US2803489A

US2803489A - Load-lifting device of the self-gripping type

Info

Publication number: US2803489A
Application number: US554440A
Authority: US
Inventors: Albino S Zito; Dorato M Zito
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1955-12-21
Filing date: 1955-12-21
Publication date: 1957-08-20
Anticipated expiration: 1974-08-20

Description

A. S. ZlTO EF AL Aug. 20,- 1957 LOAD-LIFTING DEVICE OF THE SELF-GRIPPING TYPE 21, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet Filed Deo.

JNVENTORS Aug. 20, 1957 A. s. zn'o Er AL 2,803,489 1 LOAD-LIFTING DEVICE OF' THE SELF-GRIPPING TYPE Filed Dec. 21, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 iii 40 @a 7? 76 726@ A T g Albino S. Zito and Dorato M. Zito, Application December 21, 1955, Serial No. SMA/i2 2 Claims. (Cl. 29d-w3) T his invention relates to load-lifting devices in general, and to load-lifting devices of a self-gripping type in particular.

The self-gripping load-lifting device to which the present invention relates is commonly referred to as a grapple, and is characterized by relatively movable opposed jaws in a carrier frame of which the former are operatively connected with the shorter arms of a pair of pivotally connected double-arm levers the longer arms of which form part of a parallelograrn-like link system adapted for suspension from an overhead hand or poweroperated hoist. Since the jaws of the grapple open and close on vertically contracting and expanding its link system, respectively, it is customary to lower the suspended grapple until its carrier frame comes to rest on a load to be lifted, and to continue lowering of the grapple thereafter in order to permit suflicient contraction or collapse of the link system to open the jaws and admit them into gripping relation with the load. The suspended grapple is then raised by the hoist, with the result that the link system will initially expand upwardly until all play between the jaws and load therebetween is taken up, whereupon the jaws will suddenly exert on the load a gripping force which rapidly increases suiiiciently to pick up the entire load in short order and safely lift it. On subsequently lowering the grapple with its load, the latter will rst come to rest on any intended support, such as the iioor, for instance, whereupon continued lowering of the grapple will cause the jaws to disengage from the load. In order to permit subsequent lifting by the hoist of the grapple clear of the released load without regripping the latter, so as to make the grapple available for lifting another load or loads, it has become customary to provide the parallelograrn-like link system with a substantially diagonally arranged latch bar which at one end is pivoted to one side of the link system and has near its other free end a pin and bayonet-type slot connection with the opposite side of the link system, of which the longitudinal branch of the slot is somewhat longer than is required to permit relative movement between the latter and the pin commensurate with the normal intended operating range of the jaws within which the same may grip loads of dierent dimensions, while the lateral end branch of the slot will, on opening the jaws beyond their normal operating range, become interlocked with the pin and, in consequence, prevent on subsequent lifting of the grapple upward expansion of the link system and, hence, closing of the jaws. Accordingly, on lowering the grapple with its load onto the floor or any other support, the lowering of the grapple is continued until the jaws open sufticiently to bring about the aforementioned interlock between the lateral end branch of the slot and the pin of the connection between the latch bar and the link system. The grapple may then be lifted clear of the released load without regripping the latter, and may subsequently be lowered onto another load of permissible size directly into gripping relation therewith. In order 2 that the jaws of the grapple may actually grip the new load and raise it on the next lift of the grapple, the operator must rst manually release the latch bar from its aforementioned interlock with the link system so as to release the latter for upward extension and the jaws for closure on the load therebetween.

