carboxylic compound containing
Definitions
- This invention relates to a skin cleanser, and more particularly to a cleanser composition of certain critically blended and/ or superfatted sulfonated oils with an emollient ester solvent outstandingly improved for removal of oil, greases, tars, paints, silicone resins and other grimy residues upon the skin, primarily the hands.
- the composition is an improved cleanser for the hands, particularly to remove the grime embedded in the skin pores through continuous industrial activity by workmen in such fields where difiicultly removable materials such as tars, paint, cutting oils, greases, silicone resins, etc., are encountered in the daily manual working.
- the composition is outstanding in being superior to others to effect the cleaning without irritating the skin
- Such gentle but effective skin cleaning is in contrast to conventional skin cleaners which often develop undersirable skin eruptions and various dermatoses, usually significant of allergy to cleanser components which have been used in prior art compositions to effect removal of these ma: terials from the hands of workmen. It isin this sense that while being a superior skin cleanser, the composition hereof is further improved because" it is non-toxic and non-irritating.
- the composition is entirely composed of esters free of metal salts, such as soaps. -It is substantially neutral and is even desirably slightly acidic, the pH ranging from about 4.5 to 6.0, preferably between about 4.5 and 5.0.
- the major component of the present composition is a critical blend of sulfonated fatty oils, and the minor component is one or more simple esters of higher fatty acids, such as the lower alkyl esters of fatty acids having from 12 to 26 carbon atoms, the fatty acid being either fully saturated or un-saturated to such limited degree that the fatty acid is non-drying.
- the major component, sulfonated oil, is a critical blend of three sulfonation products each critically present in admixture with the others. 7
- sulfonation or sulfation refer respectively to types of mineral sulfuric acid esters with the oily organic residues.
- the former, sulfonation usually indicates a directly bonded radical, sulfonic acid, with the hydro-carbon residue to form a sulfonateester; and the latter, sulfation indicates a direct bond with an alcohol residue to form a sulfate ester.
- sulfonation is intended to identify the common commercial esterification which may be either or both sulfonation or sulfation products, as commercially available for these substances.
- the first, or major sulfonation component is a sulfonation product of a non-drying fatty glyceride oil of animal or vegetable origin such as commercial fixed glycerides, insufficiently unsaturated to be drying. Included within this group are the glyceride esters of saturated or unsaturated fatty acids ranging from about 14 through 26 carbon atoms, and includes the usual animal and vegetable non-drying glyceride fatty oils, typical examples of which are sulfonated neats-foot oil, sulfonated olive oil, sulfonated corn oil, sulfonated peanut oil, sulfonated cocoanut oil, and sulfonated tallow.
- This sulfonated oil component acts, particularly in combination with the alkyl ester component, both as an emollient oil and as a skin cleanser to most readily blend with the natural oils which may be present on the skin. Moreover, it is a good oil solvent of ordinary industrial oils encountered in industry. It is non-irritating and nontoxic to the skin, either alone or in the composition hereof. In the present composition, it is used in quantity of from 0.5 to about 1.5 part by weight.
- the second type of sulfonation product used herein is a high molecular weight sulfonation product of fatty alcohols, alcohol glyceride esters, or alcohol acids, having from 12 to 26 carbon atoms.
- Typical examples are sulfonated castor oil, sulfonated ricinoleic acid, sulfonated lanolin and sulfonated relatively pure alcohols from 12 to 26 carbon atoms such as lauryl, cetyl, and commercial mixtures of alcohols in this range usually obtained by reduction of lower alkyl esters of commercial fatty oils such as palm oil or cocoanut oil.
- this second sulfonated component is to aid in the emulsification, removal by washing with water, of both the unsulfonated, as well as sulfonated solvents used in the blend to extend the range of solubility of the composition and in combination with the other sulfonated oils.
- Thissecond component is critically used in the range from 0.25 to 1.0 part by weight of the composition. 1
- the third component of the sulfonated oils is generally selected from among commercial sulfonation prodnets to be resinous or resin forming, i. e., characterized by being readily oxidized and polymerized.
- commercial sulfonation prodnets to be resinous or resin forming, i. e., characterized by being readily oxidized and polymerized.
