US279239A - Heusteich geatj - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

H. GRAU.

ELECTROMAGNETIC MOTOR FOR GLOUKSL No. 279,239. Patented June 12,1883.

Fig.

' UNITED STATES PATENT O FICE.

HEINRICH GRAU, OF CASSEL, PRUSSIA, GERMANY.

ELECTRO-MAGNETIC MOTOR FOR CLOCKS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 279,239, dated June 12, 1883.

Application filed August 25, 1882. (No model.) Patented in Germany May 5, 1882,}10. 18,057.

' netic Motors; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had'to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

The invention consists in certain improvements in the construction of electromagnetic indicating devices with rotating polarized armature, substantially as hereinafter fully described, and specifically pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figures -1 and 2 are rear and side elevations, respectively, of the improved indicating devices; and Fig. 3 shows the armature and its steel magnet in elevation. Figs. 4 and 5 are detail views of the armature, and Fig. 6 is a detail view of the stop mechanism on an enlarged scale.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts in the above figures of drawings.

The mechanism is supported by a suitable frame-work, F, in which a shaft, S, of brass, has its bearings, as shown at d and e. The said shaft passes loosely through the legs of a str'ong steel magnet, M, and carries between .the poles at and b of the magnet the armature of one will lie between the arms of the other,

thetwo sections will form a toothed wheel cap able of operation like an escap ement or ratchet wheel, as shown in Fig. 3.

Owing to the proximity of the hubs of the armature-sections to the poles of the magnet M, said sections are magnetized, and are of the same polarity as that of the adjacent poles of said magnet Mthat is to say, the arms f h of the section A will be the N. poles, and the arms 9 i of the section A the S. poles, and the said poles will alternate with one another.

The armature is arranged in proximity to and partly between the coils C C of an electromagnet, M, the poles is and l of which have their left sides beveled off, so as not to interfere with the free rotation of the armature. The tendency of the latter relatively to the poles of the magnet M is to assume a position of rest, in which position, owing to the peripheral form of said armature, its arms will always lie in closest proximity to the poles of the electromagnet. If an electric current is sent through the magnet M, so that k will be the N. pole and l the S. pole, then It andf will be of like polarity and Z and 9 will be of like polarity. The result of this electric relation between the electromagnet and the armature will be that is and Zwill repulse f and g, respectively, and attract g and 71 respectively, thereby imparting to the armature a quarter of a revolution.

' come the N. pole and 7c the S. pole of the electro-magnet, and the polarities of lh and k g,

respectively, will again be alike, whereby the said sections are again repulsed, and the sections it and i attracted to impart a quarter of a revolution to the shaft S, and through it to the minute-hand, and so on.

In order to operate the mechanism, it is therefore necessary to send a current of electricity through the electro-magnet at fixed periods or intervals, reversing the current each time, as will be readily understood. To prevent a retrograde movement of the minute-hand, and to prevent the armature from moving beyond its position of rest by a too rapid succession of the electric currents, I employ a stop mechanism constructed and operating as follows, referring more particularly to Fig. 6.

Upon the shaft S is mounted a disk, D, in which is formed a ratchet-shaped guide-groove, d, whose inner edge forms a ratchet the teeth. of which are formed by the curve or cam surfaces q and the radial shoulders or surfaces r.

The armature will thenassume a position of rest, for the rea- 2' emcee The outer edge of the groove forms also a ratchet having curved or cam surfaces at, inclined surfaces 8, and the radial faces or shonl' ders t. In this groove rides asemi circular pin, 0, attached to one end of a weighted lever, 19, pivoted at S upon the supporting-fi'ame, the flat face of the pin lying normally against the radial face r of one of the teeth forming the inner edge of the groove, held there by the weighted lever 3). \V hen the shaft S is rotated by the armature, the canrt'aee q depresses the pin 0, and, owing to the rapid motion of the armature before the lever can lift the pin over the point of the tooth, said pin strikes the incline s of the outer edge of the groove, on which it rides until it comes in contact with the radial face or shoulder t, and instantaneously stops the movement of the shaft and armature. the shoulder i, it will then be in a position to come in contact with the radial face or shoulder r of the inner edge of the groove, which also prevents a retrograde movement of the disk. After the movement; of the shaft has been arrested, as described, the pin will be lifted by the lever into its normal position.

The characteristic advantages of this mechanism are the following: lt may be operated by a GOlllpftl'tItlVOlY weak electric current. The mechanical power generated is directly proportional to the power exerted during every moment of motion. In starting, when the inertia of the operating mechanism has to be overcome, t-hepower is greatest, because at that moment there is not only an attracting but simultaneously a repulsing power in the direction of motion exerted upon the said mechanism. The armature, in proportion to its dimensions, is highly magnetic, and this magi'ietism may be increased by a corresponding increase of the power of the steel magnet. lly the reversal of the current the formation of renmnent magnetism in the electronmgnet, as well as the influence of atmospheric electrical disturbances, are avoided.

Having now described my invention, what I claim is-- 1. In an electromagnetic motor, the combination, with an electromagnet, ot' a permanent magnet and an armature polarized thereby, composed of two bars isolated from each other, the ends of which intermatch, as de scribed, forming alternating positive and negative poles, said armature being arranged relatively to the electro-magnet, as described, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

Should the pin 0 recoil on striking 2. In an electro-magnetic-motor mechanism, the combination, with an electromagnet, and a polarized rotating armature having positive and negative poles alternating with each other, and arranged relatively to the said magnet, as described, of appliances to limit the movements of the armature in one direction at each pulsation ot' the electric current, as set forth. I

3. In an e1ectro-magnetic-motor mechanism, the combination, with an eleetro-magnet, and a polarized rotating armature having alternating positive and negative poles f g h '2 and arranged relatively to the electro-imignety as set forth, of appliances to simultaneously limit the movement of the armature in both directions, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

4. 111 an electro-magnetie-motoruncchanism, the combination, with an electro-magnet and a steel magnet, of an armature composed of two sections, A and A, and arranged relatively to said magnets, as described, whereby the sections of the armature are magnetized and the force ot' the electric current passing through the electro-magnet increased, sub stantially as and for the purposes speei tied.

5. The combination, with the electro-magnet M, of the armature composed of the sections A and A, sleeve 0, shalt S, and the magnet M, arrangml i'or w-operation as described.

6. In an clectro-magnetie-motor meehanism, the combination of an olectro-magnet and atrain of gearing for operating indicating de vices, a polarized rotating armature, A, for operating said train of gearing, a magnet for magnetizing the armature, and mechanism to limit the movement of the armature in either direction at each pulsation of the elect-riceurrent, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

'7. An armature for elect1.'o-magnets, constructed of two sections, A and A, isolated from each other, and forming together an capement or ratchet wheel, whereby said sec tions may be polarized and the teeth of the armature form a series of alterate -t-- and poles, as and for the purposes specified.

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

HEl N Rl't' H (l li A I I \Vitnesses:

HUco Mmsxnn, F. ULRICH.

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