While the latch bar is highly advantageous by greatly facilitating the release of the grapple from a lowered load and its application to another load, Ithe requirement that the latch bar be manually released from interlock with the link system for each new load to be lifted has been found to be highly objectionable in many applications. Thus manual release of the latch bar from interlock with the link system of the grapple requires in any event the personal attention of an operator while the grapple is being lifted suciently to cause a relative shift between the aforementioned slot and pin of adequate magnitude to prevent the latter from relooking with the former on release of the latch'bar by the operator. If a single operator is called upon to handle both, the hoist and the suspended grapple thereon, then the task of holding the latch bar in released position while simultaneously operating the hoist for sufficient initial lifting of the grapple to permit release of the latch bar, is not only awkward but may well give rise to serious hazards, especially when the hoist is power-operated. On the other hand, if the grapple is suspended from an overhead crane which is power-operated by remote control, load lifting or shifting performance of the grapple requires two attendants, one to handle the grapple and the other to control the crane remote from the grapple. Furthermore, in either case an attendant, being compelled to manipulate the latch bar on the grapple, usually stays in potentially dangerous proximity to the grapple at the very period when a heavy load is just being raised and occasionally slips in the jaws for some distance before usually being safely regripped by the latter.

It is the primary aim and object of the present invention to provide on a grapple a latch arrangement which has all the advantages of the aforementioned latch bar, but which need not be in any way manipulated by an operator, thereby not only greatly facilitating the handling of the grapple by an attendant who may also be called upon to operate or control a hoist from which the grapple is suspended, but permitting in any event the use of the grapple with far greater safety to an attendant than was heretofore possible.

Thus, it is an object of the present invention to provide the aforementioned latch arrangement on a grapple such that the former acts through the link system to lock the fully open jaws against closure and release them for closure in response to successive descents, respectively, of the grapple into rest on a load or loads, thereby achieving locking and release of the open jaws in the natural order required for normal use of the grapple, namely, locking of the fully open jaws on lowering lthe loaded grapple not only to lower and release its load, but therebeyond to open the jaws fully, and release of the locked open jaws for closure on lifting the grapple following its descent into gripping relation with and rest on the next load to be lifted.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a grapple of this type in which one of the jaws is adjustable relative to the other jaw for variation of their operating range, to the end of requiring but inconsiderable further opening of the jaws into their locked fully-open position after their release of any load and regardless of its dimension, thereby to attain optimum eiciency in the performance of the grapple over a wide operating range thereof.

Other objects and advantages will appear to those skilled in the art from the following, considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

In the accompanying drawings, in which certain modes of carrying out the present invention are shown for illustrative purposes:

Fig. 1 is a side View of a grapple embodyingV the present invention; w

Fig. 2 is a section taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1, with most of the grapple shown intop plan View;

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section through the grapple as taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2;

Figs. 4 and 5 are cro-ss sections through the grapple as taken on the lines 4 4 and 5 5, respectively, of Fig. l;

Fig. 6 is van enlarged cross section through the grapple as taken on the line 6 6 of Fig. 1; Y

Fig. 7 is an enlarged fragmentary section through the grapple as taken on the line 7 7 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a section similar to Fig. 7, but showing certain operating parts of the grapple in different operating positions; and

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary longitudinal section through a modified grapple in which the present invention may be incorporated.

Referring to the drawings, and more particularly to Figs. 1 to 5 thereof, the reference numeral 10 designates a grapple having a base frame l2, load-

gripping jaws

14 and 16, jaw-operating linkage 18, a linkage stabilizer 2t), and an operating control 22 for the linkage 13. The base frame 12 comprises, in the present instance,

opposite side panels

24 and 26 and longitudinal

transverse ties

28 and 30 between and suitably secured to the

side panels

24 and 26, as by welding, for instance. Welded or otherwise secured to the

side panels

24 and 26 of the base frame 12 are bottom rails or angles 27 and 29, respectively, which afford considerable rest area when the base frame becomes seated on a load or any other support underneath. Y

The jaws 1d and 16 are, inthe present instance, differently'curved (Fig. 2) so as to grip exemplary ringshaped loads of different outside and inside diameters on their outer and inner peripheries, respectively. Such an exemplary load is shown in Fig. 3 in the form of a coil 32 of wound stock, such as sheet metal, for instance. The outer jaw 14 is suitably secured, as by welding, for instance, to the short leg 34 of an L-shaped carrier 36 which in this instance is formed of spaced side members 38 and 4', preferably having at the front end thereof a filler piece 4.2 for appearance and reenforcing purposes. The side members 33 and 4t) of the o-uter jaw carrier 36 are confined between and next to the side panels 24 and f 26, respectively, of the base frame 12 (Fig. 4) and are guided for longitudinal movement in the latter between the transverse ties 23 and 36 thereof which are preferably in plate form (Figs. 3, 4 and 5). The inner jaw 16 is suitably secured, as by welding, for instance, to the short leg dei of an L-shaped carrier 46 which, like the other jaw carrier 36, is formed of spaced side members 43 and 50 having, in the present instance, reenforcing