- Typical sulfonation products of this group are sulfonated linseed oil, sulfonated soyabean oil, sulfonated tall oil and sulfonated unsaturated petroleum hydrocarbon
- the first component sulfonated oil while having the desirable functions set forth, does not homogeneously blend with the unsulfonated alkyl ester component. It is the primary function of this third component to effect the homogeneous solution of both of these components.
- this third component further aids in emulsification of unsulfonated oils, and increases the specific solvent power for drying oil and resinous, unsaturated and tarry components of impurities on the skin, which this composition can remove in its cleansing action.
- This third component is usually present in from about 0.1 to about 0.5 part by weight of the composition. 7
- the minor component hereof (referred to herein as minor only in the quantitative sense, since the greater proportion of the composition is the sulfonated oil components) is a lower saturated alkyl ester of a higher fatty acid, preferably saturated, but which may be unsaturated to an extent insufficient/to impart drying characteristics.
- the fatty acid portion of the ester may range from 12 to 26 carbon atoms, the fatty esters being preferably saturated, but if unsaturated such is usually insufiicient to be substantially drying in character.
- the alkyl portion of the .ester is derived from an alcohol having one through ix carbon atoms and an lkyl in th s range would be understood herein as a lower alkyl.
- esters used herein are the lower alkyl esters of lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid and arehidie acids.
- the v ypical alkyl groups used are those derived from the alcohols ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, isoamyl and n-hexyl. Esters of this type .are preferred in my composition because they in themselves have high,
- the unsulfonated alkyl ester When used, blended with the sulfonatcd oil, the unsulfonated alkyl ester will be a minor component and is critically adjusted in the composition to the range of 0.5 to 1.5 parts by Weight of the, composition.
- the composition consists of four essential components of which three are snlfonated oils.
- the following is a general formula .of the composition in its broadest aspect to obtain he outstanding character.- istics of this skin cleanser:
- the following formulations are made up by mixing the commercial oils in the proportions given with moderate heat such as heating to a temperature of about 1.00 F. and stirring.
- Example I Parts by weight Sulfonated peanut oil 1.0 Sulfonated sperm oil 0.5
- the pH is about 4.75.
- Sulfonated non-drying glyceride fatty oil having 14 to 26 carbon atoms 0.25 to 1.0 part by weight of a sulfonated compound having from 12 to 26 carbon atoms and selected from the group consisting of a Sulfonated fatty alcohol, a sulfonated fatty acid having a hydroxy group on the hydrocarbon radical of the fatty acid and a sulfonated fatty acid ester having a hydroxy group on the hydrocarbon radical of the fatty acid, 0.1 to 0.5 part by weight of a Sulfonated drying oil having 12 to 26 carbon atoms, and 0.5 to 1.5 parts by weight of a lower lkyl ester of a non-drying fatty acid having from 12 to 26 carbon atoms.
- Skin cleanser composition consisting essentially of about 0.5 to 1.5 parts by weight of sulfonated peanut oil, about 0.25 to 0.75 part by weight of Sulfonated sperm oil, about 0.1 to 0.5 part by weight of Sulfonated linseed oil and about 0.5 to 1.5 parts by weight of a lower alkyl ester of a non-drying fatty acid having from 12 to 26 carbon atoms.
- Skin cleanser composition consisting essentially of about 1.0 part by Weight of Sulfonated peanut oil, about 0.5 part by weight of sulfonated sperm oil, about 0.25 part by weight of Sulfonated linseed oil and about 1.0 part by weight of N-hexyl laurate.
- Skin cleanser composition consisting essentially of about 0.5 to 1.5 parts .by weight .of Sulfonated tallow, about 0.25 to 0.75 part by weight of sulfonated lanolin, about 0.1 to 0.5 part by weight of sulfonated soyabean oil and about 0.5 to 1.5 parts by weight of a lower alkyl ester of a non-drying fatty acid having from 12 to 26 carbon atoms.
- Skin cleanser composition consisting essentially of about 0.75 part by weight of sulfonated tallow, about 0.6 part by weight of snlfonated lanolin, about 0.15 part by weight ofsulfonated soyabean oil and about 1.2 parts by weight of ethyl .oleate.
- Skin cleanser composition consisting essentially of about 0.5 to 1.5 parts by weight sulfonated neats-foot oil, about 0.25 to 0.75 part by weight of sulfonated castor oil, about 0.1 to 0.5 part by weight of sulfonated tall oil, and about 0.5 to 1.5 parts by weight of a lower alkyl ester of a non-drying fatty acid having from 12 to 26 carbon atoms.
- Skin cleanser composition consisting essentially of about 1.1 parts by weight of sulfonated neats-foot oil, about 0.6 part by weight of Sulfonated castor oil, about 0.30 part by weight of sulfonated tall oil, and about 0.9 part by Weight .of butyl stearate.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
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- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Description
United States Patent SKIN CLEANSER COMPOSITION George E. M0rris, B0ston, Mass.
N0 Drawing. Application April 28, 1954, Serial No. 426,307
7 Claims. (Cl.252161) V t This invention relates to a skin cleanser, and more particularly to a cleanser composition of certain critically blended and/ or superfatted sulfonated oils with an emollient ester solvent outstandingly improved for removal of oil, greases, tars, paints, silicone resins and other grimy residues upon the skin, primarily the hands.
The composition is an improved cleanser for the hands, particularly to remove the grime embedded in the skin pores through continuous industrial activity by workmen in such fields where difiicultly removable materials such as tars, paint, cutting oils, greases, silicone resins, etc., are encountered in the daily manual working. The composition is outstanding in being superior to others to effect the cleaning without irritating the skin Such gentle but effective skin cleaning is in contrast to conventional skin cleaners which often develop undersirable skin eruptions and various dermatoses, usually significant of allergy to cleanser components which have been used in prior art compositions to effect removal of these ma: terials from the hands of workmen. It isin this sense that while being a superior skin cleanser, the composition hereof is further improved because" it is non-toxic and non-irritating.
The composition is entirely composed of esters free of metal salts, such as soaps. -It is substantially neutral and is even desirably slightly acidic, the pH ranging from about 4.5 to 6.0, preferably between about 4.5 and 5.0. The major component of the present composition is a critical blend of sulfonated fatty oils, and the minor component is one or more simple esters of higher fatty acids, such as the lower alkyl esters of fatty acids having from 12 to 26 carbon atoms, the fatty acid being either fully saturated or un-saturated to such limited degree that the fatty acid is non-drying.
The major component, sulfonated oil, is a critical blend of three sulfonation products each critically present in admixture with the others. 7
The terms sulfonation or sulfation refer respectively to types of mineral sulfuric acid esters with the oily organic residues. The former, sulfonation, usually indicates a directly bonded radical, sulfonic acid, with the hydro-carbon residue to form a sulfonateester; and the latter, sulfation indicates a direct bond with an alcohol residue to form a sulfate ester. Sometimes both are present when either type of residue is treated to form the ester. Accordingly, as used herein, the term sulfonation is intended to identify the common commercial esterification which may be either or both sulfonation or sulfation products, as commercially available for these substances.
The first, or major sulfonation component is a sulfonation product of a non-drying fatty glyceride oil of animal or vegetable origin such as commercial fixed glycerides, insufficiently unsaturated to be drying. Included within this group are the glyceride esters of saturated or unsaturated fatty acids ranging from about 14 through 26 carbon atoms, and includes the usual animal and vegetable non-drying glyceride fatty oils, typical examples of which are sulfonated neats-foot oil, sulfonated olive oil, sulfonated corn oil, sulfonated peanut oil, sulfonated cocoanut oil, and sulfonated tallow. This sulfonated oil component acts, particularly in combination with the alkyl ester component, both as an emollient oil and as a skin cleanser to most readily blend with the natural oils which may be present on the skin. Moreover, it is a good oil solvent of ordinary industrial oils encountered in industry. It is non-irritating and nontoxic to the skin, either alone or in the composition hereof. In the present composition, it is used in quantity of from 0.5 to about 1.5 part by weight.