filler pieces

52 and 54 at the front and rear (Fig. 3). The side members 48 and 59 ofthe inner jaw carrier 46 are confined between and next'to the side members 3S and 40, respectively, of the outer jaw carrier 36 (Fig. 5) and are guided for longitudinal movement in the base frame 12 between the-transverse tie plates 2S and 3@ thereof (see also Fig. 3). Thus, the outer and inner jaws 1d and 16 are movable into and from gripping engagement with the load 32 by virtue of the described guidance of their respective carriers in the base frame 12.

The jaw-operating linkage 18 comprises a parallelogramtype link system 66 and

link pairs

62 and 64 operatively connecting the link system with the outer and

inner jaw carriers

36 and 46, respectively (Fig. 3). The link system 60 comprises, in the present instance,

link pairs

66, 68, 70 and 72 which form the sides, respectively, of a parallelogram and are connected by pivots 74,

A

76, 78 and (Fig. 3). The links of the

pairs

66, 68, 7d and 72 may be coordinated with each other as shown in Figs. 2 to 5. Thus, the links of the pair 68 are outermost (Fig. 2) and the links of the pair 66 are arranged immediately inwardly thereof. The links of the pair 72 are arranged immediately inwardly of the links of the pair 66, and the links of the pair 70 are arranged inwardly of and spaced from the links of the pair 72 (Figs. 2, 4 and 5). Suitable collars are preferably provided on the

various pivots

74, 76, 7S and Sil in order to hold the links of the

respective pairs

66, 68, 7i) and 72 in their proper spaced relation. The pivot 80, on which the adjacent ends of the links of the

pairs

70 and 72 turn, is mounted with its ends in the

opposite side panels

24 and 26 of the base frame 12 (Fig. 5), and the latter is thus suspended from the link system 6G by the pivot di?.

The ends of the links of the

pairs

76 and 72 at the pivot Si) have extensions in the form of relatively1

short lever arms

82 and 84, respectively, which are pivotally connected at 86 and S8 with the inner ends of the operating links of the

pairs

64 and 62, respectivelyy (Figs. 1 and 3). The outer ends of the operating links of the

pairs

62 and 64 have pivot connections 9) and 92 with the outer and

inner jaw carriers

36 and 46, respectively (Figs. l, 3 and 4).

It follows from the foregoing description that the

jaws

14 and 16 will, through intermediation of their

respective carriers

36, 46 and

operating link pairs

62 and 64, be moved toward each other and into gripping engagement with the load 32 on expanding the parallelogratn-like link system 60 in the direction of its diagonal D from a position like or similar .o that shown in Fig. 1 to that shown in Fig. 3. Conversely, the jaws 1d and 16 wili, through intermediation of the

sarne parts

36, 46, 62 and 64, be moved away from each otr er and out of gripping engagement with the load 32 on contracting the link system 69 in the direction of its diagonal D from the position shown in Fig. 3 into a position like or similar to that shown in Fig. 1.

For their normal intended load lifting lowering performance, grapples of this general type are customarily suspended from overhead hoists of any suitable kind, and the instant grapple is to this end provided at the top pivot 74 of its link system 6i) with an eye 94 for suspension from a hook, for instance, of any suitable hand or poweroperated overhead hoist (not shown).

Assuming that the instant grapple 1t) is thus suspended from an overhead hoist and held suspendedover the load 32 which may rest on the floor or any other support underneath, with the

jaws

14 and 16 of the grapple held locked against closure from the open position shown in Fig. 1 by the linkage operating control 22 in a manner described hereinafter, and assuming further that it is desired to lift the load 32 from the oor or other support, the hoist is lowered until the bottom rails 29 of the base frame 12 of the grapple come to rest on top of the load 32, care being taken that the

open jaws

14 and 16 will straddle the load on the outside and inside thereof during the descent of the grapple onto the same. in thus seating the grapple on the'load 32, the linkage operating control 22 will, in a manner described hereinafter, release the

open jaws

14 and 16 for closure on the following expansion of the link system 69 in the direction of its diagonal D. Hence, on raising the hoist while the base frame 12 of the grapple 1l) rests on the load 32, the iin'.: system 60 will be thus expanded and the open jaws 1dand 16 will, in consequence, move toward each other into gripping engagement with the load 32 (Fig. 3). On ccntinued raising of the hoist, the link system 66, kin tending to expand beyond the extent Vshown in Fig. 3, will ca `c the

jaws

14 and 16 to grip the load 32 with an increasing force which almost immediately reaches a magnitude that is assuredly sufficient to lift the load from the ,door or other support, the link system 69 being thus prevented by thegripped load from expanding'beyond the extent shown in Fig. 3. The load 32 thus gripped by the jaws .14, 16 of the grapple may be lifted to any extent on raislng the hoist accordingly, and the raised load may also be shifted to any other horizontal location if the hoist 1s capable of such movement. In order subsequently to lower the raised load onto the oor or any other support 1n the same or a new horizontal location, it is merely necessary to lower the hoist. In thus lowering the hoist, the

jaws

14 and 16 of the grapple hold the load 32 securely gripped until the latter comes to rest on the floor or other support. On continued lowering of the hoist thereafter, the link system of the grapple will immediately contract in the direction of its diagonal D suciently to release the lowered load from the grip of the

jaws

14 and 16, and will continue to contract and, hence, open the jaws further, while the base frame 12 of the grapple rests on top of the lowered load. In accorf'- ance with the performance to be described of the linkage operating control 22, the hoist is lowered while the base frame 12 of the grapple rests on top of the lowered load 32, until the link system 60 has contracted slightly beyond the extent shown in Fig. l in order to condition the linkage operating control 22 automatically to lock the link system 60 against expansion in the direction of its diagonal D immediately on subsequent raising or" the hoist, so that the

jaws

14, 16 of the grapple remain in their fully open position and will not regrip the lowered load 32 as the grapple is with its jaws lifted clear of the load. This completes a load lifting and lowering cycle of the grapple 10, and the same will, under the linkage operating control 22, repeat the same cycle for the next and subsequent loads to be attended to. The linkage stabilizer 20, which is entirely conventional m grapples of this general type, comprises two

bars

96 and 98 which are pivotally connected with each other at 100 and with the link pairs 70 and 72 of the link system 60 at 102 and 104, respectively (Figs. l, 2 and 3). As best shown in Fig. 3, the bars 96 and 9S and the link pairs 70 and 72 to which the former are pivotally connected at 102 and 104, as described, form an auxiliary parallelogram-like link system 105 which expands and contracts with the primary link system 69. The arm 9S of the auxiliary link system 105 extends beyond its pivot connection 104 with the link pair 72 (Fig. 3) and carries at free end a transverse pin 1438 the ends of which project into opposing grooves 114) in guide blocks 112 and 114 on the inside of the

side panels

24 and 26, respectively, of the base frame 12. Since the stabilizer link 98 of the auxiliary link system 105 is of equal lengths 0n both sides of its pivot connection 164 with the link pair 72 (Fig. 3) and since the grooves 110 in the guide blocks 112 and 114 extend longitudinally of the base frame 12, it stands to reason that the linkage stabilizer 2 0, while permitting expansion and contraction of the link system 60 in the direction of its diagonal D, will lock this link system to the base frame 12 of the grapple against such diagonal expansion and contraction in any direction other than at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the base frame 12. Hence, despite the arrange ment of both

jaws

14 and 16 in the instant exemplary grapple 10 on one side of the diagonal D of the link system 60 and the location in many instances of the centers of gravity of loads thereon at some lateral distance from this diagonal D, the base frame 12 is prevented from tilting excessively from its normal horizontal disposition under any normal eccentric load thereon, the tilting of the loaded base frame being restricted to that of the link system 60 about the top pivot 74 thereof, and the tilting of the link system under these circumstances being to all practical intents and purposes inconsequential due to the relatively short lever arm of the average eccentric load on the top pivot 74 of this link system.