The second type of sulfonation product used herein is a high molecular weight sulfonation product of fatty alcohols, alcohol glyceride esters, or alcohol acids, having from 12 to 26 carbon atoms. Typical examples are sulfonated castor oil, sulfonated ricinoleic acid, sulfonated lanolin and sulfonated relatively pure alcohols from 12 to 26 carbon atoms such as lauryl, cetyl, and commercial mixtures of alcohols in this range usually obtained by reduction of lower alkyl esters of commercial fatty oils such as palm oil or cocoanut oil. The function of this second sulfonated component is to aid in the emulsification, removal by washing with water, of both the unsulfonated, as well as sulfonated solvents used in the blend to extend the range of solubility of the composition and in combination with the other sulfonated oils. Thissecond component is critically used in the range from 0.25 to 1.0 part by weight of the composition. 1
The third component of the sulfonated oils is generally selected from among commercial sulfonation prodnets to be resinous or resin forming, i. e., characterized by being readily oxidized and polymerized. In this group are typical drying oils and semi-drying oil, glycerides,
their free fatty acids and natural resinous acids. Typical sulfonation products of this group are sulfonated linseed oil, sulfonated soyabean oil, sulfonated tall oil and sulfonated unsaturated petroleum hydrocarbon The first component sulfonated oil while having the desirable functions set forth, does not homogeneously blend with the unsulfonated alkyl ester component. It is the primary function of this third component to effect the homogeneous solution of both of these components. Moreover, this third component further aids in emulsification of unsulfonated oils, and increases the specific solvent power for drying oil and resinous, unsaturated and tarry components of impurities on the skin, which this composition can remove in its cleansing action. This third component is usually present in from about 0.1 to about 0.5 part by weight of the composition. 7
These three sulfonated types of components are essentially used in admixture with each other as the major or sulfonated compo-nentof the cleanser composition, and each modifies the effect of the other to improve the cleaning and solvent effect, the homogeneity and ready removalofthe non-sulfonated componentand imparts to the sulfonated oil mixture the widest range of universal solvent power in the combination for" mostof the industrial skin contaminants encountered in industry.
The minor component hereof (referred to herein as minor only in the quantitative sense, since the greater proportion of the composition is the sulfonated oil components) is a lower saturated alkyl ester of a higher fatty acid, preferably saturated, but which may be unsaturated to an extent insufficient/to impart drying characteristics. Thus the fatty acid portion of the ester may range from 12 to 26 carbon atoms, the fatty esters being preferably saturated, but if unsaturated such is usually insufiicient to be substantially drying in character. The alkyl portion of the .ester is derived from an alcohol having one through ix carbon atoms and an lkyl in th s range would be understood herein as a lower alkyl. Typical esters used herein are the lower alkyl esters of lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid and arehidie acids. The v ypical alkyl groups used are those derived from the alcohols ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, isoamyl and n-hexyl. Esters of this type .are preferred in my composition because they in themselves have high,
solvent power for industrial hydrocarbons encountered as skin contaminants. They are readily emulsified by the sulfonated oils used in combination therewith. They are inherently emollient, non-toxic and non-irritating in the composition as used. When used, blended with the sulfonatcd oil, the unsulfonated alkyl ester will be a minor component and is critically adjusted in the composition to the range of 0.5 to 1.5 parts by Weight of the, composition.
As thus described, the composition consists of four essential components of which three are snlfonated oils. The following is a general formula .of the composition in its broadest aspect to obtain he outstanding character.- istics of this skin cleanser:
Substances: Parts by weight Sulfonated animal or vegetable non-drying oil 0.5 to 1.5
Sulfonated hydroxylated fatty oil, sulfonated hydroxy fatty acid, or sulfonated higher alcohol 0.25 to 1.0 Sulfonated drying oils and resins 0.1 to 0.5 Lower alkyl esters of fatty acids 0.5 to 1.5
In addition to the broad formulation given, certain minor components such as perfumes, coloring agents, may be added.
The following examples illustrate the practice of this invention:
The following formulations are made up by mixing the commercial oils in the proportions given with moderate heat such as heating to a temperature of about 1.00 F. and stirring.
Example I Parts by weight Sulfonated peanut oil 1.0 Sulfonated sperm oil 0.5
Sulfonated linseed oil 0.25
The pH is about 4.75.
What I claim is:
0.5 to 1.5 parts by weight of Sulfonated non-drying glyceride fatty oil having 14 to 26 carbon atoms, 0.25 to 1.0 part by weight of a sulfonated compound having from 12 to 26 carbon atoms and selected from the group consisting of a Sulfonated fatty alcohol, a sulfonated fatty acid having a hydroxy group on the hydrocarbon radical of the fatty acid and a sulfonated fatty acid ester having a hydroxy group on the hydrocarbon radical of the fatty acid, 0.1 to 0.5 part by weight of a Sulfonated drying oil having 12 to 26 carbon atoms, and 0.5 to 1.5 parts by weight of a lower lkyl ester of a non-drying fatty acid having from 12 to 26 carbon atoms.