The grapple described so far, with the exception of certain functional aspects of the linkage operating control 22 already referred to hereinbefore, is entirely conventional and forms no part of the present invention. ln accordance with an important aspect of the present invention, however, the linkage operating control 22 embodies a feature` which greatly enhances the facility ofthe operation of the grapple and the safety in its use, and also permits its use at far greater efliciency than heretofore. The linkage operating control 22 comprises a latch lever 120, a pin and bayonet-type slot connection 126, and a. control member 128 (Fig. 3). The latch lever 120 is presently formed by spaced

side arms

122 and 124 which at one end are connected with an turnable on the pivot 76 of the link system 60 on one side of the diagonal D thereof (Figs. 1 to 3). The connection 126 is, in the present example, formed by aligned bayonet slots 130 in the

side arms

122 and 124 of the latch lever 126, and a transverse pin 138 which extends through the bayonet slots 136 and is mounted with its ends in ear formations 140 on the links 72, respectively, of the link system 60 (Figs. l to 3 and 6 to 8). Each bayonet slot 130 has a longitudinal branch 132 and an enlarged lateral end branch 134, including a lock shoulder 136. The control member 128 is in the form of a wheel turnable on a transverse stud 142 between and carried by the free ends of the

side arms

122 and 124 of the latch lever 121). F or appearance and reenforcement purposes, the free ends of the

side arms

122 and 124 of the latch lever 120 are preferably closed by a filler piece 143. The wheel 128 is provided with a plurality of teeth 144, preferably peripherally thereof, which for a reason soon apparent are of even number and equiangularly spaced, and alternate teeth are of dierent forms. Thus, the teeth 144a are higher than the teeth 144i) with which they alternate. Cooperating with the teeth 144 of the control wheel 128 is a pawl 146 which is pivoted on a cross-pin 148 on the latch lever 120 and prevents clockwise rotation of the control wheel (Fig. 7) but permits counterclockwise rotation of the latter in normal indexing direction.

In operation of the instant grapple 1), and assuming that the same presently carries the load 32 (Fig. 3) and the latter is to be lowered, the hoist is lowered until the load 32 comes to rest on the hoor or other support. On continued lowering of the hoist, the

jaws

14 and 16 of the grapple will immediately reiease their grip from the load and will open while the base frame 12 of the grapple rests on top of the lowered load. In thus lowering the hoist, the link system 60 will contract more and more from its expanded condition in Fig. 3, and the pin 13S will in the course of the continued contraction of this link system ride out of the longitudinal branches 132 of the bayonet slots 13@ in the latch lever 121) and be guided by the inclined edges 15@ of the lateral end branches 134 of these slots into interlock with the shoulders 136 thereof (Fig. 7), the free end of the latch lever 12) having freedom to descend by gravity sufficiently to permit entry of the pin 133 into interlock with the shoulders 136. The link syst n1 66 has by this time contracted to the extent shown in ig. l, but it is in accordance with the present invention that the hoist be lowered still further in order to permit even further contraction of the link system beyond the extent shown in Fig. l. Thus, it is during this further contraction of the link system 66 that the pin 13S is moved by the latter further to the right from its lock position in Fig. 7 while the latch lever 120 is compelled to follow the outwardly moving pivot 76 of the link system 60 in a direction opposite to the motion of the pin 13S, and it is during this relative motion in opposite directions of the latch lever 120 and pin 13S that the latter reacts with the adjacent flank 152 of the nearest shorter tooth 1445 Tiro of the control wheel 12S which faces the lock shoulder Y 136 (Fig. 7) and is cammed thereby out of interlocking reiation with the shoulders 136. Still during the same relative motion between the latch lever 120 and pin 138 after the latter is cammed out of interlocking relation with the shoulders 136, the pin 133 will engage the bottom 154 of the gap between the presently active tooth y144b' and the last active tooth 144:1' and commence to index the control wheel Y128 in counterclockwise direction (Fig. 8). The abovementioned further contraction of the link system @Il in response to further lowering of the hoist is continued until the-control wheel 128 is indexed at least one full tooth in order Vthat the pawl 146 may lock the control wheel in the newly indexed position (Eig. 8) in which the tooth 145th is the only obstacle to reentry of the pin 138 into interlocking relation with the shoulders 13,6. Since the links of the pair 72 areprovided, in fairly close proximity to the pivot 80, with inwardly projecting lugs 72a (Figs. l and 3) on which the

side arms

122 and 124, respectively, of the latch lever 120 come to rest when the link system 68 is contracted to the extent shown in Fig. l in which the pin 138 is `in interlock with the shoulders 136, it stands to reason that on further contracting the link system 60 the latch lever 129, by virtue of its rest on the lugs 72a on the link pair 72, will not only descend with the latter but will also havea superimposed counterclockwise motion about the lugs 72a by virtue of the greater descent of its pivot 76. Hence, while the latch lever 120 and pin 138 have, on the aforementioned further contraction of the link system 64), relative motion in opposite directions longitudinally of the latch lever 120, they have alsolrelative rotary motion in opposite directions,

and it is this latter relative motion which primarily makes for quick and complete camming of the pin 138 from interlock with the shoulders 136 and indexing of the control wheel 128, as will he readily understood. Having thus indexed the control wheel 128 into the new position shown in Fig. 8, and this may readily be perceived by the click of the relooking pawl 145, the hoist is raised in order to expand the link system 6i? of the grapple, and the latch lever 128 and link pair 72 of the link system 60 will immediately respond and relatively move the control wheel 128 and pin 138 away from each other from their relation in Fig. 8. After short relative motion between the control wheel 128 and the pin 138 in this fashion, the latter clears the tooth 14d-b (Fig. 8) and, by virtue of the shortness of the latter', is then free to reenter into interlocking relation with the shoulders 136 through the gap 158 between the latter and the tooth 144b, it being the previously raised free end of the latch lever 12@ which is then free to drop by gravity until its shoulders 136 are relocked with the pin 138. It is thus obvious that the pin 138 becomes relocked with the shoulders 136 almost imrnediately on raising the hoist and, in consequence, expanding theV link system 68 of the grapple, so that on continued raising of the hoist the grapple with its

jaws

14 and 16 wide open will be lifted from the lowered load without regripping the same.

On lowering the hoist for the next load-lifting peri formance of the grapple, the hoist may uninterruptedly he lowered until the fully open jaws of the grapple straddle the Vnew load on the *floor or other support. However, since the linkage operating control 22 at this stage of the new performance of the grapple still locks the link system 69 against expansionfrom the contracted condition shown in Fig. l, raising of the hoist at this time would merely lift the grapple without permitting its

jaws

14, 16 to grip the new load. Accordingly, the linkage operating control 22 will first have to perform its additional function of releasing the link system 68 for expansion before the hoist may be raised.V To this end, the hoist is loweredV until the base Aframe 1?. of the grapple comes to rest on the new load, and the hoist is thereafter even further lowered, even without interruption. it is during this further lowering of the hoist that the link system 68 of the grapple is permitted to contracty beyond the extent shown in Fig. l, in the course of Ywhich the ensuing relative movement between thercontrolwheel 128 and pin 138 toward each other (Fig. 7) causes cooperation between the latter and the nearest tooth 144, which now is the longer tooth 144e (Fig. 8), in camming the pin 138 from interlocking relation with the shoulders 135 and indexing the control instance.