2. Skin cleanser composition consisting essentially of about 0.5 to 1.5 parts by weight of sulfonated peanut oil, about 0.25 to 0.75 part by weight of Sulfonated sperm oil, about 0.1 to 0.5 part by weight of Sulfonated linseed oil and about 0.5 to 1.5 parts by weight of a lower alkyl ester of a non-drying fatty acid having from 12 to 26 carbon atoms.
3. Skin cleanser composition consisting essentially of about 1.0 part by Weight of Sulfonated peanut oil, about 0.5 part by weight of sulfonated sperm oil, about 0.25 part by weight of Sulfonated linseed oil and about 1.0 part by weight of N-hexyl laurate.
.4. Skin cleanser composition consisting essentially of about 0.5 to 1.5 parts .by weight .of Sulfonated tallow, about 0.25 to 0.75 part by weight of sulfonated lanolin, about 0.1 to 0.5 part by weight of sulfonated soyabean oil and about 0.5 to 1.5 parts by weight of a lower alkyl ester of a non-drying fatty acid having from 12 to 26 carbon atoms.
5. Skin cleanser composition consisting essentially of about 0.75 part by weight of sulfonated tallow, about 0.6 part by weight of snlfonated lanolin, about 0.15 part by weight ofsulfonated soyabean oil and about 1.2 parts by weight of ethyl .oleate.
6. Skin cleanser composition consisting essentially of about 0.5 to 1.5 parts by weight sulfonated neats-foot oil, about 0.25 to 0.75 part by weight of sulfonated castor oil, about 0.1 to 0.5 part by weight of sulfonated tall oil, and about 0.5 to 1.5 parts by weight of a lower alkyl ester of a non-drying fatty acid having from 12 to 26 carbon atoms.
7. Skin cleanser composition consisting essentially of about 1.1 parts by weight of sulfonated neats-foot oil, about 0.6 part by weight of Sulfonated castor oil, about 0.30 part by weight of sulfonated tall oil, and about 0.9 part by Weight .of butyl stearate.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,836,430. Baddiley Dec. 15, 1931 1,875,530 Vaupotic Sept. 6, 1932 2,257,106 Christiansen Sept. 30, 1941 OTHER REFERENCES Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology, vol. 41, February, 1940, pages 351, 352.
Claims (1)
1. SKIN CLEANSER COMPOSITION CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF 0.5 TO 1.5 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF SULFONATED NON-DRYING GLYCERIDE FATTY OIL HAVING 14 TO 26 CARNBON ATOMS, 0.25 TO 1.0 PART BY WEIGHT OF A SULFONATED COMPOUND HAVING FROM 12 TO 26 CARBON ATOMS AND SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF SULFONATED FATTY ALCOHOL, A SULFONATED FATTY ACID HAVING A HYDROXY GROUP ON THE HYDROCARBON RADICAL OF THE FATTY ACID AND A SULFONATED FATTY ACID ESTER HAVING A HYDROXY GROUP ON THE HYDROCARBON RADICAL OF THE FATTY ACID, 0.1 TO 0.5 PART BY WEIGHT OF A SULFONATED DRYING OIL HAVING 12 TO 26 CARBON ATOMS, AND 0.5 TO 1.5 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF A LOWER ALKYL ESTER OF A NON-DRYING FATTY ACID HAVING FROM 12 TO 26 CARBON ATOMS.
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| US2809166A true US2809166A (en) | 1957-10-08 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| US2809166D Expired - Lifetime US2809166A (en) | Skin cleanser composition |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1836430A (en) * | 1926-09-21 | 1931-12-15 | British Dyestuffs Corp Ltd | Detergent, cleansing and polishing composition |
| US1875530A (en) * | 1929-12-04 | 1932-09-06 | Commercial Solvents Corp | Vanishing cream |
| US2257106A (en) * | 1938-02-26 | 1941-09-30 | Squibb & Sons Inc | Dermal lotion |
-
0
- US US2809166D patent/US2809166A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1836430A (en) * | 1926-09-21 | 1931-12-15 | British Dyestuffs Corp Ltd | Detergent, cleansing and polishing composition |
| US1875530A (en) * | 1929-12-04 | 1932-09-06 | Commercial Solvents Corp | Vanishing cream |
| US2257106A (en) * | 1938-02-26 | 1941-09-30 | Squibb & Sons Inc | Dermal lotion |
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