wheel 128 the distance of one tooth. Hence, o'ngsuf ciently lowering the hoist, the pin 138 will be Vin the v.same

relation to the control wheel 128 as shown in Fig."8, ex-

cept that now the longer tooth 144a is in they position of the shorter tooth 1441i in Fig. 8, with the result that the longer tooth 144th will block reentry ofthepin 138 into interlocking relation with the shoulders 136, and instead will guide the pin beyond the shoulders `136 and ainst the inclined yedges 158 ofthe lateral end branches branches 132 of the bayonet slots a.A on raising the hoist after the last mentioned indexing of the control wheel 123. on thus raising' the hoist this time, the link system 69 of the grapple, being now released for expansion, will expand and, in consequence, cause the

open jaws

14, 16 to close on the new load and, on engagement therewith, grip the same with a force which is assuredlyy vadequate to lift it. The control wheel 128 now assumes an angular position identicalV to that shown in Fig. 7, i. e., a short tooth 144i: is nearest to the shoulders 136, ready to cooperate with the pin 138 after lowering the present load on the iloor or other support and continuing to lower the hoist thereafter until the control wheel 128 is again indexed so that on subsequent raising of the hoist the pin 138 will relock with the shoulders 136 and thus permit raising of the grapple from the lowered load without regripping thelatter with its jaws, as will be readily understood.

it follows from the preceding that the instantV linkage operating control 22 acts alternately to release the

open jaws

14, 16 of the grapple for closure and lock them against closure, i. e., in the logical sequence required for picking up each load and subsequently lowering the load and removing the grapple therefrom for the pick-upv of another load, simply by lowering the hoist, for each pickup of a load and for the lowering of each picked-up load, slightly further than is required to rest the base frame of the grapple on top of the load in each instance. Thus, the instant linkage operating control is highly advantageous in that it requires no manipulation whatever by an operator, and for that reason not only greatly facilitates the operation of the grapple by an attendant, but permits the use of the grapple with far greater safety to the attendant than was heretofore possible, as has already been explained hereinbefore. Moreover, the unique performance of the instant linkage operating control, to the end of requiring hardly any deviation from the accustomed use and operation of grapples of this type'and additionally eliminating altogether cumbersome and even f hazardous manipulation of the previous latch provisions, enhances the efficient use of the instant grapple far beyond that of previous grapples of this general type.

in accordance with another aspect of the present invention, one of the jaws of the grapple may be adjusted relative to the other jaw so as to accommodate the grapple to loads of different sizes without incurring too much lost motion in crosing tre jaws on the load and releasing them therefrom. This feature is especially advantageous in View of the performance of the hereinbefore described e linkage operating control 22, in that the adjustability of one of the jaws relative to the other jaw and, hence, of

the operating range of the jaws, permits the adaptationl of the instant grapple to ioads of different sizes with-V out detracting in the slightest from the highly advantageous quick response of the linkage operating control in its designated actions to natural lowering of the grapplecarrying hoist, for each pick-up of a load and for the lowering of each picked-up load, slightly further than is require. to rest the grapple on top of the load in each ln the present instance, it is the outer jaw 14 which is adjustable, and to this end, the side members 38 and 4t? of its carrier Se are provided with a plurality of spaced pairs of aligned holes 160 with either of which the pivot 99 may b e connected. The privotr90 isto this Hence,

ascenso end a pin which is removable from the outer jaw carrier 36 and operating links 62 (Fig. 4) and extends through elongated slots 162 in the opposite side panels 2d and 26 of the base frame 12, having at one end a removable cotter pin 16d, or the like, and at its other end a handle 166 for manipulating the pin. The slots 162 in the opposite side panels Z4; and 26 of the base frame 12 are suiciently elongated to permit free motion of the pivot pin 9d with the outer jaw carrier 36 throughout its operating range.

While in the grapple 15.3 described herein'oefore both jaws 14 and 15 move in response to expansion and contraction of the link system 60 in the direction of the diagonal D thereof, all the described advantages of the present invention are as fully secured if only one of the jaws of the grapple moves in response to diagonal expansion and contraction of the link system 6i), While the other jaw remains stationary. An example of this modiiied arrangement is shown in Fig. 9 in which the outer jaw 1d on the carrier 36 is moved in response to expansion and contraction of the link system ed by virtue of the operating links d2. which connect the former with the latter, while the inner jaw 16 on its carrier de is held stationary in the base frame 12 of the grapple 1b' by virtue of the attachment of the jaw carrier 46 to the base frame 12 by means of bolts 17d, or the like.

The invention may be carried out in other specific ways than those herein set forth without departing from the spirit and essential characteristics of the invention, and

Vthe present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, and all changes coming within the meaning and equivalency range of the appended claims are intended to be embraced therein.

What is claimed is:

1. In a grapple having mechanism, including pivotally connected links arranged in a parallelogram system with suspension means at one end of one diagonal thereof, relatively movable jaws, and means connecting said jaws with said links at the other end of said diagonal to close and open said jaws on expanding and contracting said link system in the direction of said diagonal, the combination of a lever pivoted with one end to said link system on one side of said diagonal thereof and having a bayonet-type slot with a longitudinal branch and a lateral end branch with a lock shoulder; a pin on said link system on the other side of said diagonal thereof and extending into said slot, said pin riding in said longitudinal slot branch during expansion and contraction of said link system within a range in said longitudinal branch terminating at the end thereof next to said end branch, and said lever, on contraction of said link system beyond said end of said range, gravitating in one direction about its pivot axis whereby said lateral end branch and lock shoulder thereof registers and interlocks with said pin for locking said link system against expansion; a toothed Wheel rotatably mounted on said lever farther from the pivot axis of the latter than said lateral end branch so that teeth of said wheel extend into said lateral end branch; pawl means carried by said lever and engaging said wheel to limit rotation of the latter to one direction and arrest the same against rotation in the opposite direction, said teeth being alternately of different heights so as to project substantially across and only partly into said lateral end branch, respectively, a gap between successive teeth being in alignment with said pin in said lateral end branch whenever said pawl means arrests said wheel against rotation, said tooth gap camsaid pin from said lateral end branch whereby said pin will index said wheel a single tooth on each successive contraction of said link system beyond said range, the higher teeth of said wheel blocking reentry of said ein into the said lateral end branch and camming the ame into said longitudinal slot branch, and the lower eeth gm'dinc said pin into said lateral end branch, alternatively on successive expansions of said link system into said 2. in a grapple having mechanism, including pivotally connected links arranged in a parallelogram system with nsion means at one end of one diagonal thereof, 'vely movable jaws, and means connecting said jaws ,f h said links at the other end of said diagonal to close said jaws on expanding and contracting said ink vstern in the direction of said diagonal, the comination of a lever pivoted with one end of said link AYstem on one side of said diagonal thereof and having ba ype slot with a longitudinal branch and a ink system on the other side of said diagonal thereof and extending into said slot, said pin riding in said longitudinal slot branch during expansion and contraction of said link system within a range in said longitudinal branch terminating at the end thereof next to said end branca, and said lever, on contraction of said link system beyond said end of said range, gravitating in one direction about its pivot axis whereby said lateral end branch and lock shoulder thereof registers and interlocks with said pin for locking said link system against expansion; a toothed wheel rotatably mounted on said lever farther from the pivot axis of the latter than said lateral end branch so that teeth of said wheel extend into said lateral end branch; pawl means carried by said lever and engaging said wheel to limit rotation of the latter to one direction and arrest the same 'against rotation in the opposite direction, said teeth being alernately of diierent heights so as to project substantially across and only partly into said lateral end branch, respectively, a gap between successive teeth being in alignment with said pin in said lateral end branch Whenever said pawl means arrests said wheel against rotation, said tooth gap camming said pin from said lateral end branch whereby said pin will index said wheel a single tooth on each successive contraction of said link system beyond said range, the higher teeth of said wheel blocking reentry of said pin into the said lateral end branch and camming the same into said longitudinal slot branch, and the lower teeth guiding said pin into said lateral end branch, alternatively on successive expansions of said link system into said range; and a lug on one of the links extending to said other end of said diagonal, said lug being engaged by and turning said lever about its pivot axis in a direction opposite to said one direction on each contraction of said link system beyond said range.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNlTED STATES PATENTS Warner Mar. 16, Heppenstall Jan. 2,

FOREGN PATENTS